Appendix 1 Diagrams and Maps

268

Appendix 1 Diagrams and Maps

FIGURE 15. Location of Aleppo. Adapted from www.weather-

forecast.com/locations/Aleppo.

FIGURE 16. Aerial photograph of the Khan al-Jumruk and surrounding bazaars. © Google

Earth, 2012.

269

FIGURE 17. Layout of the Khan al-Jumruk and associated bazaars (Starkey, ‘Khan al-

Jumruk’, 120).

FIGURE 18. Khan al-Jumruk complex ground plan (Starkey, ‘Khan al-Jumruk’, 122).

270

FIGURE 19. Location of Vishākhapatnam (N17 41’ (N 17° 41' 24'' E 83° 12' 33'') on the Bay

of Bengal, Adapted from http://saints.sqpn.com/ncd04163.htm

FIGURE 20. ‘India in the time of Warren Hastings’ (www.probertencyclopaedia.com)

271

Appendix 2 Merchants and officials

1. Aleppo 1740–1772

Name Comments Abbott, John arr. Aleppo 1759; succeeded Hays as consul 1770–1783 when he died.

Abbott, Robert consul (d.1797); brother of John Abbott

Drummond, Alexander British Consul, Aleppo, previously/coincidentally in Cyprus 1754–

1756+; 6 August 1758 met Ives and his party.1

Bellamy, William a great trader who went bankrupt; 2 joined in 1746.

Booth merchant

Bosanquet, David factor; William Fitzhugh worked with him.

Bridger, Colvill last of Radcliffe’s factors in Aleppo; a volatile, weak character, troubled

by conflicting interests,3; 6 August 1758 met Ives and his party; lived in

Aleppo from 1754 until 1765,4 but died shortly after; took over John

Free’s business after John d.1755; Treasurer in 1765; partner was John

Radcliffe; friend of Jan Jacob Schultens (Leiden, Professor of Oriental

Languages)

Browne, Francis consul 1758, died in Aleppo 10 October 1759).5

Channer, Toby apprenticed to William Hayter;6 trading between 1735 and 1751.

Chitty, Jacob William Fitzhugh worked with him

Chitty, Josiah Josiah Chitty (d.1751) who was trading in Aleppo between 1744 and

1747; in partnership with John Free.

Clark(e), William consul 1768–d. in Aleppo July 1769.

Coke, Nevil consul 1727–1740.

Crofts, Thomas (1750–1753) who travelled to Mount Lebanon with Drummond.7

Dawes, Reverend Thomas chaplain after Charles Holloway from August 1759 to June 1769;

followed by Robert Foster; started a register of events from 1762;

collected coins.8

Drummond. Alexander consul after Pollard also serving in Cyprus; accompanied Hemming,

Levett and William Fitzhugh on an expedition to the Euphrates in 1747

and even visited a Turkmen settlement.

Edwards, Edward chaplain 1729–d.1742, buried in Aleppo.

Edwards, Eleazar

[Aleazar]

factor by 1754; chancellor from c.1764–1781; 1764 his wife Elizabeth

died of consumption,; listed by Wilson as chaplain 1769–1770; still in

Aleppo in 1781.9

FitzHugh, William sent out as a trainee aged eighteen to work for factor David Bosanquet;

then for the London merchant Jacob Chitty, and finally as an

1 Ives obtained funds in Aleppo via Consul Drummond in 1758 (Ives, Voyage, 196, 236, 363, 366).

2 Davis, Devonshire Square, 51, 57, 94, 246, 249, 250.

3 Davis, Devonshire Square, 2, 21.

4 Elena Frangakis-Syrett, ‘Trade practices in Aleppo in the middle of the eighteenth century’, Revue

du monde musulman et de la Méditerranée 62 (1991), 123–32; Pedigree Register, 215, 217. 5 Pedigree Register, 215.

6 Davis, Devonshire Square, 65.

7 Laidlaw, British in the Levant, 103–4.

8 William Hunter’s coin cabinet was second only to that of the King of France by 1782, the nucleus

being a cabinet of c.450 Syrian coins collected at Aleppo by Dawes (J. Donald Bateson, ‘Great

Collectors; William Hunter’, www.muenzgeschichte.ch/downloads/collectors-hunter.pdf (10

December 2009). Patrick was paid fifty guineas by Hunter for his coin collection in 2 October 1776;

in 1780 Hunter paid £1000 for factor Samuel Bosanquet’s collection of coins from Aleppo. MS

Hunter H453, H457, H.348. Patrick’s 9 gold, 15 silver and over 48 base silver Turkish coins are listed

in Squibb, Catalogue, 58–59. George Macdonald, Catalogue of Greek Coins in the Hunterian

Collection, University of Glasgow (Glasgow: James Maclehose and Sons, 1899), i, x, xxiv, xxvii–

xxviii. On other coin collectors in Aleppo, see Boogert, ‘Freemasonry’, 118. 9 Pedigree Register.

272

Name Comments independent factor; left Aleppo a wealthy man;

10 trading between 1735

and 1751; accompanied Drummond, Levett and Hemming on an

expedition to the Euphrates in 1747 and even visited a Turkmen

settlement.

Foley, Dudley trading in 1740s; with Charles Lisle.11

Foster, Robert chaplain, 1770–1778 and later served in Smyrna; followed by John

Hussey.

Free, John in partnership with the factor Josiah Chitty; After John Free’s death

(d.1755), Bridger took over his business.12

Free, Nathaniel factor by 1754; 6 August 1758 met Ives and his party.

Frye & Mitford merchant house/trading partnership in the 1740s.13

Griffiths MD, Julius/John On disastrous journey with Hay and his daughter.14

H.J. & T. March ailing merchant house;15

; trading in 1740s; partners included Samuel

Medley and Arthur Pullinger.

Hamond, William another partner in Stratton & Hamond; trading in Aleppo from 1747

until 1754, after which Bridger took over the whole of the Radcliffe &

Stratton’s business.16

Hays, David pro-consul 1783–1784; factor by 1754, in Aleppo in 1758 and still there

in 1774; 6 August 1758 met Ives and his party; Hays died on a

disastrous journey with his daughter and Julius/John Griffiths, MD.

Hayter, William took on Toby Channer; trading between 1735 and 1751.

Hemming, John c.1743–1748, left Aleppo by 1750 succeeded? by Dawes; about twenty-

five when he arrived; accompanied Drummond on two or more

expeditions from Aleppo including an expedition to the Euphrates in

1747 with Drummond, Levett and William Fitzhugh; even by 1747 was

suffering from gout; Freemason in 1748; chaplain; later became chaplain

and headmaster, then Dean of Guernsey (d.1765).17

Holloway, Reverend

Charles

chaplain 1742–d.22 September 1758, buried in Aleppo;18

followed as

chaplain by Thomas Dawes from August 1759 to June 1769.

Hopkins, Joseph nephew of David Hays, died in Aleppo in 1769.

Hughes, Francis (d.1762) died of malignant fever.19

Hussey, John chaplain after Robert Foster from 1779–1782; he died en route to India

in 1799.20

Kinloch, William brother of Sir James Kinloch of Nevay; consul from 1759; dismissed in

1766, after serving as chargé d’affaires in Constantinople from 1765,

d.1812?).21

Kirkhouse, John Brand Scottish merchant; 6 August 1758 met Ives and his party; chancellor

1758–1759, until c.1764; later acting vice-consul in Larnaca; a

Freemason.

10

Terrick V.H. FitzHugh and Henry A. Fitzhugh. The history of the FitzHugh family (Ottershaw:

[T.V.H. Fitzhugh], 1998). 11

Davis, Devonshire Square, 67. 12


Davis, Devonshire Square, 20, 90, 228. 14

John Griffiths, MD, RMSEd, Travels in Europe, Asia Minor and Arabia (Edinburgh: John Brown,

1805); fl 1785s, a sentimental account. 15



Drummond, Different cities, 194, in Letter X (26.10.1747), 236 in Letter XI (27.12.1748); Pedigree

Register, 215; Laidlaw, British in the Levant, 99–100; Aleppo observed, 97, lists Hemming as

chaplain. 18

Ives, Voyage, 370. 19

Pedigree Register, 216. 20

Laidlaw, British in the Levant, 228–9. 21

SP 105/119, cited by Laidlaw, British in the Levant, 43–44.

273

Name Comments Lansdown, Thomas factor by 1754; 6 August 1758 met Ives and his party.

Levett Mr merchant; accompanied Drummond and Hemming on an expedition to

the Euphrates in 1747 and visited a Turkmen settlement.22

Lisle, Charles trading in 1740s with Dudley Foley.

Maffick merchant; 6 August 1758 met Ives and his party.

Masters, Mr Samuel Johnson writes of a Mr Masters, consul in 1783, who had

planted his gardens in the English fashion and after visiting it a wife of

the Pasha’s wife concealed herself in a cupboard. Masters informed the

Pasha and she was thrown off a bridge and he left Aleppo speedily.23

Medley, Samuel went into a disastrous partnership with Arthur Pullinger in H., J. and T.

March, cloth and silk merchants in Aleppo, until it went bankrupt in

1739.

Micklethwait, Nathaniel consul 1740–1745.

Newton, Richard in Aleppo in 1755; d.1762 of erysipelas, an acute skin infection.

Philips, Thomas in Aleppo in 1755.24

Pollard, Arthur consul after R. Sherman and before Drummond; 1747–1751 Dutch

consul.

Preston, Henry pro-consul 1766–1768, left Aleppo by 1773.

Pullinger, Arthur partner with Samuel Medley in H., J., and T. March, cloth and silk

merchants in Aleppo, until it went bankrupt in 1739; in Aleppo between

1725 and 1739 and returned there at least in 1747;25

epigrapher; friend

of the traveller Richard Pococke, as well as Voltaire; wrote an account

of journey in 1739, between Aleppo and Constantinople.26

Radcliffe & Stratton partnership; partners included Arthur Radcliffe; eventually taken over by

Colvill Badger.

Radcliffe family ran one of the more important businesses over many years.27

Radcliffe, Arthur 1734–1743 with Radcliffe & Stratton; stolid and amiable with his family

but severe as a businessman;28

; factor between 1740 and 1772

Radcliffe, John a cheerful soul fresh from Eton, was sent to Aleppo in March 1758 to

become a partner to Colvill Bridger; heir to the Radcliffe business in

London in 1760 and returned home, after the death of his elder brother; a

spendthrift, dying insolvent and childless in 1783.

22

Either Francis Levett or his nephew John. Francis Levett (1700–1764), a factor of the Levant

Company in Constantinople at least from 1737 to 1749 when he went home to England; previously

apprenticed to Edward Radcliffe; partner of Andrew Turnbull (1718–1792), then British Consul at

Smyrna. The Swiss-French artist Jean-Étienne Liotard (1702–1789), who accompanied Lord

Duncannon, William Ponsonby (1704–1793, Lord Duncannon, second Earl of Bessborough from

1758) and John Montagu, fourth Earl of Sandwich, to Constantinople in 1738 and stayed there until

1742, painted ‘Monsieur Levett and Mademoiselle Glavani in Turkish costume’, oil on canvas, in

Constantinople c.1740. Francis was also the subject of a portrait by Johann Christoph von

Reinsperger, after Jean Etienne Liotard (NPG D10909). John Levett was a factor in Angora (Ankara)

in 1746. In 1715 (probably another) John Levett was serving in Scanderoon and in 1711 and 1727 in

Aleppo (SP 105/332–3). Registers of orders from the General Court of the Levant Company;

Hertfordshire Archives and Local Studies, DE/R/B54; DE/R/B54 22.3.1727/8 John Levett (Aleppo)). 23

A.L.S. Weymouth to Samuel Johnson (26 August 1783), in Robert Borthwick Adam, The R.B.

Adam library relating to Dr Samuel Johnson and his era (London: Oxford University Press, 1929),

238–9. 24

Aleppo observed, 32. 25

Drew-Bear et al., ‘Arthur Pullinger’; Davis, Devonshire Square, 67. 26

Baigent, ‘Pococke, Richard’. 27

Davis, Devonshire Square, 1–26, focuses on the Radcliffe merchant family,. The Radcliffe family

and business papers and letters are an invaluable source, lodged in Hertfordshire Archives and Local

Studies, DE/R/B142—B390, with information on many other merchants in Aleppo (Golightly,

Fitzhugh, Stratton etc.). 28

Davis, Devonshire Square, 19.

274

Name Comments Shaw merchant; 6 August 1758 met Ives and his party.

Sherman, R. consul 1743.

Smith, Charles factor at least between 1754 and 1763; 6 August 1758 met Ives and his

party; treasurer in 1758 ; pro-consul in 1770–1772; still in Aleppo in

1778 and pro-consul again 1784–1786.29

Stratton & Hammond partnership: partners included Richard Stratton and William Hammond.

Stratton, Richard factor between 1740 and d.1759; worked in Aleppo for sixteen years,

first with the Radcliffe factorage in Aleppo, then as part of Stratton &

Hammond from 1749; competent, but excessively self-confident, with a

genuine concern for the London merchants he represented; ‘irascible,

quick to take offence and quick to forgive, sharp-minded, growing from

uncertainty to over confidence in his own abilities’.30

Vernon, Thomas factor by 1754;31

6 August 1758 met Ives and his party.

Vezin, Michael de pro-consul from 1786 until 1791 when the Levant Company ceased

trading in Aleppo.

Wakeman, George pro-consul 1740; granted liberty to trade in Aleppo in 1728.

Wilkes, Israel consul 1770.32

2. Consuls in Aleppo

Laurens d’Arvieux was Dutch and French consul between 1680 and 1683. Dutch

consuls during the period 1740 to 1810 included Henrik Abraham Heirmans (1740–

1747); Pollard (1747–1751); Henrik Haanwinckel (1752–1755); Mattias van Asten

(1755–1756); Jan van Kerchem (1756–1760; Jan Heemskerk (1770–1763); Nicolaas

van van Maseijk [van Maseyk] (1764–1784) though in 1769 the Venetian consul,

Domenico Serioli, held the post; Jan van Maseijk (van Maseyk), was consul from

1784–1810.33

French consuls during the period included Léon de Lane (1735–1742); Joseph

Arazy (Arasi) 1742–1745); Françoise de Lane (1745–1747); L. Dauphin (deputising)

29

William Smith was in Aleppo in 1774 and 1778 (Pedigree Register, 227, 326). 30

Sarah Searight, The British in the Middle East (London: East-West Publications, 1969), 19, 25, 67. 31

Thomas Vernon’s letters are in SP 105/33. Thomas Vernon’s daughter Louisa married first, David

Hays (d.1785/6) in 1778 and their daughter Marianne married John Barker, the consul in Aleppo in

1808. Louisa’s second husband was Robert Abbott, the consul (d.1797) and brother of John Abbott

(consul) who succeeded Hays. Thomas Landsdown’s letters are in SP 110/30 (Davis, Devonshire

Square, 246). On the Hays, Abbotts and Barker families, see Laidlaw, British in the Levant, 155, 205–

10, 213. 32

Israel Wilkes (b.1722) was the eldest son of Israel Wilkes (1681–1745) and brother of John Wilkes

(1725–1797), the last being a friend of John Armstrong MD who reviewed Aleppo in 1756. Israel

Wilkes was married on 10 July 1752 in London to Elizabeth de Ponthieu, daughter of Josias de

Ponthieu, ‘an eminent Hamburg merchant, elected FRS 1760; later emigrated to America; d.1805 in

New York. (www.historyhome.co.uk/people/wilkes2.htm (6 June 2011). 33

Otto Schutte, Repertorium der nederlandse vertegenwoordigers, residerende in het Buitenland

1584–1810 (‘s-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1976), 353–4.

275

1747; Pierre Thomas (1748–1768);34

Pierre (Petro) de Perdriau (1768–1779); after

Patrick left the French consul was Marie-Nicolas-Alexandre Amé (1779–1786).35

Venetian consuls in Aleppo were based in Khān al-Nahasīn from the fifteenth

to the nineteenth centuries and included Gerolamo Brigadi, Venetian consul in

Cyprus, who was appointed in 1754; Domenico Serioli (1764–1775); Stefano

Popolari proconsul from 1775 until he died in 1777.

3. Ambassadors to the Porte

During the Russells’ time in Aleppo the British ambassadors to the Porte included

Everard Fawkener (1737–1746); Stanhope Aspinwall (1742–1747); Sir James Porter

(1747–1762) who married Clarrisa Catherine, the daughter of Elbert, second baron

Hochpied, the Dutch ambassador to the Porte in 1753.36

Henry Grenville (appointed

1761; arrived 1762–1764) married Margaret Banks; their daughter Louisa (1758–

1829), was the second wife of Charles Stanhope FRS, Third Earl Stanhope (1753–

1816), the first being Lady Hester Pitt (d.1780), daughter of the Prime Minister,

William Pitt the Elder. Hester Pitt’s daughter from his first marriage was the

infamous Arabist Lady Hester Stanhope (1776–1839); Robert Colebrooke (1765);

John Murray (1714–1775, ambassador 1765–1775) was previously been based in

Venice where he led a hedonistic life. His wife Bridget, did not accompany Murray

to Constantinople;37

Sir Robert Ainslie (ambassador 1776–1794), a Scottish

Orientalist and numismatist.

34

Ives, Voyage, 302. 35

El-Mudarris and Salmon, Le consulat de France, 473. 36

Laidlaw, British in the Levant, 182. 37

Zoë Holmes, ‘Murray, John (c.1714–1775)’, ODNB; D.B. Horn for the Royal Historical Society,

British Diplomatic Representatives 1689–1789, (London: Offices of the Society, 1932), 10, 154;

Laidlaw, British in the Levant.

276

Appendix 3 Archives: collections, illustrations and manuscripts

This Appendix not only contains any archive material cited in this thesis but also all relevant

resources relating to members of the Russell family — insofar as they have been identified.

Aberdeen University, Special Libraries and Archives GB 0231 MS 38/88. Letter from John Ellis, Gray’s Inn, London, to David Skene, December 1766

Auctions Bonhams, lot 64Y 19 November 2008. Frederick William Locke, Claud of Binfield wearing pale blue

coat, frilled chemise and white stock, his hair powdered and worn en queue, Copied by Mr Lock in

1877 from the original which was painted in 1790 or thereabouts by an artist whose initials were

J.S. (ie John Smart). http://ihm.nlm.nih.gov/images/B22599; Lewes, Gorringes: Lot 2038: 2011. A

Male Ruby-cheeked Sunbird, 10.75 x 8in. George Edwards (1694–1773) ink and watercolour, A

Male Ruby-cheeked Sunbird, Inscribed at length by the artist ‘This bird is in the Collection of

Alexander M.D. It was brought from the East Indies...I take it to be a Bird hitherto undescribed

Geo Edwards March 1768’, John Nicholsons 2008 Lot 1297: Claude Russell. Portrait, painted by

his daughter Emma Bland. 9 x 7.5ins; Mullock’s Specialist Sporting Auctioneers 2003 Lot 191

Patrick’s extensive manuscript notes on his memoirs and his activities during the plague in Aleppo

in the 1760s, sent in the form of a letter to his brother Claud in Edinburgh, providing considerable

information on Russell’s activities during the plague, in fine condition,4.5pp folioSotheby’s 1994.

Lot 1174: [Portrait Miniature] William John Thompson, after Allan Ramsay Patrick, M.D., F.R.A.

1726–1805 half length, wearing a powdered wig, putty- coloured coat and a waistcoat and a lace

jabot, signed, inscribed and dated 1825 on the reverse, gilt-metal mount, cased rectangular 13cm;

5.125in ; 1994. Lot 1175: [Portrait Miniature] William John Thomson, after an earlier portrait

Alexander, M.D., F.R.S. d.1768 seated half length, holding a pipe, wearing a black cap, and blue

day-gown and a white cravat, the reverse with part signature and [ Portrait Miniature ] William

John Thomson, after an earlier portrait Alexander, M.D., F.R.S. d.1768 seated half length, holding

a pipe, wearing a black cap, and blue day-gown and a white cravat, the reverse with part signature

and inscription, gilt metal, cased rectangular 14.5cm; 5.75in.

California State Library, Sutro Library MS Banks Manuscripts To Banks from Dr Patrick Russell 26 November 1788

Edinburgh: National Library of Scotland (NLS) GB 233 Adv.MS.25.3.9 ‘Letter-book of John Russell of Braidshaw, WS’. 1700–1712, (adm.1711), started in

1700 and continued, until 1712, with an almost complete gap between December 1704 and January

1707, and another between November 1707 and May 1709. It contains copies, drafts and,

summaries of his outgoing letters, and copies of legal and financial documents concerning himself

and his sisters. Several letters are addressed to merchants and officials in Rotterdam (where his

father had been a merchant) and in other parts of Holland; MS.3944 fol. 113.William Robertson-

Thomas Joseph Douglas MacDonald Papers

Edinburgh: National Records of Scotland (NAS; formerly National Archives of Scotland) GB 234 GD 26/6/168. Account-book of fees due to John Russell of Braidshaw, W.S., by the Earls of Leven

for legal services 1712–1728. GD 1/885 Register House Papers. 1678–1697: letters, tax

assessments. Andrew Russell, merchant, Rotterdam, papers relating to trading matters (1675–

1696). Letters received 1681–1692.Papers relating to trading matters, 1675–1696, including: Bills

of lading, 1675–1695; Declaration of war, 1689; Edinburgh Evening Courant, 1724; Import

licences, 1680–1696; Assessments, 1680–1697; Correspondence, 1678–1696; Impost vouchers,

1688–1696; Insurance policy, 1693. GD1/885/1-8 purchased at auction by the NAS in 1979.

GD1/885/9–18 purchased in 1994–1996, GD1/885/40 purchased in 2006. RH 15/106 Andrew. RH

15/106/543/1, 16 Letters to Andrew Russell; MP 288–65 and 380 Letters, accounts and other

papers of Andrew, Rotterdam, and his grandfather, John Russell, burgess of Stirling 1616–1702;

GD 253/145/9/5. [Freer, Adam], ‘List of the plants growing in the neighbourhood of Aleppo

prepared ann. 1769’, John Hope papers donated 1865 to the Royal Botanical Gardens, Edinburgh

277

and now in NAS as part of a deposited collection: Papers of Messrs D. and J.H. Campbell, WS,

solicitors, Edinburgh;1

Edinburgh: Royal College of Physicians in Edinburgh RCPE MSS 1788 Papers of Patrick including a copy of two letters from Patrick to Banks on various subjects

connected with Indian medicine. [Vizagapalam] 22 & 26.xi.1788 fol. including Russell to Banks,

22 November 1788. In the same volume as Roxburgh’s "Swietenia febrifuga" (ROXBURGH,

William, 1.); Papers of William Roxburgh (1715–1815) including A description of Swietenia

febrifuga. 1792, fol. Written in the same volume as RUSSELL, Patrick, 1. Published in Medical

Comment, 1793, decade 2, vii, 54-48.

Edinburgh: Signet Library Allan Ramsey (1713–1784), John Russell of Roseburne, 1758 (Alastair Smart & John Imgamells,

Allan Ramsey: a complete catalogue of his paintings (Yale University Press, 1999), no. 455 fig.

487)

Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh La II 715Botanical cabinet of Indian plants. Bequest from Patrick to the University of Edinburgh,

1805

Glasgow University Library GB 0247 MS 156 William Cullen, letter to Dr Balfour Russell, 1759b, Cullen Papers;

MS Farmer 561 Sp Coll Hunterian Ch.2.5. Additional material: Hunter Papers 1769. Correspondence

between Dr. William Hunter (1718–1783), Physician Extraordinary to Queen Charlotte, 1764–

1783, and Patrick. (Aleppo). Relating to Albucasis Chyrurgiorum Abū’L-Qàsim’s Tasrif. Tipped in

are 2 letters from H. Gibb, St. John’s College, Oxford, to Henry George Farmer, 1944; and

photocopies of John Channing’s text of ‘Albucasis de Chirurgia’ 1778, specimen of Thos. Hunt’s

Arabic script and handwriting. [Originally accessioned as MS8-1932 shelved at MS2-a.10]; 561

fol. 3V. In the manuscript, fols 1–2 initial request on Hunter’s behalf, presumably written by

Alexander; fols 3–4 the reply dated Aleppo, 18 May 1769 (by Patrick, according to the writing: ‘"I

have not sent a Translation, as Doctor Hunter may have Re- course to the Editor of Rhasis, or to

some other of the English Arabians’); fols. 5–8 contain the two Arabic copies of the chapter in

question (faΒl 49 of book 2) from the surgery by Albucasis; and fols 9–10 the translation and notes

in the handwriting of Channing;2

MS Farmer 584 MuΉammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-ShalāΉī, Kitāb al-imtaΚ wa’l-intifΚ fi masΜalat samāΚ al-

samāΚ, Biblioteca Nacional de Madrid, MS 603. Photographic copy; 2 facing folios per print.

Original manuscript: 119 folios, 21 lines per page, in Maghribi script, on 15th-century paper; text

has date 701 at end. This photographic copy was made for H.G. Farmer who made it available to

James Robson to make his Arabic transliteration and English translation Given to H.G. Farmer by

Robson for safekeeping during World War II; MS Farmer 584/1 Transcription of Maghribi script

into Arabic by James Robson. Accompanies draft of English translation at MS Farmer 586/2. MS

Hunter 44 (T.2.2) Glasgow University Library William Hunter’s collection includes Arabic tracts

bought at Dr Mead’s sale. John Young and P. Henderson Aitken, A Catalogue of the Manuscripts

in the Library of The Hunterian Museum in The University of Glasgow. (Glasgow, 1908), 51;

MS Hunter 130 (T.6.12). Durru’l Дabab fī A’yan Дalab Radī al-Dīn MuΉammad,(Ibn u’l Hanbali),

etc. (‘Pearls of Bubbles on the Famous Men of Aleppo’, over 600 biographies arranged

alphabetically);

MS Hunter 133 (T.6.15) .Muhammad Ibn Zakariyyah, (Abu Bakr), Razi, (Errazi), (i.e. Rhazes), De

Variolis et Morbillis. Arabice.Salomonis Negri, Eivsdem Operis Tradvctio. On ii, 1 recto: No. VIII.

Between i, 2. and 3., loose, is an autograph letter of the translator, Salomon Negri, dated Jan. 3,

1723, not addressed. well written in single cols. of 10 lines (Young and Aitken, Catalogue, 121;

MS Hunter H 453 Russell, Peter [i.e. Patrick], Catalogue, ‘A list of Consul Drummond’s medals taken

by me at Aleppo’. Probably Dr. Peter Russel’s collection, a selection from which Hunter bought.

1 The RBGE has a xerox of this list. Henry Noltie verifies that it is by Freer. Noltie ‘has been going

through the herbarium and finding many of the specimens still there. His writing is tiny and beautiful

and unmistakable.’ (personal communication, 5.10.2011). Mentioned in Laidlaw, British in the

Levant, 151. 2 Savage-Smith, ‘John Channing’, n.42.

278

Collected before 1799. The Hunterian records recognise that this was Patrick with the following

note: See also H457 and Hunter’s ‘Account’ 2nd Nov. 1776, H408; Combe, p.viii: ‘Vir egregius

Petrus Russel, M.D.’; Macdonald, ‘Introduction’, p.xxiv. For Drummond’s friendship with Russel,

see Travels Through Different Cities, etc., by Alexander Drummond, p.193’;

MS Hunter H 457 Catalogus Numismatum, Aleppo, 20 April 1767. The collection of Alexander

Drummond (d.1769) (cf. MS Hunter H453). Accession no: 2502;

MS Hunter H 464 [Patrick]. Fragment entitled, ‘Among Dr. Russel’s medals’. The acquisition of the

coin is clearly referred to in Combe’s letter to Hunter, H.348.Collectred between 1739 and 1783.

Accession Number: 2502; MS Hunter H 465 A note on the introduction of Arabic money in a note

to William Hunter, now in the Hunterian Museum. Note on Bibliotheca Arabico-hispana

Escurialensis, ix. Cod:1766. Historia Monetie Arabicae written in the 15th

century by Almarcrizi,

On the introduction of Arabic money. Handwriting Patrick. [Previously cited as B.T.29.38;

Ill.VII.7] 1766. Notes: Cf. letter from Patrick to W. Hunter – Hunter-Baillie Papers, Royal College

of Surgeons, London, i, Letters to William Hunter from friends, GU 80 2502;

Hertfordshire Archives and Local Studies DE/R/B142—B390 Radcliffe family and business papers and letters are an invaluable source on many

Aleppo traders; DE/R/B54 On the Levett family of Levant Company factors; DE/R/B269 4 Jan

1753; Bill of lading; DE/R/B387/21Bill of lading

Keil: library of the Christian-Albrechts-Universitat zu Keil, Germany Patrick. Letter of 18 December 1778 Patricl to Carsten Niebuhr (Reproduced Hamilton, Boogert and

Westerweel (eds), Repubic for Letters, 250.

Lee Family of Hartwell D-LE Bundle 4 Yorkshire Deeds LE/4/43 Russell, Claud. Copy Marriage Settlement - D- 16 October 1777. (i) Claud, esquire of Fort

St.George, Coromandel Coast, East Indies.Forthcoming marriage between Claud and Leonora

Pigot. D3074/B/2/1-2; Pigott Family papers 28.8.1780, Declaration of Trust with bond Edward

Monckton/Claud on marriage of Claud and Leonora Pigott; D3074/B/2/12 1817 Sir Geo.

Pigott/Edward Monckton and Claud (Pigott trustees).

Leiden University Library BPL 245A Patrick to Jan Jacob Schultens, Aleppo, 27 February 1766 about acquiring Arabic

manuscripts from Aleppo with the help of an ‘Effendi’.

Quoted in Aleppo but not identified: ‘Inter Codices Arabicos M.S. Num. 912, sicut in Biblioth. Lugd.

Bat.’

London: British Library (BL), including India Office Collections 3 Drummond to (William) Russell Add. MS 54932 fol. 559 29 June 1749/50 (two bales of cloth), Add.

MS 54933 fol. 28 2 March 1749/50 (silk). Drummond to Alexander Add. MS 45932, fol 5v 29

September 1747; Add. MS 45932, fol. 123 27 February 1747/8; Add. MS 45932, fol. 132 8 March

1747/8; Add. MS 45932, fol. 144 17 March 1747/8; Add. MS 45932, fol. 153 27 March 1748; Add.

MS 45932, fol. 162 4 April 1748; Add. MS 45932, fol. 184 21 April 1748.

Add. 4939–4946 Russell, Claud, eight Persian manuscripts to the British Museum; MSS Eur E/276;

H/268 Three `Political Letter Books’ of Claud (1733–1820), EIC servant, Madras 1752–c.1782,

Member of Madras Council 1771–1777; also two folders of papers relating to the arrest in 1776 of

George, Lord Pigot (1719-77), Governor of Madras 1755–1763 and 1775–1776, and subsequent

legal proceedings. 5 folders 1776 –1778; I H/268 (1774–1777). The arrest of the Right Hon.

George Lord Pigot and the removal of his Lordship from the Government of Fort St. George by

Sundry Members of the Council; Minute on relative powers of the Commander-in-Chief and of the

Governor and Council of Madras; MSS Eur E276 1776–1778: letterbooks Russell, Claud, three

‘Political Letter Books’ (c.1752–1782), now in the British Library, relating to his work as an EIC

servant, Madras 1752–c.1782, Member of Madras Council 1771–1777; Mss Eur F331/23 George

Vansittart, EIC servant, Bengal: private trade letter books [no ref. or date] Feb-Nov

1771’Commercial letter book, No 2’: private business affairs, including letters to James Alexander,

Robert Alexander, General Sir Robert Barker, Lionel Darell, James Ellis, William Hollond,

William Harwood, Gabriel Harper, Thomas Motte, Claud, Archibald Staples, Capt John Stone b92;

OR/H/269 Papers concerning George Pigot (Lord Pigot) 1776–1777;

3 Aleppo observed, 95–96.

279

Russell, Patrick. Begins ‘To the Honorable Major General Sir A. Campbell, K.B., Governor, etc. in

Council Fort St George’, [A memoir, on the subject of serpents. With title page in MS.] MS.

corrections/ [by] Russell, Patrick, Madras, 1787; Add MSS 33977–33979 Catalogue of plants.

1782-91: Add. MSS 19346. fol. 58 Russell to Valentia (30 October 1803);

Patrick’s letters (15) to Banks Add. MSS 33977–33979 To Banks from Patrick EIC. W.R. Dawson,

The Banks letters (1958)’; Add, MS 33978. 161–162 16/12/1787; Add. MS 33877.205 6/7/1783;

Add. MS 33977.183–184 27/12/1782 ; Add. MS 33978.129–130; DTC 5 175–183 11/6/178; Add.

MS 33978.185 28/3/1788; Add. MS 33978.206–207 from [Vizagapalam] 10/10/1788; Add. MS

33978.21- 4/8/1785 ; Add. MS 33978.215 DTC 6.96-97 21/12/1788; Add. MS 33978.263 DTC 6

236-237 1/10/1789; Add. MS 33978.54 & 33977.1, Add. MS DTC 5.21-24 12/3/1786; Add. MS

33978.86-87 3/12/1786 Day; Add. MS 33979.112 4/11/1791; Add. MS 33979. 6/9/1787; MISC.

MS. COLLECTION 30/6/1794; MS EI1 To Banks from Patrick [?] 56 /9/1789; SL Banks MS To

Banks from Patrick 26/11/1788;

India Office Library collections, MSS Eur E. 54 Patrick’s catalogue of plants, 1788; India Office

Library collections, ms no 2699. Patrick’s catalogue of plants 215 no 2699 is listed as a manuscript

of Alf Laylah wa Laylah (listed in Victor Chauvin, Bibliographie des ouvrages arabes ou relatifs

aux Arabes, publiés dans l’Europe chrétienne de 1810 à 1885 (Liege: H. Vaillant-Carmanne,

1900), 205 (citing Zotenberg 211, 216) , 215).; India Office Library collections, Mss Eur K119–

120 See printed catalogue for full description; Letter from Patrick, Physician to English Factory at

Aleppo 1753–1771, Madras Medical Service and botanist in the Carnatic to the EIC 1785–1789,

concerning his proposal for a natural history survey; also ‘Catalogue of Plants collected chiefly in

the Circars’ copied by Russell from a catalogue by Dr John Gerhard König (1728–1785), botanist

and natural historian to the Company 1 volume 1778–1785. Mss Eur F 18/I, and Mss Eur E 54;

Carmichael, John, of the East India Company, ‘A journal from Aleppo, over the desart to Basserah,

October 21, 1771 [1751]’;

Add MS 45932, 431/213r Drummond to Dr Murdoch MacKenzie, 26 April 1749; Add. MS 33979.266

To Banks from Dr James Anderson; (21 May 1794);

MS 2699 Roxburgh, William, papers of ; MSS Eur D 562/20 (1812).A catalogue of Dr John Leyden’s

Oriental Library in Calcutta;

MSS Eur D562/21 (1817–1820).A catalogue of Dr John Leyden’s Oriental Library in Calcutta;

Stow MSS 753–4 Letters addressed to Charles Lyttelton, LLD, from ‘Thos Dawes, chaplain to the

English factory at Aleppo, with notices of an earthquake, plague, etc., in Syria, of the visit of

Carsten Niebuhr to Sinai, of inscribed rocks, and of (Feodor) Emin in Armenia, Georgia, etc.’

Portraits: Claud. Inscribed ‘Aged 79’. 91.5 x 71 cm. donated by Miss A.A. Russell 1958. Revised

Foster catalogue 797. ‘This painting was accepted by the Office as a portrait of Claud (1733–1820)

who served in S. India from 1752 to c.1783. In view of the inscription aged 79 this would date the

portrait to ? (Mildred Archer, The India Office Collection of Paintings an Sculpture (1986), 9;

William Foster, A Descriptive catalogue of the paintings, statues, etc., in the India Office, 5th

edition (London, 1924); cat. 1986, no. 2 as c.1730. ‘J. Russell of Braidshaw, Archer, India Office

Collection, 2: ‘A half-length portrait. The subject us seated against a brown background facing

right, holding a long clay pipe in his right hand, he is wearing a brownish-blue velvet cap, a dark

blue jacket, brown waistcoat and white cravat. (Christopher Wright, Catherine May Gordon and

Mary Peskett Smith, British and Irish paintings in public collections (Yale University Press, 2006),

155.)

London: British Museum 1925,0511.26.56. Department: Prints & Drawings, print in an album. After George Dance. Print made

by William Daniell made in 1794, the same month that he drew Haydn. c.1802–1814. Portrait of

Patrick, half-length, seated on a chair in profile to right, wearing a wig with curl and queue, double-

breasted coat with high collar, and frilled cravat; proof before letters; after Dance. Soft-ground

etching. Numbered ‘55’ in pen an ink at upper right corner, and inscribed below portrait: ‘Dr.

Patrick / March 23d. 1794’. Height: 269 mm Width: 197 mm. Curatorial Comment of

1925,0511.26.1 for information about the album. 1925. Location: 209*.b.6.

London: Linnean Society of London, Archives L2316, Letter from Linnaeus to Alexander (20 March 1758); L2362, Letters from Alexander to

Linnaeus (22 June 1757); L2370, (2 June 1758); L2376, (19 July 1758) (LS, XII, 390–4)

280

London: National Archives: Records of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury. PROB 11/944 Alexander, Doctor in Physic of Saint Stephen, Walbrook, City of London, will of (8

December 1768); PROB11/1430, fols 236v–8

v. Will of Patrick, Doctor of Physic of Saint

Marylebone, Middlesex, will of 23 August 1805.

London: National Archives. State Papers Foreign (Supplementary Papers) Privy Council1/44/A160 Committee on Quarantine

SP 105/118/200 SP 105/118/415/205r Drummond to the Duke of Argyll, 17 April 1749; SP 105/332–

3 Registers of orders from the General Court of the Levant Company; SP 105/343; SP 110, 92

Volumes from 1600 to 1871, contains the records of factors of the Levant Company based at

Aleppo and records of the Aleppo consulate, maintained by the Levant Company. Included are

registers of the insurance of cargoes; registers of wills and commercial disputes; a register of births,

marriages and deaths; and letter books of correspondence from factors based in Aleppo to their

principals in London and other Levant factors; Patrick recommended cold baths to be taken in cool

of the morning in a letter to a patient in Cyprus, 11 October 1760; fragment of a letter written by

Patrick, 26 May 1760; SP 110/20, fol. 2v. Levant Company at Aleppo, letter books of factors; SP

110/29, f. 242 Levant Company at Aleppo, letter books of factors; SP 110/47, folio 18 (31

December 1761) on the effects of the plague on business interests; SP 110/58, Levant Company at

Aleppo, letter books of factors; SP 110/59 Levant Company at Aleppo, letter books of factors; SP

110, Bundle 73 Levant Company, Aleppo, book of wills and inventories, ff. 66–73a (1747); SP

110, Bundle 74 fragment of a diary, 8 November 1753 probably by Eleazar Edwards, cited in

Ambrose, ‘English traders at Aleppo’, 267;

London: National Portait Gallery D14288. Alexander by Thomas Trotter, after Nathaniel Dance (later Sir Nathaniel Holland, Bt)

etching, circa 1750–1776 3/8 in. x 4 1/4 in. (162 mm x 109 mm. Bequeathed by Frederick Leverton

Harris MP, 1927 (an art collector); Evans, engraving (after Varlet), repro. in PTRS (1804);

Alexander T. Trotter, stipple (after N. Dance), cat. 1974, p.370 illus.

D12164 Patrick by William Daniell, after George Dance (1741–1825), 270 soft-ground etching mm x

199 mm. acquired Unknown source, 1864; D14286 Patrick by William Daniell, after George Dance

soft-ground etching, 273 mm x 202 mm. Bequeathed by Frederick Leverton Harris, 1927; W.

Daniell, soft-ground etching, pubd 1811 (after G. Dance); W. Ridley, stipple (after L. Vaslet),

repro. in European Magazine (1811);

London: Natural History Museum Alexander’s Aleppo plants and drawings listed (BM0000 numbers: 13924, 15648, 60453, 60619,

60668, 64548, 86447, 522114b, 522117, 522213, 522214, 522265, 522266, 552460, 552461,

564356, 564361, 572317, 572747, 572750, 573621, 582602, 582885, 617193, 617215, 617352,

629983, 758490, 795523, 795569, 795576, 797011, 797012, 838338, 848535, 885119, 885127,

885214, 885229, 885292, 885391, 901091, 901104, 901144, 914508, 944559, 944702, 944715,

945651, 945652, 945677, 946016, 946016, 946199, 946271, 946329, 946376, 946385, 946390,

946532, 946655, 946730, 946732, 946824, 946826, 950409, 959392, 996344, 997206, 997210,

997217, 997254, 997316, 997832, 1010427, 1014565, 1014566).

Dawson Turner copies (DTC) of Banks correspondence including Patrick to Banks v fl. 21–24, 81–3

12 March 1786; iv fl. 148–51 9 July 1785; vi, fl. 96–97 21 December 1788; vi, fl. 91–93 Banks to

EIC 25 November 1788 vi, fl. 9;

Zoology. 96A o TR; 96A o Tr (drawings) Reptiles: an important collection of watercolour drawings

of reptiles, some being original Company School drawings for Patrick’s book on Indian snakes, etc.

[sold at] Sotheby’s ... Catalogue of printed books, Tuesday, 22 November 1977 ... Lot 325. Art

originals: water-colour. Accompanied by Memo regarding the sale by P.J.P. Whitehead and A.F.

Stimson, Zoology Dept. NHM, Drawings very likely executed by local indigenous artists4; Russell,

Patrick, 47 numbered 1–60 Watercolour drawings of Indian plants, 47 with a note stating that the

drawings were very likely executed by local indigenous artists

4 Samuel Sotheby, A list of the original catalogues of the principal libraries which have been sold by

auction (London: Compton & Ritchie, 1828); Sotheby’s, Catalogue of printed books relating to

natural history and science (London: Sotheby Parke Bernet, 1977).

281

(Botany); Russell, Patrick, Archives. Aleppo plants and drawings; Russell, Patrick, Indian plants;

Department of Botany. DF BOT/440/16 General Herbarium Correspondence and Papers 1755–

1976. Botanist. Enid M. Slatter, ‘Dr Richard Mead’s commission and Ehret drawings at the

Wellcome Institute’, typescript (1985); DF BOT/440/16 Patrick, 47 numbered 1–60’. Watercolour

drawings of Indian plants, 47 very likely executed by local indigenous artists (Botany);

Claud, Esq. Indian Serpents donated 1804; William Roxburgh. Papers of

London: Royal College of Physicians Portait X214 Alexander n.d. Oils on canvas, 30 by 25¾ inches. Artist unknown. To the waist, seated

to the left, looking at the spectator; wearing a powdered wig, dark coat, and elaborate white stock;

grey eyes; plain brown background. The identification, doubtless traditional in the family, is very

doubtful. The features of the sitter do not agree with those in the engraving of Alexander by Trotter

after N. Dance (published in Lettsom’s Memoirs of Fothergill, 1786), while the apparent age of the

sitter and the style of costume indicate that the sitter here is a man perhaps in the neighbourhood of

thirty years old and certainly not before c.1790. He may well be a member of a somewhat later

generation of the Russell family. Presented in 1958 by the Misses Russell of Canterbury;

Portait/X022T. Patrick 1794. Pencil on paper, 93/5 by 7½ inches. Bought in 1940; from the collection

of Miss M. Dance. The location of the original drawing is unknown; it was sold with the collection

of his grandson, Rev. G. Dance, Christies, 1 July 1898. A portrait by Vaslet of Russell, in oriental

dress with a turban, is known by the engraving by Ridley, 1832. By (?) George Dance, Half length,

seated in profile to left. Inscribed in pencil at the bottom: Patrick M.D. A copy, either by Dance

himself or by William Daniell, made for the purposes of the soft-ground etching by the latter

(inscribed Geo. Dance delt. March 23 1794) published in 1811 and included in Dance’s Collections

of Portraits, 1814, ii.

London: Royal College of Surgeons of England GB 0114 RCSHC/567 Hunterian Museum, Royal College of Surgeons, London. portion of the reticulum or

water bag from John Hunter’s dissection (in a circular glass jar, was presented by the Trustees of

the Hunterian Collection in 1799 (Hunterian MS. Catalogue, No. 414) and now in the John

Hunter’s collection.

MS0014 John Arbuthnot Letterbook of John Arbuthnot (1667–1735); Hunter-Baillie Collection;

RCSSC/P 2639 Russell, Alexander, c 1715–1768, explorer. Portrait of Alexander, bust to left in oval,

line engraving by Thomas Trotter, after Nathaniel Dance Holland. Trotter, Thomas, c.1750–1803,

engraver. Holland, Nathaniel Dance-, 1735–1811, painter, Line engraving, 5.5 by 3.75 inches;

RCSSC/P 2640 Portrait of Alexander, c 1715–1768, explorer, bust to left in oval, stipple engraving

by Thomas Trotter, after Nathaniel Dance Holland. Trotter, Thomas, c.1750–1803, engraver.

Holland, Nathaniel Dance, painter. Stipple engraving, 3 by 2.5 inches;

RCSSC/P 2643. Portrait of Patrick, bust to right in oval, stipple engraving by William Ridley, after

Lewis Vaslet. Two copies. Ridley, William, d. 1838, engraver Vaslet, Lewis, 1742–1808, artist. 3.5

by 3 inches; RCSSC/P 2644 Portrait of Patrick, bust to right in oval, stipple engraving by William

Evans, after Lewis Vaslet. Proof before letters. Evans, William, fl.1800s, engraver, Vaslet, Lewis,

1742–1808, artist. Stipple engraving, 6.75 by 5.75 inches; RCSSC/P 2645 Portrait of Patrick, half

length to right, soft ground etching by William Daniell, after George Dance. Two copies. Daniell,

William, 1769–1837, engraver. Dance, George, Architect. Soft ground etching.

London: The Royal Society GB 117 EC/1770/08 Previous Numbers: Cert III, 91; A05681, ‘William Pitcairn MD of Warwick Court,

Warwick Lane’.

London: St Thomas’s Hospital, Court of Governors LMTHLT551010301 List of Governor takers-in of patients 24 June 1756. Minutes:

LMTHMG553020083 11 July 1744; LMTHMG553020221; LMTHMG553020233;

LMTHMG553020337 14 December 1768

London: Wellcome Library for the History and Understanding of Medicine Cuming, William, papers of ; MS list of flowers painted for Dr R. Mead MS 7544/10 Alexander letter

written at Aleppo to Cuming in Dorchester, mentioning observations on the Plague sent to

Fothergill and plans to send botanical specimens, 1746.

Botany Library 1788 E ‘Catalogue of plants collected chiefly in the Circars, specimens of the greater

part of which are contained in this cabinet’; Add. 50134 Sir Joseph Banks (1743–1820), naturalist.

http://www.nhm.ac.uk/DServe/dserve.exe?dsqServer=placid&dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqDb=Catalog&dsqCmd=NaviTree.tcl&dsqField=RefNo&dsqItem=DF%20BOT/440/16#HERE

http://www.nhm.ac.uk/DServe/dserve.exe?dsqServer=placid&dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqDb=Catalog&dsqCmd=NaviTree.tcl&dsqField=RefNo&dsqItem=DF%20BOT/440/16#HERE

282

Corresp and papers incl letters from Patrick, 1765–1821;; Patrick, physician and botanist; no.

566821i Graphic Watercolors. Snakes of the Coromandel Coast, India. Watercolours, c.1795. 44

paintings: watercolours + album (44 leaves 46.6 x 33.2 cm.) This album comprises 44

watercolours, executed for An account of Indian serpents collected on the coast of Coromandel,

published in four volumes between 1796 and 1809 (see record 266901i) by G. Nicol, London. The

engraved plates in these printed volumes correspond with the figures in the album of watercolours.

A later inscription on the first page of the album attributes the watercolours to ‘an Hindoo’ artist,

and many of the images include the vernacular name of each snake given in Teluga language of

south-east India. Therefore these drawings, though well known, are infrequently referenced.

Portrait. Alexander T. Trotter, line engraving (after N. Dance).

Manchester: John Rylands Library, University of Manchester MS Ar. 259, MS Ar. 264–265 See Mingana, Catalogue; MS Ar. 646 [706]/MS Ar. 647; Russell,

Patrick, Arabian Nights, Patrick’s mss copy. MS|r. 647, actually MS Ar. 646, which is listed as

‘probably late sixteenth century’ in Mingana, Catalogue, 886. (John Rylands Library, ‘Note on

Arabic MS 646’, Bulletin of the John Rylands University Library of Manchester 82/2–3 (2000),

119.); MS Ar. 649, 650, 651, 652 Miscellaneous stories; Aesop’s fables; MS Ar. 653;Persian tales

including ‘the camel and the ass’; MS Ar. 705; possibly? Patrick’s collection over 1,800 proverbs is

in Manchester.

Oxford: All Souls College MS 287 Chronicle (al-MukhtaΒar fī akhbār), transcription of the Arabic text of Abū al-Fidā’s (ΚIma d

al-Di n Abū al-Fida IsmāΜil ibn ΚAlī, Prince of H ama h), Taqwīm al-Buldān

Oxford: Bodleian Library MSS. Bodl. Orient 550–6. Wortley Montagu MSS, Alf laylah wa-laylah (Nicoll p. 522: ‘the Wortley

Montagu Cod.’ Shelfmarks: MSS. Beckford c. 51-4; MS. Bodl. Or. 295 and MS. Bodl. Or. 422,

423,

MS. Marsh 153, MS Marsh 419 Ibn Abī Us aybiΚah, AΉmad ibn al-Qāsim (d.1269 or 1270), ΚUyūn al-

anbāΜ fī ṭabaqāt al-aṭibbāΜ; MS Marsh 309 al-MajmūΚ al-mubārak;

MS Hunt one of al-Mukhtasar fiakhbiir al-bashar; MS Huntington 7 Huntington MSS (Holt, ‘Study

of Arabic historians’, 451); MS Hunt 16 Jean Gagnier’s collection, including Al Makin ibn al-

ΚAmid (1205/6–1259/60), and found in an unpublished transcript and translation of that Author’s

History, by Jean Gagnier (d.1740) about Abulfeda at Oxford. After Hunt died in 1774 a package

containing Gagnier’s collections was sent to the Bodleian; MS Huntington 156 Ben Abbas al-

Zahrawi, ‘Codex bombycinusj AH 870, AD 1465, exaratusj ioliis conftans 172. Eo comprchenditur

Operis, Aliafrif^ difti, quo nimirum univerfalis traditur omnibus corporis humani morbis medcndi

metliodus, Pars undccima j hsc autem de Chirurgia pra^cipit, additis in ftru mentor um iconibus.

Compofuit abulcasem khalaf.’. (UAM 561); MS Hunt 171 Ibn Abī Us aybiΚah, AΉmad ibn al-Qāsim

(d.1269 or 1270), ΚUyūn al-anbāΜ fī ṭabaqāt al-aṭibbāΜ An Arabic manuscript of the bio-

bibliography of physicians;

MS Laud Or. 1613 Laud MSS . al-MajmūΚ al-mubārak;

MS Mill 109 A ms of Alf Layla wa Layla was originally collected by the French military adventurer,

Colonel Claud(e) Martin (1838–1800), at Lucknow; it was then acquired by Sir William Jones on 2

February 1793; acquired by S.H. Lewin in 1831 who gave it to W.H. Mill, DD, in 1838;

MS Pococke 71 Ḥayāt al-Ήayawān (Aleppo2, ii, 416); MS Pock 392 Pococke, Meidanii proverbial;

MS Pock 356 Ibn Abī Us aybiΚah, AΉmad ibn al-Qāsim (d.1269 or 1270), ΚUyūn al-anbāΜ fī ṭabaqāt

al-aṭibbāΜ; MS Pococke Three Pococke MSS of al-Mukhtasar fi akhbir al-bashar; 1 Pococke MS

(Holt, ‘The Study of Modern historians’, 451);

Oxford: Christ Church No 207 Alf Layla wa Layla ms listed in Victor Chauvin, Bibliographie des ouvrages arabes ou relatifs

aux Arabes, publiés dans l’Europe chrétienne de 1810 à 1885 (Liege: H. Vaillant-Carmanne,

1900), 215).

Paris: Bibliothèque nationale MSS BN Fr n.a. 4023 Charles Fonton, ‘Essai sur la musique orientale compare à la musique

européene’ (1751; Facsimile edition: Stuttgart: Friedrich Frommann Verlag, 1966); repr.in Turkish

Music Quarterly, 1.2 (1988) and 2.1 (1989); MS Fonds Arabe 2112; MS Fonds arabe no 3637; MS

1506–1508 ancien fonds Alf Layla wa Layla ms of Antoine Galland listed in Victor Chauvin,

http://www.fihrist.org.uk/profile/manuscript/615f8627-5aac-4344-bd41-e83df68c99a5

http://www.fihrist.org.uk/profile/manuscript/72d442c1-2485-4042-8e1b-7c807252bc47

283

Bibliographie des ouvrages arabes ou relatifs aux Arabes, publiés dans l’Europe chrétienne de

1810 à 1885 (Liege: H. Vaillant-Carmanne, 1900), 214–5) ; MS 1715 I and II Alf Layla wa Layla

ms supplement listed in Victor Chauvin, Bibliographie des ouvrages arabes ou relatifs aux Arabes,

publiés dans l’Europe chrétienne de 1810 à 1885 (Liege: H. Vaillant-Carmanne, 1900), 214–5).

Paris: National Archives, Archives du Ministère des Affaires étrangères B

1–88, 89 and 90. 91

Pittsburgh Pennsylvania: Carnegie Mellon University, Hunt Botanical Library, Alexander portrait,

Vatican: Bibliotheca Apostolica Vaticana MS no 782 arabi Alf Layla wa Layla ms. Listed as ‘B’ in Mahdi; listed in Victor Chauvin,

Bibliographie des ouvrages arabes ou relatifs aux Arabes, publiés dans l’Europe chrétienne de

1810 à 1885 (Liege: H. Vaillant-Carmanne, 1900), 214–5).

284

Bibliography

1. Publications and other works by members of the Russell family There was an extant full catalogue of Patrick’s extensive library published by the

auctioneers, Squibb, in 1806 (see below), a copy of which is held by the Natural History

Museum, London. Relevant items are marked as ‘Squibb’ with page and item number.

Russell, Alexander, MD, CRMES, of Elgin, Tentamen medicum de medicastrorum audacitate

(Edinburgh: P.R. Freebairn, 1709).

———, An essay of medicin, detecting the unaccountable arrogancy of quacks, and the deadly

credulity of their patients (Edinburgh: James Watson, 1712).

———, Disquisitio medica, theoretico-practica, de morbi causa: Editio altera .... Cui subnectitur,

Epistola apologetica, de arthritide & nephritide (Edinburgh: Thomas Ruddimann, 1719).

———,Dissertatio medica, de intemperie crassa, speciatim de scorbuto (Aberdeen: Chalmers, D.

Angus & A. Thomson, 1743).

Russell, MD, FRS, Alexander, History of Anatomy, wrote from the Lectures of Dr Alexander Monro,

a MS (Edinburgh, 1734). (unpublished) (Squibb 45: 721).

———, ‘Account of two paralytic cases’, Medical observations and inquiries by a Society of

Physicians of London5 1 (1755), 296.

———, ‘A letter from Dr Alexander Russel to Dr John Fothergill, in White-Hart Court, Grace-

Church-Street, describing the scammony plant’, Medical observations and inquiries 1 (1755

[1757]), 13–25.

———, ‘An account of four undescribed fishes of Aleppo; in a letter to Mr. Peter Collinson, FRS by

Alexander Russel, MD’, Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society6 49/2 (1756), 445–9.

———, The natural history of Aleppo, and parts adjacent containing a description of the city and the

natural productions in its neighbourhood together with an account of the climate, Inhabitants, and

disease, (London: Andrew Millar, 1856 [1756]; repr. Charleston, S.C.: Nabu Press, 2010).

———, Of the Mal D’Aleppo (Cornell University Press, 1756), 228pp. not seen but probably Aleppo

(1756).

———, ‘A description of Aleppo and the adjacent country’, by A. Russel.’, in Compendium of the

most approved modern travels: containing a distinct account of the religion, government,

commerce, manners, and natural history, of several nations, illustrated and adorned with many

useful and elegant copper-plates, 4 vols (London: John Scott, 1757), ii.

———, ‘Description d’Alep & des pays voisins / par le Docteur Russel’, in es voyageurs modernes,

ou, abrégé de plusieurs voyages faits en Europe, Asie Afrique, traduit de l’Anglois, 4 vols (Paris:

Nyon, Guillyn & Hardy, 1760).

———, ‘A description of Aleppo and the adjacent country, by A. Russel’, in Christopher Smart,

Oliver Goldsmith and Samuel Johnson (comp.), A curious collection of travels, selected from the

writers of all nations .... Illustrated and embellished with variety of copper-plate cuts by the best

hands, 10 vols (London: J. Newbery, 1761).

———, ‘Of a remarkable marine production’, Philosophical transactions 11 (1762), 635.

———. Naauwkeurige en natuurlyke beschryving van de stad Aleppo en van derzelver ommelanden

... Uyt het Engels vertaald door Mr Laurentius Theodorus Gronovius., the Younger (Leiden;

privately printed, 1762). (Squibb 42: 663).

———. ‘Cases of Lúes Venera cured by a solution of corrosive sublimate’, Medical observations and

inquiries 2 (1766), 88.

———. ‘Of several hydatids discharged with the urine’, Medical observations and inquiries 3 (1769),

146–51.

———. ‘An account of some experiments made with the decoction of mezereon in cases of venereal

nodes’, Medical observations and inquiries 3 (1769), 189–228.

5 Medical observations and inquiries by a Society of Physicians of London, hereinafter Medical

observations and inquiries. 6 Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society, hereinafter Philosophical transactions.

285

———. ‘Case of almost universal emphysema, in a letter from Dr Alexander Russell to Dr William

Hunter’, Medical observations and inquiries 3 (1769), 397–9.

———. ‘A description of Aleppo and the adjacent country, by A. Russel’, in Samuel Johnson, Oliver

Goldsmith and Christopher Smart (eds), The world displayed: or, a curious collection of voyages

and travels, selected from the writers of all nations, in which the conjectures and interpolations of

several vain editors and translators are expunged; every relation is made concise and plain, and

the divisions of countries and kingdoms are clearly and distinctly notes. Embellished with cuts, 4

volumes (Dublin: James Williams, 1779, 6th edn, corrected), xiii, 63–103. Other editions, with

different paginations and volume numbers, were issued between 1757 and in 1815

———, ‘Of several hydatids discharged with the urine’ Medical observations and inquiries 3 (1767),

146.

———. The natural history of Aleppo, containing a description of the city, and the principal

natural productions in its neighbourhood together with an account of the climate, inhabitants, and

diseases; particularly of the plague. Second edition, revised, enlarged and illustrated with notes by

[his half-brother] P[atrick] Russell, 2 vols (London: G.G. and J. Robinson, 1794; repr.

Farnborough, Hants: Gregg International Publishers, 1969). Bibliographic reference: Rohricht,

1460; Nissen 3534. (3 copies, one bound in Russian leather, Squibb 46: 725–7; 3 uncut versions

listed in Squibb 45: 722, 423, 724).

———, Of the plants in the environs of Aleppo: and of some collected in the mountains, on the road to

Scanderoon and Latachia ([s.n.], 1794), 237–71. Held by the Royal Botanical Gardens, Edinburgh:

probably excerpts from Aleppo (1794), ii.

———, ‘Manners of the Turks in Aleppo’, The Scot’s Magazine 56 (1794), 601–3.

———, al-Ifranj fī Дalab fī al-qarn al-thāmin Κashar, transl. WadīΚ ΚAbd Allāh QasΓūn (Aleppo:

MaΓbaΚat al-Џād, [1968]). [[ [.تعريب و شرح وديع عبد اهلل قسطون / في القرن الثامن عشر . ]الفرنج في حلب,

possibly translated in 1882.

———. On palsy, Philosphical Transactions, see Hingston Fox, Dr John Fothergill and his friends:

chapters in eighteenth-century life (London: Macmillan, 1919), 120.

Russell, Alexander and Bate, James, ‘An account of the remarkable alteration of colour in a negro

woman: in a letter to the Reverend Mr Alexander Williamson of Maryland, from Mr James Bate,

Surgeon in that province. Communicated by Alexander Russel, MD FRS’, Philosophical

transactions 51 (1759) 175–8.

Russell, Alexander and Dr Nasmyth, ‘An account of a remarkable marine production: in a letter to the

Reverend Thomas Birch, DD Secretary to the Royal Society, from Alexander Russell, MD

Physician to St. Thomas’s Hospital, and FRS’, Philosophical transactions 52 (1761), 554–7.

Russell, Alexander and Patrick Russell, ‘Arabia’, Philosophical transactions 58 (1768), 14.

-———, ‘An account of inoculation in Arabia, in a letter from Dr Patrick Russell, Physician, at

Aleppo, to Alexander Russell, MD FRS. Preceded by a letter from Dr Al. Russell, to the Earl of

Morton’, Philosophical transactions 58 (1768), 140–50; 12 (1768), 529.

Russell, Alexander, Patrick Russell and Johann Friedrich Gmelin, Von der Regierung zu Aleppo

(Go ttingen: J.G. Rosenbusch, 1797).

———. Beschreibung der Thiere und ewa chse in der Gegend von Aleppo, nebst

Witterungsbeobachtungen, welche durch eine lange Reihe von ahren fortgefu hrt sind (Go ttingen:

J.G. Rosenbusch, 1798).

———. Naturgeschichte von Aleppo: enthaltend eine Beschreibung der Stadt, und der vornehmsten

Naturerzeugnisse in ihrer Nachbarschaft; zugleich mit einer Nachricht von dem Himmelsstriche,

den Einwohnern, und ihren Krankheiten, insbesondere der Pest, transl. Johann Friedrich Gmelin;

sicneitif editor: Patrick Russell, 2 vols (Go ttingen: J.G. Rosenbusch, 1797–1798).

Russell, Balfour, MD, Dissertatio medica inauguralis De cupro ... ex auctoritae reverendi ... D.

Joannis Gowdie... pro gradu doctoratus ... eruditorum examini subjicit (Edinburgh: apud Hamilton,

John Balfour and A. Neill, 1759).

Russell, John, WS, Answers for John Russell writer in Edinburgh: factor for the creditors of the

deceast James Buchanan wright in Edinburgh, to the petition of Patrick Anderson [Edinburgh?, [13

January] 1744].

Russell, John, CS of Roseburn, The Form of process in the Court of Session, and the Court of Teinds:

to which is prefixed, a general account of the College of Justice (Edinburgh: Sands, Murray, and

Cochran, for A. Kincaid and J. Bell. Sold by W. Miller, and other booksellers in Edinburgh;

London: T. Cadell, 1768).

286

———. The theory of conveyancing (Edinburgh: Charles Elliot, and C. Elliot and J. Kay, 1788).

(Squibb 42: 668).

Russell, John, Junior, CS, Unto the Right Honourable, the Lords of Council and Session, the petition

of John Russell, clerk to the Signet ([Edinburgh: s.n., 1774]). Dated at head of caption title: 22

February 1774.

Russell, Patrick, ‘An account of the late earthquakes in Syria: in a letter from Dr Patrick Russell, to

his brother, Alexander Russell, MD, FRS’, Philosophical transactions 51 (1759–1760), 529–34.

———, Begin. To the Honorable Major General Sir A. Campbell, K.B., Governor, etc. in Council. [A

memoir, on the subject of serpents. With titlepage in MS.] MS. corrections. [Madras, 1787]

———, ‘An account of the tabasheer. In a letter from Patrick Russell, MD FRS to Sir Joseph Banks,

Bart.’, Philosophical transactions 80 (1790), 273–83; 16 (1790), 653. Reprinted in Andrew

Duncan (comp.), Medical commentaries (1792), 103–13.

———, A Treatise of the plague: containing an historical journal, and medical account, of the

plague, at Aleppo, in the years 1760, 1761 and 1762. Also, remarks on quarantines, lazarettos, and

the administration of police in times of pestilence. To which is added, an appendix, containing

cases of the plague; and an account of the weather, during the pestilential season (London: G.G.J.

and J. Robinson, 1791).® (3 listed in Squibb, one with manuscript notes and the other unbound,

Squibb 46: 728–30). http://gale.cengage.co.uk/product-highlights/history/eighteenth-century-

collections-online.aspx (10 October 2011).

———, Abhandlung über die Pest: nebst einem Anhange welcher Krankengeschichten und

meteorlogische Beobachtungen während der Pestzeit enthält, 2 vols (Leipzig: Fritsch, 1792–1793).

———, [?]. Letter to the editor, The Gentleman’s Magazine 64 (1794), 783.

———, ‘Account of the Harem or Apartments for the Ladies’ and an ‘Account of the Turkish

Ladies’, The Annual Register of world events 37 (1795), 10–14. Extracted from Aleppo2.

———, ‘Manners of the Turks in Aleppo’, The Scot’s Magazine 56 (1794), 601–03.

———, Preface to William Roxburgh’s Plants of the coast of Coromandel, selected from drawings

and descriptions, plants of the coast of Coromandel ... published ... under the direction of Sir

Joseph Banks. 5 vols (London: [s.n], 1795–1798; [to 1819]).

———, An account of Indian serpents, collected on the coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions

and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons,

presented to the Hon. The Court of Directors of the East India Company, and published by their

order, under the superintendence of the author (London: W. Bulmer for George Nicol, 1796).

Preliminary unnumbered plate is an engraved frontispiece portrait of the author.

———, to Mr Urban, 22 February 1799, ‘On the authenticity of the Arabian Nights Tales’, The

Gentleman’s Magazine 69 (19 February 1799), 91–92. reprinted in John Walker, A selection of

curious articles from The entleman’s Magazine (London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and

Brown, 1811), ii, pt 113, 382–5.

———, ‘An account of two cases shewing the existence of the small pox and the measles in the same

person at the same time and an account of a case of ague in a child in utero’, Medical and

chirurgical transactions 2 (1800), 90.

———, An account of Indian snakes collected on the coast of Coromandel. 2 vols (London: London:

The East India Company by W. Bulmer for G. and W. Nicol, 1803).

———, Descriptions and figures of two hundred fishes: collected at Vizagapatam on the coast of

Coromandel, by Patrick Russell, MD FRS presented to the Hon. the Court of Directors of the East

India Company, and published by their order, 2 vols (London: W.Bulmer for G. and W. Nicol,

1803). (1 uncut, 1 boards in Squibb 47: 760, 761).

———, An account of Indian serpents, collected on the coast of Coromandel; containing descriptions

and drawings of each species; together with experiments and remarks on their several poisons

presented to the Hon. Court of Directors of the East India Company, and published by their order,

under the superintendence of the author, 2 parts (London: W. Bulmer and Co. Shakspeare Press,

Cleveland-Row, for G. and W. Nicol, booksellers to His Majesty, Pall-Mall., 1805).

———, A continuation of an account of Indian Serpents containing descriptions and figures from

specimens and drawings, transmitted from various parts of India to the East India Company.

Presented to the Hon. the Court of Directors of the East India Company, and published by their

order, under the superintendence of the author: [with a memoir of the life and writings of P.

Russell – Appendix] (London: the East India Company by W. Bulmer for G. and W. Nicol, 1801).

Date on t.p. is 1801, but vol. includes material dated 1809. The appendix contains notes by Sir

287

Everard Home. Memoir of the life and writings of Patrick Russell, dated Nov. 1809 with statement:

‘The fourth fasciculus, which completes the second volume ... is now presented to the public.’

Russell, Patrick and Everard Home, ‘Remarks on the voluntary expansion of the skin of the neck, in

the cobra de capello or Hooded Snake of the East Indies. By Patrick Russell, MD. FRS. With a

Description of the structure of the parts which perform that office. By Everard Home, Esq. FRS.’

Philosophical transactions 94 (1804), 346–52.

———. ‘Observations on the orifices found in certain poisonous snakes, situated between the nostril

and the eye / by Patrick Russell MD FRS; with some remarks on the structure of those orifices, and

the description of a bag connected with the eye, met with in the same snakes, by Everard Home.

FRS Esq.’, Philosophical transactions 94 (1804), 70–76.

Russell, Patrick and James Louis Macie, Two Extracts: 1) An account of the tabasheer. In a letter

from Patrick Russel, MD. FRS. To Sir Joseph Banks, Bart. PRS. 2) an Account of Some Chemical

Experiments on Tabasheer (London: Royal Society, 1790–1791).

Russell Patrick and Roxburgh, William, ‘Chermes Lacca. By William Roxburgh, MD of Samulcotta.

Communicated by Patrick Russell, MD’, Philosophical transactions 81 (1791), 228–35.

288

2. Pre-1805 publications including those cited in Aleppo 1. References in Aleppo have been substantially identified for the first time and are marked

as ® Whenever possible the actual editions used in Aleppo have been identified.

2. Both versions of Aleppo contain the old-fashioned letter ‘long s’ that looks almost like a

letter ‘f’ which are intermixed with ‘s’ and the real letter ‘f’ so any attempt to search early

on-line versions of the text was almost impossible. The ‘long s’ was used when a word began

with ‘s’ or where there was an s in the middle of the word, but not where the word ends in

‘s’. However, Harvard University has designed an on-line searchable version of Aleppo2,

available through university links at http://pds.lib.harvard.edu/pds/view/7437160, which

accessible from 12 November 2009.

3. Standardised abbreviations for natural history bibliographical authorities used in Aleppo

appear below, after the relevant title and other details.

Abī Дajalah, AΉmad ibn YaΉyā Ibn, Kitāb al-Sukkardān wa-ΚajāΜib al-buldān (1325–1374/ 5).

Abū al-ΚAbbas AΉmad Ibn MuΉammad Ibn Kathir al-Farghānī, fl. 861. Kita b fī-al-h arakah al-

samāwiyah wa-jawamiΚ Κilm al-nujūm bi-tafasīr al-shaykh al-fādil = Muhammedis fil. Ketiri

Ferganensis, qui vulgo Alfraganus dicitur, Elementa astronomica Arabic atin um notis ad

res exoticas sive orientales, quae in iis occurrunt. Opera Jacobi Golii (Amsterdam: Johannem

Jansonium à Waasberge, viduam Eli ei Weyerstraet, 1669). ‘Iacobi Golii in Alferganum

notae’.® (Squibb 35: 545).

Abū ΚAlī ibn Нuhr, Abohaly Abenzoar. de Regimine Sanitatis liber (Basilae Rauracorum: ex

Calcographia Ioannis Schroeteri, 1618).®

Abū al-Faraj ΚAli ibn al-Husayn ibn MuΉammad al-Iṣbahānī (aka al-IΒfahānī), ‘Great collection of

airs’, [AH] 315 (A|D 927), in Casiri, Biblioth Arabico-hispan Escurialens (Madrid: Antonius Perez

de Soto, 1760–1770), i, MS 912.®

Abū al-FidāΜ Isma Κīl ibn ΚAlī ΚIma d al-Di n, prince of Дamāh, Chorasmiae et Mawaralnahrae: hoc est

regionum extra fluvium Oxum descriptio / ex tabulis Abulfedae Ismaelis, Principis Hamah, transl.

John Greaves [Taqwīm al-buldān. Latin & Arabic] (London: [s.n.], 1650).® (Squibb 21: 314).

———, De Vita, et rebus gestis Mohammedis, moslemicae religionis auctoris, et imperii saracenici

fundatoris. Textum arabicum primus edidit, latin vertit, praefatione, et notis illustravit Joannes

Gagnier, A.M. Arabic and Latin, fol. (Oxford: e theatro Sheldoniano, 1723).® (Squibb 12: 164).

———, Descriptio peninsulae Arabum, transl. and ed. John Gagnier (Oxford, [s.n.], 1740). Parallel

Arabic and Latin texts, edited with a Latin translation and notes by J. Gagnier. Later transl. into

English, see d’Arvieux, Travels.

———, Abulfedae Annales Moslemici. Latinos ex Arabicis fecit Io. Iacobus Reiske, 5 vols (Leipzig,

1754; Copenhagen, 1789–1791). [Abulfeda Muslim Annals with a Preface by Reiske.] “Excerpta

ex Abulfeda” and the “Excerpta ex Ispahanensi” Arabic text and Latin translation.®

———, Abulfedae Tabula Syriae cum excerpto geographico ex Ibn ol Wardii Geographia et historia

naturali. Arabice nunc primum edidit, Latine vertit, notis explanavit Io. Bernhardus Koehler.

Accessere Io. Iacobi Reiskii. Animadversiones ad Abulfedam et Prodidagmata ad historiam et

geographiam orientalem (Leipzig: litteris Schoenermarkii, 1766).® (Squibb 9: 106).

———, Abulfeda descriptio Aegypti, arabice et latine. Ex codice parisiensi edidit, latine vertit, notas

adiecit, ed. Joannes David Michaelis (Goettingae: apud Joann. Christian. Dieterich, 1776).®

Académie des Sciences (Paris), Connoissance des temps pour l’année publiée par l’ordre de

l’Académie Roi ale des Sciences, par M Méchain (Paris, 1792).®

Aeschylus, Aeschyli Tragoediae quae extant septem. Cum lectionibus variantibus (Glasgow: Robertus

Foulis, 1746).® (Squibb 3: 2).

Aiton, William, Hortus kewensis: or, A catalogue of the plants cultivated in the Royal Botanic Garden

Kew (London: G. Nicol, [1789]) (‘Ait. hort. kew’).®

Akenside, Mark, The pleasures of imagination (London: R. Dodsley, 1744).

Alfraganus, MuΉammad, MuΉammedis fil Ketiri erganensis, qui vulgo Alfraganus dicitur, Elementa

astronomica Arabic atin um notis transl. Jacobus Golius [Chronologica et astronomica

elementa] (Amsterdam: apud Johannem Jansonium à Waasberge, viduam Elizei Weyerstraet,

1669).®

289

ΚAlī ibn Abi Bakr, Burhān al-Dīn, al-Marghīnānī, The hedàya, or guide a commentary on the

Mussulman laws: transl. by order of the Governor-General and Council of Bengal, by Charles

Hamilton (London: T. Bensley, 1791).®

Alison, Archibald, Essays on the nature and principle of taste (London: J.J.G. and G. Robinson; and

Edinburgh: Bell and Bradfute, 1790).

Alpini, Prospero, De medicina Aegyptiorum, libri quatuor: In quibus multa cum de vario mittendi

sanguinis usu per venas, arterias, cucurbitulas ac scarificationes nostris inusitatas, deque

inustionibus, & aliis chyrurgicis operationibus, tum de quamplurimis medicamentis apud Aegyptios

frequentioribus, elucescunt: Quae cum priscis medicis doctissimis, olim notissima, ac

pervulgatissima essent, nunc ingenti artis medicae iactura à nostris desiderantur (Venice: apud

Franciscum de Franciscis Senensem, 1591).®

———, De plantis Aegypti liber: In qvo non pavci, qvi circa herbarum materiam irrepserunt,

errores, deprehenduntur, quorum causa hactenus multa medicamenta ad vsum medicine admodum

expetenda, plerisque medicorum, non sine artis iactura, occulta, atque obsoleta iacuerunt. Accessit

etiam liber de balsamo aliàs editus (Venice: apud Firanciscum de Franciscis Senensem, 1592).®

(Squibb 9: 114).

———, Historiae Aegypti naturalis pars prima. Qua continentur rerum Aegyptiarum libri quatuor.

Opus postumum nunc primum. editum; atque tabellis aeneis XXV. illustratum et uberrimo indice

auctum naturalis (Leiden: apud Gerardum Potvliet, 1735).®

———, Rerum Aegyptiarum libri quatuor: Opus postumum nunc primum ex auctoris autographo,

diligentissime recognito, editum.(Leiden: apud Gerardum Potvliet, 1735).®

Anderson, Adam, Historical and chronological deduction of the origin of commerce: from the earliest

accounts to the present time. Containing, an history of the great commercial interests of the British

Empire. (London: A. Millar, J. and R. Tonson, J. Rivington, R. Baldwin, W. Johnston [and 5 others

in London], 1764).®

Anderson, James, Miscellaneous communications (Madras: W.S. Cooper, [1795]).

d’Anghiera, Pietro Martire, The history of trauayle in the West and East Indies, and other countreys

lying eyther way, towardes the fruitfull and ryche Moluccaes: As Moscouia, Persia, Arabia, Syria,

Ægypte, Ethiopia, Guinea, China in Cathayo, and Giapan: vvith a discourse of the Northwest

passage. Gathered in parte, and done into Englyshe by Richarde Eden. Newly set in order,

augmented, and finished by Richarde Willes (London: Richarde Iugge, 1577).®

Anon., ‘Observations on Turkey’, Philosophical transactions 8 (1673), 6017–8.®

———, A brief description of the excellent vertues of that sober and wholesome drink, called coffee,

and its incomparable effects in preventing or curing most diseases incident to humane bodies

(London: Paul Greenwood, and are to be sold at the sign of the Coffee-Mill and Tobacco Roll in

Cloath-fair West-Smithfield who selleth the best Arabian coffee-powder and chocolate, made in

cake or in roll, after the Spanish fashion, &c, 1674).

———, ‘The Story of Parizade in the Arabian Tales’, The Gentleman’s Magazine 24 (1754), 222–3.

———, Review of History of the island of Minorca, The Literary Magazine 1/1 (15 April–15 May

1756), 11–14.

———, A Compendium of the most approved modern travels: containing a distinct account of the

religion, government, commerce, manners, and natural history, of several nations, illustrated and

adorned with many useful and elegant copper-plates (London: published for John Scott, 1757).

———, The universal pocket companion: containing, among many other necessary contains a list of

merchants and tradesmen in the city (London: L. Hawes, G. Keith, John Rivington, R. Baldwin, S.

Crowder, B. Law, C. and R. Ware, 1767).

———, The modern traveller being a collection of useful and entertaining travels lately made into

various countries, 6 vols (London: T. Lowndes, 1776).

———, Review of Treatise of the Plague, The Analytical Review: or history of literature, domestic

and foreign, on an enlarged plan 10 (1791), 259–70.

———, Review of Treatise of the Plague, The Critical Review 2 (May 1791), 1–9.

———, ‘Art I and Art IV. The natural history of Aleppo.’, The English Review 24 (August 1794), 81–

86, (September 1794), 185–95.

———, Review of Aleppo (1794), The Monthly Review 18 (1795), 251–8.

———, ‘Russel’s Aleppo’, The British Critic 4 (1794), 461–7; 5 (1795), 12–17.

———, Review of Beloe’s Miscellanies. The Analytical Review 22 (1795), 627–9.

———, Review of Patrick Russell, An Account of Indian serpents, collected on the coast of

Coromandel (1796), The British Critic 9 (1797), 221–31.

290

AnΓākī, DāΜūd ibn ΚUmar, The nature of the drink Kauhi, or Coffe, and the berry of which it is made;

described by an Arabian phisitian. transl. Edward Pocock, the Elder. Arab. & Eng (Oxford: Henry

Hall, 1659).

Alison, Archibald, Essays on the nature and principle of taste (Edinburgh: Bell and Bradfute, 1790).

Anderson, Adam Historical and chronological deduction of the origin of commerce (London: A.

Millar et al., 1764).®

Aristotle, perum Aristotelis Stagiritae philosophorum omnium longe principis, noua editio, raec

atiné, ed. Isaac Casaubon (Geneva: apud Guillelmum Laemarium, 1590).®

———, Aristotelis Historia de animalibus, ed. Julius Caesar Scaliger (Toulouse: D. & P. Bosc,

1619).®

Armstrong, MD, John, A synopsis of the history and cure of venereal diseases (London: A. Millar,

1737).

———, The Oeconomy of love. A poetical essay (1736; London: M. Cooper, 1753).

[———], ‘Art XII. The natural history of Aleppo, and parts adjacent. Containing a description of the

city, and the principal natural productions in its neighbourhood; together with an account of the

climate, inhabitants, and diseases; particularly of the plague, with the methods used by the

Europeans for their preservation. By Alex Russell MD. 410

Pr. 15s. in boards. Millar’, The Critical

Review, or, Annals of literature 1 (1756), 360–4.

Armstrong, John, The history of the island of Minorca (London: C. Davis, 1752).

Arrian, The voyage of Nearchus from the Indus to the Euphrates, ed. William Vincent (London: T.

Cadell jun. and W. Davies (successors to Mr. Cadell), 1797).

d’Arvieux, Le Chevalier Laurent Chevalier, Mémoires du Chavalier d’Arvieux, contenant ses voyages

de 1653–83 à Constantinople, dans l’Asie, la Syrie, la Palestine, l’Égypte et la Barbarie, la

decription de ces pays, les religions, le moeurs, les coutumes, le négocce de ces peoples, et leur

gouvernements; l’histoire naturelle et les évènements les plus considérables recueilles de ses

mémoires origineaux et mis en ordre avec des réflexions par le R.P.G. Bapt. Labat, éd. Le P re

Jean-Baptiste Labat, 6 vols (1683; Paris: Charles-Jean-Baptise Delespine, 1735). Vols iii–iv have

been reprinted, édition du texte et présentation de Jacques de Maussion de Favi res (Paris: ditions

Kimé, 1994).®

———, Voyage fait par ordre du roy Louis XIV. Dans la Palestine, vers le Grand Emir, Chef des

Princes Arabes du Desert, connus sous le nom de Bedouins, ou d’Arabes Scenites, qui se disent la

vraie posterite d’Ismael fils d’Abraham il est traité des moeurs des cou tumes de cette nation.

Avec la description generale de l’Arabie, faite par le Sultan Ismae l Abulfeda, traduite en franc ois

sur les meilleurs Manuscrits, avec des notes. Par Monsieur D.L.R. (De la Roque) (Paris: André

Cailleau, 1717; Amsterdam: Steenhouwer & Uytwerf, 1718).®

———, The Chevalier d’Arvieux’s travels in Arabia the Desert; written by himself, and publish’d by

Mr de la Roque to which is added, a general description of Arabia, by Sultan Ishmael Abulfeda

Done into English by an eminent hand Illustrated with copper plates (London: B. Barker, etc.,

1718).®

———, The Travels of the chevalier d’Arvieux in Arabia the desart/written by himself, and published

by Mr. De La Roque: giving a very accurate and entertaining account of the religion, rites,

customs, diversions, &c. of the Bedouins, or Arabian scenites. Undertaken by order of the late

French King. To which is added, A general description of Arabia, by Sultan Ishmael Abulfeda,

translated from the best manuscripts; with notes.Done into English by an eminent hand (London:

D. Browne., 1723; London: B. Barker and C. King, 1732). Abū al-FidāΜ’s general description of

Arabia has a separate title-page, dated 1718.®

Assalini, Paolo, Observations on the disease called the plague, the dysentery, the ophthalmy of Egypt,

and on the means of prevention: with some remarks on the yellow fever of Cadiz, and the

description and plan of an hospital for the reception of patients affected with epidemic and

contagious diseases, transl. Adam Neale (London: J. Mawman, 1804). (Squibb 4: 21).

Assemani, Stefano Evodio, Bibliotheca Medicae. Laurentianae et Palatinae codicum mms.

orientalium catalogus (Florence: ex typographio Albiziniano, 1742 [i.e. 1743]).® (Squibb 13: 177).

Authors of the Ancient Universal History, Modern universal history containing the most genuine life

of Mohammed: with a compleat history of the Arabs, 3 vols (London: George Kearsley, 1762).®

Averroes, Collectaneorum de re medica Averrhoi sectiones tres (Venice: apud Iuntas, 1503; Leiden:

Seb. Gryphium, 1537).®

Bacon, Francis, The advancement of Learning (1605), in The Works of Francis Bacon (London: A.

Millar in the Strand, 1765).

291

Banks, Joseph, Sir, Catalogus bibliothecae historico-naturalis Josephi Banks, comp. Jonas Dryander,

5 vols (London: Typis Gul. Bulmer et Soc., 1796–1800). (Squibb 5: 27).

Bar Hebraeus aka Abū al-Faraj Grīghōr, Specimen historiae Arabum, sive, Gregorii Abul Farajii

Malatiensis: de origine & moribus Arabum succincta narratio, in linguam Latinam conversa,

notisque è probatisimis apud ipsos authoribus, fufiùs illustrate, transl. Edward Pococke (1649;

repr. Oxford: E typographeo Clarendoniano, 1650).® (Squibb 8: 105).

———, Historia compendiosa dynastiarum, transl. Edward Pococke (Oxford: excudebat H. Hall.

impensis Ric: Davis, 1663).® (Squibb 9: 107).

———, Chronicon Syriacum. E codicibus Bodleianis descripsit maximam partem vertit notisque

illustravit Paulus Iacobus Bruns editit ex parte vertit notasque adiecit eorgius uilielmus

Kirsch… (Leip ig: Adamus Fridericus Boehemius, 1789).®

Barrelier, Jacques, Plantae per Galliam, Hispaniam et Italiam observatae, iconibus Aenis exhibitae

(Paris: apud Stephanum Ganeau, 1714). (‘Barr. ic.’).®

Barrington, Daines, ‘Investigation of the specific characters which distinguish the rabbit from the

hare: in a letter to Samuel Wegg, Esq; T. and Vice-President of the R.S. from the Honourable

Daines Barrington, V.P. R.S.’, Philosophical transactions 62 (1772), 4–14.®

Barthema, Lodovico, The nauigation and vyages of Lewes Vertomannus. to the regions of Arabia,

Egypte, Persia, Syria, Ethiopia, and East India. In the yeere. 1503, transl. Richarde Eden, in

Purchas, Purchas his Pilgrimes, etc. pt. 2 (1625).®

Battista, Giovanni, da Napoli, Opera et trattato che insegna molti dignissimi secreti contra peste con

li quali subito se guarise, et ancora la detta opera ensegna a sapersi conseruar e stare sano

essendo la persona in terra di suspetto composta per el venerabile frate Giouanni Baptista

Napolitano gubernatore sopra li amorbati in Napoli (Venice: per Bernardinum de Vitalibus

Venetum, 1527). (Squibb 10: 124).

Bauhinus, Caspar (aka Bauhin, Gaspar), Pinax theatri botanici sive Index in Theophrasti,

Dioscoridis, Plinii et botanicorum qui à seculo scripserunt, opera (Basil, [s.n.], 1671).

——— , Histoire des plantes de l’Europe, et des plus usitées qui viennent d’Asie, d’Afrique &

d’Amérique, 2 vols (Lyon: chez Duplain, 1737). (Squibb 5: 32, i.e. the 1771 edition).

Bauhinus, Johann (aka Bauhin, John), Historia plantarum universalis, 3 vols (Embrun: [s.n.], 1650–

1651).

Baumgarten, Martin von, Peregrinatio in Aegyptum, Arabiam, Palaestinam et Syriam, ed. Christoph

Donauer (Nuremberg: ex officina Gerlachiana, per P. Kavffmannvm, 1594).®

———, The travels of Martin von Baumgarten through Egypt, Arabia, Palestine and Syria in three

books giving an account of the situation, nature, monuments and ruins of those countries to which

is prefix’d the life of the author, in a collection of voyages and travels some now first printed from

original manuscripts, others now first published in english (London: Churchill and Churchill,

1704).

Beckford, William, An Arabian Tale. (The history of the Caliph Vathek), from an unpublished [mss]

with notes critical and explanatory by Reverend Samuel Henley (London: J. Johnson, 1786).®

Beloe, Reverend William, The history of Herodotus (London: Leigh and Sotheby, 1791).® (Squibb

18: 273).

———, Miscellanies: consisting of poems, classical extracts, and Oriental apologues, 3 vols

(London: F. & C. Rivington, 1795). (Squibb 5: 34).

Belon du Mans, Pierre, De aquatilibus: libro duo cum conibus ad viuam ipsorum effigiem, quoad eius

fieri potuit, expressis (Paris: apud Carolum Stephanum, Typographum Regium , 1553).®

———, Les Observations de plusieurs singularitez & choses memorables: trouuées en Grece, Asie,

Iudée, Egypte, Arabie, & autres pays estranges, redigées en trois liures (Brussels: [s.n.], 1555;

Paris: chez Guillaume Cauellet, 1555).®

———, De plantis Aegypti liber (Venice: Franciscum de Franciscis Senensem, 1592).

Benjamin ben Jonah, of Tudela, Voyages de Rabbi Benjamin fils de Iona de Tudele, en Europe, en

Asie & en Afrique, depuis l’Espagne jusqu’à la Chine: Ou l’on trouve plusieurs choses

rremarquables concernant l’histoire & la geographie & particulierement l’etat des Juifs au

douzieme siecle. Traduits de l’Hebreu et enrichis de notes et de dissertations historiques et

critiques sur ces voyages par J.P. Baratier, 2 vols (Amsterdam: aux dépens de la Compagnie,

1734).®

Bernard, Edward (ed.), Catalogi librorum manuscriptorura Angliae et Hiberniae in unum collecti cum

Indice alphabetico (Oxford: e Theatro Sheldoniano, 1697).®

292

Biddulph, William, The trauels of certaine Englishmen into Africa, Asia, Troy, Bythinia, Thracia, and

to the Blacke Sea. And into Syria, Cilicia, Pisidia, Mesopotamia, Damascus, Canaan, Galile,

Samaria, Iudea, Palestina, Ierusalem, Iericho, and to the Red Sea, and to sundry other places.

Begunne in the yeere of Iubile 1600. and by some of them finished this yeere 1608. The others not

yet returned, Very profitable for the helpe of Travellers, and no lesse delightfull to all persons who

take pleasure to heare of the Manners, Government, Religion, and Customes of Forraine and

Heathen Countries. [Four letters describing the travels of William Biddulph, Jeffrey Kirbie,

Edward Abbot, John Elkin and Jasper Tyon. Compiled from letters by William and Peter Biddulph

to Bezaliell Biddulph, by Theophilus Lavender.] (London: T. Haueland for W. Aspley, 1609).®

———, Excerpts in Purchas, Hakluytus Posthumus.®

Birch, Thomas, The history of the Royal Society of London for improving of natural knowledge, from

its first rise in which the most considerable of those papers communicated to the Society, which

have hitherto not been published, are inserted in their proper order, as a supplement to the

philosophical transactions (London: A. Millar in the Strand, 1756).

Black, W., Observations: medical and political, on the small-pox (London: Johnson, 1781).

Blair, Patrick, Osteographia elephantina: or, a full and exact description of all the bones of an

elephant, which died near Dundee, April the 27th. 1706 with their several dimensions (London

printed and sold by G. Strahan, and W. Innys, 1713). (Squibb 10: 134).

Blane, Sir Gilbert, Observations on the Diseases of Seamen (London: Murray and Highley, 1799).

Bloch, Marcus Elieser, Ichtyologie, ou, istoire naturelle, générale et particuli re des poissons

(Berlin: chez l’auteur, 1785–1788).®

Blount, Sir Henry, A voyage into the Levant: a brief relation of a journey lately performed from

England by way of Venice, into Dalmatia, Sclavonia, Bosna, Hungary, Macedonia, Thessaly,

Thrace, Rhodes, and Aegypt, unto Gran-Cairo. With particular observations concerning the

modern condition of the Turks, and other people under that empire (1636; London: T.M. for

Andrew Crook, 1664). (Squibb 5: 46).

Bochart, Samuel, Geographia Sacra seu Phaleg et Canaan (Caen: typis Petri Cardonelli, 1646).®

———, Hierozoicon: sive bipertitum opus de animalibus sacrae scripturae, 2 vols (London:

excudebat Thomas Roycroft. impensis Jo. Martyn & Jac. Allestry, 1663).® (Squibb 13: 180).

Bodleian Library, Bibliothecae Bodleianae codicum manuscriptorum orientalium,. catalogus,. a

Joanne Uri confectus. Pars prima (Oxford: e typographeo Clarendoniano, 1787).®

Boccaccio, Giovanni, Il Decameron (Amsterdam: [s.n.], [1679]). (Squibb 5: 47).

Boerhaave, Herman, Institutiones medicae: in usus annuae exercitationis domesticos (Leiden: apud

Johannem vander Linden, P. & F, 1708).

———, Aphorismi de cognoscendis et curandis morbis inr usum doctrinae domesticae digesti

(Leiden: Johannem vander Linden, 1709).

———, The aphorisms on the diagnosis and treatment of diseases (London: B. Cowse & W. Innys,

1715).

———, Praelectiones academicae de lue venerea, 4 vols (Amsterdam: Cornelium de Pecker, 1762).

(Squibb 5: 48; 10: 136).

———, Praelectiones academicae de lue venerea (Leiden: apud Cornelium de Pecker, 1762).®

(Squibb 6: 51).

———, Kitaab-i nekave fi terceme-i kelimât-i Boerhaave (The finest pieces from the translation of

the Aphorisms of Boerhaave). Unpublished. 3 extant MSS copies in libraries in Istanbul.

Bon, Ottaviano, ‘Description of the Grand Seignor’s Seraglio’, in John Greaves, Miscellaneous works,

ed. Thomas Birch (London: J. Hughs, for J. Brindley; and C. Corbett, 1737).

Boswell, James, ‘Some account of with regard to the travels of James Bruce, Esq. of Kinnaird’, The

Scots Magazine 48 (1786), 165–71.

———, Boswell’s Life of Johnson: including Boswell’s Journal of a tour of the Hebrides, and

Johnson’s diary of A journal into North Wales (1791; London: Harper & Brothers, 1799).

Boulainvilliers, Henri, comte de, a ie de Mahomet, tr et compilée de l’Alcoran, des traditions

authentiques de la Sonna, et des meilleurs auteurs arabes, 2 vols (Amsterdam: chez les Wetsteins

& Smith, 1732; repr. 1748).

Boyle, Robert, ‘General Heads for a Natural History of a Country, Great or Small’, Philosophical

transactions 1 (1665–1666): 186–9.

Browne, Edward, ‘Observations in Turkey’, in John Lowthrop (ed.), Philosophical transactions

(1705), iii, 605.®

Browne MD, Patrick, The civil and natural history of Jamaica (London: B. White and Son, 1789).

293

Bruce, James, Travels to discover the source of the Nile: in the Years 1768, 1769, 1770, 1771, 1772,

& 1773, 5 vols (Edinburgh: J. Ruthven, for G. G. J. and J. Robinson, London, 1790).®

Brydges, Sir Egerton, Censura Literaria: containing titles, abstracts, and opinions of old English

books ([London]: T. Bensley, [c.1805]).

Brydone, Patrick, A tour through Sicily and Malta: in a series of letters to William Beckford, Esq. of

Somerly in Suffolk (London: W. Strahan and T. Cadell, 1773).

Buffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, comte de, Histoire naturelle, generale et particuliere: avec la

description du cabinet du Roy 44 volumes in 45 (Paris: de l’imprimerie Royale, 1749–1804).

Patrick owned at least vol. 2 on serpents [and?] the 15 volumes published 1750–1789. vol iii, on

animals, is by M. Daubenton.® (Squibb 11: 143).

———, Histoire naturelle, générale et particuli re, servant de suite à l’histoire des animaux

quadrup des, vi (Paris: Imprimerie Royale, 1782), vi.®

[Burlington, Charles], The modern traveller, being a collection of useful and entertaining travels

lately made into various countries (London: T. Lowndes, 1776).

Burney, Charles, Music, men and manners in France and Italy, 1770 / being the journal written by

Charles Burney during a tour through those countries undertaken to collect material for a general

history of music; transcribed from the original manuscript in the British Museum, Additional

Manuscript 35122, and edited with an introduction by H. Edmund Poole (London, Folio Society,

1969). First published in 1771 under title: The present state of music in France and Italy.

Burney, Charles, and Frank Mercer, A general history of music, from the earliest ages to the present

period, 4 vols (London, 1776, rev edn. 1789; London: Frank Mercer, 1935; repr. 1957). (Patrick

owned a least vol 1 of 1776 edition, Squibb 11: 145).

Burney, Fanny, Memoirs of Doctor Burney: arranged from his own manuscripts, from family papers,

and from personal recollections by his daughter, Madame d’Arblay, 3 vols (1778: London: Edward

Moxon, 1832).

Burton, William, An account of the life and writings of Herman Boerhaave, doctor of philosophy and

medicine; professor of the theory and practice of physic, in the university of Leyden (London: H.

Lintot, 1743). (Squibb 6: 51).

Busbequius, Augerius Gislenius, The four epistles of A.G. Busbequius, concerning his embassy into

Turkey. To which is added, his Advice how to manage war against the Turks. Done into Engl.

(London, 1694).®

Cabillonensis, Morel, De febre purpurata epidemia et pestilenti, quae ab aliquot annis in Burgundiam

et omnes ferè Galliae provincias miserè debacchatur, medica dissertation (Lyon: Jo. Antonii

Huguetan, 1641).

Callimachus, Callimachi Hymni, Epigrammata et Fragmenta (Leiden: apud Samuelem et Joannem

Luchtmans, Academiae Typographos, 1761). (‘Lavacrum Palladis’).®

Camden, William, The history of the most renowned and victorious Princess Elizabeth, late Queen of

England (London: E. Flesher, for Charles Harper, and John Amery, at the Flower-de-luce, at at the

Peacock, both against St. Dunstan’s Church in Fleetstreet, 1675).® (Squibb 13: 184).

Cantemir, Dimitrie, Voivode of Moldavia. The history of the growth and decay of the Othman empire:

…Translated into English, from the author’s own manuscript, by N. Tindal, Adorned with a plan of

Constantinople; and twenty-two heads of the Turkish emperors (London: A. Millar, 1756).

Capper, James, Observations on the passage to India, through Egypt, and across the Great Desert;

with occasional remarks on the adjacent countries, and also sketches of the different routes

(London: W. Faden; J. Robson; and R. Sewell, 1783; 3rd edn 1785).

Cartwright, John, The preacher’s travels through Syria, Persia etc: (London: Thomas Thorppe, and

are to bee sold by Walter Burre, 1611).®

———,The Preacher’s travels, in Hakluyt, The Principall Navigations, iii, 482–523.

Casiri, Miguel, Bibliotheca arabico-hispa a escurialensis sive, librorum omnium mss quos arabic

ab auctoribus magnam partem arabo-hispanis compositos bibliotheca coenobii escurialensis

complectitur / recensio et explanatio, opera & studio Michaelis Casiri syro-maronitae, presbyteri,

s theologiae doctoris, Regis à bibliotheca, linguarumque rientalium interpretatione Tomus

prior[-posterior]. 2 vols (Madrid: Antonius Perez de Soto, 1760–1770).®

Cave, Edward (ed.), [pseud. Sylvanus Urban], Preface, The Gentleman’s Magazine 26 (1756). n.p.

———, The Lady’s Magazine or entertaining companion for the fair sex, appropriated solely to their

use and amusement 12 (1781).

Cedrenus, Georgius, Compendium historiarum, 2 vols (Paris: e Typographia Regia, 1647). (‘Hist.

Com.’).®

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Channing, John, Rhazes de variolis et morbillis, Arabice et Latine, cum aliis eiusdem argumenti, cura

et impensis Johannis Channing, natu et civitate Londinensis (London: William Bowyer in London,

1766). (Squibb 41: 650, 651).

———, ‘A letter to Dr Watson, FRS containing a description of three substances mentioned by the

Arabian Physicians, in a paper sent from Aleppo, and translated from the Arabic, by Mr. J.

Channing, apothecary’, Philosophical transactions 57 (1767), 21–27.

———, Albucasis de chirurgia: Arabice et Latine [De chirurgia. Latin] (Oxford: Clarendon, 1778).

(Squibb 9: 111).

Chardin, Jean [John, Sir], Voyages du chevalier Chardin, en Perse, et autres lieux de l’ rient

enrichis de figures en taille-douce, qui représentent les antiquités les choses remarquables du

pai s, 4 vols (Amsterdam: aux depens de la Compagnie, 1735).® (Squibb 11: 152).

Chavis, Denis and Jacques Cazotte, Arabian Tales. Being a continuation of the Arabian Nights’

entertainments. Consisting of one thousand and one stories ... Translated from the Arabian

manuscript into French, by Dom Chavis and M. Cazotte, and now translated into English from the

last French edition (Edinburgh: G. Mudie, 1792). (Squibb 4: 11).

Chenot, Adam, Tractatus de peste. Vienna: Jo. Thom. nob. de Trattnern, 1766).

Cheyne, George, The English malady; or, A treatise of nervous diseases of all kinds, as spleen,

vapours, lowness of spirits, hypochondriacal and hysterical distempers, &c. with the author’s own

case at large (London: G. Strahan, 1733).

Chishull, Edmund, Travels in Turkey and back to England by the late Reverend and learned Edmund

Chishull, BD. Chaplain to the factory of the worshipful Turkey Company of Smyrna (London: W.

Bowyer, 1747).®

Choiseul-Gouffier de, Marie-Gabriel-Auguste-Florent, le comte, Voyage pittoresque de la Grèce

(Paris: [s.n.], 1782–1822).®

Cicero, Marcus Tullius, Marci Tullii Ciceronis opera, quae supersunt, omnia. Isaacus Verburgius

collegit, disposuit, recensuit, variantes lectiones ubique apposuit (Amsterdam: apud Rod. & Gerh.

Wetstenios, 1724).®

Cleghorn, George, Observations on the epidemical diseases in Minorca. From the year 1744 to 1749.

To which is prefixed, a short account of the climate, productions, inhabitants, and endemial

distempers of that island (London: D. Wilson, 1751).® (Squibb 7: 86).

Clive, General and James Parsons, ‘Some account of the animal sent from the East Indies, by General

Clive, to His Royal Highness the Duke of Cumberland, which is now in the Tower of London: in a

letter from James Parsons, MD FRS to the Rev. Tho. Birch, DD Secretary to the Royal Society’,

Philosophical transactions 51 (1759), 648–52.®

Clusius, Carolus, Rariorum plantarum historia, etc. (Antwerp: ex Officina Plantiniana: apud ioannem

Moretum, 1601) (‘Clus. Hist.’).®

Cotovicus, Joannes, Itinerarium Hierosolymitanum et Syriacum (Antwerp: apud Hieronymum

Verdussium, 1619).®

Dalechamps, Jacques, Historia generalis plantarum (Lyon: apud Gulielmum Rouillium, 1586–1587)

‘Dalech. Hist.’).®

Dallaway, James, Constantinople ancient and modern, with excursions to the shores and islands of the

archipelago and to the Troad. By James Dallaway, MB FSA late chaplain and physician of The

British Embassy to the Porte (London: T. Bensley, for T. Cadell Junr. & W. Davies, in the Strand,

1797).

———, Constantinople, ancienne et moderne (Paris: che Denné jeune, An VII, [1798–1799]).

Dandini, Girolamo, Voyage du Mont Liban, avec des remarques sur la theologie des chrétiens du

Levant, & sur celle des Mahommetans. Par R.S.P. [i.e. Richard Simon] (Paris: chez Louis Billaine,

1685).®

[Dawes, Thomas], ‘An account of the plague at Aleppo In a letter to the Rev Charles Lyttelton LL D

Dean of Exeter now Lord Bishop of Carlisle and FRS from the Reverend Mr Thomas Dawes

Chaplain to the Factory at Aleppo’, Philosophical transactions 53 (1762), 39–47.

Defoe, Daniel, The Consolidator: or memoirs of sundry transactions from the world in the moon.

Translated from the lunar language, by the author of The true-born English man (London: Benj.

Bragg, 1705). (Squibb 14: 197).

———, The genuine works of Mr. Daniel D’foe. 2 vols (London, [s.n.], [1710]). (Squibb 14: 198).

———, Journal of the Plague Year, in 1665 (London: E. Nutt, 1722). (Squibb 14: 196).

Della Valle, Petro, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle, il pellegrino: con minuto ragguaglio di tutte le cose

notabili osseruate in essi; discritti da lui medesimo in 54. lettere familiari. mandate in Napoli

295

all’erudito Mario Schipano, diuisi in tre parti, cio la Turchia, la Persia, e l’India (Rome:

appresso Vitale Mascardi, 1650–1663).®

Desgenettes, René, Histoire médicale de l’Armée d’Orient (Paris: [s.n.], 1802). (Squibb 14: 202).

Dewar, Henry, MD, Observations on diarrhoea and dysentery, particularly as these diseases

appeared in the British campaign of Egypt, in 1801 (London: John Murray, 1804). (Squibb 14:

203).

Dioscorides Pedanius, of Anazarbos. Commentarii secundo aucti, in libros sex P. Dioscoridis. de

medica materia, ed. Pietro Andrea Mattioli (Venice: [s.n.], 1559). (‘Matthiol. Dioscor.’).® (Squibb

20: 301).

———, Les Commentaires de P.A. Matthiolus, sur les six livres de P.D. de la matière medicinale:

[With the text.] Traduits de Latin en François par A. du Pinet; et augmentez, tant de plusieurs

remedes et diverses sortes de maladies. A. du Pinet. Derniere édition, corrigée et mise dans un

meilleur langage (Lyon: [s.n.], 1680).

Douglas, James, Arbor emensis fructum cof ferens or a description and history of the coffee tree

(London: T. Woodward, 1727).

Drummond, Alexander, Travels through different cities of Germany, Italy, Greece, and several parts

of Asia as far as the banks of the Euphrates: in a series of letters. Containing, an account of what is

most remarkable in their present state, as well as in their monuments of antiquity (London: W.

Strahan for the author, 1754).® (Squibb 24: 364, half bound and uncut).

du Loir, Nicolas, es oyages du sieur du oir contenus en plusieurs lettres écrites du evant, auec

plusieurs particularitéz qui n’ont point encore esté remarqueés touchant la rece, la domination

du Grand Seigneur, la religion & les moeurs de ses sujets (Paris: chez Gervais Clouzier, au Palais,

sur les Degrez de la Sainte Chapelle, 1654).®

Edwards, George, Gleanings of natural history: exhibiting figures of quadrupeds, birds, insects,

plants, etc., most of which have not, till now, been either figured or described (London: Royal

College of Physicians, 1758–1764).®

Edwards, George and Carl von Linné, A catalogue of the birds, beasts, fishes, insects, plants, &c.:

contained in Edwards’s natural history in seven volumes [aka A natural history of uncommon birds

and gleanings of natural history] (London, [s.n.], 1776).

Ehret, Georg Dionysius, Plantae et papiliones rariores ([London]: [s.n.], 1748–[1759]), 15 plates.

———, ‘An account of a species of Ophris, Supposed to be the plant, which is mentioned by

Gronovius in the Flora Virginica, p. 185, under the name of Ophris Scapo Nudo Foliis Radicalibus

Ovato-Oblongis, Dimidii Scapi Longitudine’, Philosophical transactions 53 (1763), 81–83.

———, ‘A description of the Andrachne, with its botanical characters; by G.D. Ehret, FRS’,

Philosophical transactions 57 (1767), 114–17.

Ellis, John, An historical account of coffee: with an engraving, and botanical description of the tree:

to which are added, sundry papers relative to its culture and use, as an article of diet and of

commerce (London: E. and C. Dilly, 1774).®

Émïn, Joseph, The life and adventures of oseph Émı n: an Armenian. Written in English by himself

(London: [s.n.], 1792); vol. 2 covers 1726–1806 (Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press, 1918).

Erpenius, Thomas, Historia Saracenica, qua res gestae Muslimorum, inde a Muhammede. usque ad

initium imperii Atabacaei, per XLIX imperatorum successionem fidelissime explicantur. Arabice

olim exarata a Georgio Elmacino. Et Latine reddita operâ ac studio Thomae Erpenii. Accedit & R.

Ximenez, Archiepiscopi Toletani, Historia Arabum, longe accuratius, quam ante, e Manuscripto

codice expressa (Leiden: ex typographia Erpeniana linguarum orientalium, Prostant apud Joh.

Maire, & Elzevirios, 1625). (Squibb 20: 313).

———, Arabicae linguae tyrocinium: Id est, Thomae Erpenii Grammatica Arabica (Leiden: Typis &

impensis Ioannis Maire, 1656).® (Squibb 21: 315).

Euripides, Electra and Phaëton (? editions unknown).®

Fabricius, Johann Albert, Bibliotheca Graeca, 14 vols (Hamburg: C. Liebezeit & T.C. Felginer, 1705–

1728).®

———, Bibliotheca Latina, 2 vols (London: [s.n.], 1703). (Squibb 15: 217).

Ferriol, Charles, marquis d’Argental, comte de, Explication des cent estampes qui representent

diffentes nations du Levant: avec de nouvelles estampes de ceremonies Turques qui ont aussi leurs

explications, plates coloured (Paris: J. Collombat, 1715).® (Squibb 24: 368).

Fitch, John, Sir, Narratives of Fitch® [Not identified].

Fonton, Charles, Essai sur la musique orientale comparée à la musique européenne: où l’on tâche de

donner une idée générale de la musique des peuples de l’orient (1751), repr. in Eckhard Neubauer,

296

Der Essai sur la musique orientale von Charles Fonton mit Zeichnungen von Adanson (Frankfurt-

am-Main Institute for the history of Arabic Islamic science, 1999).

Forsskål, Pehr, Flora Aegyptiaco-Arabica. Sive Descriptiones plantarum, quas per Aegyptum

inferiorem et Arabiam felicem (Copenhagen: ex officina Mo lleri, aulae typographi, 1775).®

(Squibb 21: 322).

———, Descriptiones animalium, avium, amphibiorum, piscium, insectorum, vermium, quæ in itinere

orientali observavit P. Forskål. Adjuncta est materia medica Kahirina atque tabula Maris Rubri

geographica, ed. Cartsen Niebuhr (Copenhagen: ex officina Mo lleri, 1775).® (Squibb 21: 321).

Fothergill, John, An account of the sore throat attended with ulcers: a disease which hath of late years

appeared in this city, and in several parts of the nation (London: C. Davis, 1748).

———, ‘An essay on the character of late Alexander Russell, MD, FRS. Read before the Society of

Physicians the 2d of October 1769’, in Fothergill, Works, iii, 355–80.

———, An essay on the character of the late Alexander Russell, M.D, FRS (London: [s.n.], 1770).

———, ‘Extracts from an historical account of coffee (1774)’, repr. in Fothergill, Works, iii, 279–

332.

———, A complete collection of the medical and philosophical works (London: J. Walker, 1781).

———, The Works of John Fothergill, MD, member of the Royal College of Physicians, ed. John

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Freer, Adam, Dissertatio medica inauguralis, de syphilide venerea; nec non de morbo sibbens dicto:

Quam, annuente summo numine, ex auctoritate Reverendi admodum Viri, D. Gulielmi Robertson,

S.S.T.P. Academiae Edinburgenae Praefecti; nec non amplissimi senatus academici consensu, et

nobilissimae facultatis medicae decreto; pro Gradu Doctoris, summisque in medicina honoribus et

privilegiis rite et legitime consequendis, eruditorum examini subjicit Adamus Freer, Britannus.

Pridie idus Julii, hora locoque solitis (Edinburgh: apud Balfour, Auld, et Smellie, Academiae

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———, De Sanitate Tuenda [On the Preservation of Health] in Galeni opera ex nona Juntarum

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Haye: chez Pierre Husson, 1704–1728). By 1706 seven volumes had been published, viii (1709), ix

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[Galland], Arabian Nights Entertainments: consisting of one thousand and one stories, told by the

Sultaness of the Indies, to divert the Sultan from the execution of a bloody vow he had made to

marry a lady every day, and have her cut off next morning, to avenge himself for the disloyalty of

his first sultaness, &c. containing a better account of the customs, manners, and religion of the

Eastern Nations, viz. Tartars, Persians, and Indians, than is to be met with in any author hitherto

published. Transl. into French from the Arabian Mss. by M. Galland of the Royal Academy, and

now done into English from the last Paris Edition (London: Andrew Bell at the Cross Keys and

Bible, in Cornhill, 1706–1717); 4th

edn 6 vols, 1713; 6th

edn 1721; 7th

edn 1728; 10th

edn 1753; 12th

edn 1767;13th edn London: T. Longman…, 1772; 14th

edn Edinburgh: Colin Macfarquar, 1772;

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médicale, ou Histoire des vertus, du choix et de l’usage des remedes simples, 10 vols (Paris: J.

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& aquatilium animantium natura (Zurich: apud Christoph. Froschouerum, 1558; 1560).® (Squibb

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Gibbon, Edward and Simon Ockley, The history of the Saracen empire (London: A. Murray:

1870).This is a reprint of chapters 50 to 52 of Gibbon’s The history of the decline and fall of the

Roman empire, and the third edition of Ockley, History of the Saracens (repr. of Cambridge

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Gmelin, Johann Jakob, ‘Rupicapra cornibus arietinis’, Novi commentarii Academiae Scientiarum

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quam Mansucriptorum Bibliothecae Publicae Universitatis Lugduno-Batavae, Rijksuniversiteit

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Gronovius, Joannes Fredericus, Flora orientalis, sive Recensio plantarum, quas L. Rauwolffus, annis

1573, 1574, & 1575. in Syria [&c.]. crescentes observavit, & collegit (Leiden: typis Wilhelmi de

Groot, 1755) (‘Gronov. Orient.’).®

———, Flora virginica (Leiden: [s.n,], 1762). (Squibb 22: 340).

Gronovius, Laurentius Theodorus, Zoophilacium Gronovianum: exhibens animalia quadrupeda,

amphibia, pisces, insecta, vermes, mollusca, testacea, et zoophyta (Leiden: apud Theodorum Haak

et Socium et Samuelem et Johannem Luchtmans, 1763–1781).®

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edition, 2 vols, 1766; 3rd edition, 1772).®

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Hakluyt, Richard, The principall navigations, voyages, traffiques & discoveries of the English nation,

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Harmer, Thomas, Observations on divers passages of scripture, placing many of them in a light

altogether new: and proposing to consideration probable conjectures on others. / grounded on

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Thomas Field, 1764; repr. 1776).® (Squibb 18: 264, with manuscript notes).

Harris, John, Navigantium atque itinerantium bibliotheca: or, a complete collection of voyages and

travels. Consisting of above six hundred of the most authentic writers, beginning with Hackluit,

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Woodward et al., 1744–1748).® (Squibb 25; 384).

Harvey, William, Guilielmi Harveii opera omnia (London: G. Bowyer, 1766). (Squibb 23: 349).

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delineatione Syriae et Aegypti pro statu temporum sub Seleucidis et Lagidis regibus mappis

luculentis exhibita, et probationibus idoneis instructa. Juncta est huic operi consideratio urbium

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Hasselquist, Fredrik, [article on the Jerboa], Transactions of the Academy of Sciences at Stockholm

(1752), 123.®

———, Iter Palaestinum, Eller Resa til Heliga Landet, förrättad ifrån år 1749 til 1752 (Stockholm:

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———, Voyages and travels in the Levant: in the years 1749, 50, 51, 52. Containing observations in

natural history,. by.,. published by order of her present Majesty the Queen of Sweden by Charles

Linnaeus (London: L. Davis and C. Reymers, 1766).®

Haym, Nicola Francesco, Del tesoro britannico. i, Overo il museo nummario (London: per Giacob

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Henshaw, Thomas, ‘Inquires for Ægypt’, Philosophical transactions 2 (1667), 470–2.

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généralement tout ce qui regarde la connoissance des peuples de l’Orient. Leurs histoires et

traditions véritables ou fabuleuses; leurs religions, sectes et politique, leurs gouvernement, loix,

coutumes, moeurs, guerres, & les revolutions de leurs empires; leurs sciences et leurs arts, leurs

théologie, mythologie, magie, physique, morale, médicine, mathématiques, histoire naturelle,

chronologie, géographie, observations astronomiques, grammaire & rhétorique; les vies et actions

remarquables de tous leurs saints, docteurs, philosophes, historiens, poetes, capitaines, & de tous

ceux qui se sont rendus illustres parmi eux, par leur vertu, ou par leur savoir; des jugements

critiques, et des extraits de tous leurs ouvrages. De leurs traités, traductions, commentaires,

abrégés, recueils de fables, de sentences, de maximes, de proverbes, de contes, de bons mots, & de

tous leurs livres écrits en Arabe, en Persan, ou en Turc, sur toutes sortes de sciences, d’arts, & de

professions (Maastricht: Jean Edme Dufour & Philippe Roux, 1776). (‘Oriental Books’).®

———, Bibliothèque orientale, continued by Claude de Visdelou, bishop of Claudiopolis and Antoine

Galland (1697; Maastricht: Jean Edme Dufour and Philippe Roux, 1776, 1780).

Herodotus, Herodotou Halikarnasse os historio n logoi 9. Herodoti Halicarnassei historiarum libri IX.

Eiusdem narratio de vita Homeri. Cum Vallae interpret. latina historiarum. ab Henr. Stephano

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e Ctesiae libris de rebus Persicis & Indicis. Editio adornata opera. Gothofredi Iungermani

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Hodgson, James, William Derham, Richard Mead and Fontenelle (M. de Bernard Le Bovier),

Miscellanea curiosa: containing a collection of some of the principal phaenomena in nature,

accounted for by the greatest philosophers of this age: being the most valuable discourses, read

and delivered to the Royal Society, for the advancement of physical and mathematical knowledge.

As also a collection of curious travels, voyages, antiquities, and natural histories of countries;

presented to the same society. To which is added, A discourse of the influence of the sun and moon

on human bodies, &c (London: W.B. for James and John Knapton, 1727).

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Hole, Richard, Revd, Remarks on the Arabian Nights’ entertainments, in which the origin of

Sindbad’s voyages, and other Oriental fictions, is particularly considered (London: Cadell, 1797).

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Home, Francis, Clinical experiments, histories, and dissections (2nd

edition, London: Murray, 1782).

Homer, Homeri Odyssea, et in eandem scholia, sive interpretatio, veterum, ed. Joshua Barnes

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———, L’Iliade d’Homere, transl. Madame Dacier (Paris: Rigaud, 1711).

———, Homeri Ilias. ed. Samuel Clarke for the Duke of Cumberland. 2 vols (London: impensis

Jacobi, Johannis & Pauli Knapton, 1735). (Squibb 19: 290).

———, Operum omnium quae exstant. Tomus prior sive Ilias Grece et Latine.Juxta editionem

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reasoning into moral subjects (London: John Noon, 1739–1740). (Squibb 19: 295).

———, Essays, moral and political (Edinburgh: A. Kincaid, near the Cross, 1742). (Squibb 19: 295).

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Hunter, John, Treatise on the venereal disease (1786; London: sold at No. 13, Castle-Street, Leicester-

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Concerning beauty, order, harmony, design. ii. Concerning moral good and evil (London: D.

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———, An essay on the nature and conduct of the passions and affections: with illustrations on the

moral sense (London: A. Ward et al., 1742). (Squibb 20: 299).

Hutton, James, An Investigation of principles of knowledge (Edinburgh: A. Strahan, 1794).

Hyde, Thomas, Historia religionis veterum Persarum, eorumque magorum (Oxford: e Theatro

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Ibn Shaddād, BahāΜ al-Dīn Yūsuf ibn RāfiΚ (aka Bohadinus), Sīrat al-SulΓān al-Mālik al-NāΒir СalāΉ

al-Dīn Abī MuzΞaffar ūsuf ibn Ayyūb ibn Shādhī (al-Nawādir al-sulΓāniyyah wa al-mahāsin al-

yūsufiyyah (sīrat Salāh al-Dīn) / Vita et res gestae sultani Almalichi Alnasiri, СalāΉ al-Dīni

Auctore Bohadino f. Sjeddadi. nec non excerpta ex historia universali Abulfedae, itemque specimen

ex historia Salāh al-Dīni conscripta ab Amadoddino Ispahanensi, edidit ac atine vertit Albertus

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Idrīsī, MuΉammad b. MuΉammad, Geographia Nubiensis, id est accuratissima totius orbis in septem

climata divisi descriptio (Paris: [s.n.], 1619–1620).®

Ingram, Dale, An historical account of the several plagues that have appeared in the world since the

year 1346. (London: R. Baldwin, 1755). (Squibb 26: 392).

Irwin, Eyles, A series of adventures in the course of a voyage up the Red Sea, on the coasts of Arabia

and Egypt, and of a route through the desarts of Thebais, in the year 1777 (London: J. Dodsley,

1780).®

———, A series of adventures in the course of a voyage up the Red-Sea: on the coasts of Arabia and

Egypt; and of a route through the desarts of Thebais, in the year 1777. With a supplement of a

voyage from Venice to Latichea; and of a route through the desarts of Arabia, by Aleppo, Bagdad,

and the Tygris to Busrah, in the years 1780 and 1781. In letters to a lady (London: J. Dodsley,

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———, Voyage à la mer Rouge, sur les côtes de l’Arabie, en Égypte et dans les déserts de la

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the operations of the squadron and army in India, under the command of Vice-Admiral Watson and

Colonel Clive in the years 1755, 1756, 1757; including a correspondence between the admiral and

300

the nabob Serajah Dowlah. Also, a journey from Persia to England, by an unusual route. With an

appendix, containing an account of the diseases prevalent in Admiral Watson’s squadron: a

description of most of the trees, shrubs, and plants of India. also a copy of a letter written by a late

ingenious physician, on the disorders incidental to Europeans at Gombroon in the Gulph of Persia

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Jacquin, Nikolaas Jozeph, Jacquin, N.J., Florae Austriacae, sive Plantarum selectarum in Austriae

archiducatu sponte crescentium icones (Vienna: typis Leopoldi Johannis Kaliwoda, 1773–1778)

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Jesuits, Nouveaux memoires des missions de la Compagnie de Jesus, dans le Levant, 9 vols (Paris:

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James, Robert, A medicinal dictionary; including physic, surgery, anatomy, chymistry, and botany.,

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Jenner, Edward, An inquiry into the causes and effects of the variolae vaccinae, a disease discovered

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Jennings, David, Jewish antiquities: or a course of lectures on the three first books of Godwin’s

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Johnson, Samuel, A dictionary of the English language: in which the words are deduced from their

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W. Strahan, for J. and P. Knapton; T. and T. Longman; C. Hitch and L. Hawes; A. Millar; and R.

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Juvenal, The satires of Juvenal. and notes from Casaubon (London: W. Lowndes, 1785).®

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Kennedy, Peter, An Essay on External Remedies Wherein it is Considered, Whether all the curable

Distempers incident to Human Bodies, may not be cured by Outward Means (London: A. Bell,

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———, Hakluytus posthumus, or, Purchas His Pilgrimes: contayning a history of the world in sea

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Appendix 1 Diagrams and Maps

Documents