Appendix 1 Ovid MEDLINE search strategy: 1. Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory/ 2. (ABPM or ambulatory blood pressure monitor* or ambulatory BP monitor* or ambulatory blood pressure measur* or ambulatory BP measur*).mp. 3. ((24-h or 24 hour or 48h or 48 hour or diurnal) adj1 (BP or blood pressure)).mp. 4. Reproducibility of Results/ 5. (variability or repeatability or reproducibility or reliability).mp. 6. 1 or 2 or 3 7. 4 or 5 8. 6 and 7 9. limit 8 to humans 10. limit 9 to "all adult (19 plus years)" EMBASE search strategy: 1. blood pressure monitoring/ 2. (ABPM or ambulatory blood pressure monitor* or ambulatory BP monitor* or ambulatory blood pressure measur* or ambulatory BP measur*).mp. 3. ((24-h or 24 hour or 48h or 48 hour or diurnal) adj1 (BP or blood pressure)).mp. 4. reproducibility/ 5. (variability or repeatability or reproducibility or reliability).mp. 6. 1 or 2 or 3
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Appendix 1
Ovid MEDLINE search strategy:
1. Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory/
2. (ABPM or ambulatory blood pressure monitor* or ambulatory BP monitor* or ambulatory blood
pressure measur* or ambulatory BP measur*).mp.
3. ((24-h or 24 hour or 48h or 48 hour or diurnal) adj1 (BP or blood pressure)).mp.
4. Reproducibility of Results/
5. (variability or repeatability or reproducibility or reliability).mp.
6. 1 or 2 or 3
7. 4 or 5
8. 6 and 7
9. limit 8 to humans
10. limit 9 to "all adult (19 plus years)"
EMBASE search strategy:
1. blood pressure monitoring/
2. (ABPM or ambulatory blood pressure monitor* or ambulatory BP monitor* or ambulatory blood
pressure measur* or ambulatory BP measur*).mp.
3. ((24-h or 24 hour or 48h or 48 hour or diurnal) adj1 (BP or blood pressure)).mp.
4. reproducibility/
5. (variability or repeatability or reproducibility or reliability).mp.
6. 1 or 2 or 3
7. 4 or 5
8. 6 and 7
9. limit 8 to human
10. limit 9 to adult <18 to 64 years> or aged <65+ years>)
CINAHL Complete search strategy:
S1. (MH "Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory")
S2. TX ABPM or ambulatory blood pressure monitor* or ambulatory BP monitor* or ambulatory
blood pressure measur* or ambulatory BP measur*
S3. TX ((24-h or 24 hour or 48h or 48 hour or diurnal) n1 (BP or blood pressure)
S4. (MH "Reproducibility of Results")
S5. TX variability or repeatability or reproducibility or reliability
S6. S1 OR S2 OR S3
S7. S4 OR S5
S8. S6 AND S7
S9. S8 Limiters - Human
S10. S9 Limiters - Human; Age Groups: All Adult
Appendix 2 (a) List and characteristics of included studies
Study Country ABPM model Frequency of BP measurements Definition of night-
time
Interval between
ABPM
Ash2013 [9] USA Accutracker II 20 minutes (awake); 30 minutes
Mochizuki1998[49] 253 53% 100 0% 22 to 80 year old
Musso 1997[20] 32 56% 0 0% 30.84+/-1.17
Perkarski2002[50] 33 48% 100 NA 36-60
RahbariOskoui2011[29] 25 48% 100 100% 43.1 +/-8.6
Shapio1998[51] 104 45% 0 0% 55-79
Shinagawa2002[52] 54 54% NA NA 51.5 +/-10.8
Stenehjem2004[27] 65 72% 100 0% 47.6+/-9.3
Stergiou2002[53] 133 55% NA 0% 48.4+/-10.2
Stergiou2010[54] 126 56% 100 100% 48.2+/-10.7
Thijs1992[55] 42 34% 100 0% median 70; range 60-
92
Trazzi1991[19] 20 74% 100 NA 43.2+/-2.8
Tsuchihashi2002[32] 37 5% 38 11% 86+/-6.1
Uen2009[28] 97 57% 71 24% 52+/-12
VanBergeLandry2010[56
]
139 0% NA 0% 39+/-9
VanDerSteen1999[14] 45 40% 100 0% 46+/-13.7
Verdecchia1991[21] 44 52% 100 0% 52+/-11
Viera2010[57] 50 44% 0 0% 49+/-10
Viera2014[58] 420 44% NA 0% 48+/-12
Weber1982[59] 6 100% 100 0% 51; range 36-66
Zakopoulos2001[60] 20 55% 100 0% 52+/-3.2
Further references:
44. Cornish PJ, Blanchard EB, Jaccard J. Test-retest reliability of 24-hour ambulatory blood pressures. Biofeedback Self Regul 1995; 20 (2):137-154.
45. Cuspidi C, Sala C, Valerio C, Negri F, Mancia G. Nocturnal blood pressure in untreated essential hypertensives. Blood Press 2011; 20 (6):335-341.
46. Hietanen E, Wendelin-Saarenhovi M. Ambulatory blood pressure reproducibility and application of the method in a healthy Finnish cohort. Scand J
Clin Lab Invest 1996; 56 (5):471-480.
47. Hinderliter AL, Routledge FS, Blumenthal JA, Koch G, Hussey MA, Wohlgemuth WK et al. Reproducibility of blood pressure dipping: Relation to
day-to-day variability in sleep quality. J Am Soc Hypertens 2013; 7 (6):432-439.
48. Mancia G, Omboni S, Parati G, Trazzi S, Mutti E. Limited reproducibility of hourly blood pressure values obtained by ambulatory blood pressure
monitoring: Implications for studies on antihypertensive drugs. J Hypertens 1992; 10 (2):1531-1535.
49. Mochizuki Y, Okutani M, Donfeng Y, Iwasaki H, Takusagawa M, Kohno I et al. Limited reproducibility of circadian variation in blood pressure
dippers and nondippers. Am J Hypertens 1998; 11 (4):403-409.
50. Pekarski SE, Mordovin VF, Triss SV, Semke GV, Kolodina MV. Improved automatic analysis of ambulatory blood pressure data based on precise
detection of individual night-time from diurnal profile of heart rate. Blood Press Monit 2002; 7 (2):117-121.
51. Shapiro D, Goldstein IB. Wrist actigraph measures of physical activity level and ambulatory blood pressure in healthy elderly persons.
Psychophysiology 1998; 35 (3):305-312.
52. Shinagawa M, Otsuka K, Murakami S, Kubo Y, Cornelissen G, Matsubayashi K et al. Seven-day (24-h) ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, self-
reported depression and quality of life scores. Blood Press Monit 2002; 7 (1):69-76.
53. Stergiou GS, Baibas NM, Gantzarou AP, Skeva II, Kalkana CB, Roussias LG et al. Reproducibility of home, ambulatory, and clinic blood pressure:
Implications for the design of trials for the assessment of antihypertensive drug efficacy. Am J Hypertens 2002; 15 (2):101-104.
54. Stergiou GS, Kollias A, Rarra VC, Roussias LG. Ambulatory arterial stiffness index: Reproducibility of different definitions. Am J Hypertens 2010;
23 (2):129-134.
55. Thijs L, Amery A, Clement D, Cox J, De Cort P, Fagard R et al. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in elderly patients with isolated systolic
hypertension. 1992; 10 (7):693-699.
56. Van Berge-Landry HM, Bovbjerg DH, James GD. The reproducibility of ethnic differences in the proportional awake-sleep blood pressure decline
among women. Am J Hum Biol 2010; 22 (3):325-329.
57. Viera AJ, Hinderliter AL, Kshirsagar AV, Fine J, Dominik R. Reproducibility of masked hypertension in adults with untreated borderline office blood
pressure: Comparison of ambulatory and home monitoring. Am J Hypertens 2010; 23 (11):1190-1197.
58. Viera AJ, Lin FC, Tuttle LA, Olsson E, Stankevitz K, Girdler SS et al. Reproducibility of masked hypertension among adults 30 years or older. Blood
Press Monit 2014; 19 (4):208-215.
59. Weber MA, Drayer JIM, Wyle FA, Deyoung JL. Reproducibility of the whole-day blood pressure pattern in essential hypertension. Clin Exp
Hypertens A 1982; 4 (8):1377-1390.
60. Zakopoulos N, Nanas SN, Lekakis JP, Vemmos KN, Kotsis VT, Pitiriga VC et al. Reproducibility of ambulatory blood pressure measurements in