Apparel quality management part 1

WHAT IS QUALITY? WHAT IS QUALITY?

What would someone mean by the quality of a shoe? Let us suppose that it is a man’s shoe that he is asking about. Does he mean by good quality that it wears a long time? Or that it takes a shine well? That is feels comfortable? That it is waterproof? That the price is right in consideration of whatever he considers quality? Or it is good in design?Put another way, what quality-characteristics are important to the customer? - Deming

WHAT IS QUALITY? WHAT IS QUALITY? • Product quality Product quality is based on a product attribute.is based on a product attribute.How will you differentiate the quality between woven shirt and How will you differentiate the quality between woven shirt and

sweater?sweater?

• User-based quality User-based quality is fitness for use,is fitness for use,How will you differentiate the quality between How will you differentiate the quality between women garmentswomen garments

and and kids garments kids garments as a wearer?as a wearer?

• manufacturing based quality manufacturing based quality is conformance to requirements,is conformance to requirements,Which quality parameters will be followed when manufacturing Which quality parameters will be followed when manufacturing

thermal wear thermal wear and and sweat jacketsweat jacket??

• value based quality value based quality is the degree of excellence at an is the degree of excellence at an acceptable priceacceptable price

Zara jacket Zara jacket or or mango jackets mango jackets are products gives value for moneyare products gives value for money

QUALITY types? QUALITY types?

Assurance:Assurance: The The act of giving confidenceact of giving confidence, , the the state of being certainstate of being certainor the or the act of making certainact of making certain..

Quality Assurance:Quality Assurance: The The planned and systematic activities planned and systematic activities implemented in a quality system so that quality requirements for implemented in a quality system so that quality requirements for a product or service will be fulfilled.a product or service will be fulfilled.

Control:Control: An evaluation to indicate needed corrective responses;An evaluation to indicate needed corrective responses;the act of guiding a process the act of guiding a process in which variability is attributablein which variability is attributableto a constant system of chance causes.to a constant system of chance causes.

Quality Control: The Quality Control: The observation techniquesobservation techniques and and activitiesactivities used to used to fulfill requirements for quality.fulfill requirements for quality.

•

•

DEFINITIONS OF QUALITYDEFINITIONS OF QUALITY

• Conformance to Conformance to specificationsspecifications• The degree to which a The degree to which a productproduct or or

serviceservice meets the needs of the meets the needs of the customercustomer

• UniformityUniformity around a customer- around a customer-defined targetdefined target

• Exceeding Exceeding customer expectationscustomer expectations

The customer is the most important part of the process. The customer is the most important part of the process.

FEW FEW RETURNSRETURNS

IMPACT OF HIGHER QUALITY ON VALUEIMPACT OF HIGHER QUALITY ON VALUE

HIGHER HIGHER QUALITYQUALITY

LESS WAISTLESS WAIST

LESS LESS REWORKREWORK

FEW FEW REJECTIONREJECTION

LESS LESS BACKLOGBACKLOG

FEW FEW COMPLAINTCOMPLAINT

SS

LOWER LOWER COSTCOSTHIGH HIGH

PRODUCTIVIPRODUCTIVITYTY

HIGHER HIGHER VALUEVALUE

MARKETING &MARKETING &MARKET MARKET

RESEARCHRESEARCHREQUIREMENTS REQUIREMENTS

&&SPECIFICATIONSPECIFICATION

DESIGN&DESIGN&DEVELOPMEDEVELOPME

NTNT

PROCUREMEPROCUREMENTNT

PROCESS PROCESS PLANNING &PLANNING &DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT

PRODUCTIOPRODUCTIONN

INSPECTION, INSPECTION, TESTING &TESTING &

EXAMINATIONEXAMINATION

PACKAGING PACKAGING &&STORAGESTORAGE

SALES&SALES&DISTRIBUTIDISTRIBUTIONON

INSTALLATIINSTALLATION&ON&

OPERATIONOPERATION

TECHNICAL TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE &ASSISTANCE &MAINTENANCEMAINTENANCE

DISPOSADISPOSALL

QUALITY MUST BE CONSIDER AT ALL STAGES IN THE LIFE CYCLE, AS QUALITY MUST BE CONSIDER AT ALL STAGES IN THE LIFE CYCLE, AS SHOWN BELOW, OF A PRODUCT.SHOWN BELOW, OF A PRODUCT.

Quality inspection in apparel industries

“Visual examination or review of raw materials, partially finished components of garments and completely finished garments in relation to some standards, specifications, or requirements, as well as measuring garments to check if they meet the required measurements.”

QUALITY INSPECTION IN APPAREL QUALITY INSPECTION IN APPAREL INDUSTRIES INDUSTRIES

• Do to control quality of garments. Do to control quality of garments. • Checking of fabric, Checking of fabric, • Sewing thread, Sewing thread, • Button, Button, • Stitching,Stitching,• Zipper and other trims, Zipper and other trims, • Garments measurements/size etcGarments measurements/size etcaccording to required standard or according to required standard or

specification is known as inspection.specification is known as inspection.Quality inspection is important for every Quality inspection is important for every

section of apparel industries.section of apparel industries.

STEPS IN APPAREL INDUSTRIES TO CONTROL STEPS IN APPAREL INDUSTRIES TO CONTROL QUALITYQUALITY

RAW MATERIAL RAW MATERIAL INSPECTIONINSPECTION

IN PROCESS INSPECTIONIN PROCESS INSPECTION

FINAL INSPECTIONFINAL INSPECTION

RAW MATERIALS INSPECTIONRAW MATERIALS INSPECTION

It is done for the raw materials which are It is done for the raw materials which are

used in the apparel production like used in the apparel production like fabric, fabric,

sewing thread, button, other accessories sewing thread, button, other accessories

etc.etc.

It is also termed as It is also termed as ‘incoming material ‘incoming material

inspectioninspection..

Normally this is mainly done for fabrics Normally this is mainly done for fabrics

using using 4 point system or 10 point system. 4 point system or 10 point system.

ONLINE OR IN-PROCESS INSPECTIONONLINE OR IN-PROCESS INSPECTION

This is done during the This is done during the manufacturing process so manufacturing process so

that if there is any problem in the process that if there is any problem in the process that that

will be rectified in that stage itself.will be rectified in that stage itself.

This will be carried out by the This will be carried out by the quality controllers quality controllers

periodically say periodically say every two or three hoursevery two or three hours..

They will check the measurement and defects They will check the measurement and defects

and make the and make the inspection report which will be inspection report which will be

intimated to the production in-charge.intimated to the production in-charge.

FINAL INSPECTIONFINAL INSPECTION

This inspection is done after This inspection is done after the goods are the goods are

manufactured and packed in carton boxes manufactured and packed in carton boxes and and

which are ready for the shipment.which are ready for the shipment.

The goods are inspected and will be graded as The goods are inspected and will be graded as

per per acceptable quality level (AQL) acceptable quality level (AQL) which is which is

prescribed by the buyer.prescribed by the buyer.

The The goods can be shipped after the final goods can be shipped after the final

inspection is passed. inspection is passed.

QUALITY INSPECTION IN APPAREL QUALITY INSPECTION IN APPAREL INDUSTRIES INDUSTRIES

IN SAMPLE MAKING SECTION IN SAMPLE MAKING SECTION

IN-MARKER MAKING SECTION IN-MARKER MAKING SECTION

INSPECTION IN FABRIC SPREADING SECTION INSPECTION IN FABRIC SPREADING SECTION

INSPECTION IN FABRIC CUTTING SECTION INSPECTION IN FABRIC CUTTING SECTION

INSPECTION IN FABRIC SEWN SECTION INSPECTION IN FABRIC SEWN SECTION

INSPECTION IN PRESSING & FINISHING SECTION INSPECTION IN PRESSING & FINISHING SECTION

QUALITY INSPECTION IN SAMPLINGQUALITY INSPECTION IN SAMPLING

MAINTAINING BUYER SPECIFICATION STANDARD MAINTAINING BUYER SPECIFICATION STANDARD

CHECKING THE SAMPLE AND ITS DIFFERENT ISSUES CHECKING THE SAMPLE AND ITS DIFFERENT ISSUES

MEASUREMENTS CHECKING MEASUREMENTS CHECKING

FABRIC COLOR, GSM, FASTNESS ETC PROPERTIES FABRIC COLOR, GSM, FASTNESS ETC PROPERTIES REQUIRED CHECKING REQUIRED CHECKING

SPI AND OTHER PARAMETER CHECKING SPI AND OTHER PARAMETER CHECKING

ANY OTHER DETAILING CHECKINGANY OTHER DETAILING CHECKING

QUALITY CONTROL IN MARKER MAKINGQUALITY CONTROL IN MARKER MAKING

TO CHECK NOTCH OR DRILL MARK TO CHECK NOTCH OR DRILL MARK

FABRIC WIDTH MUST BE HIGHER THAN MARKER FABRIC WIDTH MUST BE HIGHER THAN MARKER WIDTH WIDTH

FABRIC LENGTH MUST BE HIGHER THAN MARKER FABRIC LENGTH MUST BE HIGHER THAN MARKER LENGTH LENGTH

MATCHING OF GREEN LINE MATCHING OF GREEN LINE

CHECK PATTERN SIZE AND DIMENSION CHECK PATTERN SIZE AND DIMENSION

MATCHING OF CHECK AND STRIPE TAKING INTO MATCHING OF CHECK AND STRIPE TAKING INTO CONSIDERATION CONSIDERATION

CONSIDERING GARMENTS PRODUCTION PLAN CONSIDERING GARMENTS PRODUCTION PLAN

PATTERN DIRECTION CONSIDERATION PATTERN DIRECTION CONSIDERATION

FABRIC SPREADING ACCORDING TO CORRECT FABRIC SPREADING ACCORDING TO CORRECT

ALIGNMENT WITH MARKER LENGTH AND WIDTH ALIGNMENT WITH MARKER LENGTH AND WIDTH

MAINTAIN REQUIREMENTS OF SPREADING MAINTAIN REQUIREMENTS OF SPREADING

LAY CONTAINS CORRECT NUMBER OF FABRIC PLY LAY CONTAINS CORRECT NUMBER OF FABRIC PLY

CORRECT PLY DIRECTION CORRECT PLY DIRECTION

TO CONTROL THE FABRIC SPLICING TO CONTROL THE FABRIC SPLICING

TENSION CONTROL TENSION CONTROL

QUALITY CONTROL IN FABRIC SPREADINGQUALITY CONTROL IN FABRIC SPREADING

The dimension of the pattern and the cut piece should be same and accurate The dimension of the pattern and the cut piece should be same and accurate

CUT EDGE SHOULD BE SMOOTH AND CLEAN CUT EDGE SHOULD BE SMOOTH AND CLEAN

NOTCH SHOULD BE CUT FINELY NOTCH SHOULD BE CUT FINELY

DRILL HOLE SHOULD MADE AT PROPER PLACE DRILL HOLE SHOULD MADE AT PROPER PLACE

NO YARN FRAYING SHOULD OCCUR AT CUT EDGE NO YARN FRAYING SHOULD OCCUR AT CUT EDGE

AVOID BLADE DEFLECTION AVOID BLADE DEFLECTION

MAINTAIN CUTTING ANGLE MAINTAIN CUTTING ANGLE

QUALITY CONTROL IN FABRIC CUTTINGQUALITY CONTROL IN FABRIC CUTTING

MORE SKILLED OPERATOR USING MORE SKILLED OPERATOR USING

INPUT MATERIAL INPUT MATERIAL CHECKING CHECKING

SPECIAL WORK LIKE EMBROIDERY, PRINTING SPECIAL WORK LIKE EMBROIDERY, PRINTING PANEL CHECK PANEL CHECK

GARMENTS MEASUREMENT GARMENTS MEASUREMENT CHECK CHECK

SIZE MISTAKE CHECK SIZE MISTAKE CHECK

SHADE VARIATION WITHIN THE SHADE VARIATION WITHIN THE CLOTH CLOTH

CREASED OR WRINKLE APPEARANCE CONTROL CREASED OR WRINKLE APPEARANCE CONTROL

QUALITY CONTROL IN SEWING SECTIONQUALITY CONTROL IN SEWING SECTION

CUT PANEL AND ACCESSORIES CUT PANEL AND ACCESSORIES CHECKING CHECKING

MACHINE IS IN WELL CONDITION MACHINE IS IN WELL CONDITION THREAD COUNT THREAD COUNT CHECK CHECK

NEEDLE SIZE NEEDLE SIZE CHECKING CHECKING

STITCHING FAULT SHOULD BE STITCHING FAULT SHOULD BE CHECKED CHECKED

SEAM FAULT CHECK SEAM FAULT CHECK

MISMATCHING MATCHING OF MISMATCHING MATCHING OF TRIMMING TRIMMING

WRONG PLACEMENT OF WRONG PLACEMENT OF INTERLINING INTERLINING

Proper inspection of the garments including measurement, spot, dirt, Proper inspection of the garments including measurement, spot, dirt, impurities Water spot impurities Water spot

IN SECURED OR BROKEN CHAIN OR IN SECURED OR BROKEN CHAIN OR BUTTON BUTTON

PROPERLY DRIED IN AFTER PROPERLY DRIED IN AFTER PRESSING PRESSING

GET UP CHECKING GET UP CHECKING

QUALITY CONTROL IN FINISHING SECTIONQUALITY CONTROL IN FINISHING SECTION

SHADING VARIATION SHADING VARIATION CHECK CHECK

SMOOTH AND UNFOLD IN SMOOTH AND UNFOLD IN POCKET POCKET

PROPER SHAPE IN PROPER SHAPE IN GARMENTS GARMENTS

WANTED WRINKLE OR FOLD IN WANTED WRINKLE OR FOLD IN LINING LINING

COLLAR CLOSING COLLAR CLOSING

SIDE SIDE SEAM SEAM EVERY PARTS OF A EVERY PARTS OF A BODYBODY

WRONG FOLD WRONG FOLD

SLEEVE PLACKET SLEEVE PLACKET ATTACH ATTACH

CUFF CUFF ATTACH ATTACH

BOTTOM HEM BOTTOM HEM

BACK YOKEBACK YOKE

• Done through Done through Fabric Inspection machineFabric Inspection machine..

• Very important for every industries . Very important for every industries .

• In fabric inspection their checks several things i.e. in fabric In fabric inspection their checks several things i.e. in fabric are there any are there any defect available defect available or not. In fabric, fabric or not. In fabric, fabric defects viz. defects viz. off shade off shade or or shade variationshade variation, , hole in fabrichole in fabric, , barre effect barre effect etc. can be visual after entering into the store etc. can be visual after entering into the store room. For those defects it will be problem able for making room. For those defects it will be problem able for making garments making. garments making.

• In fabric inspection, also test In fabric inspection, also test fabric strengthfabric strength, , colorcolor, , quantity quantity

• To check fabric there are different system i.e. 4 point To check fabric there are different system i.e. 4 point system, 10 point system etc.system, 10 point system etc.

FABRIC INSPECTIONFABRIC INSPECTION

FABRIC INSPECTIONFABRIC INSPECTION

FABRIC INSPECTIONFABRIC INSPECTION

FABRIC INSPECTIONFABRIC INSPECTION

During stitching fabric frequently brakeage of sewing During stitching fabric frequently brakeage of sewing thread is one of the great problems for garments thread is one of the great problems for garments manufacturing. manufacturing.

So that it is necessary to check So that it is necessary to check

•THREAD CONSTRUCTION, THREAD CONSTRUCTION, •SEWABILITY, SEWABILITY, •COLOR, COLOR, •IMPERFECTION,IMPERFECTION,•FINISH, PACKAGEFINISH, PACKAGE•THREAD NUMBER, THREAD NUMBER, •THREAD PLY,THREAD PLY,•THREAD TENACITY, THREAD TENACITY, •THREAD ELONGATION, THREAD ELONGATION, •WINDING, WINDING, •YARDAGE OF SEWING THREAD. YARDAGE OF SEWING THREAD.

SEWING THREAD INSPECTIONSEWING THREAD INSPECTION

The final quality of any garment is also affected by trims The final quality of any garment is also affected by trims and accessories applied in it. and accessories applied in it.

So that it is necessary to check So that it is necessary to check

•BUTTON,BUTTON,•ZIPPERSZIPPERS•INTERLINING,INTERLINING,•LABEL & LABEL & •TAGS TAGS also need to check so that quality can be maintain also need to check so that quality can be maintain according to required quality.according to required quality.

FOR BUTTON, FOR BUTTON, •BUTTON STRENGTH,BUTTON STRENGTH,•BUTTON COLOR,BUTTON COLOR,•QUANTITY ETC ARE CHECKED.QUANTITY ETC ARE CHECKED.

TRIMS AND ACCESSORIES INSPECTIONTRIMS AND ACCESSORIES INSPECTION

• Inspecting different parts of garments before sewing are called in process inspection.

• It starts from marker making, than fabric spreading, fabric cutting, fabric sewing, pressing or finishing checking is done in process.

• MARKER MAKINGMARKER MAKING• FABRIC SPREADINGFABRIC SPREADING• FABRIC CUTTINGFABRIC CUTTING• SORTING/ BUNDLINGSORTING/ BUNDLING• FABRIC SEWINGFABRIC SEWING• SEAM DEFECTSSEAM DEFECTS• ASSEMBLY DEFECTSASSEMBLY DEFECTS• PRESSING/ FINISHING DEFECTSPRESSING/ FINISHING DEFECTS

IN PROCESS INSPECTIONIN PROCESS INSPECTION

2. Distorted Grading:2. Distorted Grading:•Unbalanced patterns Unbalanced patterns which would cause which would cause twisted twisted seamsseams,,•puckeringpuckering,,•pleatingpleating and and •a general a general uneconomical yardage uneconomical yardage waste.waste.

PATTERN GRADING DEFECTSPATTERN GRADING DEFECTS1. Grade Not Conforming to Specification 1. Grade Not Conforming to Specification measurementsmeasurements•Finished product Finished product not measuring to not measuring to specified specified dimensiondimension•component parts component parts not fitting in relationship to not fitting in relationship to notches, notches, •openingsopenings and and seams seams such as armholes sleeve such as armholes sleeve heads neck bands, heads neck bands, •neck openings neck openings and and side seams inseams, side seams inseams, •waist measurements waist measurements and etc.and etc.

MARKERMARKER

MARKER INSPECTIONMARKER INSPECTION

• • It is necessary to check all the It is necessary to check all the parts of garments parts of garments pattern pattern are in marker.are in marker.

• • In marker In marker labellinglabelling or or codingcoding of pattern should be of pattern should be checkedchecked

• • Pattern direction Pattern direction should be checked.should be checked.

• • Pattern Pattern grain line grain line is very important thing which must be is very important thing which must be considered during marker making.considered during marker making.

• • During marker making every During marker making every pattern pieces dimension pattern pieces dimension should be accurate.should be accurate.

• • During marker making During marker making fabric length fabric length and and widthwidth should be should be considered.considered.

MARKER INSPECTIONMARKER INSPECTION

••Notches & drill marksNotches & drill marks

••Knife clearanceKnife clearance

••Checks and stripes (mittering)Checks and stripes (mittering)

••Marker widthMarker width

MARKING DEFECTS MARKING DEFECTS Shaded Parts:-All component pans not included in same section.Pieces not Symmetrical:-Will not sew together without puckering or pleating.

Not Marked by Directional Lines:-Bias will not lit together, causing twisting, puckering. pleating and a general mismatching of component parts.

Skimpy marking:-Marker did not use outside perimeter of pattern.

Notches and Punch Marks:-Left out., not clearly marked or misplaced.

Marker Too Wide:-Parts will not catch in lay, causing skimpy garments or requiring results.

MARKER DEFECTS MARKER DEFECTS Pattern moved after partially marked to fit into Pattern moved after partially marked to fit into space.space.

Marker Too Narrow:-Marker Too Narrow:-Results In wasted materialResults In wasted material

Mismatched Plaids-Mismatched Plaids-Marker did not block component Marker did not block component parts to match.parts to match.

Misdirected Napping:-Misdirected Napping:-Patterns not marked in same Patterns not marked in same direction and napped fabrics.direction and napped fabrics.

SPREADINGSPREADING

Factors which must be checkedFactors which must be checked•Fabric NatureFabric Nature•Ply alignmentPly alignment•Ply tension/slacknessPly tension/slackness•BowingBowing•SplicingSplicing•Grain-lineGrain-line•Shade variationShade variation•Selvedge alignment & tightnessSelvedge alignment & tightness•Fabric widthFabric width•ChecksChecks•Static electricityStatic electricity

SPREADING INSPECTIONSPREADING INSPECTION

1.1. Uneven SpreadingUneven Spreading:-:-Front edge Front edge of of lay is not even, lay is not even, resulting in front or back edge of marker not catching resulting in front or back edge of marker not catching all ply.all ply.

2.2. Narrow MaterialNarrow Material:-:-Bolts or rolls of material too narrow Bolts or rolls of material too narrow to cover marker width.to cover marker width.

3.3. Missed Sectional BreaksMissed Sectional Breaks:-Sectional marker breaks :-Sectional marker breaks too long or too short. Parts in lay will be short or too long or too short. Parts in lay will be short or material wasted.material wasted.

4.4. Improper TensionImproper Tension:-Cloth spread too tight or too :-Cloth spread too tight or too loose, causing parts not to fit in sewing or distorting loose, causing parts not to fit in sewing or distorting dimensions of garments.dimensions of garments.

5.5. Mismatching PlaidsMismatching Plaids:-:-Material spread too loose or too Material spread too loose or too tight causing plaid lines to run diagonally or bow.tight causing plaid lines to run diagonally or bow.

6.6. Misdirected NappingMisdirected Napping:-:-Air pockets not removed. Air pockets not removed. Napped material reversed in spreading.Napped material reversed in spreading.

7.7. Improper Matching of Face of MaterialImproper Matching of Face of Material:-Not :-Not spread face down, face up or face to face as required.spread face down, face up or face to face as required.

SPREADING DEFECTSSPREADING DEFECTS

FRAYED EDGEFRAYED EDGE

FUZZY, RAGGED OR SERRATED EDGESFUZZY, RAGGED OR SERRATED EDGES

Marker MakingMarker Making↓↓

Fabric SpreadingFabric Spreading↓↓

Placing Marker Paper on to the LayPlacing Marker Paper on to the Lay↓↓

Fabric CuttingFabric Cutting↓↓

NumberingNumbering↓↓

100% checking & Parts Replacing if needed.100% checking & Parts Replacing if needed.↓↓

Shorting & BundlingShorting & Bundling↓↓

Sewing/AssemblingSewing/Assembling

CUTTING INSPECTIONCUTTING INSPECTION

••Ply to ply fusionPly to ply fusion

••Single edge fusionSingle edge fusion

••Pattern precisionPattern precision

••Notches & drillersNotches & drillers

••Cutting Equipment precisionCutting Equipment precision

CUTTING INSPECTIONCUTTING INSPECTION

1.1. Misplaced Piece Rate Tickets or Bundle MembersMisplaced Piece Rate Tickets or Bundle Members:-:-Attached to, or Attached to, or marked on, marked on, wrong bundles, causing mixed sizes wrong bundles, causing mixed sizes or land shades.or land shades.

2.2. Drill MarksDrill Marks:-:-Drill marks misplaced, Drill marks misplaced, not perpendicularnot perpendicular, omitted or , omitted or wrong side drill used. wrong side drill used.

3.3. Opening SlitsOpening Slits:-:-Cut under above to the side or at Cut under above to the side or at incorrect angleincorrect angle. . Not cut through entire bundle or omitted.Not cut through entire bundle or omitted.

4.4. Improper CuttingImproper Cutting:-:-Not following marker lines, resulting in Not following marker lines, resulting in distorted parts. Letting knife lean causing top and bottom ply to distorted parts. Letting knife lean causing top and bottom ply to be of different sizes.be of different sizes.

5.5. NotchesNotches:-:-Misplaced, too deep, too shallow Misplaced, too deep, too shallow or omitted.or omitted.

6.6. Oil Spots:-Oil Spots:-Equipment Equipment improperly oiled improperly oiled or cleaned.or cleaned.

7.7. Improper Knife Sharpening:-Improper Knife Sharpening:-Causing ragged, frayed Causing ragged, frayed or fused or fused edges on bundles.edges on bundles.

CUTTING DEFECTSCUTTING DEFECTS

It is necessary to check numbering, sorting, It is necessary to check numbering, sorting, and bundling is done accurately.and bundling is done accurately.

SORTING/ BUNDLINGSORTING/ BUNDLING

DEFECTSDEFECTS

1.1. Not Stacked in Numerical Order: Not Stacked in Numerical Order: Bundle numbers not in order on rack Bundle numbers not in order on rack skid or box.skid or box.

2.2. Matching Linings: Matching Linings: Wrong size or Wrong size or wrong material.wrong material.

• Stitching DefectsStitching Defects• Needle damageNeedle damage• Skipped stitchSkipped stitch• Thread breaksThread breaks• Seam puckerSeam pucker• Wrong stitch densityWrong stitch density• Uneven stitchUneven stitch• Staggered stitchStaggered stitch• Improperly formed Improperly formed

stitchstitch

SEWING INSPECTIONSEWING INSPECTION

Skip stitchesSkip stitches

•Improper threading.•Poor clamping or insufficient pressure (flagging).•The needle needs replacing.•Wrong size needle.•Wrong type of needle for the material.•Lubrication.•Wrong thread for the application.•Poor quality thread.•Needle size and thread weight are mismatched.•Worn thread guides, paths or eyelets