Apache and SSL Presented by Paul Weinstein, Waubonsie Consulting, O’Reilly Open Source Convention July 24, 2002.

Apache and SSL

Presented by Paul Weinstein,Waubonsie Consulting,

<[email protected]>

O’Reilly Open Source Convention

July 24, 2002

Apache and SSL - Paul Weinstein - <[email protected]> - 2

Hello World

• Introduction• What Will Be Covered

o Review of SSLo Quick History of Apache and SSLo Apache 1.3.xo Apache 2.0.xo Cool Tricks of Apache and SSL

• What Won’t Be Covered


Disclaimer

It should be noted that this presentation does not cover all issues relating to securing networked based

machines and their content. This presentation is designed only to

introduce basic concepts and configuration of Apache and SSL.


SSL and TLS:

Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), developed by Netscape Communications, and Transport Layer Security (TLS), the open-standard replacement for SSL from the Internet Engineering Task

Force, are the two protocols that add encryption and authentication to

TCP/IP.


SSL and TLS:Two Main Features

• Ciphers; which enable the encryption of data between the client and server.

• Digital Certificates; which provide a method of authentication of a client and server.


SSL and TLS:Ciphers

• Symmetric (a.k.a. Secret-Key)

• Asymmetric (a.k.a. Public-Key)


SSL and TLS:Digital Certificates

• Advantage of Public-Key Encryption• Server Certificate• Client Certificate• Root Certificate

• Certificate Authorityo Public Certificate Authorityo Private Certificate Authority


Apache and SSL:A Timeline


* Platform Dependent

mod_ssl

• Support for SSL v2, v3 and TLS v1• Advance pass-phrase handling for

private keys• X.509 based digital certificates,

certificate generation, certificate revocation list

• Support for crypto acceleration hardware *

• Backward compatibility


* Source: E-Soft June 2002 Report, <http://www.securityspace.com>

mod_ssl

• Most Popular SSL Solution for Apacheo 1,098,542 of 4,577,603 or

23.99%*

• Second Only to PHP and Perl Overallo 43.71% and 24.11%*


Apache 1.3.x:mod_ssl

• Integrationo Needs EAPIo Can Build as

a DSOo OpenSSL

Toolkit


• Supports New Apache 2.0 Architecture• Included with the Apache 2.0.x source

code• To add mod_ssl when building Apache

o --enable-sslo --with-ssl=/path/to/OpenSSL/lib

Apache 2.0.x:mod_ssl


Transacting of payment information for consumer good(s) in a secure

manner between the customer and the business.

Apache and SSL:Cool Tricks - The Ubiquitous Online

Store



Store

• What We Need:o Enable mod_sslo Request a server certificate from

a public certificate authorityo Install server certificateo Add a CGI script to collect datao Configure access to CGI script via

HTTPS



Store

• What We Get:



Store

• What We Get:o The communication with the store is

secure. o The server on the other end,

decrypting the data is in fact the online store as identified by the server’s digital certificate and authenticated by a trusted third party.


Transacting of organizational information in a secure manner

between the organization’s groups and individuals.

Apache and SSL:Cool Tricks - An Organization’s

Intranet



Intranet

• What We Need:o Create a private certificate

authority using OpenSSLo Enable mod_sslo Request a server certificate from

the private certificate authorityo Install server certificate



Intranet

• What We Need:o Add a CGI script to collect datao Configure access to CGI script via

HTTPSo Install private certificate

authority's root certificateo Configure server to authenticate

clients based on certificates from private certificate authority



Intranet

• What We Need:o Sign client certificate requests &

install in client’s web browserso Install private certificate

authority’s root certificateo Authenticate servers based on

private certificate authority



Intranet

• What We Get:



Intranet

• What We Get:oThe communication within the

organization is secure.

oThe server on one end is in fact organization’s server - the information from is valid.

oThe client on the other end is in fact a member of the organization - the information has not been compromised.


Review of Apache and SSL

• SSL and TLS• History of Apache and SSL• Apache 1.3.x• Apache 2.0.x• Cool Tricks of Apache and SSL


Citation

• Engelschall, Ralf User Manual mod_ssl Version 2.8 Jan. 2001 <http://www.modssl.org/docs/2.8>

• mod_ssl: The Apache Interface to OpenSSL <http://www.modssl.org>


Citation

• Weinstein, Paul. "Web Security: Encryption & Authentication." Daemonnews (May 2001): 15 pars. <http://www.daemonnews.org/200105/ssl_apache.html>

• Weinstein, Paul "Web Security: Apache and mod_ssl." Daemonnews (June 2001): 15 pars. <http://www.daemonnews.org/200106/ssl_apache_pt2.html>


Suggested References

• This Presentation: o Article:

•Weinstein, Paul. “Apache and SSL” O’Reilly Network: ONLamp.com (April 2002): 24 pars. <http://www.onlamp.com/pub/a/onlamp/2002/04/18/ssl.html>


Suggested References• This Presentation:

o Slides:•<http://www.waubonsie.com>•<http://www.weinstein.org/

work/presentations/oscon02/apache_ssl> (HTML)

•<http://www.weinstein.org/work/presentations/oscon00/apache_ssl.pdf> (PDF)



• Apache Project, <http://www.apache.org>

• Apache Week, <http://www.apacheweek.com>



• mod_ssl Project, <http://www.modssl.org> o Mailing Lists, List Archives:

•<[email protected]>

•<[email protected]> o<http://

marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=apache-modssl>


Suggested References• OpenSSL Project, <http://www.openssl.org>

o Mailing Lists, List Archives: • <[email protected]>

o <http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=apache-modssl>

• <[email protected]> o <http://www.progressive-comp.com/

Lists/?l=openssl-cvs> • <[email protected]>

o <http://www.progressive-comp.com/Lists/?l=openssl-dev>

• <[email protected]> o

<http://www.progressive-comp.com/Lists/?l=openssl-users>

Apache and SSL Presented by Paul Weinstein, Waubonsie Consulting, O’Reilly Open Source Convention July 24, 2002.

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