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The 25th Annual APAO Congress officially kicks off today with an assortment of activities to educate and delight. O phthalmologists can look forward to a bevy of sub- specialty day sessions today involving cataract and refractive surgery, glaucoma topics, and vitreo-retinal surgery, as well as APAO scientific sessions. The day winds down with the Presidential Dinner today at 6:30 pm, which concludes at 9:30 pm. Excluding today, the rest of the APAO congress also is jam packed with breakfast symposia, beginning at 8:00 am each day and concluding at 8:45 am, as well as scientific ses- sions and live surgery throughout the day. Lunch symposia take place from 1 pm to 2 pm each day, including today. Be sure not to miss either the Opening Ceremony from 4:30 pm to 6 pm on Friday, September 17, or the Gala Dinner from 6:30 pm to 9:30 pm on Saturday, September 18. Stop in to peruse the Congress exhibition from Thursday through Sunday, 9 am to 5:30 pm, in Ballroom A, B, and C as well as Plenary Hall A and B. The 25th APAO Congress is a joint meeting of the APAO and AAO, and also is held in conjunc- tion with the 15th Congress of the Chinese Ophthalmological Society. The APAO, meanwhile, marks its APAO Congress celebrates 25 years starting today Congress President welcomes delegates continued on page 3 by Chiles Aedam R. Samaniego EyeWorld Asia-Pacific Senior Staff Writer by Matt Young EyeWorld Contributing Editor W ith over 3,000 years of history, Beijing is China's cultural and economic hub. It is for this reason, said Li Xiaoxin, M.D., current President of the Chinese Ophthalmological Society (COS), that the capital was chosen as the site of the 25th APAO/AAO Congress and the 15th Congress of the COS. “Here, we have massive scholas- tic, historic, cultural scenery, as well as warm and hospitable hosts,” she said in a welcome message delivered in Mandarin to participants of the two meetings. Mainland China is hosting the international ophthalmologic meet- ing for the first time. Dr. Li also serves as Congress President. Meanwhile, with over 6,000 del- egates, including 1,000 visitors from other countries, Dr. Li called the 15th Congress of the COS the “first and biggest meeting” to be held in China. She expressed “extreme joy” at welcoming “friends from afar.” “I believe at this distinguished meet- ing, there will be great opportuni- ties to meet old friends and to make more new friends,” she said. Ophthalmologists from all over the world, she said, are here to share their skills and experiences, increase friendship, expand cooper- ation and promote the advance- ment of ophthalmology. “Ultimately,” she said, “the ben- Thursday, September 16, 2010 5th Anniversary Edition The News Magazine of APACRS and COS eficiaries are our patients.” Dr. Li thanked all the invited speakers, the members of the organ- izing committee and volunteers, and all the delegates for their “strong support” to make the meet- ing a success. She also expressed deep appreciation for the attention and support from the ophthalmic industry, saying their efforts will “inevitably promote greater oph- thalmic development in China.” Inviting all the delegates to “enjoy this cordial, friendly meet- ing,” she expressed hope that this meeting, held during the “2010 Golden Autumn in Beijing,” would bring them many wonderful memories.
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Page 1: APAO Beijing - issue 1

The 25th Annual APAO Congressofficially kicks off today withan assortment of activities toeducate and delight.

Ophthalmologists can lookforward to a bevy of sub-specialty day sessions todayinvolving cataract and

refractive surgery, glaucoma topics,and vitreo-retinal surgery, as well asAPAO scientific sessions. The daywinds down with the PresidentialDinner today at 6:30 pm, whichconcludes at 9:30 pm.

Excluding today, the rest of theAPAO congress also is jam packedwith breakfast symposia, beginningat 8:00 am each day and concludingat 8:45 am, as well as scientific ses-

sions and live surgery throughoutthe day. Lunch symposia take placefrom 1 pm to 2 pm each day,including today.

Be sure not to miss either theOpening Ceremony from 4:30 pmto 6 pm on Friday, September 17, orthe Gala Dinner from 6:30 pm to9:30 pm on Saturday, September 18.

Stop in to peruse the Congressexhibition from Thursday throughSunday, 9 am to 5:30 pm, inBallroom A, B, and C as well asPlenary Hall A and B.

The 25th APAO Congress is ajoint meeting of the APAO andAAO, and also is held in conjunc-tion with the 15th Congress of theChinese Ophthalmological Society.The APAO, meanwhile, marks its

APAO Congress celebrates 25 years starting today

Congress President welcomes delegates

continued on page 3

by Chiles Aedam R. Samaniego EyeWorld Asia-Pacific Senior Staff Writer

by Matt Young EyeWorld Contributing Editor

With over 3,000 yearsof history, Beijing isChina's cultural andeconomic hub. It isfor this reason, said

Li Xiaoxin, M.D., current Presidentof the Chinese OphthalmologicalSociety (COS), that the capital waschosen as the site of the 25thAPAO/AAO Congress and the 15thCongress of the COS.

“Here, we have massive scholas-tic, historic, cultural scenery, as wellas warm and hospitable hosts,” shesaid in a welcome message deliveredin Mandarin to participants of thetwo meetings.

Mainland China is hosting theinternational ophthalmologic meet-ing for the first time. Dr. Li also

serves as Congress President.Meanwhile, with over 6,000 del-

egates, including 1,000 visitors fromother countries, Dr. Li called the15th Congress of the COS the “firstand biggest meeting” to be held inChina.

She expressed “extreme joy” atwelcoming “friends from afar.” “Ibelieve at this distinguished meet-ing, there will be great opportuni-ties to meet old friends and to makemore new friends,” she said.

Ophthalmologists from all overthe world, she said, are here toshare their skills and experiences,increase friendship, expand cooper-ation and promote the advance-ment of ophthalmology.

“Ultimately,” she said, “the ben-

Thursday, September 16, 2010

5th Anniversary EditionThe News Magazine of APACRS and COS

eficiaries are our patients.”Dr. Li thanked all the invited

speakers, the members of the organ-izing committee and volunteers,and all the delegates for their“strong support” to make the meet-ing a success. She also expresseddeep appreciation for the attentionand support from the ophthalmicindustry, saying their efforts will“inevitably promote greater oph-thalmic development in China.”

Inviting all the delegates to“enjoy this cordial, friendly meet-ing,” she expressed hope that thismeeting, held during the “2010Golden Autumn in Beijing,” wouldbring them many wonderfulmemories.

APAO Beijing 2010 Daily_Thursday-DL_0428 EWDaily_01-21 ASCRS NEWS_11x15-dl.qxd 9/15/10 5:21 AM Page 1

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1. TECNIS® Foldable Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens [package insert]. Santa Ana, Calif: Abbott Medical Optics Inc.TECNIS, ProTEC and Tri-Fix are trademarks owned by or licensed to Abbott Laboratories, its subsidiaries or affiliates.©2010 Abbott Medical Optics Inc., Santa Ana, CA 92705 www.AbbottMedicalOptics.com2009.03.04-CT884-CHI

APAO Beijing 2010 Daily_Thursday-DL_0428 EWDaily_01-21 ASCRS NEWS_11x15-dl.qxd 9/15/10 11:31 AM Page 2

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www.AbbottMedicalOptics.com

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EyeWorld Asia-Pacific Today / September 16, 2010 3

APAO - continued from page 1

50th anniversary this yearJialiang Zhao, M.D., vice presi-

dent of APAO, is particularly excitedthat the APAO Congress takes placein China this year.

“The APAO is held for the firsttime in Beijing in China,” he said inan interview with EyeWorld. “So thismeeting I think is important for us.”

Dr. Zhao has been practicingmedicine in China since the 1970sand is enthusiastic both about thenumber of Chinese ophthalmolo-gists attending APAO this year aswell as the subject matters dis-cussed.

Dr. Zhao expects a great delegateturnout to attend the APAOCongress this year, with about 4,000Chinese ophthalmologists in atten-dance out of an estimated 28,000ophthalmologists nationwide.

“We have a Chinese [language]program and also an English pro-gram to meet different ophthalmol-ogists’ needs,” Dr. Zhao said of theAPAO meeting.

Personally, Dr. Zhao is enthusi-astic about topics related to the pre-vention of blindness.

“I’m very involved in the pre-vention of blindness,” Dr. Zhao said.“That’s my interest.”

That’s also the interest of manynon-Chinese ophthalmologists, whoare travelling far and wide to be atAPAO.

Audrey R. Talley-Rostov, M.D.,Northwest Eye Surgeons, Seattle,said she is excited about learningfrom colleagues across the globe atthe APAO Congress, and also travel-ling to Kunming, China, as well asShantou, China, afterwards to helpeducate local ophthalmologists, whowill then go on to educate othersand help perform more and bettercataract surgeries.

“It’s important to increase theamount and level of cataract surgerythroughout China since cataract stilla leading cause of blindness,” Dr.Talley-Rostov said.

This isn’t Dr. Talley-Rostov’s firsttime to Asia, and it isn’t her firsttime training other ophthalmolo-gists either.

“In March of 2009, I spent amonth helping to train cornea sur-geons in southern India in moderncorneal transplant techniques,” Dr.Talley-Rostov said. “India doesabout 10 times the amount of

cataract surgery that China does.India is basically ready for nextlevel.”

Still, she believes cataract sur-

gery is at the root of all blindnessevil.

“If you don’t have the infra-structure for cataract surgery, you’re

not going to be able to have it forcorneal blindness,” Dr. Talley-Rostov said.

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4 EyeWorld Asia-Pacific Today / September 16, 2010

Today’s Beijing may be abustling metropolis full ofswank eateries and indul-gent shops, but it’s alsosteeped in tradition, full of

ancient Chinese architecture andeducational museums on Chinesemilitary and art. Below is a list ofplaces to take in before headinghome.

Architectural Sights

The Forbidden CityLocation: 4 Jingshan Qianjie Phone: (10) 6513-2255Hours: Daily 8:30 AM to 5 PM Website: www.dpm.org.cn

The Forbidden City, or thePalace Museum, is so-called becauseit was completely off-limits to mostof the world for 500 years. Now,though, it stands as the largest clus-ter of the most well-preservedancient buildings in China. The for-mer palace living quarters functionas museums and include exhibitssuch as the hall of clocks, jadegallery, and silver and gold gallery.There are also several ornate build-ings called “halls” that showcasetraditional ancient Chinese architec-ture and décor. It’s important tonote that you do not need an offi-cial guide to view the ForbiddenCity, despite some reports to thecontrary. Photographs are notallowed unless you are given per-mission beforehand.

Tiananmen SquareLocation: Just West of 3

3 East Chang’an AvenuePhone: (10) 6524-3322

Tiananmen Square isn’t onlynotable because it’s the world’slargest public square; it also pro-vides quick access to many ofBeijing’s most significant historicalmonuments. The square is locatedin the center of Beijing and has noexact address. It’s best to take thesubway or walk to the square; taxisaren’t allowed to go near it.Monuments surrounding the squareinclude: the Gate of Heavenly Peace,the Museum of Chinese History, theMuseum of the Chinese Revolution,the Great Hall of the People, theFront Gate, the Chairman MaoMausoleum, and the Monument tothe People’s Heroes.

The Gate of Heavenly Peace Location: On the Chang’an Boulevard,

west of Wangfujing

This famous monument, whichis widely used as a national symboland harbors great political and his-torical significance, was erected dur-ing the Ming Dynasty in 1420. TheGate of Heavenly Peace is oftenreferred to as the front entrance tothe Forbidden City, so make sure tostop by on your way to the PalaceMuseum. Like other buildings of theempire, the gate has unique imperialroof decorations and is guarded bytwo lion statues on either side.Visitors are allowed to climb thegate for an excellent view ofTiananmen Square for a small fee.

Summer PalaceLocation: 19 Xinjian Gongmen, Yuquan ShanPhone: (10) 6288-1144Hours: Daily 8:30 AM to 5 PM

The Summer Palace is a gor-geous landscape featuring 2.9square kilometers of temples, gar-dens, pavilions, lakes, and corridors.Most of the Summer Palace land isdominated by Longevity Hill, whichharbors a number of magnificentbuildings such as the Cloud-Dispelling Hall, the Temple ofBuddhist Virtue, and the Sea ofWisdom Temple. The palace is wide-ly known to be the paramountexample of Chinese landscapingand design in Beijing and is a mustsee.

The Old Summer PalaceLocation: 28 Qinghua Xilu, WudaokouPhone: (10) 6262-8501Hours: Daily 7 AM to 7 PM

The original Summer Palace waslaid out in the 12th century, and allthat’s left of it is ruins of brokencolumns and pieces of marble. Anumber of ruins can be viewed atthe Old Summer Palace, includingGreat Fountain Ruins and the oldGarden of Yellow Flowers labyrinth.The palace grounds cover a widearea, so be prepared to do somewalking.

Museums & Galleries

Beijing Ancient Architecture Museum Location: Xiannong Altar, 21 Dongjing Lu,

ChóngwénPhone: (10) 6304-5608Hours: Tuesday through Sunday, 9 AM to 4 PM

If you’re curious about Chinesearchitecture, then the AncientArchitecture Museum is an excellentchoice. Exhibits include drawings,photos, material objects and elabo-rate scale models exploring ancientarchitecture development from mudhouses to palace buildings.

The Military Museum of the ChinesePeople’s Revolution Location: 9 Fuxing Road, Haidian DistrictPhone: (10) 6681-7161Hours: Daily 8 AM to 5 PM

The Military Museum is anessential stop for anyone with aninterest in military history.Composed of two four-story wingsadjacent to a seven-story mainbuilding, the museum containsmementos from the Chinese revolu-tion, the second and third Chineserevolutionary wars, the founding ofthe Communist Party, and theestablishment of the People’sRepublic of China. Actual Cold War-era F-5 fighters, tanks, and HQ-2(Red Flag-2) surface-to-air missilesare also featured in the museum.

The National Art Museum of ChinaLocation: 1 Wusi Dajie, East DistrictPhone: (10) 6400-6326Hours: Daily 9 AM to 5 PM

The National Art Museum has atruly impressive collection ofChinese art from 16th-century tradi-tional paintings to modern-day pot-tery. Other exhibits include carica-ture art, lacquer art, toys and kites.English captions can be sporadic.

The best of Beijing sightseeing by Faith Hayden EyeWorld Staff Writer

Enjoy the sights, sounds, and smells of Wangfujing Street. At dusk the bright neon displays takecontrol of the landscape. Enjoy retail therapy here, or something almost as good: window shopping.

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EyeWorld Asia-Pacific Today / September 16, 2010 5

How best to educate budding ophthalmologistsby Chiles Aedam R. Samaniego EyeWorld Asia-Pacific Senior Staff Writer

Since Charles Kelmanintroduced phacoemulsifi-cation in 1967, cataractsurgery has moved for-ward to become a routine

procedure for the experienced ante-rior segment ophthalmic surgeon.Over the years, the techniques andtechnologies that have advanced theprocedure to this point have beenfrequently examined and discussedin fine detail; what may be over-looked are the astonishing paralleldevelopments that take place, as itwere, “behind the scenes.” Moresophisticated cataract surgery alsohas given rise to more innovativetraining.

In 2007, Henderson and Ali pub-lished a review of the literature

available up to that point examiningthe methods of teaching and assess-ing competence and skill in cataractsurgery. They looked at the increas-ing emphasis on the requirement ofwet lab facilities; methods toimprove visualization of cadaver andanimal eyes, as with the use of cap-sular dyes; and the use of virtualreality and three-dimensional ani-mation in the training of oph-thalmic surgeons.

They stated that the properassessment of surgical competencyhad become an important focus intraining programs, a point thatremains pertinent today as cataractcontinues to be the most commoncause of preventable blindnessthroughout the world, the acknowl-edged “bread and butter” of oph-thalmic surgery practice.

The camera eye

One technological innovation thathas become a staple for training pro-grams and ophthalmology meetingsaround the world is the surgicalvideo. While perhaps not quite asspectacular as technologies like vir-tual reality simulation, the surgicalvideo remains an accessible andeffective means of teaching cataractsurgery.

The surgical video has theadvantage of capturing not justexamples of the ideal deployment ofrefined techniques and technologies,but also examples of a surgeon’s less-than-ideal experiences with veryspecific, sometimes unexpected situ-

ations that even the most skilledpractitioner may occasionallyencounter.

It thus remains one of the mostimportant sources of practical teach-ing points, helping make that cru-cial link between text-book theoryand real-world practice.

For educators, then, one of thebasic questions is: “How to makeand where to locate exciting videosfor ophthalmic education?”

The most obvious way is simplyto keep the camera rolling, a dictumthat is often repeated at the film fes-tivals that have become a staple ofthe various ophthalmology meetingsheld around the world.

Diving for pearls

The problem, however, remains:even as the maintenance of a com-plete video record of all your casesbecomes more and more feasible,with the massive amount of materialthat is bound to accumulate, partic-ularly in high volume practices suchas are typical in the Asia-Pacificregion, how do you know if you’vefound a real pearl, a video that willstimulate as well as educate the bud-ding ophthalmic surgeon?

Abhay Vasavada, M.D.,Research Director for the IladeviCataract & IOL Research Centre andthe Clinical Director and PrincipalTrainer for the Phacoemulsificationprogram: National and Internationalof the Raghudeep Eye Clinic inIndia, will explore this problem, pre-senting some examples of videos

from his own practice in a lecture atthe symposium, “Demonstratinginnovative technologies for oph-thalmic education,” held in room208A and 208B between 9 a.m. and10:30 a.m. today.

Dr. Vasavada will also be exam-ining the various methods currentlyavailable for teaching cataract sur-gery in his related lecture, “How toteach cataract surgery innovatively,”to be presented at the followingsymposium in the same roomsbetween 11:00 a.m. and 12:30 p.m.today.

In his lecture, Dr. Vasavada willemphasize the value of animationsand simple sketches that explicitlydemonstrate the technique, a well-structured step-by-step curriculumfor a trainee before beginninghands-on training, and instructionthrough the side assistant scope onthe operating microscope or screen.He will also discuss the role of com-puter-based software to learn thesurgical steps of rhexis and sculpt-ing, and the evaluation forms thatobjectively and subjectively auditthe surgical skill the trainee hasacquired during the trainingprocess, such as the evaluationforms by the Arvind Eye Hospital,Madurai, India, and those estab-lished by a panel of surgeons at theMassachusetts Eye and EarInfirmary: the Objective Assessmentof Skills in Intraocular Surgery(OASIS) and the Global RatingAssessment of Skills in IntraocularSurgery (GRASIS).

25th APAO Congress draws crowds to register

Dr. Abhay Vasavada

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6 EyeWorld Asia-Pacific Today / September 16, 2010

It’s inevitable.

Cases go wrong. Things head south. Sometimes, cataract surgeons

are faced with complications likeposterior capsular rupture.

“It happens when you doenough surgery,” said Audrey R.Talley-Rostov, M.D., Northwest EyeSurgeons, Seattle.

It’s also not the end of theworld. The case goes on, and can goon successfully following the right

protocol related to sulcus implanta-tion.

Dr. Talley-Rostov is slated tospeak today at the 25th APAOCongress sometime between 11 a.m.and 12:30 p.m. in Function Hall Aon the topic of “IOL implantationin the sulcus – do’s and don’ts.”

In fact, it’s more about the do’s,or as she says, about doing the “fourC’s,” which refer to capsular evalua-tion, choosing the IOL, calculating

for the sulcus, and centering theoptic.

First, Dr. Talley-Rostov said, cap-sular evaluation is critical to deter-mine how much capsulorhexis isleft.

“The posterior capsule has beenviolated,” Dr. Talley-Rostov said.“How much anterior capsule do Ihave available to me?” is an impor-tant question to ask, she said.

Second, she said, it’s important

to choose an IOL for the appropriatesulcus placement.

“You want something that’sgoing to be an IOL that’s a 3-pieceIOL with a rounded optic, not asquare-edged optic,” Dr. Talley-Rostov said. “The ideal IOL is 13.5mm in length. If you implant in thesulcus, you need something largerthan 13 mm.”

Haptics also should be angulat-

The four C’s of sulcus IOL implantationby Matt Young EyeWorld Contributing Editor

Turnaround for refractive nightmaresby Chiles Aedam R. Samaniego EyeWorld Asia-Pacific Senior Staff Writer

Intrastromal ring segments canbe used to treat mild to moder-ate myopia, and are useful forflattening the cone in cases of

keratoconus. Complications withthe procedure range from mild andclinically insignificant—such as tun-nel deposits and channel haze—toserious enough to warrant explanta-tion and further surgical interven-tion. Fortunately, current insertiontechniques make the more seriouscomplications—such as channelinfections and corneal melts—unusual, and they are not generallyassociated with the procedure.

Today, intrastromal ring seg-ments can be inserted eitherthrough traditional mechanicaltechniques, or through the use ofthe femtosecond laser. The laser isused to create a channel of precisesize and depth for the insertion ofthe intrastromal ring segment. Inaddition, unlike mechanical tech-niques, the femtosecond laser cre-ates a continuous 360-degree chan-

nel, a difference that, as it turns out,is of crucial importance in certainsituations.

The problem is that, even with afemtosecond laser channel, difficul-ty can occur at any point duringinsertion; instead of following thechannel, the ring segment can cre-ate a false plane. Further pushing atthat point only leads to the creationof a false channel and the collapseof the surgically dissected channel,creating a situation that AmarAgarwal, MS, FRCS, said can benothing short of a refractive night-mare.

Turning the tables

To manage these situations, Dr.Agarwal described a technique con-ceived by Soosan Jacob, MS, FRCS,one of Dr. Agarwal’s colleagues atDr. Agarwal’s Eye Hospital andResearch Centre in Chennai, India.

The turnaround technique takesadvantage of the 360-degree conti-nuity of the femtosecond laserchannel. On encountering any diffi-culty during insertion, rather thantrying to push it further, the seg-ment is removed, turned around,and inserted in the opposite direc-tion through the femtosecond laserchannel. Forceps are used toadvance the segment as far as thecurvature of the channel allows,after which the second ring segmentis used as an instrument to push thefirst segment further into the chan-nel.

The shape of the second seg-ment, said Dr. Agarwal, makes itthe perfect instrument for this

maneuver.A reverse Sinskey hook is then

used to manipulate the second seg-ment into the intended site ofimplantation.

Turnaround mechanics

An examination of the mechanics ofthis intraoperative complicationreveals why this technique works.

The difficulty arises when theintrastromal ring segment enters aplane different from the one createdsurgically. The cleavage of this newplane, said Dr. Agarwal, can be rec-ognized as progressively increasingdifficulty in insertion of the seg-ment.

“A wave-like deformity alongwith folds radiating from theadvancing edge of the segment isalso seen on the cornea,” said Dr.Agarwal.

Careful examination at thispoint reveals an internal lip in thecorneal stroma where the false chan-nel is initiated. The lip separates the

femtosecond laser channel from thefalse channel. More importantly, thelip acts as a guiding flap that con-founds the surgeon’s efforts to redi-rect the segment into the surgicalplane.

Inserting the segment in theopposite direction using the turn-around technique allows it to slideover and flatten this lip, causing thefalse channel to collapse and open-ing the femtosecond laser channel,so that the segment can slide intothe desired plane automatically.

The technique, said Dr. Agarwal,allows the successful insertion ofring segments in situations whichmay otherwise lead surgeons toabandon the procedure altogether.

Dr. Agarwal will be presentingthe technique today at the 25thAPAO Congress during the subspe-cialty day symposium on Refractivesurgery for today, which takes placebetween 9 a.m. and 10:30 a.m. inFunction Hall A.

The creation of a false channel can be rec-ognized by difficulty with insertion, radialfolds, and a wave-like deformity at theadvancing edge of the segment

Source: Amar Agarwal, MS, FRCS

A second intrastromal ring segment canbe the ideal instrument for pushing anintrastromal ring segment into place

Source: Amar Agarwal, MS, FRCSDr. Amar Agarwal

continued on page 7

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EyeWorld Asia-Pacific Today / September 16, 2010 7

Since March 2006, when theJournal of Cataract &Refractive Surgery pub-lished a preliminary report

on an ESCRS multicenter study ofendophthalmitis prophylaxis aftercataract surgery, debate has beenfierce over the use of intracameralversus topical agents. That report found a very signifi-

cantly beneficial effect of usingintracameral cefuroxime over lev-ofloxacin drops, finding the inci-dence of endophthalmitis to bealmost five times as high in the lev-ofloxacin group. But Francis S. Mah, M.D., co-

medical director, Charles T.Campbell OphthalmicMicrobiology Laboratory, Universityof Pittsburgh School of Medicine,Pittsburgh, continues to believe inthe power of topical antibiotics foruse as prophylaxis, and remainsskeptical about intracameral agentsfor a variety of reasons. To come to his conclusions, he

follows the timeline of bacterialinfection. “There is a question as far as

where is the bacteria coming from,”said Dr. Mah, who is slated to speakabout “The role of preoperativeantibiotics” at the 25th APAOCongress sometime between 9 a.m.and 10:30 a.m. in rooms 311A and311B on Friday, September 17. “One thought is that during

surgery, these bacteria are beingplaced inside the eye,” Dr. Mahsaid. “After the procedure, thesebacteria would then go on to multi-ply. The problem with that theory

is that bacteria multiply quickly. Wewould expect endophthalmitis tooccur within a day or two, not 4-7days later. The replication of bacte-ria happens faster than that.”Historically, the peak incidence

of endophthalmitis is between 4and 7 days postoperatively, withrecent evidence suggesting it’s morelike 9 days after surgery, Dr. Mahsaid. Meanwhile, intracameral agents

linger in the eye for about 2 hours. “The entire anterior chamber is

replaced in about 100 minutes,” Dr.Mah said. “So for a normal eye,complete replacement occurs in lessthan two hours.” If that’s the case, then intracam-

eral agents – which are used exclu-sively during surgery - simply aren’taround long enough in the eye toserve as effective prophylaxisagainst bacterial agents that buildtowards infection at between 4 and9 days postoperatively, Dr. Mahsaid. If the peak incidence of infec-

tion were earlier, it would stand toreason that bacteria introducedintraoperatively often is the causeof infection and intracameralagents should stop that, Dr. Mahsaid. This isn’t the case, he said. Instead, Dr. Mah believes most

infections result from bacteria locat-ed on the ocular surface. “Until the incision is healed,

there’s always a spot these bacteriacould enter,” Dr. Mah said. “Thereis evidence that clear corneal inci-sions [elevate] risk. India ink hasbeen shown to traverse a clearcorneal incision.”

Appropriate prophylaxis forthese lid organisms is topical antibi-otics, Dr. Mah said. “Use them preoperatively, with-

in a couple hours of surgery,” Dr.Mah said. “Postoperatively, usethem intensively for the first 24hours. Then use them for a weekuntil the incision is healed.”

Dr. Mah mentioned that he usesfourth-generation fluoroquinolonesas his topical antibiotics of choice.He also suggested the use of povi-done-iodine preoperatively is criti-cal. Using his approach, Dr. Mah

said he hasn’t “had a problem inmore than 10 years.”

Topical vs. intracameral antibiotics for infection controlby Matt Young EyeWorld Contributing Editor

ed posteriorly, she said.The problem with single-piece

IOLs in these situations is that theywill “chase the iris,” potentiallyleading to chronic inflammation,uveitis and increased IOP. “Avoid that,” she said. Third, depending on how the

IOL exactly is positioned, you mayhave to adjust the IOL calculation. For instance, in some cases of

sulcus implantation, the anteriorportion of the capsule will be intact. “Then you can actually prolapse

part of the 3-piece IOL behind the[capsule] circle,” Dr. Talley-Rostov

said. “So it’s sitting in the bag eventhough we know the bag is open.The IOL optic is fitting in the bro-ken bag but supported enoughbecause of the haptics in the sul-cus.” In this case, adjustment in IOL

calculation probably won’t be neces-sary. “If you’re able to do that, then

the optic portion is going to be inabout the same location as it wouldbe if the whole thing were placed inthe bag,” Dr. Talley-Rostov said.Instead, if the case involves an

extension or rip in the circular cap-

sule, “then you want to lay thewhole lens on top of the capsule,”Dr. Talley-Rostov said. “You’re goingto have to adjust the calculation forthe lens because it’s sitting in a dif-ferent position. If you use the sameIOL calculation for the lens in thebag…you’re going to end up withsome myopia – more than you bar-gained for. Add a diopter to whatyou normally would have placed inthe bag.” The last “C” involves centering

the optic, and that involves examin-ing the capsular extension.“Make sure the haptics are in an

area of maximum capsule support,”Dr. Talley-Rostov said. “Position thehaptics 90 degrees away from wherethe extension is. Otherwise it couldtilt and the optic won’t be centered.You might have to suture one orboth haptics to the iris to be surethe optic stays centered.” To learn about the don’ts of sul-

cus IOL implantation, be sure tocatch the rest of Dr. Talley-Rostov’spresentation today.

The four C’s - continued from page 6

Two views of post-op endophthalmitisSource: Nick Mamalis, M.D.

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Page 8: APAO Beijing - issue 1

Saturday, September 18

Maximizing CataractTechnologies for Today'sSurgeon Room: 309A (Level 3)

12:45 – 13:00 PM Registration and Reception13:00 – 14:00 PM Program

Moderators Han Bor FAM, MD and Ke YAO, MD

Faculty Y. Ralph CHU, MDMartin A. MAINSTER, MDGeorge H. BEIKO, MD

B E I J I N G C H I N A 2 0 1 0

China National Convention Center

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Sunday, September 19

Refractive Surgery - DrivingSuperior Patient OutcomesFunction Hall B (Level 1)

12:45 – 13:00 PM Registration and Reception13:00 – 14:00 PM Program

Moderators Michael C. KNORZ, MD and John CHANG, MD

Faculty Zheng WANG, MDTong SUN, MDMarguerite B. McDONALD, MD

AAggeennddaa13:00 Welcome Note – Han Bor FAM, MD

and Ke YAO, MD 13:05 Spherical Aberration and Decentration

of IOLs in the Market – Y. Ralph CHU, MD

13:15 Visual Function After Implantation of Aspheric Diffractive Multifocal IOLs – Ke YAO, MD

13:25 IOL Materials and the Many Myths of Blue-Blocking – Martin A. MAINSTER, MD

13:35 Optical Synergy: Tecnis Acrylic 1 Piece IOLs– George H. BEIKO, MD

13:45 Signature: Dual Pump and Ellips When YouShould Use It – Han Bor FAM, MD

13:55 Questions and Answers – Panel Discussion

14:00 Closing

AAggeennddaa13:00 Welcome Note – Michael C. KNORZ, MD

and John CHANG, MD13:05 Comparison of Biomechanical Influences of

Corneal Flaps Created Using Intralase and Hansatome – Zheng WANG, MD

13:15 Advancement in Femtosecond Lasers– John CHANG, MD

13:25 Bridging It All Together: Presbyopic Treatment – Michael C. KNORZ, MD

13:35 Wavefront-Guided Treatment For Superior Patient Outcomes – Tong SUN, MD

13:45 Patient Satisfaction and Outcomes with iLasik – Marguerite B. McDONALD, MD

13:55 Questions and Answers – Panel Discussion

14:00 Closing

APAO Beijing 2010 Daily_Thursday-DL_0428 EWDaily_01-21 ASCRS NEWS_11x15-dl.qxd 9/15/10 5:17 AM Page 8