AP Psych Class Announcements: Next Psych Club meeting: Monday 11/19 Topic: Lauren Deveanu 2006 Bayside Grad Lauren is finishing her Psychology degree. She works with women who are incarcerated or have legal issues with the criminal justice system. Come hear her about her work encouraging them in recovery and prevent relapses. Aim: to compare the three main drug categories and their effects. Do NOW: 1.quiz 108-25 2.What did you learn from the addiction simulation? 3.Read “Effects of Long Term Cannabis Use” HW : Study notes for test Answer practice questions
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AP Psych Class Announcements: Next Psych Club meeting: Monday 11/19 Topic: Lauren Deveanu 2006 Bayside Grad Lauren is finishing her Psychology degree.
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AP Psych Class Announcements:Next Psych Club meeting:Monday 11/19Topic:Lauren Deveanu 2006 Bayside Grad
Lauren is finishing her Psychology degree. She works with women who are incarcerated or have legal issues with the criminal justice system. Come hear her about her work encouraging them in recovery and prevent relapses.
Aim: to compare the three main drug categories and their effects.
Do NOW: 1.quiz 108-25 2.What did you learn from the addiction simulation?3.Read “Effects of Long Term Cannabis Use”
HW : Study notes for testAnswer practice questions
States of Consciousness
Sleep• Sleep is a state of
consciousness.• We are less aware
of our surroundings.
• Circadian Rhythm
Circadian Rhythm
• Our biological clock• Body temp rises in the
am and falls in pm• The hypothalamus sends
a signal to the pineal gland to increase melatonin when it gets dark
• Jet lag- changes in time/light mess with our circadian rhythm
Sleep Cycles
• Use an EEG machine to measure stages of sleep.
Sleep Onset (hypnagogic stage)
• When you are the onset of sleep you experience alpha waves.
• Produces mild hallucinations, like a feeling of falling.
• Lose awareness of time
Stage 1
• Kind of awake and kind of asleep.
• Only lasts a few minutes, and you usually only experience it once a night.
Stage 2
• Brain waves get progressively slower.
• Begin to show sleep spindles…short bursts of rapid brain waves.
Stages 3 and 4
• Slow wave sleep.• You produce Delta
waves.• If awoken you will
be very groggy.• Vital for restoring
body’s growth hormones and good overall health.From stage 4, your brain begins to speed up and you
• Freud felt that dreams are a roadway into our unconscious.
• He thought they were a safe way to discharge unacceptable urges, feeling
Freud’s theory about dreams
• He analyzed dreams into two parts:
1. Manifest Content (the dream’s storyline)
2. Latent Content (the dream’s underlying meaning)
Ex of Freud’s analysis:
Manifest Content:• “I was a child again and was playing in the
front yard. All of a sudden a big storm developed. I ran into the house for cover and next thing I know, a tree from the yard blows down and falls on the house.”
Freud ex. Con’t:
Latent Content
The dream reveals a trauma that occurred in childhood, probably molestation. The storm represents something that took away your childhood (the storm forced you to stop playing). The house represents your female reproductive organs which were hurt by male genitalia, the tree.
2. Activation-Synthesis Theory
• Our Cerebral Cortex is trying to interpret random electrical activity we have while sleeping.
• That is why dreams sometimes make no sense.
• Biological Theory.
3. Information-Processing Theory
• We are merely processing the events of the day.
• Dreams are a way to deal with the stresses of everyday life.
• We tend to dream more when we are more stressed.
Place a M if the statement is a mythPlace a T if the statement is true
Which of the following is backed by research
evidence?Under hypnosis:•1 your memory is more accurate.•2. you can “age regress” with remarkable accuracy•3. can get people to tell the truth•4. get people to feel less pain•5. get people to do unlawful things•6. can demonstrate superhuman strength
Who makes for a good subject to hypnotize?
10-15% Very difficult to hypnotize
70-80% Can experience some suggestions
10-15% Can experience all or most suggestions, even difficult ones
*easiest are most imaginative and fantasy prone
Hypnotic Theories:
1. Social Influence
2. Divided Consciousness Theory
Social Influence Theory
• Think hypnosis is NOT an altered state of consciousness.
• Believe it is a social phenomenon where people want to believe and are trying to please the hypnotist.
• Works better on people with richer fantasy lives.
Divided Consciousness Theory
• They believe that hypnosis IS an altered state of consciousness.
• They argue: Subjects will carry out suggestion
even when no one is watching!!!!
How does the Divided Consciousness theory explain
hypnosis?
• They believe that consciousness is truly divided under hypnosis
Co
Consciousmind
Under hypnosis
Dissociation
• Demonstrated by researcher, Ernest Hilgard.
• We voluntarily divide our consciousness up like when we doodle in class or get lost in a good book.
• Ice Water Experiment.• We have a “hidden
observer”, a level of us that is always aware.
• Highway hypnosis• Getting “lost” in a good book or movie and
not hear someone calling your name• Your eyes scan to read, but your mind does
not actually read
Examples of dissociation
Drugs
Drugs are either….
• Agonists• Antagonists• Reuptake inhibitors
If a drug is used often, a tolerance is created for the drug.
Thus you need more of the drug to feel the same effect.
If you stop using a drug you can develop withdrawal symptoms.
Stimulants• Speed up body
processes.• More powerful ones
(like cocaine) give people feelings of invincibility.
Depressants
• Slows down body processes.
• Alcohol• Barbiturates and
tranquilizers
Hallucinogens
• Psychedelics• Causes changes in
perceptions of reality
• LSD, peyote, psilocybin mushrooms and marijuana.
• Reverse tolerance or synergistic effect
Opiates
• Has depressive and hallucinogenic qualities.
• Agonist for endorphins. • Derived from poppy
plant.• Morphine, heroin,
methadone and codeine.
• All these drugs cross the placental barrier….teratogens.