APPENDIX B - San Bernardino County, California · This Integrated Pest Management Plan (IPMP) provides objectives and methods for pest management at San Bernardino County Flood Control

APPENDIX B Integrated Pest Management Plan

2-508*

SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY FLOOD

CONTROL DISTRICT RODENTICIDE

IMPLEMENTATION PEST MANAGEMENT

PLAN

Prepared by: San Bernardino County Public Works Environmental Management Division

August 30, 2018

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TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS………………… …………………………………………………………..iii VOCABULARY ................................................................................................................................ iv

Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................... v

......................................................................................................................... 1

................................ 5

2.1 CRITICAL FACILITIES ................................................................................................ 5

2.2 NON-CRITICAL FACILITIES ....................................................................................... 8

........................................................................................................ 8 ......................................................................................... 9

4.1 CALIFORNIA GROUND SQUIRREL ........................................................................... 9

4.2 POCKET GOPHERS ..................................................................................................... 11

................................................................................................................... 12

............................................... 12

6.1 FEDERAL ...................................................................................................................... 12

6.2 STATE ........................................................................................................................... 13

6.3 LOCAL.......................................................................................................................... 14

6.4 ENVIRONMENTAL ..................................................................................................... 14

....................................................................................................... 15

7.1 ANTICOAGULANTS ................................................................................................... 15

7.2 ACUTE TOXICANTS ................................................................................................... 16

7.3 FUMIGANTS................................................................................................................. 17

............................................. 17

8.1 PRE RODENTICIDE APPLICATION ......................................................................... 17

8.1.1 PESTICIDE TRAINING AND CERTIFICATION ............................................... 17

8.1.2 ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING PROGRAM ..................................................... 18

8.2 IPM RODENTICIDE APPLICATION PROCESS ....................................................... 18

8.2.1 TIMING .................................................................................................................. 19

8.2.2 RODENTICIDE BAIT STATION ......................................................................... 20

8.2.3 RODENTICIDE BROADCAST BAITING .......................................................... 23

8.2.4 FUMIGATION ....................................................................................................... 24

8.2.5 HABITAT MODIFICATION ................................................................................. 26

8.2.6 BIOLOGICAL CONTROL .................................................................................... 27

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8.3 POST RODENTICIDE APPLICATION ....................................................................... 28

8.3.1 CARCASS RECOVERY ....................................................................................... 28

8.3.2 MONITORING ...................................................................................................... 28

8.3.3 REPORTS ............................................................................................................... 29

..................................................... 31

9.1 WATER QUALITY ....................................................................................................... 31

9.2 BIOLOGICAL – GENERAL ......................................................................................... 33

9.3 BIOLOGICAL – SENSITIVE SPECIES ....................................................................... 33

9.3.1 SAN BERNARDINO KANGAROO RAT ............................................................ 39

9.3.2 BURROWING OWL .............................................................................................. 40

9.3.3 MOHAVE GROUND SQUIRREL ........................................................................ 41

9.3.4 DESERT TORTOISE ............................................................................................. 41

9.3.5 MOJAVE RIVER VOLE ........................................................................................ 41

................................................................................................ 179

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ABBREVIATIONS

AI Active Ingredient

BO Biological Opinion

CAC County Agricultural Commissioners

CalPIP California Pesticide Information Portal Project

CDFA California Department of Food and Agriculture

CDFW California Department of Fish and Wildlife

CDPR California Department of Pesticide Regulation

DSOD State of California Division of Safety of Dams

EMD Environmental Management Division

EPA Environmental Protection Agency

FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency

FIFRA Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act

FIRM Flood Insurance Rate Map

IPM Integrated Pest Management

NFIP National Flood Insurance Program

PCO Pest Control Operator

PRESCRIBE Pesticide Regulation's Endangered Species Custom Real time internet Bulletin

Engine

RUP Restricted-Use Pesticide

SBCFCD San Bernardino County Flood Control District

USACE United States Army Corps of Engineers

USFWS United States Fish Wildlife Service

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VOCABULARY

Bait Shyness – A behavior exhibited by a pest that has ingested a sub-lethal dose of poisoned

bait and subsequently avoids ingesting that substance again.

Critical Facility – A facility that is critical to public safety

Low Tolerance Level – A low abundance of ground squirrel and pocket gophers will be tolerated

on the slopes of the San Bernardino County Flood Control District levees and dams

Non-Critical Facility – A facility that is important, but not critical to ensuring public safety

Non-Target Species – All mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians that are not intended for

rodent control

Non-Target Sensitive Species – Any mammal, bird, reptile, or amphibian that has federal or

state special status and may be affected by rodenticide application within San Bernardino County

Flood Control District facilities

Primary Exposure – Non-target species that may be directly subjected to rodenticides

Secondary Exposure – Non-target species consumes dead or dying rodents that have been

exposed to a rodenticide

Target Species – The California ground squirrel and pocket gopher pests that create burrows on

San Bernardino County Flood Control District property

Zero Tolerance Threshold – No California ground squirrel or pocket gopher will be allowed to

occupy the San Bernardino County Flood Control District facility

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Executive Summary

This Integrated Pest Management Plan (IPMP) provides objectives and methods for pest

management at San Bernardino County Flood Control District (SBCFCD) facilities. The SBFCD

is responsible for 525 facilities, including many dam and levee facilities. Federal and state

agencies provide oversight of the structural condition and hydraulic capacity of critical SBCFCD

facilities, requiring strict zero-tolerance programs for the eradication of burrowing rodents.

Levees, dams, and earthen embankments provide an ideal habitat for burrowing rodents such

as ground squirrels and gophers who can seriously weaken earthen flood-control facilities

resulting in flooding or catastrophic failure.

The focus of this IPMP is to identify a proactive process that will provide a safe, effective,

economical and sustainable long-term rodent control strategy. The IPMP streamlines the decision

making process with a flow chart which requires the Pest Control Operator (PCO) to first review

the Facility Pesticide Use Table. The Facility Pesticide Use Table is a compilation of Best

Management Practices (BMP) required by law and found on the California Department of

Pesticide Regulation (CDPR) PRESCRIBE database according to facility location. The Facility

Pesticide Use Table also includes BMPs self-imposed by the SBCFCD. These self-imposed

BMP’s cover any gaps in the CDPR PRESCRIBE website and afford greater attention to

burrowing owl, raptor and large predator habitats. Once the BMP’s are identified the flow chart

directs the PCO to consider seasonality, ground squirrel population size, facility and adjacent

habitat size. SBCFCD ecologists, the PCO and SBCFCD staff partner with implementation of the

BMP’s. This IPMP includes monitoring for rodent activity around critical facilities, management

of the local environment to exclude and reduce rodent habitat, training for SBCFCD staff,

consideration and application of effective and environmentally responsible control techniques and

record keeping.

SBCFCD is committed to maintaining facilities with these scientifically based and environmentally

acceptable approaches.

SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT RODENTICIDE IMPLEMENTATION PEST MANAGEMENT PLAN

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The County of San Bernardino has an area of approximately 20,106 square miles and is

divided into three distinct geographic regions: valley, mountains and desert. About 80

percent of the County is desert, with the remaining areas divided between the valley and

mountains. Due to the rapid growth in flood prone areas, the San Bernardino County

Flood Control District (SBCFCD) was created by legislation in 1939, as defined by the

California Water Code Appendix, Chapter 43 and all subsequent amendments to provide

‘protection of life and property’ within this vast, topographical diverse region. Today, the

SBCFCD is organized into six (6) ‘zones’. Refer to Table 1 and Illustration 1, Flood Control

Facilities and Zone Map, for more information.

The valley region of San Bernardino County (referred to as “Valley”) is situated at the

base of the San Gabriel and San Bernardino mountain ranges to the north, the City of

Upland and the Los Angeles County line to the west, and the City of Yucaipa and the

Riverside County line to the south and east. The defining fluvial landforms in this location

are the creeks, streams and washes that have formed from mountain and foothill fluvial

processes. Within SBCFCD, the valley is represented by zones 1, 2, and 3. The more

prominent drainage features in the valley region include Lytle Creek, City Creek, Cajon

Creek, Cucamonga Creek, Day Creek, Deer Creek, Mill Creek, Plunge Creek, Twin/Warm

Creek, San Antonio Creek, San Sevaine Channel, San Timoteo Creek, Wilson Creek,

Wildwood Creek and various basins and levees, many of which confluence with the Santa

Ana River.

The Mountain Region, or Zone 5 and a portion of Zone 6, is located north of the valley

region in the San Gabriel and San Bernardino mountain ranges, separated by the Cajon

Pass, a defining feature of the San Andreas Fault zone. The mountain communities

stretch from Mt. Baldy and Wrightwood to the west, to Big Bear City on the east, and

Forest Falls to the southeast. Runoff from the mountains provides the main water source

for both the Santa Ana and Mojave rivers. Fluvial landforms in the mountain region consist


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of a series of creeks, streams and rivers that drain into mountain lakes or the valley region.

The more prominent drainage features in the mountain region maintained in full or in part

by SBCFCD are creeks, streams, washes and channels including Green Valley,

Knickerbocker Creek Grout Creek, Rathbone Creek, and Van Dusen Creek.

The Desert Region, Zones 4 and a portion of Zone 6, is located north of the San

Bernardino and San Gabriel Mountain regions and north of Riverside County line, to the

Arizona state line to the east, Kern and Los Angeles Counties to the west, and Inyo

County and Nevada state line to the north. This region is characterized by an assemblage

of low mountain ranges and desert floors. The most conspicuous water feature within the

desert region is the Mojave River, an approximately 65-mile long river whose source is

the watershed on the north side of the San Bernardino Mountains, which terminates at

Soda Dry Lake. Small portions of the river are maintained by SBCFCD and these are

typically dry most of the year. Many other drainages and washes emanating from the

various low mountain ranges in the region either terminate in dry lakes or on the desert

floor. The more prominent drainage features in the desert region include: the Mojave

River, Antelope Creek Wash, Oro Grande Wash, Buckthorn Wash, Fremont Wash, Desert

Knolls Wash, Swarthout Creek, Flume Creek, Heath Creek, Sheep Creek, Barstow

Channel, Dean Wash Channel, Lenwood Channel and Spreading Grounds, Yermo

Channel, Daggett Channel, 29 Palms Spreading Grounds, 29 Palms Flood Channel,

Pinto Cove Creek, Mesquite Creek, Indian Cove Creek, Oasis Creek Channel, Yucca

Creek/Channel, Quail Wash, Old Woman Springs Creek, Burnt Mountain Wash, Pinion

Creek, Little/Big Morongo Creek, Trona Channel, Argus Channel, Rockcrusher Channel,

Borosolvay Channel, Cemetery Channel, and various basins and levees. See Table 1

below for more details.


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TABLE 1 - A DESCRIPTION OF THE SIX ZONES MAINTAINED BY SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT

SBCFCD ZONE

Zone COVERAGE

(mi2) ZONE DESCRIPTION

REFERENCE TERMINOLOGY

Zone 1 275

The westerly portion of the San Bernardino Valley extending from Beech Avenue in the Fontana area to the Los Angeles County line, all south of the San Gabriel mountain range divide. This includes

the Cities of Chino, Chino Hills, Fontana, Montclair, Ontario, Rancho Cucamonga and Upland.

Valley

Zone 2

318

The central area of the San Bernardino Valley, easterly of Zone 1 to approximately the Santa Ana River and City Creek

demarcations. This includes the Cities of Colton, Fontana, Grand Terrace, Highland, Loma Linda, Redlands, Rialto and San

Bernardino with the communities of Bloomington, Devore and Muscoy.

Valley

Zone 3

366

The easterly end of the San Bernardino Valley, east of Zone 2

including the Cities of Highland, Loma Linda, Redlands, San

Bernardino and Yucaipa with the community of Mentone.

Valley

Zone 4

1,783

The Mojave River Valley from the San Bernardino Mountains to Silver Lakes. This includes the Cities/Towns of Adelanto, Apple

Valley, Barstow, Hesperia and Victorville and all or portions of the communities of Baker, Baldy Mesa, Daggett, Desert Knolls, El

Mirage, Helendale, Hinkley, Hodge, Lenwood, Oro Grande, Phelan, Pinon Hills, Silver Lakes, Spring Valley Lake, Wrightwood

and Yermo.

Desert and

Mountain

Zone 5

163 sq.

miles

The mountainous watershed of the Mojave River on the crest and north slopes of the San Bernardino Mountains including the

communities of Arrowbear Lake, Blue Jay, Cedar Glen, Crestline, Green Valley Lake, Lake Arrowhead, Lake Gregory, Rimforest, Running Springs, Silverwood Lake, Skyforest, Snow Valley and

Twin Peaks

Mountain

Zone 6

and

others

The remainder of the County not embraced by other zones including portions of the San Gabriel and San Bernardino

Mountains and the semi-desert portion of the County. This includes the Cities/Towns of Big Bear, Needles, Yucca Valley and Twenty-nine Palms with the communities of Amboy, Joshua Tree, Lucerne

Valley, Morongo Valley, Newberry Springs and Trona.

Desert and

Mountain


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ILLUSTRATION 1 – THE SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY FLOOD CONTROL VALLEY BOUNDARIES


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The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) operates and maintains levees and dams nationwide

that are integral to many communities and critical to watershed management. The USACE Dam

Safety Program uses risk analysis to produce information on how it will manage the approximately

700 dams, nationwide, it operates and maintains, with life and safety the highest priority. Using a

risk assessment approach to evaluate, prioritize and justify dam safety decisions allows USACE to

repair its dams in the most effective manner within a constrained budget.

The USACE is also responsible for building and maintaining USACE-owned levees and for

inspecting those structures to determine their level of maintenance needs. Levees change over

time: banks erode; closures rust, animals burrow, and slope protection wear out. Inspection

information contributes to risk assessments and supports levee accreditation decisions for the

National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) administered by the Federal Emergency Management

Agency (FEMA). Ongoing vigilance is needed to ensure that levee infrastructure will perform

properly during a flood event. The USACE regularly inspects levees within its Levee Safety

Program to monitor their overall condition, identify deficiencies, verify that needed maintenance is

taking place, determine eligibility for federal rehabilitation assistance (in accordance with P.L. 84-

99), and provide information about the levees on which the public relies. Additionally, levees that

are designed to provide protection from at least the 1%-annual-chance flood, along with areas

mapped immediately behind them, may be accredited by FEMA as a moderate-risk zone on the

Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) for a community participating in NFIP.

2.1 CRITICAL FACILITIES Of the 525 SBCFCD facilities, there are 75 ‘critical’ facilities, ‘critical’ referring to where any failure

could substantially jeopardize public safety. These include 42 levees that are part of the USACE

levee safety program, 22 levees that are FEMA accredited, 15 USACE floodwalls, and 16 dams

that require State of California Division of Safety of Dams (DSOD) inspections (See Table 2).

http://www.fema.gov/national-flood-insurance-program


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TABLE 2 – THE SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT FACILITIES THAT REQUIRE CERTIFICATION (DSOD, FEMA, SAFETY PROGRAM).

FACILITY NAME

SAN

BERN

ARDI

NOI C

OUNT

Y FL

OOD

CONT

ROL

RED

BOOK

ID

CORP

S LE

VEE

SAFE

TY P

ROGR

AM

CORP

S FL

OODP

LAIN

DSOD

FAC

ILIT

Y

FEMA

LEV

EE A

CCRE

DITA

TION

LIS

T

Ely Basin No 1 1-211-4A A

Ely Basin No 2 1-211-4B A

Cucamonga Channel, COE 1-301-1D X

Cucamonga Channel, COE 1-301-1E X X

Cucamonga Channel, COE 1-301-1H X

Cucamonga Channel, COE 1-301-1I X

Lower Cucamonga Spreading Grounds 1-310-2A X

Cucamonga Channel, COE 1-351-1E X

Cucamonga Dam, COE 1-352-3A X

Demens Creek Channel 1-401-1A X

Demens Basin No 1, COE 1-402-3A X A

Alta Loma Basin No 1 1-406-3A X

Alta Loma Basin No 2 1-406-3B X

Demens Dam, COE 1-452-3A X

Deer Creek Debris Basin 1-506-3A X

Day Creek Dam 1-608-3A X

Day Creek Spreading Basin No 1 1-614-4A A

Day Creek Spreading Basin No 2 1-614-4B A

Day Creek Spreading Basin No 3 1-614-4C A

Day Creek Spreading Basin No 4 1-614-4D A

Day Creek Spreading Basin No 5 1-614-4E A

Etiwanda Debris Basin (Etiwanda Creek Dam) 1-707-3A X

San Sevaine Basin No 5 (DSOD) 1-802-3E X

Jurupa Basin (DSOD) 1-804-3A X


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Hickory Basin [DSOD] 1-811-3A X

Declez Basin[DSOD] 1-814-3A X

Mill Basin 2-107-4A A

Lytle-Cajon Channel, COE 2-204-1A X X

Riverside Groin No 2, COE 2-205-5B A

Riverside Groin No 3, COE 2-205-5C A

Riverside Groin No 4, COE 2-205-5D A

Riverside Groin No 5, COE 2-205-5E A

Lytle Creek Levee, COE 2-206-5A X X

Lytle Creek Levee, COE 2-206-5B X

Island Levee, COE 2-207-5A X X

Island Levee, COE 2-207-5B X X

Lower Devore Levee, COE 2-208-5B A

Muscoy Groin No 4 , COE 2-209-5D X

Muscoy Levee, COE 2-210-5A X X

Muscoy Levee, COE 2-210-5B X X

Muscoy Levee, COE 2-210-5C X X

Warm Creek Levee, COE 2-212-5A

Devil Canyon Dam (Basin No 1) 2-303-3A X

Devil Creek Levee, COE 2-306-5A X A

Devil Creek Diversion Channel, COE 2-307-1B X

Little Mountain Dam 2-365-3A X

Twin Creek 2-405-1A X X A

Waterman Levee, COE 2-408-5A X X A

Twin Creek Levees, COE 2-408-5B X X A

Twin Creek Levees, COE 2-408-5C X

Twin Creek Levees, COE 2-408-5D X

Waterman Levee, North, COE 2-408-5E A

Twin Creek Channel Improved, COE 2-409-1D X

Warm Creek, COE 2-411-1B X X

Lynwood Basin No 1 2-420-4A A

City Creek Levee, COE 2-601-5A X

City Creek Levee, COE 2-601-5B X

Santa Ana River (Incl. COE) 2-701-1A X

Santa Ana River (Incl. COE) 2-701-1B X

Santa Ana River (Incl. COE) 3-101-1F X

City Creek 3-301-1C X

City Creek Levee - West Bank (COE) 3-301-5A X

City Creek Levee - West Bank 3-301-5B X

Seven Oaks Dam, COE 3-104-3A X

Small Canyon Dam 3-302-3A X


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Mill Creek Levee, COE 3-802-5A X X

Mill Creek Levee, COE 3-802-5B X X

Oro Grande Wash; COE 4-104-1A X

Oro Grande Wash 4-106-1A X

Quail Wash Levee; COE 6-453-5A X

Needles S Street Channel COE 6-603-1A X X

Eagle Pass Levee; COE 6-603-5A X

S Street Channel Inlet Levee 6-603-5B X X

Donnell Basin 6-402-4A A

Quail Wash Levee; COE 6-453-5A A

2.2 NON-CRITICAL FACILITIES

SBCFCD channels are constructed to contain water within a channel below the elevation of the

surrounding flood plain. ‘Non-critical’ facilities do not belong to a program or require certification.

Most of the SBCFCD facilities fall into this category.

California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi) and, to a lesser extent, pocket gophers

(Thomomys bottae) are common throughout much of California. Given that SBCFCD facilities are

often located on the urban fringe, a large number have the potential to support a significant rodent

population. These animals are part of the natural ecosystem, but can cause structural damage to

dams, levees, and other water conveyance structures. Burrows weaken the compacted fill of levees

and dams, undermine access roads and other structures, and cause erosion, sloughing, and other

maintenance problems. The longest ground squirrel burrow system ever recorded totaled 741 feet

in aggregate length and displaced 5 tons of soil. Thus, the SBCFCD could face significant liability

exposure for flooding and other damage from structural failure due to the presence of rodent

burrows.

There are many ways to control animal damage, and rodenticides are the most common approach

in agricultural rights-of-way and on water conveyance structures. Some reasons for their popularity


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include their high efficacy at controlling rodents, quick application and removal times, and relatively

low cost of application compared to many alternative approaches.

While effective in reducing the prevalence of rodents, rodenticide use can result in unintended

environmental consequences. To address these concerns, the SBCFCD Environmental

Management Division (EMD) reviewed different rodent control techniques and developed this

Integrated Pest Management Plan (IPM). Generally, IPMs usually replace one or two dimensional

pest control programs with an extensive monitoring program and suite of application tools. IPMs

can cost more to implement than standard pest control programs, but generally provide better

control with fewer environmental impacts. To achieve this, a vertebrate IPM program should strive

to combine the target rodent life cycle with the best available control methods. Because some of

the most successful tools available for vertebrate pest control are rodenticides, they are frequently

an essential component of many comprehensive IPM programs designed to control a wide variety

of damaging pests, including the two that are the focus of this document - pocket gophers and

ground squirrels (referred collectively as ‘target species’).

4.1 CALIFORNIA GROUND SQUIRREL

It is important to understand the ecology of the species that are targeted for removal. Seasonality,

foraging habits, and life cycle can all contribute to population abundance. Successful management

programs can use information about the biology and behavior of a species to manipulate food and

habitat resources required for survival.

The California ground squirrel is a large rodent found in most low elevation areas of the State. The

highly ubiquitous squirrel lives in a wide variety of natural habitats, but populations may be

particularly dense in disturbed areas such as levees, dams, road or ditch banks, fencerows, around

buildings, and within or bordering crops. They usually avoid thick chaparral, dense woods, and

wetland areas. The upper banks of most SBCFCD facilities provide excellent habitat for ground


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squirrel colonies, with many of the banks and levees being maintained free of vegetation, providing

good vantage points to spot danger, and often containing weedy vegetation and other food sources.

In general, ground squirrels live in colonies that can grow to 20 or more animals if left undisturbed.

Much of their time is spent in underground burrows where they sleep, rest, rear young, store food,

and escape danger. Burrow networks comprise many runs from five to 30 feet or more in length

and may be up to four feet deep. Ground squirrels are active during the day and are easily seen,

especially in warm weather from spring to fall. During winter months, ground squirrels can hibernate

but it is common for some, especially the young, to remain active all year. Some adults go into

summer hibernations (aestivation) for short periods during the hottest times of the year. In San

Bernardino County, ground squirrel activity has been observed year-round.

Compared to other pest rodents, ground squirrels have a unique annual life cycle. Most breed in

the late winter or early spring, shortly after emerging from hibernation and when fresh vegetation

is present. Breeding is relatively synchronized, with the vast majority of females conceiving within

about a six week period. Only one litter, averaging seven to eight young, is produced annually. The

gestation period is approximately 28 days. The young are born helpless in the underground nest

but mature rapidly enough to begin venturing above ground to feed at about six weeks of age.

Nursing females spend less time above ground than do the males.

Along with a unique life cycle, abrupt changes in the squirrel’s diet can occur and are very important

in their control with poison baits. California ground squirrels are well adapted to our Mediterranean

type climate and this is reflected in their natural diets. Ground squirrels are primarily vegetarians.

In spring, they feed nearly exclusively on the available lush green vegetation. This diet continues

throughout the breeding, gestation and nursing periods. When the annual grasses and forbs begin

to produce seed and dry up, there is a dramatic dietary shift, in most squirrels, from the vegetative

portions of the plant to eating seeds, grain, and fruits. Caching of nuts and seeds by the adults in

their burrows and in scattered freshly dug shallow pits is prevalent in the late summer and into the

fall of the year (Table 3).


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TABLE 3 – CALIFORNIA GROUND SQUIRREL SEASONAL ACTIVITIES AND CORRESPONDING RODENTICIDE MEASURE

WINTER SPRING SUMMER FALL

Ground Squirrel Adults Active

Breeding Season

Young Emerge

Green Forage

Seed Forage

Fumigation

Baits

4.2 POCKET GOPHERS

Pocket gophers live in a burrow system that can cover an area that is 200 to 2,000 square feet.

The burrows are about 2 1/2 to 3 1/2 inches in diameter. Feeding burrows usually are 6 to 12 inches

below ground, and the nest and food storage chamber can be as deep as 6 feet. Gophers seal the

openings to the burrow system with earthen plugs. Gophers don’t hibernate and are active year-

round. They also can be active at all hours of the day.

Gophers usually live alone within their burrow system, except when females are caring for their

young or during breeding season. Gopher densities can be as high as 60 or more per acre in

irrigated alfalfa fields or in vineyards. In non-irrigated areas, breeding usually occurs in late winter

and early spring, resulting in 1 litter per year; in irrigated sites, gophers can produce up to 3 liters

per year. Litters usually average 5 to 6 young.

Pocket gophers are herbivorous and feed on a wide variety of vegetation, but generally prefer

herbaceous plants, shrubs, and trees. Gophers use their sense of smell to locate food. Most

commonly they feed on roots and fleshy portions of plants they encounter while digging. However,

they sometimes feed aboveground, venturing only a body length or so from their tunnel opening.


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Burrow openings used in this manner are called “feed holes”, which can be identified by the

absence of a dirt mound and by a circular band of clipped vegetation around the hole.

All dams, levees, and channels must be maintained to ensure they meet all safety standards. The

SBCFCD has established a ‘zero tolerance threshold’ for all target species that may undermine

‘critical’ facilities’, as well as, other facilities where failure would impact public safety. In addition,

by taking advantage of the ground squirrel’s natural behavior of foraging up to 300 feet from its

burrow, it is the intent of SBCFCD to provide a relatively ground squirrel-free buffer of 100 to 200

feet adjacent to sensitive structures. Structural damage from burrows in non-levee channel banks

is not as likely to result in flooding compared to levees or dams; and therefore, they are not

considered as serious for the purposes of this IPM. However, for these ‘noncritical’ facilities, the

target species burrows may still contribute to slope failure, scouring, sloughing, and other structural

damage during high water events. Maintenance costs can be very high, and repair is often needed

during and after storm events. Therefore, SBCFCD designates a ‘low tolerance level’ for target

species damage - with the goal of having moderate to severe damage prevention. To accomplish

these maintenance goals, it is the objective of the IPM to provide procedures and guidelines, using

an adaptive management approach, to assure maximum protection to the environment and human

health on SBCFCD lands.

6.1 FEDERAL

The first federal pesticide control law was enacted in 1910. This law was primarily aimed at

protecting consumers from ineffective products and deceptive labeling. When the Federal

Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) was first passed in 1947, it established

procedures for registering pesticides with the U.S. Department of Agriculture and established

labeling provisions. FIFRA was essentially rewritten in 1972 when it was amended (Public Law

http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/T/V-MA-TSPP-CD.005.html


13

(P.L.) 92-516). The amended Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Act of 1972 requires

pesticide registration - whether or not a pesticide causes unreasonable adverse effects on man or

the environment. The act also made it illegal to use a registered pesticide in a manner inconsistent

with its labeling.

The FIFRA amendments recognized that some chemicals, while too dangerous for general use,

could be used safely with training. The legislation gave the US Environmental Protection Agency

(EPA) the flexibility to regulate pesticides beyond the choice of either registration or cancellation.

The EPA can assign pesticides into either general or restricted categories, with the latter group

available only to certified applicators. The use of both federal restricted-use pesticides (RUPs) and

California restricted materials is subject to limits. The law has been changed numerous times since

1972. In its current form, FIFRA mandates that the EPA regulates the use and sale of pesticides to

protect human health and preserve the environment. Thus, federal restrictions on RUPs, requiring

use only by certified applicators, are carried out through instructions on pesticide product labels.

However, because FIFRA does not fully preempt state/tribal or local law, each state/tribe and local

government may also regulate pesticide use.

6.2 STATE

Several rodenticides are registered for the control of California ground squirrels and pocket gophers

and may be used on SBCFCD facilities per this IPM. The California Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) Code

(Sec. 2118) classifies ground squirrels and pocket gophers as non-game mammals. They can be

controlled if threatening growing crops or other property using any legal means. However, California

law designates the California Department of Pesticide Regulation (CDPR) as the agency

responsible for delivering an effective statewide pesticide regulatory program.


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6.3 LOCAL In California, in addition to any mandates on product labels, control on state-listed restricted

materials is carried out through permits issued by the County Agricultural Commissioners (CAC)

under the direction and supervision of CDPR.

6.4 ENVIRONMENTAL

As a federal agency, the EPA is legally required by Section 7 of the U.S. Endangered Species Act

to ensure that its actions do not jeopardize a threatened or endangered listed species or adversely

modify their designated critical habitat. The EPA considers the effects on these protected species,

as well as other non-target species, in its analysis of pesticides during the pesticide registration

and re-registration review processes and includes information relevant to these species when it is

available in its registration eligibility decisions for pesticides. If the EPA finds through these reviews

that a pesticide "may affect" a listed species or its critical habitat, the agency must consult with the

United States Fish Wildlife Service (USFWS) for their biological opinion (BO). Pesticide use

requirements may be modified or restricted based on information from a BO.

It is part of CDPR’s regulatory program that supports certification, which is functionally equivalent

to an environmental impact report (EIR) under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).

Since 1998, the EPA has maintained the Endangered Species Protection Program, an effort that

geographically restricts application of certain pesticides within the critical habitat of specified

threatened and endangered species. Pesticide risks to endangered species within California are

evaluated by an interagency network that includes CDPR, the CDFW Pesticide Investigation Unit,

the Pesticide Registration and Evaluation Committee, as well as the EPA and USFWS. Under the

CDPR State Plan, protection strategies and local plans that resolve pesticide use conflicts are

developed using information on pesticide use distribution, endangered species distributions and

life history information, and USFWS biological opinions relating to pesticide use effects on

endangered species. The State Plan is implemented through the EPA County Bulletins (Bulletins

Live!) that incorporate the local plans as needed. Interim Measures Bulletins for California counties

are listed using the California Pesticide Information Portal Project (CalPIP) under the Endangered


15

Species Project of the CDPR website (http://calpip.cdpr.ca.gov/es_limits.cfm) and also provide

information on pesticide use limitations via the Pesticide Regulation's Endangered Species Custom

Real time internet Bulletin Engine (PRESCRIBE).

Rodenticides are pesticides designed to kill mice, rats and other rodents. Poison baits and burrow

fumigants represent the two major control options and form the basis for many IPMs (Dana 1962).

Although indirect control through habitat modification or manipulation, exclusion, and behavioral

modifications should always be considered, the adaptability of squirrels tends to limit the value of

these approaches so that they are used in relatively few situations. The primary methods of rodent

control utilized by SBCFCD will be rodenticide application. There are three main categories of

rodenticides: anticoagulants, acute toxicants, and fumigants. Anticoagulants can be further divided

into first and second generation rodenticides.

7.1 ANTICOAGULANTS

Grain treated with anticoagulant can either be spread (referred to as ‘broadcasting’) or placed within

a bait station where ground squirrels have access. First generation anticoagulants, such as

chlorophacinone, diphacinone, and warfarin - were developed beginning in 1950. In the 1970’s,

resistance to warfarin prompted the development of second generation anticoagulant rodenticides,

including the more widely used brodifacoum, bromadiolone, and difethialone.

The primary difference between the two generation anticoagulants is the amount of active

ingredient needed to produce death. All anticoagulants interfere with an animal's blood clotting

mechanism, eventually leading to death. The first generation rodenticides are cumulative and

require multiple feedings over the course of 3-5 days. If these toxicants are not consumed within

3-5 days after they were first ingested, mortality will likely not occur. In contrast to first-generation

anticoagulants, second generation anticoagulants are more toxic and require only a single feeding

to kill most target pests. However, mortality does not occur for up to 5 days post consumption, so

time to death is equivalent for both classes of anticoagulants. Rodents can continue to consume


16

bait over the time period prior to death, increasing the potential anticoagulant build-up in body

tissues (bioaccumulation). Because second generation anticoagulants bioaccumulate in target

species, they pose an increased risk for exposure to scavengers and predators. Conversely, with

its multiple feeding mechanisms, first generation anticoagulants are often considered to have the

least impact on non-target vertebrates. As of July 1, 2014, rodenticide products containing second

generation anticoagulant active ingredients can only be sold by licensed dealers and purchased by

certified applicators.

For many years, diphacinone treated oat bait for ground squirrel control has been produced by

various counties under a 24C (Special Exemption) label maintained by the California Department

of Food and Agriculture (CDFA). Both 50 ppm and 100 ppm formulations with each active ingredient

(a.i.) are currently produced. The 100 ppm products are now labeled for spot baiting only. The 50

ppm formulations are approved for spot baiting and in bait stations. SBCFCD will apply two

strengths - 0.005% for use within bait stations and the stronger (0.01%) concentration for

broadcasting. Both are available to public works agencies through the San Bernardino County

Department of Agriculture. One requirement of the USEPA Pesticide Assessment Guidelines

(Section G: 96-12) is that rodenticides be at least 70% effective against the target species when

used according to label directions. If this requirement is not met (e.g. resistance), other pesticides

will be considered. Due to their toxicity, no second generation anticoagulants will be used within

any of the SBCFCD facilities. All rodenticide will be used following label instructions.

7.2 ACUTE TOXICANTS

Acute toxicants (including zinc phosphide and strychnine) can also be added to bait and broadcast

or used within bait stations. It can cause death after a single feeding, often within a few hours of

consumption. Many of these pesticides are ‘Restricted Use’ materials, requiring a special

applicators certificate or license to purchase and apply them. Due to the restrictions placed on

acute toxicants, their use has not been as frequent as anticoagulant rodenticides. SBCFCD uses

the acute toxicant, strychnine, which legally can only be used to control pocket gophers and must

be placed underground in gopher burrows.


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7.3 FUMIGANTS Fumigants are toxic gases or vapors that are lethal when introduced into a burrow system. This

method produces positive results when conditions and circumstances are conducive to its usage.

SBCFCD uses two types of fumigants - carbon monoxide producing gas cartridges and aluminum

phosphate. The gas cartridges are used within ground squirrel burrows and do not require any

special licensing since they are considered fairly safe to use and relatively non-toxic except for the

gas produced while burning. Another well-used registered burrow fumigant used by SBCFCD for

gopher control is aluminum phosphide. Aluminum phosphide is a restricted use material and can

only be administered by a state licensed individual.

8.1 PRE RODENTICIDE APPLICATION 8.1.1 PESTICIDE TRAINING AND CERTIFICATION The FIFRA of 1972, as amended, requires that all personnel applying restricted-use pesticide are

certified in the use of these pesticides or under the direct supervision of certified applicators.

Additionally, it will be the policy of SBCFCD that all personnel involved in supervising or applying

pesticides is adequately trained to handle pesticides and equipment properly. Furthermore, all

pesticides, including non-restricted pesticides, shall be applied only by certified PCO or under the

direct supervision of a PCO. This ensures that control measures are applied with maximum safety,

efficiency, and economy. Continued training and appropriate certification of personnel is required

by law for all pest control advisors and qualified applicators in order to keep their licenses and

certificates current. This education is in the areas of laws and regulations and pest control methods

to safeguard against misuse, prevent contamination of the environment, and protect public lands.


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8.1.2 ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING PROGRAM All SBCFCD employees that are involved in pesticide use will attend annual environmental training

sessions, as well as, on an as-needed basis. These training sessions will be performed by the

SBCFCD EMD staff and will include a review of background material, permit conditions, and

instructions on how to avoid impacts on biological resources. Specific meetings may also be

conducted in the field to review appropriate management protocols (avoidance and protection

measures) in environmentally sensitive areas.

8.2 IPM RODENTICIDE APPLICATION PROCESS The first step in the decision making process will begin with a flow chart (Figure 1) which requires

the PCO to review the Facility Pesticide Use Table 16. The Facility Pesticide Use Table is a

compilation of Best Management Practices (BMP) required by law and found on the California

Department of Pesticide Regulation (CDPR) PRESCRIBE database according to facility location.

The Facility Pesticide Use Table also includes BMPs self-imposed by the SBCFCD. These self-

imposed BMP’s cover any gaps in the CDPR PRESCRIBE website; and afford greater attention to

sensitive species habitats. Once the BMP’s are identified, the flow chart directs the PCO to

consider seasonality, ground squirrel population size, facility and adjacent habitat size. SBCFCD

ecologists, the PCO and SBCFCD staff partner with implementation of the BMP’s.

The SBCFCD pest control program will effectively prevent target species damage to facilities

utilizing anticoagulant bait stations, bait broadcasting, fumigation, or habitat modification. The

control procedure selected will depend heavily upon the number of burrows, size of the infested

area, type of facility (natural or concrete), potential presence of sensitive species, and potential for

vandalism. For example, many of SBCFCD facilities are linear concrete lined channel, in which a

small section will be impacted by ground squirrels. The PCO will hand broadcast rodenticide in the

affected area instead of installing bait stations. This will reduce the cost, effort and impact of the

treatment. It will be the responsibility of the PCO to determine which method will be effective given

the current site conditions, season, annual weather pattern, and CDPR and District required BMP’s.


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FIGURE 1 – A DECISION FLOWCHART FOR RODENTICIDE USE WITHIN SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY FLOOD CONTROL FACILITIES.

8.2.1 TIMING

8.2.1.1 BAIT STATION AND BROADCASTING

Poison baits may be most valuable when ground squirrels’ diet is primarily seed, or about mid-April

to fall in southern California, but may be delayed in years of heavy or late spring rains. Also vitamin

K, the antidote for anticoagulants, is found in green grasses that are foraged by ground squirrels in

springtime and thus, anticoagulants may not be effective during this season. It should be noted that


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there may be instances where certain SBCFCD facilities can have grain bait acceptance all year

due to lack of available green food sources.

8.2.1.2 FUMIGATION

There are conditions when using other alternatives to fumigation may be appropriate. Burrow

fumigation is ineffective when squirrels are hibernating (winter) or aestivating (summer) due to the

squirrel internally plugging their burrow at these times. Additionally, gas may not be contained

within the burrow system during the summer months because it does not diffuse into small cracks

that are often present in dry soil. Most fumigants also have associated fire hazards, which make

using them when the vegetation is dry, unwise. Conversely, spring, when the soil moisture tends

to be high, is when fumigation gases can be sufficiently sealed and held by the substrate.

Fumigating at this time is also more effective, especially when used early following the emergence

from hibernation and before the females have their young. Every female killed prior to parturition

means seven to eight fewer young which must be removed later if the control is delayed until after

the young are active above ground.

On dry lands, gopher breeding is restricted to spring, but in irrigated alfalfa fields, studies show that

gophers breed throughout the year, with peak periods in early winter, spring and summer (Loeb

1990). Control may be applied effectively at any time, as no significant or consistent differences in

acceptance or kill, were detected in testing the same formulas, during different seasons of the year.

Late fall, shortly after the first heavy rains, and preceding the early winter and spring peaks in

breeding, is an especially favorable season for control. At this time, too, the gophers renew

burrowing activity producing abundant fresh mounds and the vegetation is low so that active gopher

systems can easily be located. Another advantageous time for gopher control is in June, preceding

the summer breeding peak (Miller 1950).

8.2.2 RODENTICIDE BAIT STATION Bait stations are utilized in an estimated 60% of the SBCFCD rodenticide applications. Conditions

in which bait stations are warranted include: facilities which have a large ground squirrel infestation,


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facilities in which are known to have had historic ground squirrel problems, facilities which are

adjacent to open fields or undeveloped areas which harbor a source population of ground squirrels

and in large facilities where the ground squirrel population can encompass the entire facility.

CALIFORNIA GROUND SQUIRRELS

A significantly higher percentage of squirrels will be killed when pre baiting is conducted in advance

of control. Pre baiting is the application of clean (non-toxic) grain of the same kind as used in the

poison bait. The clean grain, usually oat grains, is placed on the bare ground next to each active

squirrel burrow entrance. This is done to familiarize the squirrels with the grain and to get them to

readily accept and consume it. When the squirrels are reluctant feeders, they feed more slowly and

this may result in the animal becoming ill and stop feeding prior to consuming a lethal dose. This

nonfatal illness produces what is referred to as "bait/toxicant shyness" in the squirrel and bait shy

squirrels will reject bait upon subsequent exposures.

To test for bait acceptance, the prescribed spoonful amount of untreated oat groats will be scattered

on bare ground within a 10 ft2 plot surrounding an active burrow entrance. Nelson et al. (2012)

found that of 10 sites that used this method, all sites had bait acceptance of ≥75% by the second

day of testing. Thus, clean bait will be applied no less than three to five days in advance of poison

baiting. Should the pre bait not be consumed, the baiting will be postponed, as the timing may be

too early and the squirrels are not yet taking seed.

Once ground squirrel activity occurs, as evidenced by clean bait consumption and other

observations, bait stations will be used on dam and levee slopes. Bait stations are small structures

that the squirrel must enter to eat the bait. They contain sufficient bait for repeated feedings, while

lowering the risk of exposure to people, pets, and some wildlife species. Bait stations can be

constructed from any durable material and in a variety of designs. Tamper-resistant squirrel bait

stations will either be purchased commercially or constructed of PVC pipe.

Bait stations will be placed in areas frequented by ground squirrels near runways or burrows.

Because ground squirrels usually stay within 150 feet of their burrow system, placement is


22

important so all squirrels will have access to bait. If ground squirrels are noticeable throughout the

area, the stations will be placed at intervals of 100 to 200 feet. It usually takes a number of days

before squirrels become accustomed to and enter the bait box. Once the bait stations have been

installed, they will first have clean bait placed within them to encourage squirrels to enter. Once it

has been established that the bait has been accepted, the station will be monitored - with

anticoagulant baits generally requiring at a minimum two to four weeks to be effective at reducing

the population.

The SBCFCD uses the anticoagulant, diphacinone, for ground squirrel eradication. Ground

squirrels require multiple doses over several days to ingest a lethal amount of anticoagulant. If bait

stations provide only one or two doses, the anticoagulant can build up in the tissues of the ground

squirrel, increasing the opportunity for secondary poisonings. Further benefits of this method

include reduced diphacinone-treated grain waste and less exposure to non-target animals.

Therefore the bait in the stations will be replenished regularly so that there is always an ample

supply. Baiting will continue until the established threshold is met for that facility.

8.2.2.1 ADVANTAGES/DISADVANTAGES Efficacy: Bait stations with diaphacinone are expected to meet the ‘zero tolerance threshold’

for critical facilities.

Hazards: By using clean bait to monitor ground squirrel activity and diluting the

treated grain, primary and secondary poisoning risks are drastically reduced compared to

the customary bait station protocol. These hazards are not completely eliminated, however,

and considered low to moderate overall.


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8.2.3 RODENTICIDE BROADCAST BAITING

CALIFORNIA GROUND SQUIRRELS

As an alternative method to bait stations, anticoagulant baiting may be broadcast in areas adjacent

to facilities where a small area with a few active burrows, or an area known to have high vandalism.

Broadcasting will only occur outside of sensitive species habitats.

Ground squirrels are excellent foragers for seeds. Spot and broadcast baiting uses this behavior to

apply bait over the area where squirrels live and feed. Broadcast methods typically use much less

bait material to achieve control than bait stations; however, repeated spot baiting may be needed

to be effective in controlling ground squirrels. If this method is used, only diphacinone bait product

that specifies spot or broadcast baiting on the product label will be applied.

Bait will be spread by hand using a spoon or cup around the squirrel burrows or in their runways.

Mechanical seed broadcasters may also be used to spread bait evenly over the area around the

squirrel burrows or runways. With both of these methods, the bait will be spread very sparsely

(approximately three to four grain kernels per square foot). This is sufficient for squirrels to find it,

but too sparse for most other wildlife, including birds. The treated grain will also be colored and

crimped, making it undesirable to most non-target wildlife.

Feeding is not required to be on consecutive days. Extensive field studies by Salmon et al. (2002)

using a spot baiting strategy of two treatments separated by three days resulted in lower mean

residue levels of diphacinone than typical baiting methods. This translates to a direct and significant

reduction in secondary hazard. Once feeding begins, the squirrel usually dies in five to six days.

For optimal lethal effects, several feedings should occur within a 10-day period, with no longer than

48 hours between feedings.

POCKET GOPHERS


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Bait placement is the key to a successful toxic baiting program against pocket gophers. Because

gophers spend most of their time below ground, the bait will not be traditionally broadcast. In

particular, the bait should be placed in the main underground tunnel, not the lateral tunnels. After

locating the main gopher tunnel with a probe, the probe will be rotated to enlarge the opening.

Strychnine-treated grain is the most common type of bait used for pocket gopher control.

After placing strychnine in the main tunnel, the probe hole will be closed with sod, rocks, or some

other material that excludes light while preventing dirt from falling on the bait. Several bait

placements within a burrow system will be placed to increase success. Strychnine is lethal with a

single feeding so carcass recovery searches are not anticipated. Existing mounds will be tamped

down, so new activity can be distinguished. If new mounds appear more than 2 days after the

strychnine application, additional baiting will occur.

8.2.3.1 ADVANTAGES/DISADVANTAGES

Efficacy: This method of anticoagulant treatment is expected to meet the ‘zero tolerance

threshold’ for critical facilities.

Hazards: Primary and secondary poisoning risks are drastically reduced compared to the

customary baiting protocols. Primary hazards to non-target wildlife remain, but are lower

due to the small amount of bait used. For gophers, because they have fairly distinct burrows

and the use of a high potency pesticide will cause death below ground; the potential for

primary and secondary poisoning of non-target species is low. Hazards to non-target

animals are not completely eliminated; however, and are considered low to moderate.

8.2.4 FUMIGATION

One way to conserve fumigants and speed up the actual application is to first go over the area

intended for treatment and fill in all of the burrow entrances with sod or soil. This helps identify

active from inactive burrow entrances, which are often difficult to identify by physical evidence early


25

in spring. Once this is performed, after three days, all of the reopened burrow systems will be

treated. This eliminates the waste of fumigant which would have been applied needlessly to

incomplete or abandoned systems.

The target species can be killed in their burrows by several types of toxic gases. For squirrels, the

U.S. Department of Agriculture produces a relatively safe and easy to use smoke/gas sodium

nitrate cartridge designed for fumigating burrowing rodents. The cartridge is a mixture of chemicals

which, when ignited, produce a suffocating gas. For gophers, fumigation with smoke or gas

cartridges is usually ineffective, because they quickly seal off their burrow when they detect smoke

or gas. Thus, the only recommended fumigant for use on pocket gophers is aluminum phosphide.

The gas cartridge will be placed within the active squirrel burrow, while gopher burrows will be

treated with the prescribed number of tablets, averaging 2-4 aluminum phosphide tablets or pellets,

depending on the system size, which will tossed into the burrow entrance with a gloved hand.

Entrances will be filled with sod or soil and tamped firmly (Salmon and Bentley 1982). With all

burrow fumigants, it may be necessary to go over the treated area approximately three days

following the application to determine if any survivors have dug out. All such holes will be retreated

and sealed. Generally, a second treatment is all that is needed, but in order to maximize control,

an additional follow-up may be required. Once the site has been adequately eradicated of target

species, any remaining burrows will be destroyed to discourage reestablishment of a colony.

8.2.4.1 ADVANTAGES/ DISADVANTAGES

Efficacy: Fumigation may not achieve the public safety goal for critical facilities because it

occurs after a burrow has already been excavated in an engineered structure. Conversely,

fumigation of rodent burrows on lands adjacent to critical facilities could be beneficial by

maintaining low source populations of ground squirrels. This method could also be used on

non-critical facilities prior to repair of the facility.

The key to successful fumigation is detecting and treating all active burrows. Ground squirrel

burrows can be extensive with many entrances; each must be treated and/or closed. Also,


26

the efficacy of fumigation is low where rip-rap and other surface treatments (soil cement,

cement slab, etc.) make identification of, and access to burrows, difficult.

Hazards: Fumigants create a significant fire hazard and are considered unsafe when used

near flammable materials, such as dry grass. Fumigation poses primary hazards to non-

target species in rodent burrows, while little or no secondary hazards to non-target species

because the rodents die underground. Overall hazards are considered moderate due to

toxicity and potential to kill non-target species in the burrows.

8.2.5 HABITAT MODIFICATION

Ground squirrels are generally found in open areas, although they do use some cover when

available. To maintain structural integrity, and for inspection purposes, some SBCFCD facilities

may be managed with the goal to minimize vegetation. This results in site conditions that are highly

conducive for ground squirrel occupation. In general, practices that discourage ground squirrel

establishment can include: flood irrigation, planting thick brush, and destroying vacant burrows to

discourage reuse. Only the latter is practiced by the SBCFCD since the others interfere with

maintenance standards.

When the target species have been euthanized from either burrow fumigation or poisoning,

dispersing individuals will readily recolonize the empty burrows. Habitat manipulation using cleared

gravel pathways, barrier fences, and certain vegetation types have been tested for ground squirrel

and pocket gopher control. Data suggest that although habitat modification may reduce the rodent

population or presence, this method by itself does not result in population reduction, or repellency

that is needed to adequately protect facilities. Once the target species have been controlled, the

facility may be graded or the substrate compacted to restore the engineered design and discourage

reestablishment of the target species.



27

Efficacy: Safety standards require that squirrels and their burrows be prevented so as to not

damage critical dam and levee facilities. However, destroying neighboring burrows is an

effective IPM tool that substantially slows reinvasion. Likewise, on facilities that do not need

the ‘zero threshold tolerance’, compaction may be an adequate deterrent to decreasing the

rodent population.

Hazards: Burrow destruction can harm non-target species that use rodent burrows, but

overall hazards are considered low because no toxins are used.

8.2.6 BIOLOGICAL CONTROL Many predators - including hawks, eagles, owls, rattlesnakes, and coyotes - eat ground squirrels

and pocket gophers. In certain situations, predator use may be encouraged in conjunction with

more effective eradication methods. Some possible habitat amenities include raptor perches and

boxes.


Efficacy: Predators have co-evolved with rodent prey, and each species has developed

elaborate strategies to hunt prey or to evade predators. These predators alone would fail to

keep the target populations below the level at which they become pests.

Hazards: Encouraging raptor and other predator use where SBCFCD uses anticoagulant

bait may result in secondary poisoning of predators. Since biocontrol will not be used at any

facility where anticoagulant is being used, the overall hazard risk is low.

A summary of the different methods of rodent removal considered, along with the positive and

negative attributes, are listed in Table 4.

TABLE 4 – A SUMMARY OF THE SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY FLOOD CONTROL IPM METHODS


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TREATMENT SEASON* EFFICACY** HAZARDS COST***

METHOD

POTENTIALLY USED

Trapping F,W,S High to Moderate Low $$$

Fumigate W High to Moderate Moderate $ X

Broadcast Anticoagulant S, SU, F High Moderate $$ X

Habitat Modification ALL Moderate Low $$$ X

Biological Control ALL Low Low $ X

* F = Fall, W=Winter, S=Spring, Su= Summer ** Efficacy for each method requires an appropriate set of circumstances. *** Cost estimates are for one treatment event for a typical facility. 8.3 POST RODENTICIDE APPLICATION

8.3.1 CARCASS RECOVERY Once feeding begins, ground squirrels typically die in five to six days. Although most ground

squirrels die in their burrows, carcass recovery searches will minimize secondary exposure to

predatory wildlife. In some facilities the CDPR requires BMP CDPR-1D, which requires carcass

survey and disposal performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial

exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of in a landfill. Carcass surveys

shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more

carcasses are found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such

as fleas. Any dead raptors or other non-target wildlife found in the treated area during the carcass

surveys shall be turned over to CDFW pesticide lab for analysis and reported to the Ontario CDFW

office.

8.3.2 MONITORING The purpose of monitoring is to track pest activity, to document the impact of various management

actions, and evaluate the data in order to make informed decisions about the most effective and

environmentally sound methods for solving rodent problems. As part of the IPM program, the


29

SBCFCD will routinely inventory target species activity for each maintained facility after rodent

control has been conducted. The target species recover quickly because they are R-selective,

meaning they have ecological adaptions that allow for rapid population growth with larger litter

sizes, high death rates, and constant immigration (dispersal) from outside areas.

Inspections and swift adaptive management to monitor ground squirrel activity is essential in control

of populations and reduction of impacts. The PCO and SBCFCD staff will monitor and note burrows

and holes, squirrels and gophers, adjacent food/habitat sources, vandalism, amount of bait

consumed/applied and wildlife species.

Bait consumption is indicative of the intensity of activity. If a large ground squirrel population exists,

the bait stations will be monitored approximately every two weeks; while in an area with a lower

density of individuals will be checked at the next scheduled inspection (~30 days). At re-inspection,

the bait stations will be refilled to ensure sufficient bait is available to the squirrel population. Areas

with broadcasted bait will be flagged for routine inspections and retreatment if necessary.

Following fumigation, re-inspection/re-treatment will occur for closed burrow systems after two days

and for open burrow systems re-inspect after a day.

Critical facilities will need to be re inspected frequently for rodent damage and rodent populations

every two weeks, throughout the year. Non-critical facility inspection schedules will vary based on

type, location, and overall threat from ground squirrels nearby, but will generally occur once every

three months. Inspection schedules typically vary seasonally, with more frequent inspections during

the spring.

8.3.3 REPORTS

Complete daily pesticide application and pest management operations records shall be maintained,

as required by the FIFRA and 7 U.S.C.136i-1; all records shall be archived after 2 years for

permanent retention. The report will list for each application:


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Date and time of the application

Brand name of the pesticide

Technical name of the pesticide

EPA certification numbers

MSDS and product labels for each pesticide used

Target organism (scientific and common name)

Where the pesticide was purchased

The amount of pesticide used

Concentration of the pesticide used

Name of the applicator or contractor

Equipment used to apply the pesticide

Where the pesticide was applied

The size of the area treated

The PCO will prepare an annual document summarizing the findings to EMD. EMD will create a

final report for the County Agricultural Commissioner's Office and the CDFW that will entail:

Detailed pesticide usage data;

The reduction in pesticide use and how well the target of a specific pesticide use was

reached;

Discussions of methods being used to reduce pesticide usage; and

An update of the IPM Plan.


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Adaptive management approaches will be key in developing flexible pest management

strategies. Where options are limited, special efforts, such as the precise timing of control

and the use of the best materials and equipment used by well-trained applicators,

becomes even more important to maximize results. More specifically, each rodenticide

method will be discussed further on the potential adverse effects to sensitive non-target

species along with the best alternatives.

9.1 WATER QUALITY

SBCFCD will conduct rodenticide application in accordance with all laws, as well as

integrate best management practices (BMPs). The following non-point source pollution

control avoidance and minimization measures, or BMPs, have been developed to

minimize impacts to California water quality and will be applied to all facilities where

rodent removal is occurring (Table 8).

BMP WQ-1: Definite boundaries, including buffer strip along all water bodies and waterways will be established.

The buffer width will depend on the best professional judgement of either the

SBCFCD PCO and/or an ecologist, given the pesticide used, method of

application, climatic conditions, and form applied.

BMP WQ-2: Rodenticide Will Be Applied in Accordance With the Label Directions and Applicable Legal Requirements

This measure is designed to prevent water contamination by complying with all

label instructions and restrictions. The PCO licensed by the State of California is

responsible for ensuring that label directions are followed with no rodenticide

entering a body of water.


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BMP WQ-3: Rodenticide Spill Contingency Planning

This measure is designed to ensure that contingency plans are prepared before

project implementation in order to minimize contamination of water or non-target

areas from accidental pesticide spills.

BMP WQ-4: Cleaning and Disposal of Rodenticide Containers and Equipment

This measure is intended to prevent the contamination of water or non-target areas

from cleaning or disposal of rodenticide containers. The PCO is responsible for

ensuring that label directions are followed regarding cleaning and disposal of

rodenticide containers.

TABLE 8 – THE WATER QUALITY BMPs USED BY SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT WHERE RODENTICIDE IS USED

CODE

MEASURE

WQ-1

Definite boundaries, including buffer strip along all water bodies and waterways will be established.

WQ-2 The Rodenticide Applicator licensed by the State of California and assigned to supervise the project is responsible for ensuring that label directions are followed

WQ-3 A contingency plan will be prepared in order to minimize contamination of water or non-

target areas from accidental pesticide spills.

WQ-4 The Rodenticide Applicator licensed by the State of California and assigned to supervise

the project is responsible for ensuring that label directions are followed regarding cleaning and disposal of rodenticide containers.


33

9.2 BIOLOGICAL – GENERAL

To avoid and minimize impacts to non-target species, the following BMPs will be

implemented (Table 9). The general biological BMPs will occur at all SBCFCD facilities

where rodenticide is used.

TABLE 9 – THE GENERAL BIOLOGICAL BMPs USED BY SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT WHERE RODENTICIDE IS USED.

CODE

GENERAL BIOLOGY BPM

GEN BIO-1 Annual training of personnel related to use of rodenticides.

GEN BIO-2 Second generation anticoagulants will not be used.

GEN BIO-3 The placement of stations shall be chosen to prevent direct access to stations by non-target species; with monitoring and station removal when objectives are achieved.

9.3 BIOLOGICAL – SENSITIVE SPECIES

The presence of federally or state sensitive species can have a significant impact on the

control of the target species. The California Natural Diversity Database (CNDBB) and the

Biogeographic Information and Observation System (BIOS) were reviewed to determine

the recorded occurrences of sensitive non-target species within, or in close proximity, to

each of the flood facilities. Finally, EMD assigned the facilities a rank for the potential

likelihood of these sensitive non-target species to occur given the habitat suitability and

surrounding landscape.

Once the potential sensitive non-target species were identified, avoidance and

minimization measures, or best management practices (BMP), to reduce the risk of

rodenticide usage in these areas was determined. A Facility Pesticide Use Table was

created with CDPR’s pesticide use limitations and potential sensitive species BMP’s to


34

easily assess the potential constraints for each facility. These resources will be reviewed

prior to any treatment being performed.

A Biological Opinion (USFWS 1993) was issued that included jeopardy determinations

for certain species that may be potentially exposed via primary or secondary exposure

to 17 vertebrate agents, including diphacinone. For each species addressed, the USFWS

determined either that use of the rodenticide "is likely to jeopardize" or "is not likely to

jeopardize" its continued existence. For the likely-to-jeopardize determinations, the

USFWS provided "reasonable and prudent alternatives" that preclude jeopardy but still

allow use of the rodenticide. These alternatives represent the best professional

judgement of the measures necessary to provide the appropriate level of protection to

the species.

Usually, the likelihood of discovering an individual death attributable to pesticides is very

small. In those situations where the USFWS anticipated that the discovery of a carcass

of a particular species is likely, they established a specific level of take (e.g. number of

individuals) which might occur as a result of the rodenticide action. Because of the small

size, unique habitat and secretive nature of many listed species, it was concluded that it

was highly unlikely that the USFWS would ever discover individual deaths. Thus, in most

instances, the USFWS did not expect to discover a precise number of dead or sub lethally

affected species attributable to pesticides. Given this, it was difficult for the USFWS to

establish an anticipated level of take typically required when issuing a BO. In those

situations where the USFWS believed take may occur, but was not able to assign a

specific number to that take, an "unquantifiable" level of take was assigned, indicating

that the take is unavoidable but unquantifiable.

To ensure protection for species assigned a level of unquantifiable take; the USFWS must

have a mechanism to reinitiate consultation. Since it is so unlikely that take resulting from

pesticide use will ever be quantified, they concluded that if even one dead specimen is

discovered whose death is attributable to the legal use of pesticides, then use of that


35

pesticide must cease in all occupied habitat of the species and consultation on that

chemical for that species must be reinitiated. Furthermore, it was concluded that take

above the authorized level of one, if occurring in a single event, was not a violation of

section 9 of the Act as long as the terms and conditions as specified in the ‘reasonable

and prudent measures’ of the BO were followed.

Although most of the sensitive species covered within the BO, with the exception of the

desert tortoise, do not occur in SBCFCD facilities, many are similar where inferences can

be made. More precisely, the USFWS prepared an opinion on the Fresno kangaroo rat

(Dipodomys nitratoides), giant kangaroo rat (Dipodomys ingens), and Tipton kangaroo

rat (Dipodomys nitratoides nitratoides); however, the San Bernardino kangaroo rat

(Dipodomys merriami parvus) was not federally listed until 1999, nearly six years after

the BO was issued. Likewise, the Amargosa vole (Microtus californicus scirpensis), a

species highly endemic to isolated wetland habitat along the Mojave River, was covered

in the 1993 BO; while the Mojave River vole (Microtus californicus mohavensis), also a

vole that is highly restricted to wetlands within a narrow stretch of the Mojave River, has

yet to be federally listed. Table 10 below illustrates the species addressed in the BO and

the equivalent species that is covered within the IPM.

TABLE 10 – THE SPECIES COVERED IN THE USFWS BIOLOGICAL OPINION (1993) AND THE CORRESPONDING SPECIES COVERED IN THE SBCFCD INTEGRETION PEST MANAGEMENT PLAN

SENSITIVE SPECIES COVERED IN SBCFCD IPM

(COMMON NAME)

FEDERAL SPECIES COVERED (COMMON

NAME) REASONING

Burrowing Owl N/A State species not covered in federal BO

Desert Tortoise Desert Tortoise Same Species

Mohave Ground Squirrel Delmarza fox squirrel

Carolina northern flying squirrel

Both squirrels that will consume bait if presented

Mojave River Vole Amargosa vole Have similar feeding and habitat requirements


36

San Bernardino Kangaroo Rat

Fresno kangaroo rat Giant kangaroo rat Tipton kangaroo rat

Stephen’s kangaroo rat

Kangaroo rats that feed on seeds and live in burrows

Santa Ana Sucker N/A Not federally listed at the time

Southern Rubber Boa Puerto Rica Boa Both feed on rodents

Southwestern Pond Turtle

N/A State sensitive species not covered in federal

BO

Table 11 shows generally, some of the non-target species that may be affected within

the SBCFCD facilities given the type of rodenticide used, along with the corresponding

USFWS ‘reasonable and prudent measure’ to decrease the likelihood of jeopardizing

the species.


37

TABLE 11 – THE POTENTIAL NON-TARGET COVERED SPECIES USING VARIOUS METHODS OF RODENTICIDE CONTROL ALONG WITH USFWS REASONABLE AND PRUDENT MEASURES

HAZARD CLASS

USFWS BIOLOGICAL OPINION REFERENCE SPECIES

SBCFCD COVERED SENSITIVE SPECIES OTHER POTENTIAL SPECIES RISK USFWS BIOLOGICAL OPINION (1993)

REASONABLE AND PRUDENT MEASURE(S)

Grain Rodenticide (Diaphacinone, Strychnine)

Granivorous Birds (GB)

N/A finches; grosbeaks, towhees;

sparrows

Carnivorous Birds (CB)

N/A Burrowing Owl hawks (red-tailed, red

shouldered, Cooper); falcons (kestrel)

May present hazards to raptors that consume poisoned rodents.

Granivorous Mammals

(GM)

Kangaroo Rats:

Fresno kangaroo rat Giant kangaroo rat Tipton kangaroo rat


Voles:

Hualapai Mexican vole Amargosa vole

Squirrel:

Delmarva fox squirrel

Other:

N/A

Kangaroo Rats:

San Bernardino kangaroo rat

Voles:

Mojave River Vole

Squirrel:

Mohave Ground Squirrel

Squirrels (flying and round- tailed); chipmunks; kangaroo rats, deer mice; wood rats;

deer

Exposure from registered uses can occur when the sensitive species eats bait from

bait boxes. This action is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the

species.

Prohibit the use of pesticide within 100 yards of the occupied habitat (vole) or

within known occupied habitat (squirrel)

Carnivorous Mammals

(CM)

coyotes; bobcats; mountain lions


38

Carnivorous Reptiles

(CR) Puerto Rica Boa Southern Rubber Boa Snakes

Prohibit the use of pesticide within 100 yards of the boa occupied habitat

Aquatic Species

(AS) N/A

Santa Ana Sucker; Speckled Dace

frogs; toads

Aquatic toxicity: Very toxic to fish and other aquatic invertebrates and the use of

ground liquid sprays poses a hazard to listed species if applied within or adjacent

to their habitat where runoff or drift can occur.

Fumigant (Aluminum Phosphide; Gas Cartridges)

Fossorial Species

(FS)

Desert Tortoise Desert Tortoise Registered application for rodents since tortoise burrows, though

they are much larger in size, may be accidentally treated.

Shall be used within the desert tortoise occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be

limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target

species from those of non-target species.

Kangaroo Rats: Fresno kangaroo rat Giant kangaroo rat Tipton kangaroo rat


Voles: Hualapai Mexican vole

Other:

N/A

Kangaroo Rats:

San Bernardino kangaroo rat

Voles: Mojave River Vole

Other:

Mohave Ground Squirrel

Burrowing Owl

Inadvertent application to kangaroo rat burrows during control of field in occupied habitats. Adverse effects could be significant because of ( 1) their high toxic ty ( 100 %

mortality in treated burrows is expected); (2) the frequency of ground squirrel control programs in areas

occupied by species; and (3) the fact that each of these kangaroo rats occupy habitats that are significantly

restricted and/or fragmented.

Shall be used within the desert tortoise occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be

limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target



39

In addition to the water quality and biological impacts, in areas of designated critical

habitat, known occupancy, or areas of high habitat suitability for the non-target sensitive

species, certain BMPs based on the USFWS ‘reasonable and prudent measure’ , as well

as, each species biology, will be implemented (Table 12, Table 16, Table 17 and Table

18).

9.3.1 SAN BERNARDINO KANGAROO RAT

Reports of kangaroo rats climbing or jumping are limited to a few anecdotal accounts

(Lemen and Freeman 1985, 1986; Williams 1992). Elevating the entrances to bait stations

is therefore, considered as a way to exclude kangaroo rats, while allowing access by

California ground squirrels, which are good climbers (Marsh 1994a). A number of designs

for elevated bait stations have been proposed, but the effectiveness of these stations in

excluding kangaroo rats has not been well documented. The simple, low cost inverted "T"

bait stations was one of the only to be effective in excluding kangaroo rats from entering

(Whisson 1998).

Modified “T” baiting stations may be used at certain SBCFCD facilities. A 45 -degree PVC

elbows and pipe will be placed on each entrance of the traditional “T” station such that

the entrance to the station is 12 inches above ground level (Figure 2). Ground squirrels

generally begin visiting these bait stations at the same time as they would visit the

traditional station (4-6 days). In the event that ground squirrels do not visit the modified

station, the extension will be removed, and the station pre-baited with clean (i.e., no

poison) grain. Once the squirrels begin feeding from the station, the extensions will be

replaced and the poison grain added.


40

FIGURE 2 - A MODIFIED“T” BAIT STATION DESIGNED TO USE FOR RODENTICIDE TREATMENT WHERE ENDANGERED KANGAROO RATS MAY BE PRESENT. (Whisson 1998)

Other measures include no broadcasting will be performed. In addition, if fumigation is to

occur, all burrows will be identified by a qualified individual prior to rodenticide application.

Such persons shall be limited to qualified wildlife biologists trained to distinguish burrows

of kangaroo rats from those of the target species.

9.3.2 BURROWING OWL

Prior to rodent control measures being employed, a qualified biologist shall conduct a pre-

application survey to determine the presence of burrowing owls or their sign (burrows,

white wash, pellets). Gas shall be used only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall

be limited to qualified wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target



41

9.3.3 MOHAVE GROUND SQUIRREL

Within areas that have been identified as having high potential for the Mohave ground

squirrel, no rodenticide practices will be performed from April-June when the squirrels

may be active. When Mohave squirrels are not active, all gopher holes will be identified

by a qualified individual prior to rodenticide application. No broadcasting will be

performed. Gas shall be used only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited

to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those

of non-target species.

9.3.4 DESERT TORTOISE

Gas shall be applied only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife

biologists trained to distinguish desert tortoise dens and burrows from those of the target

species.

9.3.5 MOJAVE RIVER VOLE

Grain pesticide will be prohibited within 100 yards of occupied habitat. If fumigation is

used, the application will be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish Mojave River

vole burrows from those of target species.


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TABLE 12 – THE COVERED SENSITIVE SPECIES BMPs USED BY SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT WHERE RODENTICIDE IS USED.

CODE MEASURE SOURCE

SAN BERNARDINO KANGAROO RAT

SEN BIO-1 Only modified “T” bait stations for ground squirrels will be used (Figure 2).

SBCFCD

SEN BIO-2 If fumigation is to occur, all gopher holes will be identified by a qualified individual prior to rodenticide application.

SBCFCD

SEN BIO-3 No broadcasting will be performed. SBCFCD

SEN BIO-4

Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species

USFWS Biological Opinion (1993)

SANTA ANA SUCKER

SEN BIO-5 Any rodenticide will not be applied within, or adjacent, to their habitat where runoff or drift can occur.


BURROWING OWL

SEN BIO-6 Prior to rodent control measures being employed, a qualified biologist shall conduct a pre-application survey to determine the presence of burrowing owls

SBCFCD

SEN BIO-7



SOUTHERN RUBBER BOA

SEN BIO-8 Prohibit grain pesticide within 100 yards of the occupied habitat USFWS Biological Opinion (1993)

E GROUND SQUIRREL


43

SEN BIO-9 No rodenticide practices will be performed from April-June when the Mohave ground squirrels may be active.

SBCFCD

SEN BIO-10 All gopher holes will be identified by a qualified individual prior to rodenticide application.

SBCFCD

SEN BIO-11 No broadcasting will be performed. SBCFCD

SEN BIO-12 Prohibit grain pesticide within 100 yards of the occupied habitat USFWS Biological

Opinion (1993)

SEN BIO-13



DESERT TORTOISE

SEN BIO-14



MOJAVE RIVER VOLE

SEN BIO-15 Prohibit grain pesticide within 100 yards of the occupied habitat USFWS Biological

Opinion (1993)

SEN BIO-16

Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species.


Finally, the CDPR PRESCIBE website was also reviewed for the appropriate pesticide

limitation measure(s) given the facility location and the pesticide being proposed (Table

13).


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TABLE 13 – THE CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT PESTICIDE REGULATION (CDPR) PESTICIDE USE LIMITATION MEASURES FOR CERTAIN SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT FACILITIES.

CDPR CODE

MEASURE

CDPR-1B

Bait Station Design and Use: Bait Stations shall be designed with and opening that prevents access to non-target species (not to exceed 3”) and controls bait spillage by feeding rodents. See your county agricultural commission for recommended designs and suggestions to retrofit existing stations. Bait stations shall be secured (e.g. staked) upright to prevent tipping and access by non-target animals. Bait stations shall not be filled beyond design capacity and in no case shall bait stations be filled with more than 10 lbs. of bait.

CDPR-1C

1C Station Monitoring: While treated baits are in use, bait stations shall be inspected for spillage, evidence of disturbance by non-target animals, excess moisture from irrigation systems, etc. Problems shall be corrected before baiting is resumed. Any spilled baits shall be promptly cleaned up (scattering limited quantities of spilled bait in non-crop areas is acceptable if allowed by labeling). Bait stations shall be replenished with treated baits as needed to provide continuous exposure. After treated baits are accepted, as evidenced by consumption of baits, depletion of bait in the bait station shall be inspected at least weekly for depletion of bait and refilled until feeding ceases. Treated baits shall be promptly removed (or bait stations shall be sealed) from all stations after feeding has ceased. If subsequent baiting is needed, a two week period without use of treated baits shall be observed before baiting is resumed. This is to keep the period when treated bait is exposed to a minimum without jeopardizing good pest control.

CDPR-1D

Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g., in a landfill) in a manner inaccessible to wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue daily for at least 5 days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are found.

CDPR-5

Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Title 3, California Code of Regulations Section 6406). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training.

CDPR-7 For commensal rodent control, outdoor use must be in tamper resistant bait boxes placed in areas inaccessible to wildlife.


45

CDPR-8

Use is prohibited EXCEPT under any ONE of the following conditions (in all cases where toxic baits are applied, any spilled baits shall be immediately removed or buried to prevent exposure to non-target species): For commensal rodent control, outdoor use must be in tamper resistant bait boxes placed in areas inaccessible to wildlife. An approved bait station (see your county agricultural commissioner for approved designs) is used that is fitted with an entrance that provides selective access to pest species but does not allow access to kangaroo rats, OR Baits are placed in bait stations that are elevated to preclude exposure to kangaroo rats, and designed to prevent spillage by rodents feeding (see you county agricultural commissioner for specifications), OR Baits are placed in bait stations during daylight hours only and are removed (or entrances are closed) by dusk each day, OR Broadcast application of baits is allowed in fields under active cultivation with the maintenance of a 10-yard wide boarder of untreated crops where fields are adjacent to areas of natural vegetation. For purposes of this provision, fields under active cultivation means fields that have been tilled within the last one year or those fields are irrigated by furrow, flood or overlapping sprinkler method

Using all the available resources, a number of tables and illustrations can be reviewed to assist in determining the appropriate BMPs for each facility including:


TABLE 14 – THE POTENTIAL BMP MEASURES FOR EACH RODENTICIDE USED BY SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT

PESTICIDE SPECIES HAZARD CODE BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICE (BMP)

Diphacinone GB; CB; GM; CM; AS

Water Quality WQ-1; WQ2, WQ-3, WQ-4

General Biology

GEN BIO-1; GEN BIO-2; GEN BIO-3

Sensitive Species Biology

SEN BIO-1; SEN BIO-3; SEN BIO-4; SEN BIO-5; SEN BIO-8; SEN

BIO-9; SEN BIO-11; SEN BIO-12; SEN BIO-15:

EPA

CDPR-1D, CDPR-7, CDPR8,

Aluminum phosphide FS


General Biology

GEN BIO-1; GEN BIO-3

Sensitive Species Biology SEN BIO-2; SEN BIO-4; SEN BIO-6; SEN BIO-7; SEN BIO-9; SEN BIO-10; SEN BIO-13; SEN BIO-16

EPA

CDPR-5

Gas Cartridge GB; CB; GM; CM; AS


General Biology


Sensitive Species Biology SEN BIO-2; SEN BIO-4; SEN BIO-6; SEN BIO-7; SEN BIO-9; SEN BIO-13; SEN BIO-14; SEN BIO-16

EPA CDPR-5

N

Strychnine

FS


General Biology


Sensitive Species Biology SEN BIO-2; SEN BIO-4; SEN BIO-9; SEN BIO-10; SEN BIO-13; SEN

BIO-16

TABLE 16 – THE SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT BASINS LOCATED IN THE VALLEY WITH THE PESTICIDE USE LIMITATIONS FOR THE TOWNSHIP/RANGE IN WHICH THE FACILITY IS LOCATED, ALONG WITH THE COVERED SENSITIVE SPECIES. ALL RODENTICIDE METHODS MAY BE UTILIZED IMPLEMENTING THE FOLLOWING EPA CDPR BMPS AND SENSITIVE SPECIES BMPS FOR EACH FACITLITY.

FACILITY FACILITY

RED BOOK #

EPA CDPR BMP SENSITIVE SPECIES BMP

College Hts Basin #1 1-107-4A

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training.

N/A

College Hts Basin #2 1-107-4B


N/A

College Hts Basin #3 1-107-4C

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university

extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-

target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the

conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of

Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training.

N/A

College Hts Basin #4 1-107-4D






N/A

Montclair Basin #1 1-110-4A






N/A

Montclair Basin #2 1-110-4B




N/A



Montclair Basin #3 1-110-4C






N/A

8th St Basin #1 1-209-4A

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third

day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. in a landfill) in a manner inaccessible to

wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are

found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such as fleas.

N/A

8th St Basin #2 1-209-4B


N/A

8th St Basin #3 1-209-4C


N/A

Ely Basin #1 1-211-4A


N/A

Ely Basin #2 1-211-4B


N/A

Cucamonga Basin #7 1-304-4B






N/A

Cucamonga Basin #8 1-304-4C






N/A

Cucamonga Basin #6 1-306-4B






Lower Cucamonga Spreading Grounds

1-310-2A

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. in a landfill) in a manner inaccessible to wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such as fleas.

SEN BIO-6 Prior to rodent control measures being employed, a qualified biologist shall conduct protocol surveys to determine the presence of burrowing owls SEN BIO-7 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species

San Antonio Hts (West Frankish)

1-313-4D






San Antonio Hts Basin #1

1-313-4A







1-313-4F







1-313-4E






San Antonio Heights Basin #4

1-313-4G

Fumigate - 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university






1-313-4B







1-313-4H






Cucamonga Dam, COE

1-352-3A






SEN BIO-1 Only modified “T bait” stations for ground squirrels will be used SEN BIO-2 If fumigation is to occur, all gopher holes will be identified by a qualified individual prior to rodenticide application. SEN BIO-3 No broadcasting will be performed SEN BIO-4 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species

Demens Basin #1 1-402-3A

.






Demens Basin #2 1-402-4B






Alta Loma Basin #1 1-406-3A






Alta Loma Basin #2 1-406-3B






Alta Loma Basin #3 1-406-4C






Chris Basin 1-501-4A






Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. in a landfill) in a manner inaccessible to wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such as fleas


Deer Creek Spreading Grounds

1-502-2A


SEN BIO-1 Only modified “T bait” stations for ground squirrels will be used SEN BIO-2 If fumigation is to occur, all gopher holes will be identified by a qualified individual prior to rodenticide application. SEN BIO-3 No broadcasting will be performed SEN BIO-4 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists are trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species SEN BIO-6 Prior to rodent control measures being employed, a qualified biologist shall conduct protocol surveys to determine the presence of burrowing owls SEN BIO-7 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species

Turner Basin #1 1-504-4A



Turner Basin #2 1-504-4B



Turner Basin #3 1-504-4C



Turner Basin #4 1-504-4D



Turner Basin #5 1-504-4E



Deer Creek Debris Basin 1-506-3A


Hillside Basin, COE 1-552-4A


Day Creek Spreading Grounds

1-602-2A


SEN BIO-1 Only modified “T bait” stations for ground squirrels will be used SEN BIO-2 If fumigation is to occur, all gopher holes will be identified by a qualified individual prior to rodenticide application. SEN BIO-3 No broadcasting will be performed SEN BIO-4 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species SEN BIO-6 Prior to rodent control measures being employed, a qualified biologist shall conduct protocol surveys to determine the presence of burrowing owls SEN BIO-7 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species

Wineville Basin 1-603-4A

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 1B Bait Station Design and Use: Bait Stations shall be designed with and opening that prevents access to non-target species (not to exceed 3”) and controls bait spillage by feeding rodents. See your county agricultural commission for recommended designs and suggestions to retrofit existing stations. Bait stations shall be secured (e.g. staked) upright to prevent tipping and access by non-target animals. Bait stations shall not be filled beyond design capacity and in no case shall bait stations be filled with more than 10 lbs. of bait. Pesticide = 1C Station Monitoring: While treated baits are in use, bait stations shall be inspected for spillage, evidence of disturbance by non-target animals, excess moisture from irrigation systems, etc. Problems shall be corrected before baiting is resumed. Any spilled baits shall be promptly cleaned up (scattering limited quantities of spilled bait in non-crop areas is acceptable if allowed by labeling). Bait stations shall be replenished with treated baits as needed to provide continuous exposure. After treated baits are accepted, as evidenced by consumption of baits, depletion of bait in the bait station shall be inspected at least weekly for depletion of bait and refilled until feeding ceases. Treated baits shall be promptly removed (or bait stations shall be sealed) from all stations after feeding has ceased. If subsequent baiting is needed, a two week period without use of treated baits shall be observed before baiting is resumed. This is to keep the period when treated bait is exposed to a minimum without jeopardizing good pest control.

Riverside Basin 1-604-4A

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. in a landfill)) in a manner inaccessible to


wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such as fleas

Day Creek Basin #1 1-606-4A

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 8 Kangaroo Rats: Use is prohibited EXCEPT under any ONE of the following conditions (in all cases where toxic baits are applied, any spilled baits shall be immediately removed or buried to prevent exposure to non-target species): For commensal rodent control, outdoor use must be in tamper resistant bait boxes placed in areas inaccessible to wildlife. An approved bait station (see your county agricultural commissioner for approved designs) is used that is fitted with an entrance that provides selective access to pest species but does not allow access to kangaroo rats, OR Baits are placed in bait stations that are elevated to preclude exposure to kangaroo rats, and designed to prevent spillage by rodents feeding (see you county agricultural commissioner for specifications), OR Baits are placed in bait stations during daylight hours only and are removed (or entrances are closed) by dusk each day, OR Broadcast application of baits is allowed in fields under active cultivation with the maintenance of a 10-yard wide boarder of untreated crops where fields are adjacent to areas of natural vegetation. For purposes of this provision, fields under active cultivation means fields that have been tilled within the last one year or those fields are irrigated by furrow, flood or overlapping sprinkler method


Day Creek Basin #2 1-606-4B



Day Creek Dam 1-608-3A

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. in a landfill) in a manner inaccessible to

SEN BIO-1 Only modified “T bait” stations for ground squirrels will be used SEN BIO-2 If fumigation is to occur, all gopher holes will be identified by a qualified individual prior to rodenticide application. SEN BIO-3

wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such as fleas Pesticide = 8 Kangaroo Rats: Use is prohibited EXCEPT under any ONE of the following conditions (in all cases where toxic baits are applied, any spilled baits shall be immediately removed or buried to prevent exposure to non-target species): For commensal rodent control, outdoor use must be in tamper resistant bait boxes placed in areas inaccessible to wildlife. An approved bait station (see your county agricultural commissioner for approved designs) is used that is fitted with an entrance that provides selective access to pest species but does not allow access to kangaroo rats, OR Baits are placed in bait stations that are elevated to preclude exposure to kangaroo rats, and designed to prevent spillage by rodents feeding (see you county agricultural commissioner for specifications), OR Baits are placed in bait stations during daylight hours only and are removed (or entrances are closed) by dusk each day, OR Broadcast application of baits is allowed in fields under active cultivation with the maintenance of a 10-yard wide boarder of untreated crops where fields are adjacent to areas of natural vegetation. For purposes of this provision, fields under active cultivation means fields that have been tilled within the last one year or those fields are irrigated by furrow, flood or overlapping sprinkler method

No broadcasting will be performed SEN BIO-4 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species

Day Creek Spreading Grounds Basin #1

1-614-4A

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. in a landfill) in a manner inaccessible to wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such as fleas Pesticide = 8 Kangaroo Rats: Use is prohibited EXCEPT under any ONE of the following conditions (in all cases where toxic baits are applied, any spilled baits shall be immediately removed or buried to prevent exposure to non-target species): For commensal rodent control, outdoor use must be in tamper resistant bait boxes placed in areas inaccessible to wildlife. An approved bait station (see your county agricultural commissioner for approved designs) is used that is fitted with an entrance that provides selective access to pest species but does not allow access to kangaroo rats, OR Baits are placed in bait stations that are elevated to preclude exposure to kangaroo rats, and designed to prevent spillage by rodents feeding (see you county agricultural commissioner for specifications), OR Baits are placed in bait stations during daylight hours only and are removed (or entrances are closed) by dusk each day, OR Broadcast application of baits is allowed in fields under active cultivation with the maintenance of a 10-yard wide boarder of untreated crops where fields are adjacent to areas of natural vegetation. For purposes of this provision, fields under active cultivation means fields that have been tilled within the last one year or those fields are irrigated by furrow, flood or overlapping sprinkler method



1-614-4B




1-614-4C




1-614-4D

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. in a landfill) in a manner inaccessible to wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such as fleas

SEN BIO-1 Only modified “T bait” stations for ground squirrels will be used SEN BIO-2 If fumigation is to occur, all gopher holes will be identified by a qualified individual prior to rodenticide application. SEN BIO-3 No broadcasting will be performed

Pesticide = 8 Kangaroo Rats: Use is prohibited EXCEPT under any ONE of the following conditions (in all cases where toxic baits are applied, any spilled baits shall be immediately removed or buried to prevent exposure to non-target species): For commensal rodent control, outdoor use must be in tamper resistant bait boxes placed in areas inaccessible to wildlife. An approved bait station (see your county agricultural commissioner for approved designs) is used that is fitted with an entrance that provides selective access to pest species but does not allow access to kangaroo rats, OR Baits are placed in bait stations that are elevated to preclude exposure to kangaroo rats, and designed to prevent spillage by rodents feeding (see you county agricultural commissioner for specifications), OR Baits are placed in bait stations during daylight hours only and are removed (or entrances are closed) by dusk each day, OR Broadcast application of baits is allowed in fields under active cultivation with the maintenance of a 10-yard wide boarder of untreated crops where fields are adjacent to areas of natural vegetation. For purposes of this provision, fields under active cultivation means fields that have been tilled within the last one year or those fields are irrigated by furrow, flood or overlapping sprinkler method

SEN BIO-4 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species


1-614-4E



Etiwanda Spreading Grounds

1-702-2A



Victoria Basin 1-703-4A


N/A

Etiwanda Debris Basin 1-707-9A



San Sevaine Basin #5 (DSOD)

1-802-3E


SEN BIO-1 Only modified “T bait” stations for ground squirrels will be used SEN BIO-2 If fumigation is to occur, all gopher holes will be identified by a qualified individual prior to rodenticide application SEN BIO-3 No broadcasting will be performed SEN BIO-4 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species SEN BIO-6 Prior to rodent control measures being employed, a qualified biologist shall conduct protocol surveys to determine the presence of burrowing owls SEN BIO-7 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species

San Sevaine Spreading Grounds

1-802-2A

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. completely buried) in a manner inaccessible to wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such as fleas Pesticide = 8 Kangaroo Rats: Use is prohibited EXCEPT under any ONE of the following conditions (in all cases where toxic baits are applied, any spilled baits shall be immediately removed or buried to prevent exposure to non-target species): For commensal rodent control, outdoor use must be in tamper resistant bait boxes placed in areas inaccessible to wildlife. An approved bait station (see your county agricultural commissioner for approved designs) is used that is fitted with an entrance that provides selective access to pest species but does not allow access to kangaroo rats, OR Baits are placed in bait stations that are elevated to preclude exposure to kangaroo rats, and designed to prevent spillage by rodents feeding (see you county agricultural commissioner for specifications), OR Baits are placed in bait stations during daylight hours only and are removed (or entrances are closed) by dusk each day, OR Broadcast application of baits is allowed in fields under active cultivation with the maintenance of a 10-yard wide boarder of untreated crops where fields are adjacent to areas of natural vegetation. For purposes of this provision, fields under active cultivation means fields that have been tilled within the last one year or those fields are irrigated by furrow, flood or overlapping sprinkler method


San Sevaine Basin #1 1-802-4A



San Sevaine Basin #2 1-802-4B



San Sevaine Basin #3 1-802-4C



San Sevaine Basin #4 1-802-4D



Banana Basin 1-803-4A


N/A

Jurupa Basin (DSOD) 1-804-3A


N/A

Hickory Basin 1-811-3A


N/A

Declez Basin 1-814-3A


N/A

Grove 1-910-4A


N/A

Merrill Basin 2-102-4A


N/A

Linden Basin 2-103-4A


N/A

Cactus Basin #1 2-104-4A


N/A

Cactus Basin #2 2-104-4B

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the

N/A

conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training.

Cactus Basin #3A 2-104-4C

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. completely buried) in a manner inaccessible to wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such as fleas


Cactus Basin #3B 2-104-4D



Cactus Basin #4 2-104-4E


N/A

conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. completely buried) in a manner inaccessible to wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such as fleas

Cactus Basin #5 2-104-4F


N/A

Pepper Basin 2-106-4A


N/A

Mill Basin 2-107-4A


N/A

Randall Basin 2-113-4A



Lytle Creek Gatehouse 2-211-5A


SEN BIO-1 Only modified “T bait” stations for ground squirrels will be used SEN BIO-2

Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. completely buried) in a manner inaccessible to wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such as fleas Pesticide = 8 Kangaroo Rats: Use is prohibited EXCEPT under any ONE of the following conditions (in all cases where toxic baits are applied, any spilled baits shall be immediately removed or buried to prevent exposure to non-target species): For commensal rodent control, outdoor use must be in tamper resistant bait boxes placed in areas inaccessible to wildlife. An approved bait station (see your county agricultural commissioner for approved designs) is used that is fitted with an entrance that provides selective access to pest species but does not allow access to kangaroo rats, OR Baits are placed in bait stations that are elevated to preclude exposure to kangaroo rats, and designed to prevent spillage by rodents feeding (see you county agricultural commissioner for specifications), OR Baits are placed in bait stations during daylight hours only and are removed (or entrances are closed) by dusk each day, OR Broadcast application of baits is allowed in fields under active cultivation with the maintenance of a 10-yard wide boarder of untreated crops where fields are adjacent to areas of natural vegetation. For purposes of this provision, fields under active cultivation means fields that have been tilled within the last one year or those fields are irrigated by furrow, flood or overlapping sprinkler method

If fumigation is to occur, all gopher holes will be identified by a qualified individual prior to rodenticide application. SEN BIO-3 No broadcasting will be performed SEN BIO-4 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species SEN BIO-6 Prior to rodent control measures being employed, a qualified biologist shall conduct protocol surveys to determine the presence of burrowing owls SEN BIO-7 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species

Baseline Basin #1 2-214-4A



Baseline Basin #2 2-214-4B



Baseline Basin #3 2-214-4C


SEN BIO-6 Prior to rodent control measures being employed, a qualified biologist shall conduct protocol surveys to determine the presence of burrowing owls

conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 8 Kangaroo Rats: Use is prohibited EXCEPT under any ONE of the following conditions (in all cases where toxic baits are applied, any spilled baits shall be immediately removed or buried to prevent exposure to non-target species): For commensal rodent control, outdoor use must be in tamper resistant bait boxes placed in areas inaccessible to wildlife. An approved bait station (see your county agricultural commissioner for approved designs) is used that is fitted with an entrance that provides selective access to pest species but does not allow access to kangaroo rats, OR Baits are placed in bait stations that are elevated to preclude exposure to kangaroo rats, and designed to prevent spillage by rodents feeding (see you county agricultural commissioner for specifications), OR Baits are placed in bait stations during daylight hours only and are removed (or entrances are closed) by dusk each day, OR Broadcast application of baits is allowed in fields under active cultivation with the maintenance of a 10-yard wide boarder of untreated crops where fields are adjacent to areas of natural vegetation. For purposes of this provision, fields under active cultivation means fields that have been tilled within the last one year or those fields are irrigated by furrow, flood or overlapping sprinkler method


Macy Basin 2-216-4A


N/A

Devil Canyon Spreading Grounds

2-302-2A



Devil Canyon Dam (Basin #1)

2-303-3A



Devil Basin #2 2-304-4A



Devil Basin #3 2-304-4B



Devil Basin #4 2-304-4C



Devil Basin #5 2-304-4D



Devil Basin #6 2-304-4E



Devil Basin #7 2-304-4F



Wiggins Basin #1 2-305-4A



Cable Creek Spreading Grounds

2-308-2A


SEN BIO-1 Only modified “T bait” stations for ground squirrels will be used SEN BIO-2 If fumigation is to occur, all gopher holes will be identified by a qualified individual prior to rodenticide application. SEN BIO-3 No broadcasting will be performed SEN BIO-4 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species SEN BIO-6 Prior to rodent control measures being employed, a qualified biologist shall conduct protocol surveys to determine the presence of burrowing owls

Sycamore Basin 2-352-4A



East Badger Basin 2-354-4A



Badger Spreading Grounds

2-355-2A



South Badger Basin 2-356-4A



North Badger Basin 2-358-4A



West Badger Basin 2-360-4A



Sweetwater Basin 2-362-4A



Little Mountain Dam 2-365-3A



MacQuiddy Basin #1 (#2, 3 & 4)

2-368-4A


N/A

29th Street Basin #1 2-371-4A


N/A

29th Street Basin #2 2-371-4B


N/A

29th Street Basin #3 2-371-4C


N/A

Waterman Spreading Grounds.

2-404-2A


N/A

Twin Creek Spreading. Grounds.

2-406-2A


N/A


Brush Canyon Basin 2-412-4A


Harrison Basin 2-414-4A


N/A

Lynwood Basin #1 2-420-4A


N/A

Lynwood Basin #2 2-420-4B


N/A

Lynwood Basin #3 2-420-4C


N/A

Lynwood Basin #4 2-420-4D


N/A

Warm Creek. Cons. Bsn # 2

2-421-4B



Warm Creek. Cons. Bsn # 3

2-421-4C



Warm Creek Cons Bsn # 4

2-421-4D



Sand Canyon Basin 2-503-4A


N/A

Patton Basin 2-504-4A


N/A

Daley Basin 2-506-4A


N/A

Perris Hill Basin 2-508-4A


N/A

Little Sand Canyon Basin 2-510-4A


N/A


Lemon Basin 2-511-4A


N/A

Seven Oaks Dam 3-104-3A



Plunge Creek Spreading Grounds #1

3-202-2A



Plunge Creek Spreading. Grounds #2

3-202-2B



Oak Creek Basin 3-204-4A


Elder Creek Basin 3-205-4A


City Creek Spreading Grounds

2-602-2A



Small Canyon Dam 3-302-3A


Dynamite Basin 3-304-4A


Cook Canyon Basin 3-305-4A


San Timoteo Sediment Basin 1

3-401-4A



3-401-4B



3-401-4C



3-401-4D



3-401-4E


San Timoteo Sediment Basin6

3-401-4F



3-401-4G



3-401-4H



3-401-4I



3-401-4J



3-401-4K



3-401-4L



3-401-4M



3-401-4N



3-401-4O



3-401-4P



3-401-4Q



3-401-4R


Wilson Creek Basin #1 3-602-4A

Fumigate = None Pesticide = None

N/A

Wilson Creek Basin #2 3-602-4B


N/A

Wilson Creek Basin #3 3-602-4C Fumigate = None

N/A

Pesticide = None

Wilson Creek Basin #4 3-602-4D


N/A

Wilson Creek Spreading Grounds

3-602-2E


Oak Creek Basin #1 3-603-4A


N/A

Oak Creek Basin #2 3-603-4B


N/A

Oak Creek Basin #3 3-603-4C


N/A

Potato Creek Spreading. Grounds

3-605-2A


N/A

Wildwood Debris Basin 3-608-4A

Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. completely buried) in a manner inaccessible to wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such as fleas

N/A

Wildwood Basin #1 3-608-4B


N/A

Wildwood Basin #2 3-608-4C Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. completely buried) in a manner

N/A

inaccessible to wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such as fleas

Wildwood Creek Spreading Grounds


N/A

TABLE 17 – THE SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT CHANNELS LOCATED IN THE VALLEY WITH THE PESTICIDE USE LIMITATIONS FOR THE TOWNSHIP/RANGE IN WHICH THE FACILITY IS LOCATED, ALONG WITH THE COVERED SENSITIVE SPECIES.

FACILITY NAME FACILITY RED BOOK # EPA CDPR BMP SENSITIVE SPECIES BMP

San Antonio Ch. #1 1-101-1C


N/A

San Antonio Ch. #2 1-101-1D


N/A

San Antonio Ch. # 3 1-101-1E


N/A

San Antonio Ch. #4 1-101-1F

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. completely buried) in a manner

N/A


San Antonio Ch. #5 1-101-1G


N/A

San Antonio Ch. #6 1-101-1H

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 1B Bait Station Design and Use: Bait Stations shall be designed with and opening that prevents access to non-target species (not to exceed 3”) and controls bait spillage by feeding rodents. See your county agricultural commission for recommended designs and suggestions to retrofit existing stations. Bait stations shall be secured (e.g. staked) upright to prevent tipping and access by non-target animals. Bait stations shall not be filled beyond design capacity and in no case shall bait stations be filled with more than 10 lbs. of bait. Pesticide = 1C Station Monitoring: While treated baits are in use, bait stations shall be inspected for spillage, evidence of disturbance by non-target animals, excess moisture from irrigation systems, etc. Problems shall be corrected before baiting is resumed. Any spilled baits shall be promptly cleaned up (scattering limited quantities of spilled bait in non-crop areas is acceptable if allowed by labeling). Bait stations shall be replenished with treated baits as needed to provide continuous exposure. After treated baits are accepted, as evidenced by consumption of baits, depletion of bait in the bait station shall be inspected at least weekly for depletion of bait and refilled until feeding ceases. Treated baits shall be promptly removed (or bait stations shall be sealed) from all stations after feeding has ceased. If subsequent baiting is needed, a two week period without use of treated baits shall be observed before baiting is resumed. This is to keep the period when treated bait is exposed to a minimum without jeopardizing good pest control. Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. completely buried) in a manner inaccessible to wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such as fleas

N/A

San Antonio Channel #7

1-101-1I


N/A


Chino Creek 1-102-1A


N/A

Carbon Canyon Creek #1

1-114-1A


N/A

Carbon Canyon Creek #2

1-114-1B

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 1B Bait Station Design and Use: Bait Stations shall be designed with and opening that prevents access to non-target species (not to exceed 3”) and controls bait spillage by feeding rodents. See your county agricultural commission for recommended designs and suggestions to retrofit existing stations. Bait stations shall be secured (e.g. staked) upright to prevent tipping and access by non-target animals. Bait stations shall not be filled beyond design capacity and in no case shall bait stations be filled with more than 10 lbs. of bait. Pesticide = 1C Station Monitoring: While treated baits are in use, bait stations shall be inspected for spillage, evidence of disturbance by non-target animals, excess moisture from irrigation systems, etc. Problems shall be corrected before baiting is resumed. Any spilled baits shall be promptly cleaned up (scattering limited quantities of spilled bait in non-crop areas is acceptable if allowed by labeling). Bait stations shall be replenished with treated baits as needed to provide continuous exposure. After treated baits are accepted, as evidenced by consumption of baits, depletion of bait in the bait station shall be inspected at least weekly for depletion of bait and refilled until feeding ceases. Treated baits shall be promptly removed (or bait stations shall be sealed) from all stations after feeding has ceased. If subsequent baiting is needed, a two week period without use of treated baits shall be observed before baiting is resumed. This is to keep the period when treated bait is exposed to a minimum without jeopardizing good pest control. Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. completely buried) in a manner

N/A


Lake Los Serranos Channel

1-124-1A


N/A

Lower Los Serranos Channel #1

1-125-1A


N/A

Lower Los Serranos # 2

1-125-1B


N/A

Lower Los Serranos #3 1-125-1C

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 1B Bait Station Design and Use: Bait Stations shall be designed with and opening that prevents access to non-target species (not to exceed 3”) and controls bait spillage by feeding rodents. See your county agricultural commission for recommended designs and suggestions to retrofit existing stations. Bait stations shall be secured (e.g. staked) upright to prevent tipping and access by non-target animals. Bait stations shall not be filled beyond design capacity and in no case shall bait stations be filled with more than 10 lbs. of bait.

N/A

Pesticide = 1C Station Monitoring: While treated baits are in use, bait stations shall be inspected for spillage, evidence of disturbance by non-target animals, excess moisture from irrigation systems, etc. Problems shall be corrected before baiting is resumed. Any spilled baits shall be promptly cleaned up (scattering limited quantities of spilled bait in non-crop areas is acceptable if allowed by labeling). Bait stations shall be replenished with treated baits as needed to provide continuous exposure. After treated baits are accepted, as evidenced by consumption of baits, depletion of bait in the bait station shall be inspected at least weekly for depletion of bait and refilled until feeding ceases. Treated baits shall be promptly removed (or bait stations shall be sealed) from all stations after feeding has ceased. If subsequent baiting is needed, a two week period without use of treated baits shall be observed before baiting is resumed. This is to keep the period when treated bait is exposed to a minimum without jeopardizing good pest control. Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. completely buried) in a manner inaccessible to wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such as fleas

Soquel Cyn Channel 1-126-1A


N/A

English Canyon 1-127-1A


Boys Republic North Channel

1-129-1A


N/A

Chino Downs Channel 1-130-1A


N/A


West Cucamonga Ch#1

1-201-1C


N/A

West Cucamonga Ch. #2

1-201-1D


N/A

West Cucamonga Ch. #3

1-201-1E


N/A

West Cucamonga Ch#4

1-201-1F


West Cucamonga Ch#5

1-201-1G


N/A

West Cucamonga Ch#6

1-201-1H


Cucamonga Channel #1

1-301-1A




1-301-1B




1-301-1C


N/A


1-301-1D N/A



1-301-1E


N/A


1-301-1F




1-301-1G




1-301-H




1-301-1I



Cucamonga Crosswalls #1

1-302-8A


Cucamonga Crosswalls #

1-302-8B



1-302-8C



1-302-8D



1-302-8E



1-302-8F




conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406

of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training.


1-302-8G







1-302-8H







1-302-8I







1-302-8J







1-302-8K







1-302-8L







1-302-8M






Cucamonga Connector #1

1-312-1A






N/A

Cucamonga Connector #2

1-312-1B






N/A

Almond Intercept Ch. 1-315-1A


County Line Channel 1-317-1A



Demens Creek Ch#1 1-401-1A






Demens Basin Ch#2 1-401-1B






N/A

Demens Basin Ch#3 1-402-1A






N/A

Demens Basin Ch#4 1-402-1B






N/A

Deer Creek Channel #1

1-501-1A




1-501-1B




1-501-1C


N/A


1-501-1D SEN BIO-6


Prior to rodent control measures being employed, a qualified biologist shall conduct protocol surveys to determine the presence of burrowing owls SEN BIO-7 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species


1-501-1E


N/A


1-501-1F


N/A


1-501-1G


N/A


1-501-1H


N/A

Lower Deer Creek Ch. 1-501-1I



Deer Creek Reception Levee

1-503-5A



Hillside Channel 1-552-1A


Day Creek Channel #1 1-601-1A



Day Creek Channel #2 1-601-1B



Day Creek Channel #3 1-601-1C



Day Creek Channel #4 1-601-1D




Day Creek Channel #5 1-601-1E


N/A

Day Creek Channel #6 1-601-1F


Day Creek Spreading Grounds Levee Part 1

1-602-5A



Day Creek Spreading Grounds Levee Part 2

1-602-5B



Etiwanda Creek Ch. #1 1-701-1A



Etiwanda Creek Ch. #2 1-701-1B



Etiwanda Creek Channel #3

1-701-1C




1-701-1D



1-701-1E


N/A

Lower Etiwanda Creek 1-701-1H

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 1B Bait Station Design and Use: Bait Stations shall be designed with and opening that prevents access to non-target species (not to exceed 3”) and controls bait spillage by feeding rodents. See your county agricultural commission for recommended designs and

N/A

suggestions to retrofit existing stations. Bait stations shall be secured (e.g. staked) upright to prevent tipping and access by non-target animals. Bait stations shall not be filled beyond design capacity and in no case shall bait stations be filled with more than 10 lbs. of bait. Pesticide = 1C Station Monitoring: While treated baits are in use, bait stations shall be inspected for spillage, evidence of disturbance by non-target animals, excess moisture from irrigation systems, etc. Problems shall be corrected before baiting is resumed. Any spilled baits shall be promptly cleaned up (scattering limited quantities of spilled bait in non-crop areas is acceptable if allowed by labeling). Bait stations shall be replenished with treated baits as needed to provide continuous exposure. After treated baits are accepted, as evidenced by consumption of baits, depletion of bait in the bait station shall be inspected at least weekly for depletion of bait and refilled until feeding ceases. Treated baits shall be promptly removed (or bait stations shall be sealed) from all stations after feeding has ceased. If subsequent baiting is needed, a two week period without use of treated baits shall be observed before baiting is resumed. This is to keep the period when treated bait is exposed to a minimum without jeopardizing good pest control. Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. completely buried) in a manner inaccessible to wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such as fleas

San Sevaine Channel #1

1-801-1A




1-801-1B

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. completely buried) in a manner inaccessible to wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such as fleas Pesticide = 8 Kangaroo Rats: Use is prohibited EXCEPT under any ONE of the following conditions (in all cases where toxic baits are applied, any spilled baits shall be immediately removed or buried to prevent exposure to non-target species): For commensal rodent control, outdoor use must be in tamper resistant bait boxes placed in areas inaccessible to wildlife. An approved bait station (see your county agricultural commissioner for approved designs) is used that is fitted with an entrance that provides selective access to pest species but does not allow access to kangaroo rats, OR Baits are placed in bait stations that are elevated to preclude exposure to kangaroo rats, and designed to prevent spillage by rodents feeding (see you county agricultural commissioner for specifications), OR Baits are placed in bait stations during daylight hours only and are removed (or entrances are closed) by dusk each day, OR Broadcast application of baits is allowed in fields under active cultivation with the maintenance of a 10-yard wide boarder of untreated crops where

SEN BIO-1 Only modified “T bait” stations for ground squirrels will be used SEN BIO-2 If fumigation is to occur, all gopher holes will be identified by a qualified individual prior to rodenticide application. SEN BIO-3 No broadcasting will be performed SEN BIO-4 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species SEN BIO-6

fields are adjacent to areas of natural vegetation. For purposes of this provision, fields under active cultivation means fields that have been tilled within the last one year or those fields are irrigated by furrow, flood or overlapping sprinkler method

Prior to rodent control measures being employed, a qualified biologist shall conduct protocol surveys to determine the presence of burrowing owls SEN BIO-7 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species


1-801-1D


SEN BIO-1 Only modified “T bait” stations for ground squirrels will be used


1-801-1F


N/A


1-801-1G


N/A


1-801-1H


N/A


1-801-1I

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. completely buried) in a manner inaccessible to wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such as fleas;

N/A



1-801-1J


N/A


1-801-1K


N/A

San Sevaine Spreading Grounds -West Levee

1-802-5B


N/A

San Sevaine Spreading Grounds-West Levee

1-802-5C


N/A


San Sevaine Spreading Grounds-East Levee

1-802-5D


N/A

Hawker-Crawford Ch. #1

1-806-1A



Hawker-Crawford Channel #2

1-806-1B Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-

target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 8 Kangaroo Rats: Use is prohibited EXCEPT under any ONE of the following conditions (in all cases where toxic baits are applied, any spilled baits shall be immediately removed or buried to prevent exposure to non-target species): For commensal rodent control, outdoor use must be in tamper resistant bait boxes placed in areas inaccessible to wildlife. An approved bait station (see your county agricultural commissioner for approved designs) is used that is fitted with an entrance that provides selective access to pest species but does not allow access to kangaroo rats, OR Baits are placed in bait stations that are elevated to preclude exposure to kangaroo rats, and designed to prevent spillage by rodents feeding (see you county agricultural commissioner for specifications), OR Baits are placed in bait stations during daylight hours only and are removed (or entrances are closed) by dusk each day, OR Broadcast application of baits is allowed in fields under active cultivation with the maintenance of a 10-yard wide boarder of untreated crops where fields are adjacent to areas of natural vegetation. For purposes of this provision, fields under active cultivation means fields that have been tilled within the last one year or those fields are irrigated by furrow, flood or overlapping sprinkler method

Henderson Channel #1 1-808-1A


N/A

Henderson Channel #2 1-808-1B



Henderson Channel #3 1-808-1C


N/A

West Fontana Channel #1

1-809-6A


N/A

West Fontana Channel #2

1-809-6B


N/A

Mulberry Channel 1-810-1A Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-

N/A

target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training.

Highland Channel #1 1-812-1A


N/A

Highland Channel #2 1-812-1B


N/A

Declez Channel #1 1-813-1B


N/A

Cypress Channel #1 1-901-1A


N/A

Cypress Channel #2 1-901-1C

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 1B Bait Station Design and Use: Bait Stations shall be designed with and opening that prevents access to non-target species (not to exceed 3”) and controls bait spillage by feeding rodents. See your county agricultural commission for recommended designs and suggestions to retrofit existing stations. Bait stations shall be secured (e.g. staked) upright to prevent tipping and access by non-target animals. Bait stations shall not be filled beyond design capacity and in no case shall bait stations be filled with more than 10 lbs. of bait. Pesticide = 1C Station Monitoring: While treated baits are in use, bait stations shall be inspected for spillage, evidence of disturbance by non-target animals, excess moisture from irrigation systems, etc. Problems shall be corrected before baiting is resumed. Any spilled baits shall be promptly cleaned up (scattering limited quantities of spilled bait in non-crop areas is acceptable if allowed by labeling). Bait stations shall be replenished with treated baits as needed to provide continuous exposure. After treated baits are accepted, as evidenced by consumption of baits, depletion of bait in the bait station shall be inspected at least weekly for depletion of bait and refilled until feeding ceases. Treated baits shall be promptly removed (or bait stations shall be sealed) from all stations after feeding has ceased. If

N/A

subsequent baiting is needed, a two week period without use of treated baits shall be observed before baiting is resumed. This is to keep the period when treated bait is exposed to a minimum without jeopardizing good pest control. Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. completely buried) in a manner inaccessible to wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such as fleas

Cactus Channel 2-104-1A


West Fontana Ch. #3 2-109-6A


N/A

Rialto Channel #1 2-120-1A


N/A

Rialto Channel #2 2-120-1B


N/A

Rialto Channel #3 2-120-1C


SEN BIO-5 Aquatic toxicity: Very toxic to fish and other aquatic invertebrates and the use of ground liquid sprays poses a hazard to listed species if applied within or adjacent to their habitat where runoff or drift can occur.

Rialto Channel #4 2-120-1D


N/A

Declez Channel #2 2-124-1A


N/A

Declez Channel #3 2-124-1B


N/A

Cajon Creek Wash #1 2-201-1A



Cajon Creek Wash #2 2-201-1B



Lytle Creek Wash #1 2-202-1A



Lytle Creek Wash #2 2-202-1B



Lytle Creek Wash #3 2-202-1C



Lytle Creek Wash #4 2-202-1D



Lytle Creek Channel #1 2-203-1A


Lytle Creek Channel #2 2-203-1B


N/A

Lytle Creek Channel #3 2-203-1C


N/A

Lytle-Cajon Channel 2-204-1A


Riverside Groin #1 2-205-5A


Riverside Groin #2 2-205-5B


Riverside Groin #3 2-205-5C


Riverside Groin #4 2-205-5D


Riverside Groin #5 2-205-5E



Lytle Creek Levee 2-206-5A


Island Levee 2-207-5A


.

Island Levee 2-207-5B

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 8 Kangaroo Rats: Use is prohibited EXCEPT under any ONE of the following conditions (in all cases where toxic baits are applied, any spilled baits shall be immediately removed or buried to prevent exposure to non-target species): For commensal rodent control, outdoor use must be in tamper resistant bait boxes placed in areas inaccessible to wildlife. An approved bait station (see your county agricultural commissioner for approved designs) is used that is fitted with an entrance that provides selective access to pest species but does not allow access to kangaroo rats, OR Baits are placed in bait stations that are elevated to preclude exposure to kangaroo rats, and designed to prevent spillage by rodents feeding (see you county agricultural commissioner for specifications), OR

Baits are placed in bait stations during daylight hours only and are removed (or entrances are closed) by dusk each day, OR Broadcast application of baits is allowed in fields under active cultivation with the maintenance of a 10-yard wide boarder of untreated crops where fields are adjacent to areas of natural vegetation. For purposes of this provision, fields under active cultivation means fields that have been tilled within the last one year or those fields are irrigated by furrow, flood or overlapping sprinkler method

Upper Devore Levee Part 1

2-208-5A


Lower Devore Levee Part 2

2-208-5B


Muscoy Groin #1 2-209-5A



Muscoy Groin #2 2-209-5B



Muscoy Groin #3 2-209-5C



Muscoy Groin #4 2-209-5D



Muscoy Groin #5 2-209-5E



Muscoy Levee Part 1 2-210-5A



Muscoy Levee Part 2 2-210-5B



Muscoy Levee Part 3 2-210-5C



Warm Creek Levee 2-212-5A




Devil Creek #1 2-301-1A



Devil Creek #2 2-301-1B



Devil Creek Levee 2-306-5A


SEN BIO-1 Only modified “T bait” stations for ground squirrels will be used SEN BIO-2 If fumigation is to occur, all gopher holes will be identified by a qualified individual prior to rodenticide application. SEN BIO-3 No broadcasting will be performed SEN BIO-4


Devil Creek Div Channel #1

2-307-1A



Devil Creek Div Channel#2

2-307-1B



Devil Creek Channel#3 2-364-1A



Cable Creek Channel#1

2-309-1A



Cable Creek Channel#2

2-309-1B



MacQuiddy-Severance Diversion Channel

2-351-1A



Sycamore Diversion Channel

2-353-1A


SEN BIO-1 Only modified “T bait” stations for ground squirrels will be used


SEN BIO-2 If fumigation is to occur, all gopher holes will be identified by a qualified individual prior to rodenticide application. SEN BIO-3 No broadcasting will be performed SEN BIO-4 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species

Western Avenue Channel

2-357-1A


N/A

Badger Channel#1 2-359-1A



Badger Channel#2 2-359-1B



Badger Channel #3 2-359-1C



Sweetwater Channel 2-361-1A



Little Mountain Channel

2-366-1A


N/A

Waterman Creek #1 2-401-1A


Waterman Creek #2 2-401-1B


Twin Creek 2-405-1A


N/A

Waterman Levee 2-408-5A


N/A

Twin Creek Levee 2-408-5B


N/A


Twin Creek Channel Improved #1

2-409-1A


N/A


2-409-1B


N/A


2-409-1C


N/A


2-409-1D


N/A

Warm Creek Channel #1

2-411-1A


N/A

Warm Creek Channel #2

2-411-1B


N/A

Harrison Storm Drain 2-415-6A


N/A

Upper Warm Creek Channel

2-501-1A


N/A

Sand Creek #1 2-502-1A


N/A

Sand Creek #2 2-502-1B


N/A

Sand Creek #3 2-502-1C


N/A

Daley Canyon 2-505-1A


Del Rosa Channel #1 2-507-1A


N/A

Del Rosa Channel #2 2-507-1B


N/A

Little Sand Creek #1 2-509-1A


N/A


Little Sand Creek #2 2-509-1B


N/A

Little Sand Creek #3 2-509-1C


N/A

City Creek #1 2-601-1A



City Creek # 2 2-601-1B



City Creek Levee Part 1 2-601-5A



City Creek Levee Part 2 2-601-5B



City Creek #3

2-603-1A



Bledsoe Creek #1 2-604-1A


Plunge Creek #1 2-605-1A



Santa Ana River #1 2-701-1A



Santa Ana River #2 2-701-1B



Santa Ana River #3 2-701-1C



Reche Canyon Creek #1

2-702-1A



2-702-1B N/A



2-702-1C


N/A

Santa Ana River # 4 3-101-1A



Santa Ana River # 5 3-101-B



Santa Ana River # 6 3-101-1C



Santa Ana River # 7 3-101-1D



Plunge Creek #2 3-201-1B



Plunge Creek #3 3-201-1C



Plunge Creek #4 3-201-1D



Oak Creek 3-204-1B


Elder Creek #1 3-205-1A


Elder Creek #2 3-205-1C



City Creek #4 3-301-1A



City Creek #5 3-301-1B


SEN BIO-1 Only modified “T bait” stations for ground squirrels will be used SEN BIO-2 If fumigation is to occur, all gopher holes will be identified by a qualified individual prior to rodenticide application. SEN BIO-3 No broadcasting will be performed SEN BIO-4 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species SEN BIO-6 Prior to rodent control measures being employed, a qualified biologist shall conduct protocol surveys to determine the presence of burrowing owls SEN BIO-7


City Creek #6 3-301-1C



Small Canyon Diversion

3-303-1A


Cook Canyon Creek 3-306-1A



Bledsoe Creek #2 3-307-1A


Small Canyon Channel #1

3-309-1A


N/A

Small Canyon Channel #2

3-309-1B


N/A

San Timoteo Creek #1 3-401-1A


San Timoteo Creek #2 3-401-1B


N/A

San Timoteo Creek #3 3-401-1C N/A


San Timoteo Creek #4 3-401-1D


N/A

San Timoteo Creek #5 3-401-1E


San Timoteo Creek #6 3-401-1F


Brown Ditch 3-404-6A


N/A

Mission Channel #1 3-501-1A


N/A

Mission Channel #2 3-501-1B


N/A

Mission Channel #3 3-501-1C


Zanja Creek #1 3-501-1E


N/A

Zanja Creek #2 3-501-1F


N/A

Zanja Creek #3 3-501-1G


N/A

Morrey Arroyo #1 3-502-1A


N/A

Morrey Arroyo #2 3-502-1B


N/A

Wilson Creek #1 3-601-1A

Fumigation = None Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. completely buried) in a manner inaccessible to wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such as fleas

N/A

Wilson Creek #2 3-601-1B


N/A

Wilson Creek #3 3-601-1C


N/A

Oak Glen Creek #1 3-603-1A

Fumigation = None Pesticide = None

N/A

Oak Glen Creek #2 3-603-1B


N/A

Oak Glen Creek #3 3-603-1C

Fumigation = None Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. completely buried) in a manner inaccessible to wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such as fleas

N/A

Wildwood Creek #1 3-608-1A


N/A

Wildwood Creek #2 3-608-1B


N/A

Wildwood Creek #3 3-608-1C


N/A


Wildwood Creek #4 3-608-1D


N/A

Birch Creek 3-612-1A

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = None

N/A

Gateway Wash #1 3-615-1A


N/A

Gateway Wash #2 3-615-1B


N/A

Baldridge Creek 3-701-1B


Mill Creek #1 3-801-1A

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = None

Mill Creek #2 3-801-1B



Mill Creek #3 3-801-1C



Mill Creek #4 3-801-1D



Mill Creek Levee Part 1 3-802-5A



Mill Creek Levee Part 2 3-802-5B



TABLE 18 – THE SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT CHANNELS LOCATED IN THE DESERT WITH THE PESTICIDE USE LIMITATIONS FOR THE TOWNSHIP/RANGE IN WHICH THE FACILITY IS LOCATED, ALONG WITH THE COVERED SENSITIVE SPECIES.

FACILITY NAME FACILITY RED BOOK # EPA CDPR BMP SENSITIVE SPECIES BPM

Mojave River #1 4-101-1C


SEN BIO-6 Prior to rodent control measures being employed, a qualified biologist shall conduct protocol surveys to determine the presence of burrowing owls SEN BIO-7 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species SEN BIO-9 No rodenticide practices will be performed from April-June when the squirrels may be active. SEN BIO-10 All gopher holes will be identified by a qualified individual prior to rodenticide application. SEN BIO-11 No broadcasting will be performed. SEN BIO-12 Prohibit grain pesticide within 100 yards of the occupied habitat SEN BIO-13 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species SEN BIO-14 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species

Mojave River #2 4-101-1D


Mojave River #3 4-101-1E


SEN BIO-15 Prohibit grain pesticide within 100 yards of the occupied habitat SEN BIO-16 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species

Pesticide = 7 For commensal rodent control, outdoor use must be in tamper resistant bait boxes placed in areas inaccessible to wildlife.

Mojave River #4 4-101-1F

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 1B Bait Station Design and Use: Bait Stations shall be designed with and opening that prevents access to non-target species (not to exceed 3”) and controls bait spillage by feeding rodents. See your county agricultural commission for recommended designs and suggestions to retrofit existing stations. Bait stations shall be secured (e.g. staked) upright to prevent tipping and access by non-target animals. Bait stations shall not be filled beyond design capacity and in no case shall bait stations be filled with more than 10 lbs. of bait. Pesticide = 1C Station Monitoring: While treated baits are in use, bait stations shall be inspected for spillage, evidence of disturbance by non-target animals, excess moisture from irrigation systems, etc. Problems shall be corrected before baiting is resumed. Any spilled baits shall be promptly cleaned up (scattering limited quantities of spilled bait in non-crop areas is acceptable if allowed by labeling). Bait stations shall be replenished with treated baits as needed to provide continuous exposure. After treated baits are accepted, as evidenced by consumption of baits, depletion of bait in the bait station shall be inspected at least weekly for depletion of bait and refilled until feeding ceases. Treated baits shall be promptly removed (or bait stations shall be sealed) from all stations after feeding has ceased. If subsequent baiting is needed, a two week period without use of treated baits shall be observed before baiting is resumed. This is to keep the period when treated bait is exposed to a minimum without jeopardizing good pest control. Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. completely buried) in a manner inaccessible to wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such as fleas Pesticide = 7 For commensal rodent control, outdoor use must be in tamper resistant bait boxes placed in areas inaccessible to wildlife.


Mojave River #5 4-101-1G

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 1B Bait Station Design and Use: Bait Stations shall be designed with and opening that prevents access to non-target species (not to exceed 3”) and controls bait spillage by feeding rodents. See your county agricultural commission for recommended designs and suggestions to retrofit existing stations. Bait stations shall be secured (e.g. staked) upright to prevent tipping and access by non-target animals. Bait stations shall not be filled beyond design capacity and in no case shall bait stations be filled with more than 10 lbs. of bait. Pesticide = 1C Station Monitoring: While treated baits are in use, bait stations shall be inspected for spillage, evidence of disturbance by non-target animals, excess moisture from irrigation systems, etc. Problems shall be corrected before baiting is resumed. Any spilled baits shall be promptly cleaned up (scattering limited quantities of spilled bait in non-crop areas is acceptable if allowed by labeling). Bait stations shall be replenished with treated baits as needed to provide continuous exposure. After treated baits are accepted, as evidenced by consumption of baits, depletion of bait in the bait station shall be inspected at least weekly for depletion of bait and refilled until feeding ceases. Treated baits shall be promptly removed (or bait stations shall be sealed) from all stations after feeding has ceased. If subsequent baiting is needed, a two week period without use of treated baits shall be observed before baiting is resumed. This is to keep the period when treated bait is exposed to a minimum without jeopardizing good pest control. Pesticide = 7 For commensal rodent control, outdoor use must be in tamper resistant bait boxes placed in areas inaccessible to wildlife.


Mojave River #6 4-101-1H

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 7 For commensal rodent control, outdoor use must be in tamper resistant bait boxes placed in areas inaccessible to wildlife.


Mojave River #7 4-101-1I


SEN BIO-6 Prior to rodent control measures being employed, a qualified biologist shall conduct protocol surveys to determine the presence of burrowing owls SEN BIO-7 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species SEN BIO-9 No rodenticide practices will be performed from April-June when the squirrels may be active. SEN BIO-10 All gopher holes will be identified by a qualified individual prior to rodenticide application. SEN BIO-11 No broadcasting will be performed. SEN BIO-12 Prohibit grain pesticide within 100 yards of the occupied habitat SEN BIO-13 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species SEN BIO-14 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species SEN BIO-15 Prohibit grain pesticide within 100 yards of the occupied habitat SEN BIO-16 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species

Mojave River #8 4-101-1J


Mojave River #9 4-101-1K


Mojave River #10 4-101-1L


Mojave River #11 4-101-1M

Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species. Use shall occur only in the active burrows of target species. The person responsible for supervision shall be aware of the conditions at the site of application and be available to direct and control the manner in which applications are made (per Section 6406 of Title 3, California Code of Regulations). Contact your county agricultural commissioner for information on training. Pesticide = 1D Carcass Survey and Disposal: Carcass survey and disposal shall be performed in the treated area beginning on the third day following the initial exposure of toxic baits. Any exposed carcasses shall be disposed of (e.g. completely buried) in a manner inaccessible to wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such as fleas Pesticide = 7 For commensal rodent control, outdoor use must be in tamper resistant bait boxes placed in areas inaccessible to wildlife.


Mojave River #12 4-101-1N


SEN BIO-6 Prior to rodent control measures being employed, a qualified biologist shall conduct protocol surveys to determine the presence of burrowing owls SEN BIO-7


Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species SEN BIO-9 No rodenticide practices will be performed from April-June when the squirrels may be active. SEN BIO-10 All gopher holes will be identified by a qualified individual prior to rodenticide application. SEN BIO-11 No broadcasting will be performed. SEN BIO-12 Prohibit grain pesticide within 100 yards of the occupied habitat SEN BIO-13 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species SEN BIO-14 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species

Antelope Creek Wash 4-103-1A


N/A

Oro Grande Wash #1 4-104-1A


SEN BIO-6 Prior to rodent control measures being employed, a qualified biologist shall conduct protocol surveys to determine the presence of burrowing owls SEN BIO-7 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species SEN BIO-9 No rodenticide practices will be performed from April-June when the squirrels may be active. SEN BIO-10 All gopher holes will be identified by a qualified individual prior to rodenticide application. SEN BIO-11 No broadcasting will be performed. SEN BIO-12 Prohibit grain pesticide within 100 yards of the occupied habitat SEN BIO-13 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species


Oro Grande Wash #2 4-106-1A


N/A

Oro Grande Wash #3 4-106-1B


N/A

Oro Grande Wash #4 4-106-1C



Buckthorn Wash #1 4-107-1A




Buckthorn Wash #2 4-107-1B



Buckthorn Wash #3 4-107-1C



Fremont Wash #1 4-108-1A


SEN BIO-6 Prior to rodent control measures being employed, a qualified biologist shall conduct protocol surveys to determine the presence of burrowing owls SEN BIO-7 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species SEN BIO-9 No rodenticide practices will be performed from April-June when the squirrels may be active. SEN BIO-10 All gopher holes will be identified by a qualified individual prior to rodenticide application. SEN BIO-11 No broadcasting will be performed. SEN BIO-12 Prohibit grain pesticide within 100 yards of the occupied habitat SEN BIO-13 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species SEN BIO-14


Fremont Wash #2 4-108-1B



Desert Knolls Wash #1 4-201-1A


SEN BIO-6 Prior to rodent control measures being employed, a qualified biologist shall conduct protocol surveys to determine the presence of burrowing owls SEN BIO-7 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species SEN BIO-14 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species SEN BIO-15 Prohibit grain pesticide within 100 yards of the occupied habitat SEN BIO-16 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species

Desert Knolls Wash #2 4-201-1B


N/A

Swarthout Creek 4-351-1A Fumigation = None Pesticide = None

Flume Creek 4-352-1A Fumigation = None Pesticide = None

Heath Creek 4-353-1A Fumigation = None Pesticide = None

Sheep Creek #1 4-354-1A Fumigation = None Pesticide = None

Sheep Creek #2 4-354-1B Fumigation = None Pesticide = None

Adelanto East Channel 4-355-1A


N/A

D Street SD 4-401-6A



Mojave Drive Channel #1

4-402-1A


N/A


4-402-1B




4-402-1C


N/A

El Evado Channel 4-405-1A


N/A

Hesperia East Channel 4-452-1A


N/A

Southwest Barstow Channel #1

4-501-1A


N/A

Southwest Barstow Channel #2

4-501-1B



North Barstow Channel 4-502-1A



Arrowhead Channel 4-503-1A

Fumigation = None Pesticide = 7 For commensal rodent control, outdoor use must be in tamper resistant bait boxes placed in areas inaccessible to wildlife.


Dean Wash Channel #1

4-504-1B



Dean Wash Channel #2

4-504-1C




Waterman Road Channel

4-507-1A



Lenwood Channel #1 4-601-1A


N/A

Lenwood Channel #2 4-601-1B


N/A

inaccessible to wildlife. Carcass surveys shall continue for at least five days after toxic baiting has ceased and thereafter until no more carcasses are found. Carcasses should be handled with care to avoid contact with parasites such as fleas Pesticide = 7 For commensal rodent control, outdoor use must be in tamper resistant bait boxes placed in areas inaccessible to wildlife.

Yermo Flood Channel #1

4-701-1A


N/A


4-701-1B Fumigation = None Pesticide = None

SEN BIO-6 Prior to rodent control measures being employed, a qualified biologist shall conduct protocol surveys to determine the presence of burrowing owls SEN BIO-7 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species SEN BIO-14 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species


4-701-1C


N/A

Daggett Channel #1 4-710-1A


N/A

Daggett Channel #2 4-710-1B


N/A

East Baker Channel 4-801-1A Fumigation = None

N/A

Pesticide = None

Baker Levee 4-802-5A


N/A

Arrowbear Creek 5-210-1A


Green Valley Creek 5-211-1A


Seeley Creek 5-312-1B


SEN BIO-8 Prohibit grain pesticide within 100 yards of the occupied habitat

Seeley Creek (West Branch)

5-313-1B



Hunsaker Drain 5-510-1A



Lucerne Valley Storm Drain

6-301-6B



Juanita Drainage Ditch 6-401-1A Fumigation = None Pesticide = None


29 Palms Flood Channel #1

6-402-1A


N/A


6-402-1B


N/A


6-402-1C Fumigation = None Pesticide = None



6-402-1D


N/A


6-402-1E


N/A

Pinto Cove Creek 6-403-1B Fumigation = None Pesticide = None


Yucca Creek #1 6-451-1A


N/A

Yucca Creek #2 6-451-1B


N/A

Yucca Creek #3 6-451-1C



Quail Wash 6-452-1A


N/A

Joshua Tree Wash 6-452-1A


N/A

Joshua Tree Wash 6-452-1B


N/A

Quail Wash Levee; COE

6-453-5A


N/A

Old Woman Springs Creek #1

6-454-1A


N/A

Old Woman Springs Creek #2

6-454-1B


N/A

Long Canyon Channel #1

6-456-1A



Long Canyon Channel #2

6-456-1B



Covington Wash Channel

6-457-1A


N/A

Hospital Channel 6-458-1A


N/A

High School Channel 6-458-1B


N/A

Burnt Mountain Wash 6-459-1A


N/A

Pinion Creek 6-475-1A


N/A

Church Street Channel 6-486-1A Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-

N/A


Little Morongo Creek 6-501-1A


N/A

Needles Flood Channel #1

6-601-1A


N/A

Needles Flood Channel #2

6-601-1B


Needles S Street Channel COE

6-603-1A



Eagle Pass Levee; COE

6-603-5A


N/A

S Street Channel Inlet Levee

6-603-5B


N/A

Needles-Sacramento Wash

6-604-1A


N/A

Needles Riverview Levee

6-608-5A



Knickerbocker Creek 6-701-1A


Ski Creek Culvert 6-701-6A


Grout Creek 6-703-1A


Rathbone Creek #1 6-704-1A


Rathbone Creek #2 6-704-1B


Rathbone Creek #3 6-704-1C


Sand Canyon Creek 6-704-1D Fumigate = 5 Trained Applicator: Use shall be supervised by a person (wildlife biologist, county agricultural commissioner, university extension advisor, state or federal official or others) who is trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-


South Trona Channel 6-801-1A



Argus Channel 6-802-1A


SEN BIO-6 Prior to rodent control measures being employed, a qualified biologist shall conduct protocol surveys to determine the presence of burrowing owls SEN BIO-7 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species SEN BIO-9 No rodenticide practices will be performed from April-June when the squirrels may be active. SEN BIO-10 All gopher holes will be identified by a qualified individual prior to rodenticide application. SEN BIO-11 No broadcasting will be performed. SEN BIO-12 Prohibit grain pesticide within 100 yards of the occupied habitat

SEN BIO-13 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species SEN BIO-14 Gas shall be used within the occupied habitat only by qualified individuals. Such persons shall be limited to wildlife biologists trained to distinguish dens and burrows of target species from those of non-target species

Trona Flood Channel #1

6-803-1A



Trona Flood Channel #2

6-803-1B



Rockcrusher Channel 6-804-1A


N/A

Borosolvay Channel #1 6-805-1A


N/A

Borosolvay Channel #2 6-805-1B


N/A

Borosolvay Channel #3 6-805-1C


N/A

Cemetery Channel 6-806-1A


N/A

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Whisson, D.A., T.P. Salmon, and W.P. Gorenzel. 2000. Reduced risk anticoagulant

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APPENDIX B - San Bernardino County, California · This Integrated Pest Management Plan (IPMP) provides objectives and methods for pest management at San Bernardino County Flood Control

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