AP Biology Lipids: Fats & Oils
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AP Biology
Lipids: Fats & Oils
2006-2007 AP Biology
Lipids
________________________________________________
AP Biology
Lipids Lipids are composed of C, H, O
____________________________
“Family groups” _________________ _________________ _________________
____________________________ big molecules made of smaller subunits not a continuing chain
AP Biology
Fats Structure:
___________________________________ fatty acid =
long HC “tail” with carboxyl (COOH) group “head”
dehydration synthesis
H2Oenzyme
AP Biology
Building Fats Triacylglycerol
3 fatty acids linked to glycerol _______________ = between OH & COOH
hydroxyl carboxyl
AP Biology
Dehydration synthesis
H2O
H2O
H2O
H2O
enzyme
enzyme
enzyme
dehydration synthesis
AP Biology
Fats store energy Long HC chain
polar or non-polar? hydrophilic or hydrophobic?
Function: _________________
concentrated all H-C!
2x carbohydrates _________________ _________________
think whale blubber!
Why do humanslike fatty foods?
AP Biology
Saturated fats All C bonded to H No C=C double bonds
____________________ ____________________ ____________________
contributes to cardiovascular disease (atherosclerosis) = plaque deposits
AP Biology
Unsaturated fats C=C double bonds in
the fatty acids ______________________ ______________________ ______________________
the kinks made by doublebonded C prevent the molecules from packing tightly together
mono-unsaturated?poly-unsaturated?
AP Biology
Saturated vs. unsaturated_______________ _______________
AP Biology
Phospholipids Structure:
glycerol + 2 fatty acids + PO4
PO4 negatively charged
It’s just like apenguin…
A head at one end& a tail
at the other!
AP Biology
Phospholipids Hydrophobic or hydrophilic?
fatty acid tails = _____________________ PO4 head = _____________________ split “personality”
interaction with H2O is complex & very important!
Come here,No go away!Come here,No go away!
“repelled by water”
“attracted to water”
AP Biology
Phospholipids in water ____________________________________ ____________________________________
can self-assemble into “bubbles” bubble = “micelle” can also form a __________________________ early evolutionary stage of cell?
bilayer
water
water
AP Biology
Why is this important? Phospholipids create a barrier in water
define outside vs. inside they make ________________________
Tell themabout soap!
AP Biology
Steroids Structure:
4 fused C rings + ?? different steroids created by attaching different
functional groups to rings different structure creates different function
examples: _________________________
cholesterol
AP Biology
Cholesterol Important cell component
________________________________ ________________________________
including vertebrate sex hormones high levels in blood may contribute to
cardiovascular disease
AP Biology
Cholesterol
helps keep cell membranes
fluid & flexible
Important component of cell membrane
AP Biology
From Cholesterol Sex Hormones What a big difference a few atoms can make!
2006-2007 AP Biology
Let’s build some
Lipids!
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