Appendix A The Monro Family

Appendix AThe Monro Family

Legend traces the origins of the Clan Munro to an eleventh-century prince of Fermanagh.

Written records at least as far back as the fourteenth century show the Clan as occupying

ancestral lands north of Inverness, at Fowlis (pronounced `Fowls', hence the eagles in the

family arms). The chief of the Clan was made a baronet by Charles I.

Harold's branch of the Clan, the Monros of Fyrish, one of several cadet families, started

in the sixteenth century and later adopted the spelling `Monro'. In 1690 Alexander

Monro was dismissed as Principal of Edinburgh University and incumbent of St Giles

for his Jacobite sympathies; he was apparently sent to London so that the government

could keep an eye on him.

Dr James Monro (1680±1752), Alexander's son, became physician in charge of Bethle-

hem Hospital for Lunatics, the ancient asylum better known as Bedlam. He was succeeded

there by his son, Dr John Monro (1715±91). Both men were criticised for discouraging

research and for keeping their knowledge and patients to themselves. John went so far as

to say that madness was `a distemper of such a nature, that very little of real use can be

said concerning it`. A preference for doing rather than theorising was perhaps a family

characteristic, but there were probably good financial reasons for keeping a monopoly. In

1781 John acquired control of Brooke House, a medieval mansion in Hackney which had

been converted into a profitable asylum for patients from wealthy families.

John was a man of culture, a Shakespeare scholar, a friend of Hogarth and a keen

collector of books and prints. His house at 43 Bedford Square, Bloomsbury, one of the

newest and grandest squares in London, contained a fine library, rich in seventeenth-

century drama, travel books and many texts in French, Italian and Latin. He shared his

father's political opinions and is said to have frequented the Pretender's court in Rome.

It was presumably John's eminence which made Sir Harry Munro of Fowlis, 7th Bt,

entail his estates on the Monros of Fyrish, should his own line ever fail. Had enough

Munros and Monros died, Harold might have found himself heir to `the manor-place,

tower fortalice of Fowlis' and all its

tofts, crofts, . . . milns, multures, . . . all and sundry houses, biggings, yards, orchards,

mosses, muirs, marshes, outsets, insets, shealings, loanings, grazings, woods, fishings,

annexis, connexis, customs, arriages, carriages, secular services, tenants, tenandries,

and services of tenants, parts, pendicles, and whole universal pertinents.

John was survived by three sons, James, Charles and Thomas, all of whom inherited

shares in the profits from Brooke House. The wealth accumulated by James's line was

eventually left to Caius College by the last of his descendants, the law don who

befriended Harold. James's brother Charles had numerous descendants. One of his grand-

sons, Robert Webber Monro, became Chief Clerk to the House of Lords in 1901 (Robert

was a typical Monro of Harold's parents' generation: Harrow and Oxford, Lincoln's Inn

barrister, cricketer, supporter of London slum charities).

John was succeeded at both Bedlam and Brooke House by his third son, Thomas (1759±

1833), whose career coincided with a change in attitudes to madness. For centuries

266

Londoners had enjoyed watching the ravings of the Bedlamites, wretched creatures kept

in chains amid straw and filth, but the new sensibilities of the Enlightenment (and

perhaps the sufferings of George III, whom Thomas attended in 1811±12) made the

spectacle intolerable. A handsome classical building was erected in Lambeth (the core of

it survives as the Imperial War Museum), and the patients were ferried across London in a

fleet of hackney carriages. Even so they had to endure a first winter without glass in many

of the windows. Summoned before a Parliamentary committee in 1815, Thomas said his

methods had been `handed down to me by my father, and I do not know of any better

practice'. It emerged that he attended Bedlam `but seldom', and that at Brooke House

there were as many servants as patients ± and no chains. Chains were `fit only for pauper

lunatics', Thomas said; gentlemen would not like them. He was forced to resign.

But if Thomas was undistinguished as a physician, he remains famous as a patron of

artists. His discovery of the young Turner in 1791 is pictured in Arthur Sabin's autobio-

graphy:

riding his cob down Maiden Lane, Covent Garden, the Doctor saw drawings stuck up

in the shop window of Turner the barber. He rapped on the pane with his stick, and

enquired about them. `They are by my son,' said Mr Turner, not, I am sure, without

pride. `He is just sixteen and works for John Raphael Smith the engraver, colouring

mezzotints.' `Send him round to me of an evening,' said the Doctor, `and he can get

some practice with several other young artists, and make friends with them.'

Varley, De Wint, Linnell and Girtin were among the artists who regularly gathered at 4

Adelphi Terrace. Harold inherited some drawings by Thomas and his circle and sold them

to a Bloomsbury dealer in about 1917, presumably to raise money for the Bookshop. The

Victoria and Albert Museum had long been looking for products of Thomas's philan-

thropy, so some of the collection was acquired for the nation; an exhibition was organised

by Sabin, who was on the Museum's staff at the time. The Monro family was annoyed by

Harold's carelessness, but they came forward with more drawings and information. Sabin

thus met several of Harold's relations, including a cousin, William Foxley Norris, Dean of

York and later Westminster.

Thomas was replaced at Bedlam by his son, Edward Thomas Monro (1790±1856), whose

resignation in 1853 brought the long family rule there to an end. Edward Thomas married

a daughter of a Master in Chancery and Treasurer of the Foundling Hospital, and had

eleven children. He made a fortune from medico-legal work, but lost much of it through

extravagance.

Edward Thomas's eldest son, the Rev. Edward Monro, set up a short-lived school for

poor boys at Harrow Weald and then took a parish in Leeds, where he became famous for

his preaching. His Parochial Lectures on English Poetry and Other Subjects (1856) reveals a

love of poetry as passionate as Harold's, and some of his descriptions of boys discussing

literature might almost be portraits of Harold and Maurice at Cambridge:

Schoolboy days and college days, how they are mixed up with the first, deep consum-

ing passion of the love of poetry! . . . How many a long summer evening among hay-

cocks, or sitting in a little room with the window open, with one companion and no

candle, and the bat whirling outside, and the yellow glow of sunsat melting off to cool

the dewy twilight ± how many such scenes we remember, when we sat and talked of

poetry! or the long hot walk with that one friend we meant always to love, and in

loving whom we first learnt what love meant when we were both sixteen, and we

always have loved him, and always shall!

Appendix A 267

Edward Thomas's second son, Dr Henry Monro (1817±1891), Harold's grandfather, was

the fifth and last Monro doctor, although the DNB is mistaken in saying he was at Bedlam.

His hospital was actually another asylum, St Luke's, but he probably spent most of his

time in private practice. He owned a collection of valuable pictures, inherited from

Thomas, and was himself a talented portraitist. With Gladstone and others he founded

the House of Charity (now the House of St Barnabas), Soho, in 1846; this was originally a

hostel for families left homeless on the London streets, people who had sold all they had

to emigrate to the colonies only to find that shipwreck or swindle had made their tickets

worthless. At the House, as at Radley, where Henry sent his three eldest sons, High Church

observance was the rule.

Harold probably remembered his grandfather best at Orchardleigh (now the Lake

Hotel), Henry's villa at Bonchurch, Isle of Wight. Bonchurch was a favourite resort for

cultured Victorians. The largest house belonged to the Swinburne family, and the poet

spent much of his boyhood there. Dickens, Thackeray, Carlyle and Macaulay all spent

holidays in the village. Among the long-term residents was the educationist Elizabeth

Sewell, whose brother was the founder of Radley, a connection which may explain

Henry's choice of the school.

Henry Monro and his brother Theodore married two daughters of Sir William Russell on

5 April 1842. Sir William, another doctor, had earned his baronetcy for work in a cholera

epidemic ten years earlier. Theodore died in April 1843, having fathered one child,

Theodore Russell Monro. His widow then married Peter Margary; their only child was

Arabel Sophia, Harold's mother. So Sophia had a Monro half-brother and numerous

Monro first cousins, one of whom, Edward, became her husband.

Henry's eldest son, Russell, married Emily, daughter of Sir George Nugent, 3rd Bt,

grandson of a Field Marshal. The present Baronet, Sir Robin, tells me that Sir George's

diary records satisfaction at the match but also the expectation that the couple would not

be rich. Russell seems to have prospered, however, perhaps because he had a partnership

in a Yorkshire brewery. He lived as a country gentleman and lord of the manor at

Somerby, where he is still remembered locally as an autocrat.

Several other connections are worth noting. One of Harold's first cousins married a

lawyer named Matthew Arnold, a relation of the poet. The family firm of solicitors still

exists, the current partner, David Monro, being the son of Lionel and grandson of Fred,

both of whom worked for Harold, and great-grandson of Dr Henry's solicitor and first

cousin, another Frederic. In one of those complicated marriage patterns the family seems

to have been prone to, one of Fred's sisters married her first cousin, Percy; another married

Edward Weaver; and one of Percy's brothers married Maude Weaver. The two Weavers

were siblings of Harriet Shaw Weaver, editor of The Egoist and patron of James Joyce.

When Miss Weaver first decided to send money to Joyce, she did so anonymously through

Fred, who thereafter became a regular intermediary, earning an honoured place in Joyce

biography.

One of Dr Henry's daughters, Harold's Aunt Sophia, married R. T. Raikes, a barrister and

devoted Radleian. Their only son, Frederick Monro Raikes, who left Radley a year before

Harold went there, was killed in action in 1917. Aunt Sophia died a few years after her

marriage, so R. T. Raikes married again, producing five sons, all of whom went to Radley.

Raikes eventually became President of the Radleian Society; there is a conspicuous mem-

orial to him in the College chapel. He was one of Dr Henry's executors and a trustee of

Harold's parents' marriage settlement, so that his permission was needed if Harold wanted

to withdraw capital.

Harold is sometimes confused with his distant relative, Hector Hugh Munro, better

known as Saki, the author of satirical short stories. The two men were very different in

268 Appendix A

their political beliefs, but they had acquaintances in common, including Robert Ross, and

they probably knew each other; Saki is listed in the huge address book kept at the Poetry

Bookshop.

Sources

Several members of the Monro family, including Jim Jefferiss, Tom Curtis Hayward,

Kenneth Monro of Fyrish and David Monro, have helped me with information. D. Roe

and William Bayliss told me much about Somerby, and D. G. Saunders and Edna Funnell

shared their knowledge of the House of St Barnabas-in-Soho. Printed sources include

Alexander Mackenzie, History of the Monros of Fowlis (1898); Charles Ian Fraser, The Clan

Monro (1954); The Clan Monro Magazine ii (1954); Biblioteca Elegantissima Monroiana: A

Catalogue of the elegant and valuable library of John Monro M. D. (1792); Arthur Sabin,

Catalogue of an Exhibition of Drawings chiefly by Dr Thomas Monro (Victoria and Albert

Museum, 1917 [an error for 1927?]); Anthony Masters, Bedlam (1977); Edward O'Dono-

ghue, The Story of Bethlehem Hospital (1914); Denis Leigh, The Historical Development of

British Psychiatry i (1961). For Peter John Margary, see Institution of Civil Engineers

Proceedings cxxv, 409±10. Portraits of all five Monro doctors are reproduced in G. Wol-

stenholme, ed., The Royal College of Physicians: Portraits (1964). For Brooke House, see the

Survey of London xxviii (1960).

Appendix A 269

Appendix BGalloway Kyle and The Poetry Review

Kyle began as a newspaper journalist in his native Yorkshire, but soon went freelance. He

founded an `Authors' Association' in Darlington in 1902 with the Countess of Aberdeen

as President, but he soon aroused the suspicions of the Society of Authors; the Countess

quickly resigned. He denied that he was running a commercial agency, yet he charged fees

for reading and placing MSS. One of his letterheads claimed that the Association had a

Press Department with a hundred branches worldwide. In July 1907 an editorial in Truth

warned that he was offering to include poems in an anthology in return for cash. His

Authors' Association seems to have disappeared soon afterwards, but on 24 February 1909

he started the Poetry Recital Society (renamed the Poetry Society a few years later) in

London.

The Society's first President was Lady Margaret Sackville, herself a poet, and its Hon.

Patrons soon included Galsworthy, Bennett, Gilbert Murray, Florence Farr, Eustace Miles

and many others. It had a motto from Matthew Arnold: `A clearer and deeper sense of the

best in poetry and of the strength and joy to be drawn from it'. `Membership implies a

missionary spirit', Kyle wrote in 1910. Members were encouraged to devote an hour a day

to memorising verse, programmes of study were drawn up, and exams, prizes and a

diploma were announced. The Society's early success was undoubtedly a symptom of,

possibly even a contributory factor to, the great pre-war revival of interest in poetry.

Harold was one of many serious-minded people to be attracted by Kyle's outward show;

he was also one of the first to see through it.

In wresting The Poetry Review from its founder±editor in December 1912 (see Chapter 7

above), Kyle obtained a flourishing journal at no cost to himself. A victory had been won

for `Poetry', and the Society was no longer in danger of being trodden under the heels of

Rupert Brooke and other futuristic versifiers. The new editor, Stephen Phillips, would

supply ± or at any rate sign ± the right sort of editorials, and the promised `brilliant list' of

contributors would consist of docile nonentities. `Let the singing be full-throated and

from any bush', declared the Review's first 1913 editorial in Kyle's typical language. He

openly took over the editorship when Phillips died in 1916. Every now and then his

unsigned news columns contained a thinly veiled sneer at Harold and the Bookshop.

In October 1909 the Society's journal, The Poetical, later The Poetical Gazette, included an

announcement that a `slim edition of the poems of Mr Alfred Williams, the Swindon

forgeman', was to be published by a Mr Erskine Macdonald. This seems to be the first

mention of Macdonald, whose publications were thereafter recommended in the Gazette

and after 1912 often mentioned in the Review itself. He was always willing to consider

work by previously unknown poets. It was an ingenious arrangement: aspirants were

drawn in through the magazine, Macdonald published them at their own expense, and

Kyle made them feel successful by supplying generous reviews.

Macdonald cashed in on the adjective `Georgian' in 1915 by launching the `Little Books

of Georgian Verse'; anyone interested in becoming a `Georgian' poet in the series was told

that they would first have to buy four Little Books and subscribe to the Review. Business

prospered in 1914±18, London Opinion remarking approvingly that `Mr Erskine Macdonald

is the unofficial publisher in general to the poets of the British Army'. Most of

270

Macdonald's authors were sadly untalented, but Edmund Blunden's first book appeared in

the `Georgian' series, and Wilfred Owen would have been caught in the net if Harold had

not warned him off in 1916.

Mr Macdonald proved to be elusive. Royalty statements were hard to obtain, letters

went unanswered, and callers at his office were told he was out. Several poets, including

Emilia Lorimer and Max Plowman, wrote to Harold for help, but he had to be cautious,

having learned that Kyle knew how to use the law. He reluctantly ordered Macdonald

books if customers asked for them, and when he tried to resist high charges in 1915 Kyle

seems to have sued him successfully for a small sum.

Members of the public often confused the Poetry Bookshop with the Poetry Society,

sometimes writing to the wrong address. Kyle probably took the chance to reply, advert-

ising his own services; Harold accused him of `fraudulently appropriating' the shop's mail

in 1916. By 1918 Erskine Macdonald Ltd, as the business had now become, was insisting

on cash with orders and a discount of only one percent unless books were ordered by the

dozen, terms which Harold rejected as exorbitant.

All this provoked laughter as well as fury at the Bookshop. Alida and Harold sometimes

exhanged news of an invented war poet, Rawnsley Atkinson Smythe, whose Poems,

Paeans, and Posies were typical of the work of many Macdonald `songsters'. Smythe was

no doubt named after W. F. Rawnsley and the Alfred Smythe who had announced himself

to Harold as no `mushroom' in 1912. Alida even sent in some spoof war poems to the

Review under the name of Miss Gwladys Smythe; Kyle did not print them, but he offered

to consider them for publication at Miss Smythe's expense.

In 1919 Kyle said he would do no further business with the Bookshop. Harold replied

that his friends had been amused by the letter, and that the shop would no longer attempt

to conceal Kyle's methods. The response was vituperative, but Kyle knew the game was

up. The Society of Authors had received so many complaints from members ± fourteen in

1917 alone ± that its journal had finally exposed him in April 1918, revealing, inter alia,

the obvious truth that `Mr Macdonald' did not exist. Kyle sued for libel, but had to delay

in order to accumulate funds. Evidence was provided by Harold and many others. When

the case came before the Lord Chief Justice in 1922, the jury had no difficulty in finding

for the defendants. Kyle was ordered to pay costs, but was unable to comply, so the Society

of Authors had to raise emergency cash (this was the origin of its modern Defence Fund).

Kyle said in court that he had chosen the name Erskine Macdonald because he had been

`rather attracted' to it; presumably he had hoped it might be confused with that of Elkin

Mathews. The idea for the `Little Books of Georgian Verse' was blatantly copied from

Mathews, who had invented the system of cheap series publishing for new poetry; his

`Little Books for Little Folks', a series of children's books, may have been the source of

Kyle's title. A further confusion could be hoped for after 1912: by lucky chance the editor

of Georgian Poetry identified himself only as `E. M.' (at least one reviewer fell into this

trap).

The Macdonald imprint seems to have disappeared after the trial, but its perpetrator

continued unabashed with the Poetry Society and the Review. `Kyle still thrives,' Harold

told Pound on 18 February 1930, `(and as far as I know his daughters still attend the Band

of Hope) and The Poetry Review has reached the end of its twentieth volume'. Kyle was still

thriving in 1947, when Muriel Spark took over from him as editor; even after that, he and

his wife stayed on in the handsome flat the Society had provided for them. The new editor

found it was usual for poets to send in their work with cheques enclosed, made out to Kyle

personally; she soon concluded that he was thoroughly dishonest, as devoid of scruples as

he was of genuine culture.

Appendix B 271

Sources

I am grateful to Muriel Spark, John Heath-Stubbs, Kate Pool (Society of Authors) and

Chris Green (Poetry Society) for information. The Monro±Kyle correspondence is at BL.

39. See also The Author (March 1903) 171±2, (April 1918) 114±15, (April 1922) 232±8,

(Summer 1968) 71±3; Muriel Spark, Curriculum Vitae (1992); and my `A publisher of First

World War poetry: Galloway Kyle', Notes and Queries (June 1986), 185±6.

272 Appendix B

Sources

The five main collections of Harold Monro and Poetry Bookshop papers, at the British

Library, the Berg Collection and the Universities of Michigan, California at Los Angeles

and New York at Buffalo, are noted below. Yale University and the University of Texas at

Austin have numerous letters between Monro and his literary acquaintances. There are

smaller collections at the other libraries listed below, and at the Lilly Library, University of

Indiana; the Newberry Library, Chicago; the John Rylands Library, University of Manches-

ter; the Brotherton Library, University of Leeds; and elsewhere.

The following abbreviations are used in the notes:

AdR Arundel del Re.

AK Alida Klemantaski (Monro).

BL British Library, Monro papers, Additional MSS 57734±68. My references are

abbreviated: e.g., BL.47 indicates Add. MS 57747. BL is the principal collec-

tion of HM's and AK's personal papers (letters between them, diaries, note-

books), general correspondence, Bookshop business records, rhyme sheets,

press cuttings, etc. Bought from AK's executors in 1971. Described in Jenny

Stratford, The Arts Council Collection of Literary Manuscripts 1963±1972

(1974), 140±53.

Buffalo Poetry/Rare Books Collection, State University of New York at Buffalo. A

large, miscellaneous collection of letters, mainly to HM from other poets.

Harvard Houghton Library, Harvard University.

HM Harold Monro.

HRC Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center, University of Texas at Austin.

Huntington Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

JG Joy Grant.

King's King's College Library, Cambridge.

MB Maurice Browne.

NY Berg Collection, New York Public Library. Correspondence between HM

and Edward Marsh.

Oxford Bodleian Library, University of Oxford.

RT Ruth Tomalin, or typescripts and photocopies made by her from originals

lent to her by AK's executors, and from other sources, c. 1970. Most, but by

no means all, of the originals are in BL. Where the originals are missing, the

RT copies are now in BL, together with RT transcripts from Arthur Sabin's

autobiography, and letters and other papers sent by AdR to Ruth Tomalin

in 1969±70.

UC Department of Special Collections, University Research Library, University

of California at Los Angeles. The main collection of Bookshop correspond-

ence (3 boxes) and HM's MS verse, plays, stories (5 boxes: mostly not

paginated, so that one can usually only give references to the box and

sometimes the file, e. g. UC.5Q).

UI University Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

UM Special Collections Library, University of Michigan at Ann Arbor. MB's

papers, including many letters between him and HM.

273

UT McFarlin Library, University of Tulsa.

Yale Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.

Giving a reference for every quotation from the main collections would have made the

Notes impossibly long. All letters between HM and AK, and all HM's diaries, are in BL; all

letters between HM and MB are in UM; and all these MSS are filed in chronological order.

References are only given when the source might otherwise be difficult to find.

274 Sources

Notes

To save repetition, references to a published source which is drawn on more than once are

usually given as author's name, date of publication and page number. An abbreviated title

is also given if confusion might otherwise occur. Full titles can be found in the Biblio-

graphy. Place of publication London unless otherwise stated. Consecutive references are

sometimes given in one note, identified by key words where necessary.

In quoting from MSS, I have eliminated ampersands and made minor amendments to

spelling and punctuation. Omitting apostrophes was a fashion of the time.

The quotations at the heads of chapters are all from HM's poems or verse drafts.

Introduction

1 Devonshire Street: renamed in the 1930s (after the original builder, not Johnson's

Boswell). There was already a Boswell Court across the road ± hence, no doubt, the

name of one of HM's young men, Boswell Gary.

Chapter 1. Inheritance

1 AK left reminiscences of HM and his family in various brief attempts at a biography

(BL.47) and in her last memoir (RT). Other sources for this chapter include HM's

autobiographical notes (BL.43) and his `How I Began' (1913).

2 AK, last memoir.

3 Edward Monro, The Parish (1853).

4 BL.36 (A).

5 Information about Radley and HM's career there is from College registers, magazine,

archives and Boyd (1948). The archives contain a file of letters assembled in 1965 by

Michael Meredith and James Thomson for an article on HM in The Radleian.

6 Wilkinson (1934), 68±9.

7 Wilkinson (1934), 69±70, refers to a distinguished Old Radleian, unnamed but clearly

HM, whose recent obituary in The Radleian had not mentioned that he had been

expelled for a homosexual offence. Wilkinson confirmed the reason for HM's expul-

sion in a 1965 letter to Thomson (n.5 above), adding that it was another boy, not HM,

who was sacked for having drink in his study. Entries in HM's diaries suggest that he

considered sending his own son to Radley. The Times of 17 July 1929 published a letter

from him about the College's fortunes in the Henley Regatta, and one of his notebooks

contains a nostalgic, unfinished poem about revisiting the school.

8 `How I Began'.

Chapter 2. Cambridge 1898±1902

1 MB to HM, n. d. [Nov 1905] (UM). The story of HM and the bookmaker is told in Flint's

introduction to HM (1933). Flint seems to have taken much of his information from

AK, whose knowledge of HM's early life was sketchy.

275

2 The Caian records HM only once as a sportsman, rowing in the second boat in the

Lent races, 1899. BL has the libretto of a comic opera he wrote at Cambridge.

3 MB to his mother, 27 Jan. 1901 (UM).

4 AK to HM, 6 Apr. 1917 (BL.48). MB's great-grandfather, father, nephew and brother

committed suicide. His grandfather made several attempts and was confined as a

lunatic for a time. His father's suicide was reported in gruesome detail in The East

Anglian Times (1 Aug. 1894).

5 Wilkinson (1934) describes MB. They were friends for many years.

6 `Song to Sleep', The Granta (14 Mar. 1901). `The Pine Tree' (anon., but said by a later

reviewer to be by HM), The Caian (Lent 1901).

7 Quotations from MB (1955). MB to HM, [Nov. 1905] (UM), recalls seeing the portrait

of Keats at Connaught Square. MB (1955), 65, remembers it at Caius, Haslemere and

the Bookshop. AdR (Apr. 1932) describes it in the tower at Florence and says it was of

Shelley, but RT, who saw it in AK's house long after HM's death, tells me it was

certainly of Keats.

8 The Caian (Lent 1902). HM also read this paper and one on Goethe to the University

Modern Language and Literature Society (scripts at UC).

9 Straus's novel eventually appeared much revised as The Man Apart (1906). A poem by

him declaring his orientation survives in an album kept by MB (UM).

10 Many details in the preceding few pages are from MB's letters, but Sophia's exclama-

tion is from AK (memoir, RT), who heard the story from Sophia herself.

Chapter 3. Ireland 1902±6

1 HM to MB, verse letter, n. d. [late 1902] (UM).

2 Quoted, Eastbourne and Sussex Society (8 Dec. 1903).

3 MB (1955), 75.

4 Several letters are missing or incomplete. MB (1955) fudges the story. One of his

letters soon after Monte Carlo mentions a debt of £500 to HM, but an Oct. 1905 letter

says HM had refused a loan. Perhaps the refusal was to a second request. HM wrote a

long, outspoken letter to MB after the fiasco, but MB kept only the end of it, a

declaration of spiritual friendship.

5 Sussex Country Herald (12 Dec. 1903); Eastbourne Chronicle (5 Dec.); Eastbourne and

Sussex Society (8 Dec.).

6 In MB's album (UM).

7 Woolmer (1986) gives details: 100 copies, and two bound in vellum, privately printed

by the Chiswick Press, 1905. The dedications seem to have been printed by mistake;

HM advised that they should be omitted from a reprint (11 copies) in Dec. 1906.

Chapter 4. The Samurai 1906±8

1 Bentinck (1919).

2 Information on the Gooches and Hylands from family albums ( Jill White) and Essex

Archives (including reminiscences quoted in Jane Dansie, `Hylands: Family Home

through 200 years: a stage documentary'). According to Dansie, Curly eventually lost

a leg to frostbite; for his Antarctic adventure (he only got as far as S. Georgia), see R.

Huntford, Shackleton (1985), 396.

3 Untitled story, filed as `Oswald', UC.7.

276 Notes

4 MS dated Apr. 1906 (UC). HM's diary first mentions the Samurai on 15 Apr.; by the

18th he was drafting rules. UC.6Q has his Samurai papers. UM has MB's: creeds,

comments, prospectus, etc.; letters from Sabin, Green, Skilton, Guthrie, Ficke; MB's

explanatory notes: press cuttings, including a few from Australia (Straus seems to

have gone there soon after his visit to Ranworth ± hence his absence from later

Samurai activities). UI has nine letters and a draft prospectus from MB to Wells,

1906±10; eight from HM to Wells, 1907±11; three from Wells to HM, 1907±8.

5 Drinkwater (1932), 223±4.

6 HM, Poems (1906), No. 37 in the Vigo Cabinet Series (the number was later changed).

HM probably had to pay Mathews a commission. Among the poets already in the

series were at least four he was to know later: Yeats, Plarr, Masefield, Gibson. Two

sonnets in Poems were published in The Idler in July (`my first remunerated appear-

ance in print').

7 R. C. Carton, Lady Huntworth's Experiment (Samuel French, c.1900). Audiences at

Chelmsford, Colchester and Braintree were enthusiastic, according to local news-

papers.

8 Press cuttings (UM).

9 Farnham, Haslemere and Hindhead Herald (4 Nov. 1908). Green seems to have been a

friend of Curly Gooch, which may explain why the Monros chose to live at Haslemere.

10 Mentions of `the Russells' in HM's diaries seem to have misled AK into believing he

had been friendly with Bertrand. Bertrand often stayed at Hindhead, but I have found

no evidence that HM met him. HM's Russell ancestors seem to have been unrelated to

Rollo's family.

11 MB to Ficke, 21 Apr. 1907 (UM).

12 Friedrich Nietzsche, Thus Spoke Zarathustra, tr. R. J. Hollingdale (1969), 42.

13 Sabin: RT transcripts.

14 Wells's creed (copies, with a covering letter, UC, UM, UI) was a summary of a lecture,

`The Faith I Hold', given to the Fabians on 6 Dec. 1907 (HM was in the audience).

15 MB (1955), 89±94. MB's 1907±8 letters reveal some of the true story, including names.

On 16 Oct., still on Capri, he told Spedding he didn't love Rosina and couldn't afford

to have children; presumably Spedding persuaded or tricked him into taking her to

Sicily.

16 Straus to HM, n. d. [1907±8] (UM). MB later pretended he had been keen to take

Rosina back to Italy.

17 Warren Sylvester Smith, The London Heretics 1870±1914 (1967), gives an informative

account of Coit and other reformers.

18 HM, `The Inglenook' (1910).

19 See Woolmer (1986). Sabin also printed a few books for Guthrie's Pear Tree Press.

20 Eight titles had been published by Sep. 1907, mostly priced at 2s. Print runs seem to

have varied from 300 to 500 copies. If income from sales was £35, Maurice must have

sold about 350 books, leaving perhaps as many as 3000 unsold.

21 Gibson to MB, 28 Apr. 1907 (UM).

22 MS: UC.7.

Chapter 5. Pilgrimage to Freedom 1908±9

1 He weighed himself in clothes and boots at 11st. 71b. In 1896 as a schoolboy in

rowing clothes, and in 1929 as a sanatorium patient fully clothed, his weight was

exactly one stone less.

Notes 277

2 HM to Wells, 23 May 1908 (UI).

3 A UC notebook contains drafts of over 40 of these poems, some unfinished. 18 are

dated between 18 and 23 June 1908 (Florence); 11 between 29 June and 26 July

(Gland); 2 in Aug.; and 9 between 8 Sep. and 1 Oct. (mostly Waidberg). The last

(`So wayward') is 30 June 1910. Revised versions of 21 of these, and 9 new pieces, were

published in Before Dawn as `Impressions'.

4 `A modern Hermit', typed article (UC.7); a companion piece, `The ideal air-bath',

describes HM's arrival at Waidberg. Both articles seem intended for publication; his

diary for June 1909 mentions typing and posting `2 newspaper articles'. Harald

Szeemann has kindly sent me photocopies of an old album of Waidberg photographs

which confirm HM's description. The brochure specifies a Bircher-Benner diet.

5 1908±9 diaries give dates: `The Tomb of Christ' (conceived and completed, 30 Dec.);

`The Kingdom of Christ' (begun and nearly finished, 3 Jan.); `God' (begun, 6 Jan.);

`Two Visions' (conceived and completed, 9 Jan.); `Dawn of Womanhood' (in progress,

17 Jan.). All these poems are in Before Dawn.

6 The Poetical: The Official Journal of the Poetry Recital Society i. 2 (Jan. 1910). HM's lecture

is at UC.

Chapter 6. The Mountain and the Tower 1909±11

1 Ascona: see Szeemann (1978), a detailed and richly illustrated catalogue, and Green

(1986). Some of the Monte Verita buildings are now a museum.

2 Leopold Wolfling, My Life Story (New York, 1931).

3 See Ralph Freedman, Hermann Hesse: Pilgrim of Crisis (1979).

4 Not the modern Casa Sasso, apparently built in the twenties. Old maps show a

hexangular room attached to the next house up the hill.

5 HM to AK, 11 Aug. 1913.

6 Extracts from BL.36 (B). Pan emerging from the woods was a theme of the period, as

in e.g. stories by E. M. Forster and Saki.

7 HM's diary does not mention MB's involvement, nor does MB (1955) mention HM's,

but MB had certainly suggested that they should share a flat in Florence. MB refers to

the tower in a letter to his mother of 8 July, when HM was still in England. HM signed

the lease on 18 Aug. MB contributed to the rent, keeping up payments for some years;

he stayed in the tower in 1914.

8 AdR (Apr. 1932), 323±4.

9 HM, `Florentine Evening' (UC.7). Information about AdR from his letters to Ruth

Tomalin, 1969±72. See also Who Was Who and Balliol College registers.

10 The Florence Herald (1910±11), Biblioteca Nazionale, Florence.

11 Letters to W. B. Yeats, ed. R. J. Finneran (1977), 259. Craig was annoyed when he wrote

this letter; he became friendly with HM in later years and remembered him as `a good

fellow'.

12 Thomas to HM, 19 May 1911 (Buffalo). Writing to Wells on 15 July (UI), HM said he

was thinking of taking a cottage in England for perhaps seven months a year.

13 Sabin gave a date which RT copied as 7 July, JG as 7 June; June seems more likely, as

HM used the tower as an address for a letter to MB on 19 July.

14 AdR to RT, 30 Nov. 1969.

15 AdR, incomplete typescript apparently made from a recorded interview, c. June 1967

(RT).

278 Notes

Chapter 7. The Poetry Review 1911±12

1 Carpenter to HM, 3 Oct. 1911 (UC).

2 For HM's dealings with the Poetry Society, see his `Personal Explanation', Poetry &

Drama i. 1 ( Jan. 1913) and BL.39.

3 Letters from Edward Thomas to Gordon Bottomley, ed. R. G. Thomas (1968), 218±9.

4 Newbolt, New Paths on Helicon (1927), 378±9.

5 HM's income for 1911 was about £1500, mostly from Brooke House and a few

dividends. Out of that he paid £275 to Dorothy (there may have been a second,

similar payment, as he had agreed to pay her £400 a year when they separated), £103

to Oedenkoven (rent for Casa Sasso?), £200 for purchase of the mill house, £103 rent

for the Chancery Lane office and associated expenses, and a £100 float for the Review

(BL.44).

6 AdR (1934), 30±1.

7 HM had presumably chosen Essex to be within reach of the Gooches.

8 Woolf (1977), 289.

9 Rhys, Everyman Remembers (1931), 271. Eric Homburger, `A glimpse of Pound in 1912

by Arundel del Re', Paideuma iii. 1 (Spring 1974), 85±8. See also Rhys, Letters from

Limbo (1936), 222±4.

10 Pound to HM, 28 Oct. 1913 (UC).

11 Pound to HM, n.d. [Gibson]; 21 Feb. n.y. [Aberbubble] (UC).

12 BL.40 and RT.

13 For Watt, see The Student, Edinburgh University (1907), 271±2, 709±10, 762±4.

14 Pound (1988), 249.

15 Marsh, Brooke, Gibson and Sassoon all mention this ordeal in letters or memoirs.

16 The text of Hulme's 1912 lecture is apparently not known; I assume that then and on

other occasions HM heard the arguments in the `Lecture on Modern Poetry' in

Roberts (1938), 258±70.

17 Pound to Aldington, 14 Jan. [1928?] (HRC).

18 Church (1964), 57±64. Flint's papers (HRC) include correspondence with HM and

others. His article is reprinted and discussed in Pondrom (1974). My account of the

development of Imagism draws on letters by Flint and Pound (HRC).

19 HM to Drinkwater, 10 Aug. 1912 (Yale). Watt to HM, 22 Aug. 1912 (BL.40).

20 Press cutting, Gooch family album ( Jill White).

21 Nelson (1989) gives an invaluable account of Mathews.

22 Marsh (1939), 320±2, and AdR (Sep. 1932), 464±5, agree on the six persons at the lunch.

Drinkwater (1932), 228, adds Abercrombie and omits AdR and Gibson, but he is unreli-

able; he implies he already knew Marsh, but his first surviving letter to Marsh, 29 Sep.

1912 (NY), thanks him for being friendly to a stranger. See also Hassall (1959), 190.

23 Marsh (1939), 325. HM, `Personal Recollections of Rupert Brooke' (1930). Hassall

(1964), 360. Drinkwater had been in correspondence with Gibson for a year or more.

24 Marsh (1939), 322.

25 Marsh (1939), 324 [curious], 328 [Crowley]. HM to Brooke, 9 Feb. 1913 (King's).

Drinkwater (1932), 224.

26 Rogers (1977), 102.

27 HM, `Personal Recollections . . .' (1930). Brooke (1968), 403, and unpublished post-

card to HM, 3 Oct. 1912 (described in a Michael Silverman catalogue, 1994). See also

JG (1967), 50.

28 Cambridge Magazine (23 Nov. 1912). Lecture text at UC.

29 Alford: obituary, King's College Annual Report (Nov. 1960), 14±15.

Notes 279

Chapter 8. The Poetry House

1 Sitwell (1949), 35. AK, quoted JG (1967), 61. See also AdR (1932±4), MB (1955), etc.

Fletcher to HM, 5 Jan. 1913, and sonnet, `Poetry in the Slum', dated 3 Jan. (Yale).

2 Information from Post Office directories (Guildhall Library); Royal Commission on

Historical Monuments, London ii (1925), which describes the street as in `fairly good'

condition and mentions the `modillioned cornice and pediment' of No. 35; Hamilton

(1926); Greater London Record Office photographs (82.0 DEV). Cecil House, first

annual report (1927), contains interior photos of the house in 1927.

3 Bottomley to HM, 8 Jan. 1923 (NY).

4 H. S. Ede, Savage Messiah (1931), 189±90 [Gaudier]. Gibson, `Gold', Friends (1916);

`The First Meeting', Hazards (1947).

5 Disher to JG, n.d. (UT). Gillett, `The Poetry Bookshop', BBC Third Programme talk, 28

Sep. 1962 (RT).

6 Abercrombie to HM, n.d. (Buffalo). Frost to Flint, 18 May 1914 (HRC). Vines to HM,

n.d. (UC). Hulme to HM, postmark 3 July 1914 (Donald Gallup).

7 HM to Lowell, 24 Jan. 1914 (Harvard). Watkinson et al. (BL.40).

8 Song of Love: The Letters of Rupert Brooke and Noel Olivier, ed. Pippa Harris (New York,

1991), 234: Brooke said his reading had been very well attended, but the register tells

another story.

9 Marsh (1939), 295. Waugh (1917), 287. Monroe, `The Editor in England', Poetry (Oct.

1923), 35. Other details from JG (1967), 75±86, register of readings (BL. 56), RT, etc.

Rhys Davies (1969), 104±5, describes Eliot, Wickham and Edith Sitwell as readers,

shadowy figures in the `religious air of repose'.

10 Frost (1965), 105. Fletcher (1937), 50. Fletcher should have been more appreciative:

when he first made contact with HM in 1912 he was in despair at not being pub-

lished; The Poetry Review made his name known.

11 HM's diaries often note `Yeats' on a Monday, although an undated letter to him from

Pound implies that he stayed away for a while because Pound was there. Nevinson

(1937), 65, remembers HM at Hulme's parties. Violet Hunt to HM, n.d. [1918] (HRC),

implies that he had been among her and Hueffer's guests before the war.

12 HM to Flint, 11 Sep. 1912 (HRC).

13 Brooke to HM, 11 June 1913, from New York (King's). Advertisement in Georgian

Poetry 1916±1917.

14 HM, `The Poetry Bookshop . . .' (1914).

Chapter 9. Alida 1913±14

1 Poets' Club: founded 1907 on a suggestion from Gosse. Hulme was treasurer for the

first few years. The Second Book of the Poets Club (1911) contains a poem by HM.

2 AK, notebook: BL.36 (O) . Other information from her last memoir.

3 HM's paper: UC.7.

4 Woolf (1982), 294. AK's father is also officially recorded as a `Russian merchant'. She

herself said he was Polish.

5 MB (1955), 162. MB wrongly says the party was on the first night of the ballet. HM's

guest list: BL.56 (A). Alford's Doves, first shown at a Post-Impressionist and Futurist

exhibition at the DoreÂ, Oct. 1913, is now in Jerusalem; another version is in the Tate.

Correspondence about Doves: HM to Alford, Margaret Epstein to HM (UC). The story

of covering the sculpture was told to me by Samuel Hynes, who heard it from AK.

280 Notes

6 MB gave an ebullient interview about his theatre to The Pall Mall Gazette (24 July

1913).

7 Gibson: details from his MSS (Brotherton Library) and his letters to Marsh (NY) and

MB (UM). Abercrombie to HM, 21 Oct. [1913] (Buffalo). Several of HM's correspond-

ents expressed surprise that he was not involved in New Numbers. He told Drinkwater

on 23 Dec. 1913 (Yale) that he had been very upset.

8 `Devonshire (street) Cream', BL.57.

9 HM to Lowell, 24 Mar. 1915 (Harvard).

10 Quoted, Times (5 May 1914). Details of Marinetti's visit and the Cabaret from his

letters to HM (UC), press reports, Cork (1976), Marsh (1939), Nevinson (1937), Wees

(1972) etc.

11 Press cuttings (BL.66).

12 Rhyme sheets: see Woolmer (1988). Once again, HM seems to have borrowed an idea

from Elkin Mathews, who had published broadsheets ten years earlier with poems by

Masefield, Yeats and others (Oxford, John Johnson Collection).

13 Lewis (1937), 111±12.

14 `Harold Monro who . . . shepherds the ``Imagist'' poets', Herbert Palmer, `Modern

English Poetry', Vox Studentium ii, 7±8 (c.1924, copy at UC).

15 Pound (1932). Basil's parody: Chapbook (May 1921), part-reprinted in Peter Jones, ed.

Imagist Poetry (1972), 151±2.

16 Aldington to HM, 25 May 1914 (UC), and to Charles Norman, 5 Nov. 1960 (HRC).

17 Lewis (1937), 36. Wees (1972) shows from newspaper reports that Lewis is unreliable.

See also Cork (1976), 232. The Bookshop archives contain a copy of the Nevinson

manifesto (UC).

18 Abercrombie to Marsh, n.d. [summer 1914] (NY).

19 Cutting (BL.57) from the Literary Digest (25 Apr. 1914).

20 Trench to HM, 20 June 1914 (UC).

21 MB (1955), 164.

22 Pound to HM, n.d. [ June 1914] (UC). Gillett, see ch.8 n.5. Fletcher to HM, n.d. (UC).

Fletcher certainly gave £10, although he was later so annoyed by inefficiencies in the

editorial office that he insisted on being paid for contributions like everyone else.

23 Ould (1947), 365±6. Lowell (1914), 6.

24 AdR (Sep. 1932), 42.

Chapter 10. War 1914±16

1 Hassall (1964), 459.

2 Thomas to HM, n.d. [autumn 1914] (Buffalo).

3 HM, `A True Adventure . . .' (1928). Cournos to JG, 23 Dec. 1961 (UT), describes HM

pleading with a young poet, almost certainly Basil.

4 Roger Hogg, `W. W. Gibson: People's Poet', unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of

Newcastle (1990), points out that `Breakfast', first published 17 Oct. 1914, derives

from a story in The Nation (4 Oct.).

5 JG (1967), 85±6. HM to Lowell, 24 Mar. 1915 (Harvard), and Lowell (1915) are

important sources of information about the Bookshop. Later Lowell±HM corres-

pondence is sometimes prickly.

6 HM, `Personal Recollections of Rupert Brooke' (1930).

7 `HM was in love . . .': quoted to me by Wickham's son James Hepburn, 1995. Her

unpublished poem, `To Harold Monro', is at HRC. The entirely different poem of the

Notes 281

same title in Writings (1984), 332, should probably be read as affectionately humor-

ous, although `The Indictment', 342, seems harsher; both these poems refer to AK

with scorn and envy. AK to HM, 27 Oct. 1930, implies that he and Wickham had

spent a night together.

8 Eliot (1988), 59 and note.

9 JG (1967), 101±2, gives the story Aiken told her, correcting the version in Charles

Norman, Ezra Pound (1960). See also T. S. Eliot: A Symposium, ed. R. Marsh and

Tambimuttu (1965), 22.

10 Aiken (1978), 36±7, 39. Unpublished letters to HM, 22 Oct. 1913, 5 Apr., 22 May, 3

July 1914 (Harvard). Aiken drew HM's attention to `The Pall Bearers', a poem by the

unnamed friend; as far as I know, there is no Eliot poem of this title.

11 Aiken to Norman, 30 Oct. 1960 (HRC), alters the story by saying `Prufrock' was

submitted to Poetry and Drama by mail, and HM described it as insane some time

after the July party.

12 Carpenter (1988), 257±8. Pound (1951), 108.

13 HM to W. L. Phelps, 22 June 1920 (Buffalo).

14 The lettering on the cover was by AK, who had been teaching herself calligraphy.

15 Newbolt to HM, 31 Jan. Sabin to HM, 21 Jan. 1914 (UC). Palmer (1938), 180.

16 Early work for the poem appears in a c.1909±10 notebook (UC). Pound's amend-

ments: UC.5N.

17 William Cooke, Edward Thomas: A Critical Biography (1970), 264. Eleanor Farjeon,

Edward Thomas: The Last Four Years (1958), 104. The lack of any 1915±17 letters from

Thomas to HM in the collection at Buffalo does not prove that the friendship ended;

UC has two 1915 letters, 11 Apr. and 24 Dec., the second suggesting a meeting. Many

of the earlier letters are to do with Poetry and Drama business.

18 The Peasant Shop had connections with several Jewish artists whom HM knew,

including Isaac Rosenberg and John Rodker. Rodker to HM, n.d. (UC), accepts an

invitation from HM to become assistant editor on Poetry and Drama if a vacancy

should occur. (But HM loathed Rodker's later poems, often quoting one of them in

lectures as an example of Modernism carried to an absurd extreme.)

19 Cambridge Magazine: E. J. Dent, `Rupert Brooke' (8 May 1915), 390±6; HM, `Some

Thoughts . . .' (22 May). HM to EM, 19 May 1915 (NY).

20 Aldington (1968), 100 [lunch]. Aldington to HM, 22 Feb. 1915 (UC). Flint's papers

(HRC) confirm the hostile intention of his article. Wartime letters (HRC) by him,

Aldington, H. D. and Cournos, contain bitter comments about Pound.

21 Robert P. Eckert, Edward Thomas: A Biography and Bibliography (1937), 165.

22 `Carrion'. Basil is recorded on the Loos memorial as having no known grave, but his

body was later identified in the Canadian No. 2 Cemetery, Neuville St Vaast.

23 Divorce file, PRO (WD 7414).

24 Owen (1967), 360±5.

25 Bridges, Selected Letters (1983), 690. HM to Marsh, 19 Mar. 1916 (NY).

26 For AK's friendship with Mew, see Fitzgerald (1984).

27 Pound to HM, n.d. [1915] (UC).

28 Owen (1967), 382±4 (where the letter is wrongly dated 5 March), 501.

29 Shanks, `The Week-end school of Poetry', My England (1938), 61.

30 Ross (1967), 153. Thomas (1995), 127.

31 Frost (1965), 185; de la Mare to HM, several 1915 letters (HRC); Fletcher to HM, 9 Mar.

1915 (UC); Lawrence, Letters ii (1981), 581. Jean Moorcroft Wilson, Siegfried Sassoon

(1998), 262. HM to Rothenstein, several 1915±16 letters (Harvard). Pound (1951),

132, and letters to HM (UC). Eliot (1988), 125: `my putative publisher will probably

282 Notes

be conscripted' (10 Jan. 1916) ± to whom does this refer, if not to HM? Aldington as

literary editor of The Egoist, the magazine which finally published Eliot's book in June

1917? But Eliot could hardly have described him as a publisher, and I'm not sure

anyone had as yet suggested the Egoist Press might take on the book.

32 Laurence Housman, ed., War Letters of Fallen Englishmen (1930), 301. BL.40 has the

originals of this and other letters from Wilson to HM. Mrs Wilson wanted to get her

son's letters into print after the war, but HM could not find a publisher. A collection

of Wilson's writings was published in New York as Waste Paper Philosophy (1920).

33 HM's army file, released in 1998 (PRO), records details: height 5'10'', weight 150 Ib.,

chest 39'', physical development `Good'. Slight chronic colitis, first suffered at Volun-

teer camp while at Cambridge. Varicose veins in legs. Fit for service, except infantry.

Certificate of moral character signed by Edward Marsh from 10 Downing Street.

Chapter 11. Casualty 1916±19

1 Waugh (1962), 192±3, dates this reading autumn 1915, but summer 1916 was the

only time HM could have been seen in private's uniform. Waugh was introduced to

HM in 1917 by Ian Mackenzie.

2 Note for a post-war lecture in Manchester (BL.37).

3 Scattered hints of these quarrels with Hewlett survive in letters from him to HM

(Harvard) and to AK (RT), all n.d., and in AK's letters to HM and her last memoir.

4 AK to HM, n.d. [probably 15 Dec. 1916]. Boulton: probably Sir Harold Boulton, 2nd

Bt, a minor poet. HM had known him in France.

5 Watson, The Man Who Saw (1917).

6 HM to Hodgson, 17 Nov. 1916 (Yale).

7 Eliot, `Reflections on Contemporary Poetry', The Egoist (Sep. 1917), 119.

8 AK's copy of Strange Meetings has a place name against each poem title, and some dates.

9 Gosse to HM, 21 Apr. 1917 (UC).

10 BL.36 (O), AK's notebook of poems. HM could see her poetry was poor, so to save

embarrassment she pretended it was by an imaginary Gladys Biff.

11 Owen (1967), 506, 508, 511.

12 Apteryx [Eliot], `Verse Pleasant and Unpleasant', The Egoist (Mar. 1918), 43±4.

13 HM to Drinkwater, 12 Dec. 1917 (Yale).

14 Some of these consignments may have gone to the War Office. It had certainly

ordered 50 copies of the previous volume for army libraries (the unopened parcels

were found years later in a Whitehall cellar).

15 AK told these stories to Samuel Hynes.

16 AK to Hodgson, 7 Mar. 1918 (Yale). Sophia had taken a flat in Chelsea in 1912.

17 Correspondence in HM's army file. He left the army on joining the Ministry, but went

back on army pay at M17D in the autumn.

18 Gosse to HM, n.d. [June 1918] (UC).

19 Waugh (1917), 97.

20 Pound (1988), 247.

21 HM (1909), 111 [threshold]. HM, `This Our Life' [vaunted].

Chapter 12. A New Start 1919±20

1 Hull shop: JG (1967), 75 n.2. Sylvia Beach, Shakespeare and Company (New York,

1956), 18, mentions getting advice from AK at the Bookshop, `a wonderful place'.

Notes 283

Woolf (1977), 289±90, records a visit from AdR about his Book Club. The Club

produced at least one broadside, with a prose passage by Woolf, illustrated by Vanessa

Bell (Oxford, John Johnson Collection).

2 Goldring (1935), 233±4; (1945), 153±4. Waugh (1962), 192±3; (1967), 96, 146. Wolfe

(1934), 157.

3 Aldington to HM, 29 Apr. 1921 (UC). HM drafted part of a poem on the verso of this

letter, so the MS was filed among his verse fragments, eluding Aldington researchers.

4 Yeats to HM, 10 June 1921 and n.d. (HRC).

5 Uranians: see Timothy d'Arch Smith, Love in Earnest (1970). Several of HM's Cam-

bridge acquaintances, including Edward Dent, were homosexual. He also knew

Charles Scott Moncrieff, who sent him a cryptic verse dated 22 Apr. 1914 (UC),

seemingly implying a shared secret, if not a shared relationship. The link may have

been Ian Mackenzie, who seems to have been one of Scott Moncrieff's lovers.

6 Draft work for `Unknown Country'. This and the next few quotations from UC

notebooks.

7 Sitwell (1949), 34. Osbert was a frequent visitor, always full of comic anecdotes; AK

liked him, but thought him a poor listener.

8 Vivien's diary (Oxford).

9 Reviews reprinted in Rogers (1977), 260, 256, 233, 236.

10 HM to Bax, 15 Jan. 1920 (HRC). Not knowing of this letter, Rogers (1977), 11, follows

Hassall in attributing the first pejorative use of `Georgian' to HM in 1922. Rogers says

the first use of `neo-Georgian' is in HM (1920), 156. Punch (30 Sep. 1925).

11 HM to Geddes, 6 Dec. 1918 (National Library of Scotland).

12 Ford (1934), 186; (1965), 147±8. See also Bowen (1974). I assume Nash stayed at the

villa; he certainly told HM he wanted to rent it. Causey (1980), 397±8, catalogues two

versions of `Cap Ferrat, Mediterranean', a painting of the sea from a high garden.

13 HM to Eliot, 17 Dec. 1919 (Harvard). Eliot (1988), 388.

14 RT has photocopies of four letters from Hewlett to AK, all undated and barely legible.

AK notes on one that it was written just before her marriage. Her last memoir says

that Kauffer persuaded HM to marry her, but Kauffer's letters to HM (Donald Gallup)

show that the two men did not meet until Jan. 1923.

15 Fitzgerald (1984), 177.

16 Aiken (1952), 258. The term `squash' (an informal party), which Aiken used in a

letter, has been seen as a Bookshop coinage, but it is an old Cambridge expression.

17 Ford (1965), 100, 132.

18 Bax, Some I Knew Well (1951), 174±5, and letters to HM (HRC); Meynell, My Lives

(1971), 66±7, 193; Squire, The Invalids (1923); Waugh (1962), 171, and (1967), 62±3.

The famous cricket chapter in A. G. Macdonell, England, Their England (1933), is based

on Invalids matches.

19 Details from `Oswald' (see Ch.4, n.3 above).

20 HM to Eliot, 24 Oct. 1920 (Harvard). Rhys Davies (1969), 104±5.

21 Pound to HM, 24 Nov. 1920 (UC). Pound's paranoia: see the note at the end of his

Cathay (1915); Aldington drew HM's attention to this.

22 Reviews of HM (1920) mostly quoted from RT. Hewlett's Wiltshire Essays (1921), 224±

7, reprints his review. Kyle's (anonymous) comment: Poetry Review (1921), 113. Cour-

nos to JG, 2 Dec. 1961 (UT).

284 Notes

Chapter 13. Disillusion 1921±5

1 `Obituary Verses`, Saturday Westminster Gazette (2 Feb. 1921), 10. Another epitaph:

`Ezra Pound/Has gone to ground'. Mew to AK, several letters (Buffalo). Fitzgerald

(1984), 177, is mistaken in saying that AK went to France alone.

2 Freda McGregor remembers AK saying this.

3 AK suffered at least one haemorrhage, 1922±5.

4 AK to Ottoline Morrell, 23 Feb. 1929 (HRC).

5 BL.36 (E). The only date in this much-used notebook is 1924, but some notes in it

showing HM preparing for the Chapbook questionnaire cannot be later than July

1922.

6 HM to Marsh, 4 Feb. 1923 (NY).

7 The East End incident is referred to in several UC MSS. Correspondence about the

questionnaire: King's (Barnes Papers MS 32). An absurd answer by `Galloway Keetes'

was no doubt composed by HM.

8 HM to Sebastian Sprott, 20 Jan. 1923 (King's) [Heretics]. HM to MB, March 1923 (UM)

[Barker]. Disher to HM, 18 Apr. 1923 (Buffalo).

9 Kauffer to HM, 17 May 1923 (Donald Gallup).

10 Eliot to HM, 27 May 1923 (Donald Gallup).

11 Warden Fox to James Thomson, 30 Mar. 1965 (Radley). The Radleian (29 July 1923).

Boyd (1948), 318.

12 Quotations up to this point selected from a notebook begun in Jan. 1923; the rest

from one begun in Sep. 1923 (BL.36 (C±D)).

13 `Great Distance', MS dated 2 Jan. 1925. MSS of `Sleeping by the Sea' and `Too Near the

Sea' are dated 18 and 21 Jan. 1925.

14 Nash's painting is reproduced and discussed in Causey (1980), 179±83. UC has letters

between Nash and HM.

15 HM to Marsh, 8 June 1925 (NY). Marsh (1939), 33.

Chapter 14. Great Russell Street 1926±8

1 HM was elected FRSL in 1925, proposed by Drinkwater. Early brochures, n.d., of EVSA

show him as treasurer; AK and several other regular readers at the Bookshop were also

on the council.

2 Aldington (1968), 238±40.

3 Sims (1982), 265.

4 Details of the new shop from press cuttings (RT).

5 Cecil House, First Annual Report (1927±8), kindly lent to me by Cecil Houses.

6 BL.41 and RT. Aldington, Kauffer and Rutherston undertook to take 5 £1 shares

each; Wolfe, John Bailey and Mrs M. Ball 10; Halliday 5 or 10; Major H. Brodie 20;

Arnold Bennett 25. Galsworthy, Forster, Gordon Bottomley, Sydney Cockerell and

Owen Seaman were among those who declined to subscribe. Other papers may well

have been lost, but the total offer of capital must have been far less than HM had

hoped.

7 Letters between Wolfe and Edward Thompson, and AK to Wolfe, 1926±7 (NY).

8 Allen, As I Walked Down New Grub Street (1981), 23±4. Grigson, `Coming to London ±

IV', London Magazine (June 1956), 45. Ould (1947), 306.

9 Woolf (1980), 157. See also her Letters iii (1977), 416. HM knew most of the so-called

Bloomsbury Group, including the Woolfs, Duncan Grant and Lytton Strachey, but

Notes 285

there was not much contact between their (north-west) Bloomsbury and his (south-

east).

10 Unsigned typescript, 30 Aug. 1926 (UC, with HM±Eliot correspondence). HM wrote

the paper; Flint typed it, making a copy for HM to sign and send to Eliot (Flint to HM,

31 Aug. 1926, UC).

11 Invitations: Eliot±Fletcher correspondence (HRC); Aiken papers (Huntington).

DobreÂe: in Allen Tate, T. S. Eliot: The Man and His Work (1967), 77±8.

12 HM to Jack Lindsay, 3 Sep. 1923 (UC) [strong]. Eliot to HM, 13 Oct. 1924 (UC)

[fastidious].

13 Eliot to Fletcher, 6 Mar. 1928 (HRC).

14 From a notebook, among drafts of wartime poems (UC).

15 Palmer, draft of an article on HM (HRC).

16 MB (1955), 306, 319. MB's account may well be exaggerated, but the play was

certainly a huge success.

Chapter 15. No Way Out 1929±32

1 Eliot, critical introduction to HM (1933), xvi.

2 Plomer, At Home: Memoirs (1958), 60±1. Plomer had corresponded with HM from

South Africa.

3 Plough: see Davidson, The World, the Flesh, and Myself (1977), 160; Denise Hooker,

Nina Hamnett: Queen of Bohemia (1986).

4 Seymour (1992), 406, 488.

5 Few details of the Plough affair survive. With a little guesswork, I reconstruct from

AK's letters to Ottoline (HRC), AK's last memoir and HM's diaries and notes.

6 Pound to HM, 26 Oct. 1926; HM to Pound, 21 Feb. 1927 (UC). Ould (1947), 310

[cat].

7 Pound to HM, `24 Nov.' (UC).

8 Brooke Memorial Committee: papers in PEN archive (HRC). HM's speech at the 4 Mar.

dinner was published twice as an article (see Bibliography).

9 HM to Read, 28 June 1930 (University of Victoria, B. C.).

10 The first specialist was Edward Carew-Shaw, who in 1991 still remembered examining

HM.

11 Aiken (1978), 259.

12 HM to Aiken, 8 Oct. 1930 (Huntington). Aiken (1978), 162.

13 HM, `Over Production of Books' (1931) is an adaptation of this speech.

14 Several 1931 letters from Helston to HM and HM to Abercrombie (BL.41).

15 Quotations, out of sequence and with slight amendments, from HM's last notebooks

and other papers (BL). The first three are some of the anecdotes with which he used to

start his lectures.

16 HM to Aiken, 16 Sep. 1931, from Bad Eilsen (Huntington).

17 MB (1955), 65±6.

18 Eliot to HM, 1 Jan. and 17 Feb. 1932 (Donald Gallup).

Chapter 16. Legacies

1 Flint, introduction to HM (1933). Months later, Pound described Flint as `draped in

grief over ole 'Arold's tombstone' (Pound, 1951, 329±30). Flint was one of HM's

executors (the others were AK and Fred Monro's son Lionel); HM had appointed

286 Notes

him in place of Aldington, after Aldington had made an unkind reference to HM in

an article.

2 Some Letters of E. H. W. Meyerstein, ed Rowland Watson (1959), 142. AK remedied the

Bookshop's neglect of Meyerstein by publishing a collection of his verse in 1933, no

doubt because it contained an elegy to HM.

3 Hodgson & Co catalogue (Oxford). Sale held on 11 Nov. 1932.

4 Lillah McCarthy organised the event for the English Verse-Speaking Association

(scrapbook, HRC).

5 AK told this story to Samuel Hynes. See also `Robert Sencourt' (Robert Gordon

George), T. S. Eliot: A Memoir (New York, 1971), 150, where she is unnamed but

referred to as a `devoted friend'. Eliot to Ottoline, 9 and 14 Aug. 1933 (HRC), men-

tions George in connection with AK. Other details from Ottoline's diary (Adrian

Goodman) and Vivien's diary (Oxford); Eliot to AK, three letters, 1932±3 (HRC),

and two further letters, 1934±5 (Donald Gallup).

6 Ottoline's diary, 20 Aug. 1933 (Adrian Goodman).

7 AK to Hodgson, 24 Feb. 1954 (Yale).

8 The Scottish writer Fred Urquhart, whose first published novel, Time Will Knit (1938),

has a quotation from HM's `New Day' as its title, has told me that Nigel seduced him

in 1934. Only when they met again ten years later did Urquhart discover that Nigel

was married; by that time a divorce was under discussion, and Nigel was already on

drugs. As well as inheriting HM's sexual uncertainty and proneness to addiction,

Nigel seems to have had his father's tendency when drunk to get into arguments in

public places; he often quarrelled in restaurants, on one occasion threatening to kill

Urquhart.

9 AdR to AK, 11 Nov. 1966 (BL.52). AdR died in Australia in 1974.

Notes 287

Bibliography

Harold Monro: published works

Books and pamphlets

Poems (Elkin Mathews, Vigo Cabinet Series No. 37, July 1906).

Proposals for a Voluntary Nobility, joint author with Maurice Browne (Samurai Press, Ran-

worth Hall, January 1907).

The Evolution of the Soul (Samurai Press, Ranworth Hall, April 1907).

Judas (Samurai Press, Cranleigh, dated 1907 but published early 1908; reissued, Sampson

Low, Marston, February 1911).

The Chronicle of a Pilgrimage: Paris to Milan on Foot (Brown, Langham, November 1909;

reissued Sampson Low, Marston, 1912, and Leonard Parsons, 1925).

Before Dawn (Poems and Impressions) (Constable, July 1911).

Children of Love (Poetry Bookshop, December 1914).

Trees (Poetry Bookshop, dated 1916 but published December 1915).

Strange Meetings (Poetry Bookshop, April 1917).

Some Contemporary Poets (1920) (Leonard Parsons, November 1920; reissued Simpkin

Marshall, 1928).

One Day Awake (A Morality Without Moral) (The Chapbook No. 32; Poetry Bookshop,

December 1922).

Real Property (Poetry Bookshop, March 1922).

Harold Monro, ed. Humbert Wolfe (Augustan Books of English Poetry, Benn, 1927).

The Earth for Sale (Chatto & Windus, May 1928; Dial Press, New York, 1928).

The Collected Poems of Harold Monro, ed. Alida Monro with a biographical sketch by F. S.

Flint and a critical note by T. S. Eliot (Cobden-Sanderson, 1933).

The Silent Pool and Other Poems, chosen by Alida Monro (Faber & Faber, 1942).

Selected articles and other prose pieces

`The Inglenook', The Florence Herald (17 December 1910).

`How I Began', T. P.'s Weekly (4 April 1913), 419.

`Broadsides', The Imprint (September 1913), 61±73.

`The Poetry Bookshop: A year's experience and results', The Daily Citizen (31 January

1914), 4.

`Some Thoughts on the Poetry of Rupert Brooke', Cambridge Magazine (22 May 1915),

425±6.

`Poetry in 1915', T. P.'s Weekly (15 January 1916).

`A Dog's Agreement' (signed `Joggles'), Punch (24 April 1918), 262.

`The Georgian Movement in Poetry' (letter), Book Monthly (April 1920), 240.

`Words to Music' Music and Letters (January 1920), 52±9.

`Wordsworth Revisited', The Criterion (July 1924), 468±76.

`The Revival of the Broadside', The Town Crier (December 1926), 282.

`Poetry and the Public', The Daily Chronicle (30 December 1926).

`A True Adventure at Dawn', The Criterion (September 1928), 27±32.

`The Future', The Radleian (June 1927), 238±9.

288

`What is Right with English Poetry', Everyman (6 February 1930), 35.

`Personal Recollections of Rupert Brooke', Everyman (24 July 1930), 803. Another version

in The Rising Generation (1 October 1930), 15±16.

At least twenty articles in The Rising Generation (University of Tokyo, June 1930±July

1931), including `Over Production of Books' (15 July 1931, Monro's talk to the Double

Crown Club) and various adaptations of lectures.

Periodicals and an anthology edited by Monro

The Poetry Review (St Catherine Press, monthly, January-December 1912).

Poetry and Drama (Poetry Bookshop, quarterly, March 1913±December 1914).

The Chapbook (Poetry Bookshop, 1919±25). Published as The Monthly Chapbook (Poetry &

Drama New Series), Nos 1±6, July-December 1919; The Chapbook A Monthly Miscellany,

Nos 7±38, January 1920±June 1923 (no numbers for July 1921±January 1922 nor for

March, April, June 1922); The Chapbook A Miscellany, Nos 39 and 40, October 1924 and

1925.

Twentieth Century Poetry: An Anthology Chosen by Harold Monro (Chatto & Windus, 1929).

Poems

Monro liked to publish his poems in periodicals before assembling the best of them in

collections. No complete bibliography exists, but poems by him can be found in The

Caian, The Cambridge Magazine, The Chapbook, Coterie, The Criterion, The Dial, The

English Review, The Florence Herald, Form, The Idler, The Listener, Mandragora, Microcosm,

The New Statesman, The Observer, Poetry, Poetry & Drama, The Poetry Review, Rhythm,

The Saturday Westminster Gazette, The Spectator, To-Day, The Westminster Gazette and else-

where.

General

Aiken, Conrad. Selected Letters, ed. Joseph Killorin (New Haven, 1978).

ÐÐ Ushant: An Essay (New York, 1952).

Aldington, Richard. Life for Life's Sake: A Book of Reminiscences (1968 edn, first published

1941).

Bentinck, H. D. The Letters of Henry Major Bentinck, Coldstream Guards (1919).

Bowen, Stella. Drawn from Life (Maidstone, 1974).

Boyd, A. K. The History of Radley College 1847±1947 (1948).

Brooke, Rupert. The Letters of Rupert Brooke, ed. Geoffrey Keynes (1968).

Browne, Maurice. Too Late to Lament: An Autobiography (1955).

Carpenter, Humphrey. A Serious Character: The Life of Ezra Pound (1988).

Causey, Andrew. Paul Nash (1980).

Church, Richard. The Voyage Home (1964).

Cork, Richard. Vorticism (1976).

Cournos, John. Autobiography (1935).

Davies, Rhys. Print of a Hare's Foot: An Autobiographical Beginning (1969).

Davies, W. H. Later Days (1925).

del Re, Arundel. `Georgian Reminiscences', three articles in Studies in English Literature

(University of Tokyo, April 1932), 322±31; (September 1932), 460±71; (1934), 27±42.

Doyle, Charles. Richard Aldington (1989).

Drinkwater, John. Discovery: Being the Second Book of an Autobiography 1897±1913 (1932).

Bibliography 289

Eliot, T. S. The Letters of T. S. Eliot i, ed. Valerie Eliot (1988).

Fitzgerald, Penelope. Charlotte Mew and Her Friends (1984).

Fletcher, John Gould. Life is My Song (New York, 1937).

Ford, Ford Madox. It Was the Nightingale (1934).

ÐÐ The Letters of Ford Madox Ford, ed. Richard M. Ludwig (Princeton, 1965).

Frost, Robert. Selected Letters, ed. Lawrance Thompson (1965).

Goldring, Douglas. The Nineteen-Twenties (1945).

ÐÐ Odd Man Out (1935).

Grant, Joy. Harold Monro and the Poetry Bookshop (1967).

Green, Martin. Mountain Of Truth: The Counterculture Begins, Ascona 1900±1920 (Hanover,

NH, 1986).

Hamilton, G. H. Queen Square: Its Neighbourhood and Institutions (1926).

Hassall, Christopher. Edward Marsh: Patron of the Arts: A Biography (1959).

ÐÐ Rupert Brooke: A Biography (1964).

Hodgson, Ralph. Poets Remembered (Ohio, 1967).

Hutchins, Patricia. Ezra Pound's Kensington: An Exploration 1885±1913 (1965).

Hynes, Samuel. Edwardian Occasions (1972).

Lewis, Wyndham. Blasting and Bombardiering (1937).

Lowell, Amy. `A Letter from London', The Little Review (October 1914), 6.

ÐÐ`The Poetry Bookshop', The Little Review (May 1915), 19±22.

Marsh, Edward. A Number of People: A Book of Reminiscences (1939).

Monro, Alida ed. Charlotte Mew, Collected Poems (1953).

ÐÐed., Recent Poetry 1923±1933 (1933).

ÐÐwith Clara Bowring, The Popular Poodle (1953).

Monroe, Harriet. A Poet's Life: Seventy Years in a Changing World (New York, 1938).

Nelson, James G. Elkin Mathews: Publisher to Yeats, Joyce, Pound (Madison, 1989).

Nevinson, C. R. W. Paint and Prejudice (1937).

Ould, Hermon. Shuttle (1947).

Owen, Wilfred. The Collected Letters of Wilfred Owen, ed. Harold Owen and John Bell

(1967).

Palmer, Herbert. Post-Victorian Poetry (1938).

Pondrom, Cyrena. The Road from Paris: French Influence on English Poetry 1900±1920

(1974).

Pound, Ezra `Harold Monro', The Criterion (July 1932), reprinted in Polite Essays (1937),

1±16.

ÐÐThe Letters of Ezra Pound, ed. D. D. Paige (1951).

ÐÐ`Merit', The Spectator (23 June 1933), 913.

ÐÐPound/The Little Review: The Letters of Ezra Pound to Margaret Anderson (1988).

Roberts, Michael. T. E. Hulme (1938).

Rogers, Timothy. Georgian Poetry 1911±1922: The Critical Heritage (1977).

Ross, Robert H. The Georgian Revolt: Rise and Fall of a Poetic Ideal 1910±22 (1967).

Seymour, Miranda. Ottoline Morrell: Life on the Grand Scale (1992).

Sims, George. `Alida Monro and the Poetry Bookshop', Antiquarian Book Monthly Review

(July 1982), 262±7.

Sitwell, Osbert. Laughter in the Next Room (1949).

Szeemann, Harald. Monte Verita: Berg der Wahrheit (Milan, 1978).

Thomas, Edward. Selected Letters, ed. R. George Thomas (1995).

Waugh, Alec. The Early Years of Alec Waugh (1962).

ÐÐThe Loom of Youth (1917).

ÐÐMy Brother Evelyn and Other Profiles (1967).

290 Bibliography

Wees, William C. Vorticism and the English Avant-Garde (Toronto, 1972).

Wells, H. G. A Modern Utopia (1905).

Wickham, Anna. The Writings of Anna Wickham, Free Woman and Poet, ed. R. D. Smith

(1984).

Wilkinson, Louis (`Louis Marlow'). Swan's Milk (1934).

Wolfe, Humbert. Portraits by Inference (1934).

Woolf, Virginia. The Diary of Virginia Woolf, ed. Anne Olivier Bell, i. 1915±1919 (1977); ii.

1925±1930 (1980); iv. 1931±1935 (1982).

Woolmer, J. Howard. The Poetry Bookshop 1912±1935: A Bibliography (Revere, 1988).

ÐÐThe Samurai Press 1906±1909: A Bibliography (Revere, 1986).

Bibliography 291

Index

HM stands for Harold Monro, AK for Alida Klemantaski (Monro), PB for Poetry Bookshop,PD for Poetry and Drama, PR for Poetry Review

Abercrombie, Lascelles, 5, 96±7, 99±102,107±8, 117, 122, 126, 131±3, 140, 144±5,160, 170, 201±2, 205, 212, 214, 224, 248,250±1, 254±5, 259

Ackerley, J. R., 202, 226, 248, 257Aiken, Conrad, 145±6, 153±4, 187, 211,

238, 241, 252, 256Ainley, Henry, 161, 171Aldington, Richard: contributor to PR, 97,

126; on HM's poems, 105, 156, 220, 254;Futurist costume, 142; literary editor,Egoist, 144; reviews PB books, 160; HMreviews for, 159, 161; Images (PB), 167,169, 187; army service, 178, 217; atMecklenburgh Square, 193; leavesLondon, 202; contributions toChapbook, 204, 216, 224; dines withEliots and HM, 206; HM stays with, 217,232±3; HM's executor, 287 n1;mentioned, 1, 5, 104, 141, 213, 251

Alford, John, 108±9, 116, 122, 124, 126,131±5, 140, 142, 148, 154, 162, 170

Allen, Walter, 238Arnold, Matthew, 16±17, 28±30, 130, 257,

268Ascona (Monte Verita), 4, 29, 69, 71±4,

76±7, 85±6, 88±90, 132, 134, 137, 139Asquith, H. H., 192Auden, W. H., 261Aumonier, Stacy, 235

Baring, Maurice, 190Barry, Iris, 224, 229Bax, Clifford, 196, 208, 212, 248Beach, Sylvia, 201, 209, 226Belloc, Hilaire, 135Bennett, Arnold, 1, 92, 234, 270Bentinck, Henry, 21±2, 30, 33, 182Binns, Henry Bryan, 124Binyon, Laurence, 124Birch, Frank, 145±6, 170, 225Bircher-Benner, Max, 61±2, 69, 73, 77, 124,

218

Blake, William, 174Blast, 144, 153Blunden, Edmund, 5, 271Bottomley, Gordon, 93, 97, 115; King Lear's

Wife, 171, 175Boulton, (?Sir Harold), 184±5Bowen, Stella, 209Bridges, Robert, 1, 123, 126, 131, 151±2,

167, 171, 234Brooke, Alfred, 142Brooke, Rupert: at PB, 1, 116, 124;

founder-Georgian, 4, 55, 96±7, 106;Poems, 96, 101; contributions to PR, 97,103±4, 108, 125; avoids visiting MaltingHouse, 107; support for PB, 108±9, 145;reads at PB, 118, 121, 145±6, 152±4;contributions to PD, 125±6; HM's regardfor poems, 108, 120, 159, 173±4; HM onhis death, 160±1, 164; MemorialCommittee, 5, 250±1; mentioned, 42 n,99±100, 133, 135±6, 147, 149, 170, 183,201, 202 n

Brooke House, 7, 14 n, 177, 240, 259, 261,266±7

Browne, Dorothy (Maurice's sister): seeMonro, Dorothy

Browne, Marsie (Maurice's mother), 15, 17,18±19, 22, 24±5, 27±31, 33, 48, 53, 142

Browne, Maurice: at Cambridge, 13,15±19, 23±4, 267; feelings for HM, 16,18, 24±6, 28, 36, 48, 258; poeticambitions, 15, 17, 24, 28±30; Zetetes, 19,27±8, 54; in India, 27±8, 30; reads AModern Utopia, 29; Epithalamion, 31;plans Samurai with HM, 35, 38; SamuraiPress, 39±42, 46±7, 53±5; meets Wells,43±5; quarrel with HM, 48; flight toCapri, 47±9; the lost leader, 50, 52±3;renews contact with HM, 68, 70; in Italywith HM, 77, 79±81; marries in USA, 81;praises Before Dawn, 86; contribution toPR, 98±9; Little Theatre (Chicago), 101,105, 109, 239; visits London, 131±2, 145;

292

returns to England, 239; finds HMdrunk, 240, 249; and Journey's End, 245;financial help to HM, 246, 254; onBrooke Memorial Committee, 250;nurses HM, 257±8; at HM's funeral, 259;later life, 263

Buzzi, Paolo, 137Byron, Lord, 12, 22, 45, 114

Cabaret Club, 135±6, 264Cafe Royal, 117 n, 124±5, 140, 215, 252Caius College, Cambridge, 13±14, 17, 30,

131, 266Callwell, Albert, 96Cambridge Magazine, The, 108, 160Cammaerts, Emile, 171Campbell, Roy, 231, 250Cannan, Gilbert, 97, 124, 124, 144 n,

145±6, 160Carpenter, Edward, 1, 37, 44, 84, 87, 91,

123±4, 142, 185Cecil House, 235, 247Chapbook, The, 200, 204±6, 208±9, 211±12,

216±7, 223±5, 229±30Charlton, Leo, 202, 240, 259Chesterton, Mrs Cecil, 235Chesterton, G. K., 1, 51, 135, 142, 194,

227, 235Church, Richard, 250, 254Coit, Stanton, 42 n, 51, 55, 69Colvin, Sidney, 117Cornford, Frances, 126, 159±60, 170Cournos, John, 126, 141, 180, 193, 210,

215, 225Craig, Edward Gordon, 82, 85, 93, 105 n,

123, 126, 216, 224±5Crowley, Aleister, 1, 107, 117 n, 123, 135

Darwin, Charles, 15, 27, 35, 41, 108Davidson, John, 60, 129Davies, W. H., 1, 97, 120, 126, 135, 186,

202 n, 212±3, 222, 226, 234Dean, Basil, 126de la Mare, Walter, 5, 97, 126, 135, 142,

171, 175, 197, 204, 222, 248, 250del Re, Arundel: with HM in Florence,

81±2, 83±5; HM's love for, 83, 89±90,130, 151, 219; at Ascona mill, 88±90,132; accompanies HM to London, 90±1;assistant editor, PR, 92, 94±6, 99±100,106, 109; reviews Pound, 103; and VeraTchaikovsky, 111, 133±4, 159, 168;

assistant editor, PD, 116, 118, 124, 126,134; readings at PB, 122, 152; and AK,134, 186; and Marinetti, 135, 143; warservice, 149, 161, 168, 197; ChelseaBook Club, 201; university posts, 225,252, 264; marries, 228; last meeting withHM, 252; letter to AK, 264±5;mentioned, 3±4, 161, 175, 206, 250

Dent, Edward, 160±1, 169±71, 175, 182,197, 206, 225, 284 n5

Dickinson, Goldsworthy Lowes, 169±70Disher, M. Willson, 116±17, 223, 264DobreÂe, Bonamy, 124, 225, 241Doolittle, Hilda (H. D.), 104, 142, 178, 180,

186, 193, 202, 204, 209Drinkwater, John, 3, 36, 54±5, 93, 96±7,

101±2, 105±7, 109, 116, 125, 133, 192,205, 212±15, 222, 234, 237, 250, 257,285 n

Dunne, J. W., 256±7

Egoist, The, 99, 144, 159±61, 187, 190, 268Eliot, T. S.: at PB, 3, 153, 213, 229, 242, 245,

252; HM's `rejection' of early poems,153±4, 169, 175, 187, 282±3 n31; HMgives reading of `Prufrock', 123, 169;meets HM, 206; opinions of HM's work,5, 156, 169, 187±8, 192, 214, 220, 242±3,246, 259, 261±2; reads at PB, 213; TheWaste Land and HM, 156, 219, 222, 224,260 n; unable to open PB, 234; gratitudeto HM, 241; Criterion, 205, 240±1, 242;Criterion Club, 240, 251, 257±8;contributions to Chapbook, 209, 216,223, 241; introduces HM to Joyce, 249;and HM's death, 257, 259; friendshipwith AK, 130, 260±3; mentioned, 16±17,39, 190, 198, 205, 231

Eliot, Vivien(ne), 206, 222, 229, 234, 260±1Ellis, Vivian Locke, 124Elton, Godfrey, 126Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 16±17, 26, 35, 46,

57, 63, 130, 188, 260 nEmpson, William, 261Epstein, Jacob, 1, 117, 131, 135±6, 140, 264

Fabian Society, 42±4, 84, 124, 169Farjeon, Eleanor, 226Farr, Florence, 122, 270Fenton, Violet, 39, 63±4, 68Ficke, Arthur Davison, 28, 31, 39, 41±2,

44±5, 48, 53±4

Index 293

Figgis, Darrell, 102Fitzroy, The, 246±8, 253, 256Flecker, James Elroy, 108, 126, 155,

159±60, 212, 240Fletcher, John Gould, 97, 104, 114, 124,

175, 186, 204, 210, 242, 280 n10Flint, Frank Stuart, friendship with HM: 5,

103±4, 186, 248, 254, 259, 261; pioneerModernist, 93, 98±9, 161; PR article onFrench poets, 97, 104±5; personality,104, 251; at PB parties, 120, 131, 142,145±6, 153±4, 197, 225; contributions toPD, 125; Cadences (PB), 169, 187; calledup, 191; contributions to Chapbook, 204,206, 209, 223; Otherworld (PB), 226; andCriterion Club, 241, 251±2, 257; HM'sexecutor, 286±7 n1; mentioned, 1, 42 n,118, 135, 141, 184, 212, 240

Flying Fame, The, 134, 137±8Ford, Ford Madox, 1, 93, 95, 101, 125,

141±2, 155, 201, 209, 211±12, 216, 223±4Forel, August, 180, 183Forster, E. M., 1, 16, 202, 225±6Fowler, Ethel, 226Fraser, Claud Lovat, 124, 134, 137±8, 149,

170, 179±80, 183, 187, 194, 201, 204,206, 217, 236±7

Freeman, John, 190Frost, Robert, 1, 116±17, 120, 124, 126,

131, 134±5, 157, 175, 245Futurism, 132, 135±7, 141±4, 197

Galsworthy, John, 235, 237, 270Gaudier-Brzeska, Henri, 116±17, 143Geddes, Patrick, 124, 208Gee, Collingwood, 81±3`Georgian', meanings of, 96±7, 173; HM's

uses of, 86, 190, 208, 220, 222;`neo-Georgian', 208 n

Georgian poetry / poets, 4±5, 96±7, 102,106±8, 125, 133, 141, 143, 145, 154, 175,178, 187 n, 200, 204, 211, 214, 250, 264,271; origins, 32, 54±5, 60, 96, 152

Georgian Poetry: i (1912), 96, 107±9, 175,261; ii (1915), 156, 169, 171, 175, 187±8;iii (1917), 190, 192±3; iv (1919), 201,205±7; v (1922), 222±3; `vi' (1933), 231,261

Georgian Society, 207±8Gibson, Wilfrid Wilson: published by

Samurai Press, 47, 54±5; influence onHM's poetry, 54±5, 60, 86; and PR, 93,

98±9, 101; a founder-Georgian, 96±7,106±8, 222; Pound on, 100; arrives inLondon, 102; helps HM find premises,105, 262; tenant at PB, 109, 116, 131; PBreadings, 122±3, 213; absent from PDand Chapbook, 125, 205; quarrel withHM, 132±4, 145, 155; pioneer war poet,152; war service, 170, 198; AK on, 212;HM on, 214, 244; AK meets brother, 249;on Brooke Memorial Committee, 250

Gillett, Eric, 116±17, 143±6, 212Ginner, Charles, 2, 231Goldring, Douglas, 126, 201, 204, 208±9,

214, 224Gooch, Sir Daniel (1st Bt), 9Gooch, Sir Daniel (`Curly', 3rd Bt), 11±12,

33±4, 38, 205, 212±13, 217Gooch, Lancelot, 25, 118, 166, 212, 217Gooch, Mary Winifred (Lady Gooch,

`May', neÂe Monro, HM's sister), 6, 11±12,25, 33±4, 38, 40±2, 52, 69, 86, 105, 175,212±13, 217, 256, 264

Gooch, Phyllis, 25, 212Gore-Booth, Eva, 229Gosse, Edmund, 92±3, 140, 171, 189, 197,

209Gould, Gerald, 42 n, 142, 197, 207, 210Grant, Joy, x, 164Granville-Barker, Harley, 46, 189, 223Graves, A. P., 167, 171Graves, Robert, 1, 54, 190, 205, 223±5, 238,

251; Over the Brazier (PB), 167, 175Green, Romney, 42, 44, 48±9, 51±3, 56,

69±70, 77±9, 85, 95, 98, 115, 118, 124±5,131, 234, 236, 264

Grigson, Geoffrey, 238Gross, Otto, 72±3Guest, Haden, 44Gurney, Ivor, 206Guthrie, James, 43, 47, 69, 98, 115, 160,

169Gwyther, Geoffrey, 171

Haeckel, Ernst, 27, 41Halliday, F. W., 183, 197Hamnett, Nina, 247Hardy, Thomas, 126, 152, 171, 175, 224,

240Helston, John, 131, 254±5, 259Henley, W. E., 60Heretics, the, 108, 143, 223, 225Herron, George, 82, 84, 124

294 Index

Hesse, Hermann, 62, 73±4Hewlett, Maurice: urges HM to return to

England, 85; promotes Before Dawn,85±6; enquires about mill, 89; takesHM to Poets' Club, 93; disapproves ofArundel, 95; contributor to PR, 97;advises HM about PR, 101, 103; at PB,122, 140, 145±6, 152±3, 194, 201;contributor to PD, 126, 131, 135;declines to meet Marinetti, 136;friendship with AK, 128, 134, 151, 158,162, 184, 210; and war, 148, 155, 189;criticises HM, 214; mentioned, 92, 99,104, 169, 175

Hill, George, 239, 247Hodgson, Ralph, 97, 123±4, 131, 134±5,

137±8, 145±6, 149, 161, 168, 187, 198,201, 205, 212, 259, 263

Hopkins, Gerard Manley, 250Hueffer, F. M.: see FordHulme, T. E., 3, 4, 93, 99, 102±5, 108, 111,

117, 124±6, 131, 135, 140±1, 143, 149,161, 191, 201

Huxley, Aldous, 201, 208±9

Imagism/Imagists, 97±8, 104±5, 125,141±2, 146, 159, 161, 169, 186±7, 204,208, 215

Ingram, Kenneth, 202, 206Ireland, John, 173Irvine, Dr, 218±19

Jackson, Holbrook, 43±4, 262James, Miss, 180, 194Jones, David, 226, 242Joyce, James, 237, 249, 268Jung, C. G., 62, 72, 219

Kate (maid), 26, 31, 39, 63±4, 68, 84Kauffer, Edward McKnight, 224±6, 234,

236, 241, 254Keats, John, 12, 19, 22, 25, 30, 47, 57, 221,

257; HM's portrait of, 16±17, 39, 82, 116,257

Klemantaski, Alida: see Monro, AlidaKomai, Gonoske, 171, 234Konody, Paul, 197Kramer, Jacob, 224, 225 nKreymbourg, Alfred, 224Kyle, Galloway, 69±70, 81, 92±3, 98±100,

103±4, 107, 109±10, 125, 144 n, 172,194, 214±15, 270±2

La LignieÁre (Gland), 58±9, 61, 63, 68, 70±1,222, 236

Lawrence, D. H., 4, 73, 79, 95, 97, 107, 116,122, 126, 133, 175, 193, 204, 253

Lawrence, Frieda, 72, 193Lee, Rupert, 101Lee, Vernon (Viola Paget), 82±4Lewis, Percy Wyndham, 1, 136, 140 n,

143±4, 155, 191, 204, 224, 226, 254Lincoln's Inn, 13±14, 18, 75, 221, 266Lindsay, Vachel, 213Lloyd George, David, 185±6, 248Lomer, Sydney, 202Lorimer, Emilia, 103, 120, 271Lowell, Amy, 1, 115, 120, 126, 134, 146,

152±3, 155, 161, 169, 186, 207Ludwig, Emil, 90Lunn, Arnold, 226Lyall, Archibald, 259

Macaulay, Rose, 126Mackenzie, Ian, 179, 188, 194, 198,

284 n5Macnamara, Francis, 122, 131Maeterlinck, Maurice, 36±7Malleson, Miles, 212, 223±4, 229, 262Mallory, George, 131Mann, Thomas, 61Manning, Frederic, 216Mansfield, Katherine, 124Margary, Peter John (HM's grandfather),

8±9, 268±9Marinetti, F. T., 123, 132±3, 135±6, 142±4,

159, 161, 213, 264Marsh, Edward, 3±4, 54, 86, 95±7, 101±2,

106±7, 109, 116, 122±3, 125, 131, 133,136, 142, 144±5, 148, 156, 160±1, 167,169, 175, 184, 189±90, 197, 204, 206±7,223, 231, 250, 261

Masefield, John, 5, 97, 190; The EverlastingMercy, 96, 99, 124±5

Mathews, Elkin, 33, 38, 93, 105±6, 133,169, 187, 271, 281 n12

Maude, Anthony, 19, 21Maude, Aylmer, 44McCarthy, Lillah, 46, 253, 287 n4McDonald, Percy, 160, 169, 176±8Mew, Charlotte, 167±8, 171, 183, 190, 204,

210, 212, 216, 224, 238, 240; TheFarmer's Bride (PB), 175

Meyerstein, E. H. W., 259, 287 n2Meynell, Francis, 124, 212

Index 295

Meynell, Mrs Gerard, 152Miles, Eustace, 51±2, 270Millay, Edna St Vincent, 213Milton, John, 12, 19, 28, 30, 123, 223Monkhouse, Allan, 183Monro, Alida (neÂe Klemantaski, HM's

second wife): meets HM, 128±9; earlylife, family, 130, 139, 193; politicalopinions, 130, 185±6, 194; friendshipwith Hewlett, 128, 134, 151, 158, 162,184, 210; relationship with HM, 130,132±5, 138±41, 158±9, 162, 167±8,170±1, 173, 182±4, 188±9, 190±2, 198±9,202±4, 210, 229, 240, 242; repelsadvances from other people, 140±1, 168,180±1; work at PB, 134, 140, 159±60,225; readings, 122, 129, 140, 167, 171,175, 223, 232, 235, 242; and Wickham,133, 153, 171; and Nigel Monro, 139,159, 190, 239±40; influence on HM'spoems, 156, 179, 188; weekends withHM, 139, 158, 173, 196, 248; at Red LionSq., 162; friendship with Mew, 167, 238,240; manages PB in wartime, 177±183,186, 190, 193, 211; at Mecklenburgh Sq.,180, 186, 193±4; at Millman St., 194; andHM's homosexuality, 140, 181, 188,191±2, 218; and animals, 182, 196,219±20, 263; and HM's drinking, 184±5,218, 229, 247±8, 252±3, 256; in air raid,196; work for Chapbook, 209, 211±12;marries HM, 210; at Villa des Oliviers,210±11, 216; at Heathcote St., 217,235±6; patch on lung, 220; at Sidlesham,228±9, 236, 263; sequel to GeorgianPoetry, 231, 261; moves PB, 236±7; atSelsey, 210; and Gibson, 249; confides inOttoline, 247, 253, 262; and HM's lastillness and death, 256±60; friendshipwith Eliot, 187, 260±1; closes PB, 262;death, 263; mentioned, 3, 5±6, 15, 26,37, 85, 114, 131, 142, 148, 161

Monro, Arthur Russell (HM's brother), 6,9±10, 80

Monro, Charles (HM's cousin), 14, 19, 266Monro, Dorothy (neÂe Browne, HM's first

wife, later Mrs George Hill): engaged toHM, 18±19; hockey, 22±3; relationshipwith HM, 22, 24, 33±5, 40, 46, 65±6,68±9; marries HM, 25±6; in Ireland,26±7, 30±1; attempts to share HM'sinterests, 28±9, 32, 34, 36, 40, 42, 74, 189;

Nigel born, 28; operations, 29, 63; returnto England, 32; to Haslemere, 38; firstseparation, 51±2, 56; with HM on Riviera,63, 65±6, 74±6; final separation, 66±7;later contacts with HM, 79, 95±6, 118,131, 143, 148, 184, 240, 247; admiresBefore Dawn, 86; helps with PB, 115; HM'slater feelings for, 129, 158, 182, 239, 256;AK's attitude to, 141, 189, 190±1; divorceproceedings, 69, 166±7, 175, 182;alimony, 220±1, 246; Maurice returns,239; at HM's funeral, 259; death, 263

Monro, Rev. Edward (HM's great-uncle), 8,267

Monro, Edward William (HM's father),6±9, 96 n, 245

Monro, Emily (neÂe Nugent, HM's aunt) 7,142, 221, 249, 268

Monro, Frederic Robert D'Oyly (HM'scousin and solicitor), 177, 210, 240, 259,268

Monro, Harold Edward:1879±1908

ancestry, 6±9, 266±9; birth (14 March1879), 9; at Radley, 9±11; atCambridge, 13 -17; engaged, 18; lawstudent, 13±14, 18±20; to Ireland,19±20; land agent, 19±21, 29, 51;marries Dorothy, 25±6; early interestin bookselling, 27, 105; son born, 28;leaves Ireland, 31; plans Samurai,35±6; to Haslemere, 38±9; meets Wells,43±5; Samurai convenor, 44±5, 48±9,52±3; to Upper Ifold, 48; quarrel withMaurice, 48, 50; first separation fromDorothy, 51

1908±11walks Paris±Milan, 57±9; Florence,59±61, 77, 79±85, 139; starts`Impressions', 60±1; psychoanalysed,62; final separation, 66±7; poemsabout sex, 73±4, 78±9; at MonteVerita, 74, 76±80, 132; meets Arundel,81±3; mill house, Ascona, 73±4, 88±90,134, 198, 229, 264±5

1911±14returns to England, 91; agreementwith Poetry Society, 92±3; launchesPR, 94±5; rents Malting House, GreatCanfield, 95; mother remarries, 96;founds PB, 105, 109, 119; founder-Georgian, 106; loses PR, 109±10;

296 Index

launches PD, 125; meets AK, 128±9;quarrel with Gibson, 132±3; publicisesFuturism, 135±7, 142±4

1914±18volunteers as messenger, 147; pioneerwar poet, 149±50, 152; and Eliot'searly poems, 153±4, 175, 187;suspends PD, 154; rejects Thomas'spoems, 157±8; rents Beake cottage,Rayleigh, 158; Special Constable, 159;divorce proceedings, 69, 166±7, 175,182; rents Chestnuts Farm, WoodhamFerrers, 170; joins army, 176;Manchester, 181±6; Ripon, 194±6;desk jobs, 196±7; demobilised, 199

1919±32revives PB and launches Chapbook,200±1; breakdown, 206; buys Villa desOliviers, Cap Ferrat, 208±9; marriesAK, 209±10; first attacks of amnesia,210, 222; cricket, 212; sister dies, 217;rents 19 Heathcote St., Bloomsbury,217±8; sees psychiatrist, 218; Arundelmarries, 228; rents Long Farm,Sidlesham, 229; last Chapbook,229±31; eye trouble, 232; moves PB,234±5; mother dies, 235; rentsCrablands, Selsey, 240; assists Eliot,240±1; `Plough affair', 247; treasurer,Brooke Memorial Committee, 250±1;death (16 March 1932), 258; funeral,259

Personal attributesachievement, 3±5, 96, 113, 128, 155,171, 232, 259±60; appearance, 3, 7, 13,87, 201, 235; character, 6±7, 13, 43,46, 71, 124, 176, 238, 262; diaries, 31,57, 84, 117±18, 129; diet, 35, 37, 52,61±2; dreams, 9, 42, 62, 64±5, 191±2,218±19, 242, 244, 256±7; drinking, 8,13, 33, 38, 40, 64±5, 75±7, 80±1, 118,125, 157, 168, 184±5, 200, 203±4,217±8, 221±2, 226±7, 229, 232±3, 240,247±8, 251±3, 256; and the earth, 68,78, 88±9, 127, 135, 138, 151, 156, 212,243, 254; finances, 7, 29, 96 n, 220 n,235, 279 n5; and the future, 4, 55±7,69, 75, 88±9, 135, 144, 198, 228, 243;and Georgianism / Georgians, 3±5, 55,60, 97, 106±7, 125, 133, 155±6,207±8, 214±15, 220, 222±3, 261;health, 12, 19, 37, 58, 191, 194, 196,

198, 206, 232, 236, 248±9, 252, 256±8,283 n33; homosexuality, 3, 10±11, 16,62, 75±7, 80, 89±90, 140, 150±1, 181,183, 202±3, 218; lectures, 17, 55±6, 61,69±70, 102, 108, 129, 223, 225, 232,240, 254; and Modernism /Modernists, 5, 39, 98±9, 102, 104±5,108, 111, 125, 141±2, 148, 155±6, 169,205, 209, 241, 248, 261; notebooks,197±8, 202, 221±2, 226±7, 255±6; andthe poetry of the future, 4, 16±17, 46,69±70, 91, 94, 98, 102±3, 107, 125±7,215, 224; HM's poetry, characteristicsof, 12, 54±5, 60, 73, 86, 111, 174, 206,211; readings, 43, 77, 79, 120±3, 125,171, 175, 178, 189, 224, 232; andreligion, 22, 24, 33, 35±7, 40±9, 64, 87,127, 244±5; and the soul, 27, 41±3, 46,78, 102, 164, 166, 242; walks, 14,57±9, 74, 89, 125

Works (books)Before Dawn (Poems and Impressions), 4,17, 60±1, 64, 85±8, 91±3, 101, 108,128, 135, 156, 173, 208, 243;(Impressions), 60, 63, 83, 88, 92, 102;Children of Love, 156±7, 187; TheChronicle of a Pilgrimage, 60, 68, 70, 83,198; Collected Poems, 261±2; The Earthfor Sale, 242±4; The Evolution of theSoul, 41±2, 51, 96; Judas, 36, 50, 55,70, 79, 83, 85; One Day Awake, 223;Poems, 33, 38; Proposals for a VoluntaryNobility, 41; Real Property, 14, 206,219±20, 222; Some ContemporaryPoets, 213±16; Strange Meetings,187±9, 192; Trees, 158, 163±6, 169±70,172±3, 187; Twentieth Century Poetry,249±50

Works (selected individual poems,*unpublished)`Aspidistra Street', 185; `BitterSanctuary', 246, 257; `Carrion', 150±1;`Child of the Earth', 188; *`Cophetua'(play), 37, 45±6, 63±4, 102, 139;`Coronilla', 34, 66, 182, 188, 231;*`The Death of Jehovah', 3, 68, 77,79±80, 139, 183, 194, 198, 220, 224,227, 244±5; `Dog', 201, 220; `Don Juanin Hell', 73, 87; `Dream Exhibition of aFinal World', 228; `The Earth for Sale',243; `The Empty House', 113, 235;`Field Excursion', 203; `The Garden',

Index 297

Monro, Harold Edward: (contd)203±4, 219; `Goldfish', 198, 207, 219;`Go Now, Beloved', 68±9, 128±9;`Great City', 111, 156; `GreatDistance', 229; `Hearthstone', 156±7;*`His Positions', 151; `HolyMatrimony', 228; `Introspection', 219,222; *`Invitation (to A. d. R.)', 71,88±90; `Journey', 172; `Lake Leman',61; `Lament in 1915', 147, 163,187±8; `The Last Abbot', 77, 87±8;`London Interior', 111±12, 156; `ManCarrying Bale', 206±7, 219; `MidnightLamentation', 243; `Milk for the Cat',156±7, 188, 202 n, 246; `NaturalHistory', 21, 239; `On the Destructionof the Foundling Hospital', 254;`Overheard on a Saltmarsh', 110±11,138, 156±7; `Paradise', 87; `The PoetsAre Waiting', 148; `Real Property', 179,219; `Retreat', 149; `Rumour', 239;`The Sickroom', 256; `SilenceBetween', 243; `Soldier', 149;`Solitude', 183, 188; `Spring', 205±6;*`The Springtide', 73±5, 77±8, 88, 151,166, 173; `The Strange Companion',156±7; `Strange Meetings', 128, 158,174, 181, 187, 194; `Suburb', 156, 222;*`The Superman', 45; `To Tolstoi', 73,87; `Two Visions', 57, 64±5, 73, 86±7;`Unknown Country', 203, 222; `TheVirgin', 79, 87; `Week- End', 158,173±4, 187; `Winter Solstice', 242;`Youth in Arms', 149±52, 157, 167

Monro, Dr Henry (HM's grandfather), 7±9,268

Monro, Mary Winifred (`May', HM'ssister): see Gooch, Mary Winifred

Monro, Nigel Harold Maurice Russell(HM's son), 28±32, 38, 52, 63±6, 68,74±7, 79, 85, 96, 105, 116, 118, 132, 139,142, 145, 147±8, 159±60, 190, 198, 220,235, 239±40, 247, 256±7, 259, 261,263±4, 287 n8

Monro, Russell Henry (HM's uncle), 7, 8,10±11, 25, 33, 221, 245, 249, 264,268

Monro, Sophia (Arabel Sophia, neÂeMargary, later Mrs Albert Callwell,HM's mother): 6±13, 17±18, 20, 24, 26,29±30, 38, 42, 52, 57, 76, 96, 105, 139,142±3, 145, 147, 159, 162, 178±9, 184,

188, 196, 198, 217, 219, 229, 234±6, 250,268

Monro, Theodore Russell, 8±9, 268Monro, Dr Thomas (HM's

great-great-grandfather), 8, 266±7Monroe, Harriet, 4, 122, 127, 144 n, 225Monte Verita: see AsconaMoore, G. E., 173±4Moore, Thomas Sturge, 97, 122, 142, 208,

234, 241, 262More, Thomas, 57Morley, Frank, 251±2Morrell, Lady Ottoline, 1, 21, 131, 229,

240, 247, 253, 260, 262Morris, William, 26, 42, 114Muir, Edwin, 231Munro, Hector Hugh (`Saki'), 268±9Murray, Gilbert, 32, 45±6, 56, 92, 123, 160,

262, 270Murray, Harold, 42 n, 48±9, 52Murry, John Middleton, 95, 102, 110, 124,

207±8, 214, 220

Nash, John, 201Nash, Paul, 1, 67, 138, 169, 174, 201, 209,

211, 224, 226, 229, 230±1Nesbitt, Cathleen, 122, 145Nevinson, C. R. W., 1, 136, 143, 170, 197,

226Nevinson, Henry, 259New Age, The, 44, 55, 103±4, 108, 128 nNewbolt, Henry, 92±4, 97, 119±20, 122±3,

125, 140, 142, 152, 155±6, 220, 262New Numbers, 133, 144, 160Nichols, Robert, 190, 192±3, 197Nicholson, John Gambril, 202Nietzsche, Friedrich, 43, 45, 64, 68, 72,

123, 135, 137, 243, 260 nNoyes, Alfred, 144±5, 214, 227, 229

Oedenkoven, Henri, 71±2, 76, 198Ogden, C. K., 108, 160±1, 225Orage, A. R., 43Oreste (HM's servant), 76, 80, 84Ould, Hermon, 146, 238±40, 250, 254, 257Owen, Wilfred, 1, 22, 54, 91±2, 97, 117,

150, 167, 171±2, 192, 195 n, 198, 207,271

Palmer, Mrs (PB housekeeper), 160, 177,179, 182, 185, 190±1, 193

Palmer, Herbert, 245

298 Index

Pass, Leonard, 16±17, 30±1, 39, 41Patmore, Brigit, 217Pearsall Smith, Logan, 95Pecorini, John, 135, 251±2Pepler, Hilary, 53, 262Phillips (Dorothy Monro's lover), 66, 68,

74±6, 79, 239Phillips, Stephen, 16, 109, 125, 270Plarr, Victor, 93, 97, 125, 135, 142Playfair, Nigel, 197Plomer, William, 246Plough, The, 247, 250, 253Plowman, Max, 124, 271Pocock, Guy, 17, 28, 31, 39, 41Poetry (Chicago), 4, 99, 144, 154, 183Poetry and Drama, 110, 116, 118, 120,

125±6, 128, 133, 135, 137±8, 140±1,143±5, 148, 151±2, 154±5, 157±8, 160,200, 205, 241, 260

Poetry Bookshop: 35 Devonshire St., 1±3,105, 109, 111±17, 119±20, 127, 133±4,231, 235, 238, 264; 38 Great Russell St.,234±6, 260, 262, 264; aims and origins,7±8, 22, 32, 47, 54, 71, 85, 105±7, 127,138; finances, 105, 187, 211, 225, 237,254±5; other poetry bookshops, 138,201, 210; parties, 120, 131, 197, 201,225, 229, 254, 261±2; readings, 118±23,129, 136, 146, 152±3, 155, 161, 167±9,171, 175, 178±9, 186, 193, 196±7, 213,218, 224±5, 237, 240, 242, 245, 254, 257,260; residents, 109, 116±17, 171±2; staff,116, 160, 173, 177, 186, 225, 237; inwartime, 148, 167, 179, 183, 186, 190,193±4

Publications: books, 108±9, 143±4, 161,175, 179±80, 187, 200, 226, 262±3;broadsides, 155, 174; chapbooks, 137,155±7, 159±60, 167, 169, 175, 187,200; Christmas cards, 226, 240; rhymesheets, 137±8, 178, 183, 200±1, 217,226, 234, 263, 381 n12see also Chapbook, The; Georgian Poetry;Poetry and Drama

Poetry Review, The, 54, 92±104, 106±9, 125,144±5, 205, 214, 260, 265, 270±2

Poetry Society, 69±70, 81, 92±3, 98, 100,103±4,107,109,120,125,205,209,270±1

Poets' Club, 93, 102, 125, 128, 135±6, 209Pound, Ezra: in London, 93; relationship

with HM, 94, 103,124; opinion of HM,94, 96, 98, 100, 103, 105, 123, 140,

142, 154, 197, 213, 250, 262; at PB, 1,117, 213, 248; and PR, 97, 99, 101,108, 271; and PD, 125, 145; HM readspoems, 108, 120±1; rhyme sheet, 138;amends poem by HM, 157 n; HM'sopinion of, 148, 186, 192, 248;promotes Eliot's poems, 154, 187;disillusion with England, 201, 212±13;and Chapbook, 223±4; HM visits inParis, 226; Canzoni, 93; CatholicAnthology, 156, 169; Cavalcantitranslation, 103; Des Imagistes, 5,141, 143, 169, 217, 226; Lustra, 175;`Prolegomena', 97, 99; mentioned,39, 135, 152, 155, 159, 205, 208, 241,260

Prentis, Terence, 222, 224, 229, 240, 252

Quennell, Peter, 250

Radley (St Peter's College, Radley), 6, 8±11,18, 142, 225, 227, 268

Raverat, Gwen, 159Ravilious, Eric, 242Rawnsley, W. F., 103, 271Read, Herbert, 204, 224±5, 229, 241, 251±2Reade, Winwood, 28, 130Rhys, Ernest, 93, 95, 121±2, 125±6, 152, 197Rodker, John, 282 n18Rosenburg, Isaac, 172, 197, 282 n18Ross, Robert, 95, 269Rothenstein, William, 175, 240Rowat, Mrs, 162, 191, 247, 253Royde-Smith, Erica, 193Royde-Smith, Naomi, 131Russell, Bertrand, 43, 169±70, 178Russell, Rollo, 43Russell, Sir William (HM's

great-grandfather), 8, 268Russolo, Luigi, 143Rutherston, Albert, 206, 223, 224, 226Sabin, Arthur Knowles, 46±7, 49±54,

69±70, 85±6, 92, 95±6, 98±9, 105, 109,115, 118, 125, 131, 156, 169, 267

Sackville-West, Vita, 239Samurai order, 29, 35, 43±5, 48±9, 52±3,

241, 244Samurai Press, 39±44, 46±7, 53±5, 68, 96,

200, 239Sassoon, Siegfried, 1, 54, 147, 152, 172,

175, 190, 194, 196, 213, 229, 251Schell, Sherrill, 135

Index 299

Scott Moncrieff, Charles, 284 n5Searle, Phyllis, 115Seeger, Alan, 149Seymour, William Kean, 250Shanks, Edward, 118, 122 126, 131, 145±6,

148±9, 156, 159±60, 167, 170, 175, 179,186, 197, 204±5

Shaw, George Bernard, 33, 42 n, 44, 51, 69,196, 210, 235

Shelley, Percy Bysshe, 4, 22, 28±31, 34, 40,51, 82, 120±3, 127, 152, 178

Sheriff, R. C., 245Shove, Fredegond, 169±70Shove, Gerald, 170, 225Simpson, Henry, 128Sinclair, May, 234Sitwell, Edith, 1, 197, 205±6, 212±13,

224±5, 255±6, 259, 262Sitwell, Osbert, 1, 114, 197, 201, 204±6,

212, 224±5, 262, 284 n7Sitwell, Sacheverell, 197, 201, 206, 231,

224±5Skilton, J. H., 42 n, 44, 48±9, 51±3Smythe, Alfred, 100, 271Sorley, Charles, 171, 174Spati, Marie, 75±7, 85, 162, 171, 177, 179Spender, Stephen, 251, 261±2Spurgeon, Caroline, 193Squire, J. C., 42 n, 122±3,135, 142, 152, 175,

190, 205±6, 208±9, 212, 214, 224, 231Stephens, James, 105Storer, Edward, 93, 131, 135Straus, Ralph, 17±18, 39, 42±4, 48±9, 53,

69, 85, 92, 197, 212Swinburne, A. C., 4, 17, 23, 39, 43, 86, 121,

197, 260 n, 268

Tagore, Rabindranath, 131, 167Tchaikovsky, Vera, 111, 122, 128, 131, 133,

159, 168±9, 180, 264Tennyson, Charles, 75Tessimond, A. S. J., 225Thomas, Edward: friendship with HM, 69,

79, 85, 93, 104, 109, 124±5; opinions ofHM's work, 70, 86, 92, 111;contributions to PD, 125±6, 145, 155;war service, 149, 161, 189; HM refusespoems, 157±8, 187; poems read at PB,193; mentioned, 1, 54, 118, 135, 142,167, 175, 201

Thorold, Algar, 83, 123, 159

Tolstoy, Leo, 26±7, 37, 44, 69, 73, 76Tomalin, Ruth, x, 263Trench, Herbert, 145Turner, Reggie, 95Turner, W. J., 190, 193, 204±5, 212, 224

Untermeyer, Louis, 162

Vandenborght, M., 250±1Van Volkenburg, Nellie, 80±1, 101, 131, 145Verhaeren, Emile, 171Vernon, W. F., 44, 48±9, 52Vines, Sherard, 117, 197, 210, 252, 256Vorticism, 144, 155, 161

Wadsworth, Edward, 143Waidberg (Zurich), 61, 65, 69, 71±2, 77, 89Watson, William, 185±6, 253Watt, Basil Harry, 3, 92, 101, 105, 109, 116,

126, 131, 133±4, 140, 142, 144 n, 145,149, 151, 161, 163±4, 188±9, 217, 242

Waugh, Alec, 3, 122, 178, 201, 204, 206,209, 212, 222 n, 259

Waugh, Arthur, 259Webb, Beatrice, 44Wells, H. G., 4, 29, 34±5, 37, 40±1, 43±5,

48±53, 59, 62, 69, 71, 74, 83±4, 86, 91,124, 147, 228, 244

Wellesley, Lady Dorothy, 239West, Rebecca, 207Whichelo, Tom, 202, 259White, Ethelbert, 224Wickham, Anna, 3, 126, 144 n, 153,

159±60, 171, 175, 224±5, 233Wilde, Oscar, 10, 75, 95, 117 nWilkinson, Arthur, 225, 240Wilkinson, Cuthbert, 95Wilkinson, Louis, 10, 16, 18Wilson, T. P. Cameron (`Jim'), 142, 149,

169, 176, 189, 197, 200Winzer, Charles, 138, 170, 201, 210, 226Wolfe, Humbert, 201, 220, 224, 237, 240,

262Woolf, Virginia, 95, 130, 175, 239Wordsworth, William, 14, 86, 152, 174,

214

Yeats, W. B., 1, 5, 93, 95, 101, 111, 116,122±4, 131, 142, 156, 166, 169, 171, 175,202, 208, 262

Yorke, Dorothy, 193, 202

300 Index