AP Review--Economics--NEW.pptx

AP Review Session:Creating the Global Economy

Mr. MillhouseAP World History

Hebron High School

1 month to AP Test Get a review book.

Purple book from Ms. Gray or Mr. Millhouse

Princeton Review, Barron’s, etc.

Sign-up for a review website.

www.getafive.com

www.learnerator.com

Create a study group. Meet once a week during block lunch?

Play Taboo & Chronology (learn vocabulary & dates!)

Reviewing the Post-Classical Era

Silk Roads 2.0 & 3.0

2.0 was Arab Caliphates & Tang Dynasty3.0 was the Mongol Empire (Marco Polo & Ibn Battuta

Indian Ocean Trade

Trans-Saharan Trade

Mediterranean Trade

Turquoise Roads

Early Modern Erac.1450 – c.1750

Key Concept 4.1 Key Concept 4.1 – Globalizing Networks of Exchange

Intensification and disruption of existing trade regional networks including Indian Ocean, Mediterranean, Trans-Saharan, and overland Eurasia

European technological developments in cartography & navigation built upon previous classical, Islamic, and Asian technologies

Remarkable new transoceanic maritime reconnaissance occurred

Global circulation of goods was facilitated by royal-chartered European monopoly companies that took silver from Spanish colonies to…

Atlantic System... & mixing of African, American, & European cultures

For more information World History Crash Course #19

Key Concept 4.1 Key Concept 4.1 – Globalizing Networks of Exchange

Columbian Exchange

Crash Course World History #23

Spread and reform of existing religions and the creation of syncretic religions

Spread of Christianity & Protestant Reformation

Syncretic religions: Vodun (voodoo), Sikhism

Historical Evidence for Key Concept 4.1

Evidence for “Maritime Reconnaissance”

Specific voyages:• Zheng He• Prince Henry the

Navigator• Vasco da Gama• Christopher

Columbus• Manila galleons• British, Dutch, &

French exploration of the North Atlantic


European trade empires in the Indian Ocean

Map of the Dutch East India Company (V.O.C.)

An additional example would be the British East India Company in India

For more information use your 3S (silver, sugar, and spices) charts & Crash Course #229

Silver led to Globalization

The thick red line is the global flow of silver!

For more information use your 3S (silver, sugar, and spices) charts

Atlantic System & Commercial Revolution

Additional evidence:• Mercantilism• Joint-stock

companies• Plantation system• Slaves• Indentured servitude• New European

social classes:• Bourgeoisie• Proletariat

Columbian Exchange


Key Concept 4.2 Key Concept 4.2 – New Forms of Social Organization & Modes

of Production

Little Ice Age (14th century-19th century) changed agricultural practices & contraction of settlements in Northern Hemisphere

Peasant agriculture increased, plantations expanded, and demand for labor increased

As social & political elites changed, people also restructured ethnic, racial, and gender hierarchies

Historical Evidence for Key Concept 4.2

Ming Dynasty Economic Recovery

Increased production of silk textiles & porcelain

Increased demand for silk textiles for export intensified peasant labor

“Silver Sink”

Single-whip tax system increased demand for silver

Chinese demand for silver contributed to rise of world trade

Canton System

Limited trade to Macao/Canton

Atlantic Slave TradeRise of Plantation System in Caribbean, Brazil, & Southern colonies of British North America

Notice: Very few slaves were bound for mainland New Spain!


Economy of New Spain Encomiendas

Manorialism in New World

Plantation System

Uses African slaves

Haciendas

Large cattle ranches

Mining

“Heart of the Empire

Coercive labor (mita)

Value of Spanish gold and silver imports from 1515-1660


Other Notables Japanese silver production led to political unification, a decline

of the daimyo, and the rise of a merchant class.

Japan also isolated trade to only the Dutch at port of Nagasaki.

Russian expansion to the frontier led to the expansion and intensification of serfdom.

Under the Mughal Empire, India continued to dominate in the production of cotton textiles.

Europeans began to establish trade outposts along the coast of India.

AP Practice Prompt Discuss with the people sitting near you the potential

thesis categories for the following CCOT prompt. Which evidence would you use to support your categories?

Analyze continuities and changes in the commercial life of the Indian Ocean region from 650 C.E. to 1750 C.E.

The Modern Era1750-1914

Key Concept 5.1 Industrialization changed how goods were produced

Factors leading to the rise of industrial production

Development of machines & exploitation of fossil fuels

Factory system & increased specialization of labor

Second Industrial Revolution & new methods of production

New patterns of global trade as industrialization further integrated the global economy

Need for raw materials led to single export economies

Steam power increased manufacturing West; traditional areas of manufacturing declined (India & China)

Expansion of global trade (raw materials, finished goods, commodities)

Rise of extensive mining centers (gold & diamonds in South Africa)

Key Concept 5.1 Financiers developed ideas (capitalism) & institutions (stock markets,

insurance, etc.) to facilitate global economic investment

Rise of transnational businesses

Major developments in transportation and communication

Required examples: railroads, steamships, telegraphs, canals

Industrialization & global capitalism led to a variety of responses

Alternatives: socialism, Marxism, anarchism, welfare state

Role of government in industrialization (ex. China, Ottoman, Japan)

Changes in social organization caused by industrialization and restructuring of global economy

For more information Crash Course #214 & Crash Course #33

Related Key Concepts Key Concept 5.2 – Imperialism & Nation-State Formation

Industrialization and imperialism are directly related!

Key Concept 5.4 – Global Migration

For more information World History Crash Course #35 & #213

Required Factors for Industrial Production

Europe’s location on Atlantic Ocean

Geographical distribution of coal, iron, and timber

European demographic changes & urbanization

Improved agricultural productivity

Legal protection of private property

An abundance of rivers and canals

Access to foreign resources

Accumulation of capital

Sort these factors into common ideas!


Industrial Technology Mechanization of Weaving & Iron smelting

Cotton that took an Indian worker 500 hours to spin took a machine in England 80 minutes to spin

Bessemer steel process

Energy

Steam engine & internal combustion engine increased exploitation of fossil fuels (coal & oil)

Transportation & Communication

Canals, steamboat, railroads, telegraphs

Responses to Industrialization

Capitalism – Adam Smith

Liberalism – John Stuart Mill

Socialism

Marxism The Communist Manifesto by

Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels

Communism

Rise of welfare state (Germany)

Effects of Industrialization Labor changes

Factory labor was dangerous and toilsome

Initially women & children work in factories

Rise in white collar jobs for new middle class

Labor unions were formed to protect workers

Rise of consumer culture

Standard of living increases

Frequent economic depressions

Global Industrialization

Global Industrialization

Global Industrialization Industrialization turned nations into manufacturers of

consumer goods:

Western Europe (Great Britain & Germany), the United States, Japan

Industrialization turned some nations into “niche” producers:

Russia, parts of Latin America (Mexico, Argentina, etc.)

Industrialization turned some nations into suppliers of raw materials

Egypt, India, Southeast Asia, Africa & parts of Latin America

For more information World History Crash Course #212 & 213

Russian Industrialization Caused by Russian defeat in Crimean War

Abolish serfdom in 1861

Do NOT make major reforms to help peasants

Limited industrialization led by government

Trans-Siberian railroad

Focus on heavy industry

2nd in petroleum and 4th in steel production by 1900

Do NOT produce consumer goods

Japanese Industrialization Meiji Restoration

Abolished feudal order

Industrialization supported by state Rise of zaibatsu

Mitsubishi

Women work in silk factories

The Middle East Ottoman Empire (a.k.a.“Sick Man of Europe”)

Declining agricultural revenues

Large debts to foreign nations

European imports exceed exports

Egypt

Muhammad Ali promotes cotton cloth production

Relied heavily on foreign investment

Successors build the Suez Canal

Asia & Global Industrialization

India Britain transforms India from textile supplier to exporter of cotton

China Struggles to modernize for many reasons (too many to identify here)

Southeast Asia Europeans divide parts of Southeast Asia not already under Dutch

control

Indentured Servitude Indians, Chinese, & Japanese migrated to the Caribbean, Africa, and

Southeast Asia to work as laborers

AP Practice Prompt Discuss with the people sitting near you the potential thesis

categories for the following periodization prompt. Which evidence would you use to support your categories?

Analyze to what extent the Industrial Revolution marked a turning point in the creation of global trade network.

The 20th Century

Key Concepts Key Concept 6.1 – Science & the Environment

Green Revolution

New energy technologies – oil & nuclear power – raised productivity and increased production of material goods

Humans changed their relationship with the environment

Competition over global resources

Global warming caused by greenhouse gases and other pollutants

Pollution, deforestation, and desertification

Key Concepts Key Concept 6.3 – New Conceptualizations of Global Economy

States responded in a variety of ways to economic challenges

Communist governments controlled their economies

Stalin’s Five-Year Plans, Mao’s Great Leap Forward

Great Depression increased government intervention in economy

The New Deal, Hitler’s fascist corporatism (Volkswagen)

Newly independent nations attempt to guide their economy to promote economic development

End of the 20th century, many governments encouraged free market economic policies

China under Deng Xiaoping

Key Concepts Key Concept 6.3 – New Conceptualizations of Global Economy

States, communities, and individuals became increasingly interdependent

New global economic institutions

IMF, World Bank, World Trade Organization

Regional trade networks

European Union and NAFTA

Green Revolution

Effects of Green Revolution

Stalin’s Five-Year Plans

U.S. Economy in 20th Century

China’s Economy Since Deng Xiaoping

World Trade Organization

For more information World History Crash Course #41 & #42

European Union

Global Coca-Cola

AP Practice Prompt Discuss with the people sitting near you the potential thesis

categories for the following causation prompt. Which evidence would you use to support your categories?

Analyze the causes of rising economic interdependence after World War II?

AP Review--Economics--NEW.pptx

Documents