“What’s on the Streets: Current Trends in Substance Use with Teens" GEOFF WILSON, LCSW, LCADC THE OFFICES OF PAUL DALTON/ LEXINGTON COUNSELING & PSYCHIATRY
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
“What’s on the Streets: Current Trends in Substance
Use with Teens"
GEOFF WILSON, LCSW, LCADC
THE OFFICES OF PAUL DALTON/LEXINGTON COUNSELING & PSYCHIATRY
No financial disclosures
Agenda
A review of current drugs of abuse by youth, including cannabis, kratom, cocaine, synthetics, heroin and marijuana.
Review most recent results of Monitoring the Future Survey in the US.
Discuss pertinent aspects of assessment and treatment with teens using drugs and alcohol.
Adolescent Drug/Alcohol Use
“Experimentation and some use may not in fact require further intervention given the nature of adolescence in our society.”
Why the Focus on Adolescents?
Experimentation is already going on!!
Nearly one in three (29%) adolescents has experimented with illegal drugs, and 41% have consumed alcohol by the time they finish 8th grade.
One in five American adolescents between the ages of 12 and 17 engages in problematic, abusive or dependent use of illicit drugs or alcohol.
Alcohol and Teens
1 in 3 children starts drinking by the end of 8th grade … and of them, half report having been drunk.
Binge Drinking- 5 or more drinks in the past two weeks:
16.6% 12th Grades 9.8% 10th Graders 3.7% 8th Graders
Teens and Juuling
Teens and Juuling
The Juul, a trendy vape that resembles a flash drive and can be charged in a laptop’s USB port, accounted for 33% of the e-cigarette market as of late 2017, according to Wells Fargo data.
Each Juul cartridge—which lasts about 200 puffs—has as much nicotine as an entire pack of cigarettes
The FDA Is Taking 'Historic Action' Against What It Calls a Youth Epidemic of E-Cigarettes
On Sept. 12, the FDA told e-cigarette companies they have 60 days to come up with a plan for reducing e-cig use among young users. The FDA sent letters to 1,300 retailers selling e-cigarettes made by Juul, Vuse, Blu, MarkTen XL, and Logic Labs, which together make up 97% of the market. It reserved its strongest action for the manufacturers themselves.
“Unfortunately, I now have good reason to believe that it’s reached nothing short of an epidemic proportion of growth,” FDA Commissioner Scott Gottleib said in a briefing. “I use the word epidemic with great care. E-cigs have become an almost ubiquitous—and dangerous—trend among teens… The FDA won’t tolerate a whole generation of young people becoming addicted to nicotine as a tradeoff for enabling adults to have unfettered access to these same products.”
Smoking Cannabis in an E-Cig One in every 11 teens has used marijuana
in electronic cigarettes, according to a research published Monday in JAMA Pediatrics, the pediatrics-focused peer-reviewed journal of the American Medical Association.
Of the slightly more than 20,000 teens surveyed in the school-based study, 9% self-reported that they had vaped marijuana. That extrapolates to 2.1 million middle and high school students using e-cigarettes to get high on cannabis products.
Past-year use of illicit drugs among 12th graders in 2017 were:
Marijuana/hashish: 37.1%Synthetic cannabinoids*: 3.7%LSD: 3.3%Cocaine: 2.7%MDMA (Ecstasy/Molly): 2.6%Inhalants: 1.5%Heroin: 0.4%
Marijuana
So Let’s Talk About Cannabis for a Minute!
Where does THC like to go??
Some drugs love water in our bodies and hate fat: Cocaine, Alcohol, Opiates…… How long will Cocaine stay in the body?
Some drugs hate water and love fat: Marijuana!! How long can you pick up Marijuana in a urine screen? And it hates water….think about how long it stays in the fat in our body!!
Where is the highest concentration of fat in the human body??
Where Does THC Like To Go??
HIGH TIMES US Cannabis Cup Denver: Highest THC Strains
Colorado Indica Flower: Chem D.O.G. by Next Harvest - 32.13%
Sativa Concentrate: Platinum Sour Diesel Isolate by Native Roots Extracts - 82.22%
Natural vs. Man Made
1%THC vs. 37.2%THC
Are We Concerned??
22.2 million (8.4%) people were current (past month) users of marijuana in 2014, making it the most used illicit drug. (SAMHSA, 2014).
Marijuana use was most prevalent among people age 18 to 25 (with 19.6% using it in the past month).
Edible Marijuana Products are on the Rise!!
Marijuana Candy/Edible Products
In Oakland and Emeryville, California four individuals pleaded guilty for their role to manufacture and distribute marijuana plants and marijuana products that mimicked well known candy and soft-drink products. Some of the products include “Munchy Ways,” “Pot Tarts,” “Twixed” and “Allmy Joy,”
Dabs-Butane Honey Oil (BHO)
Dabs-Butane Honey Oil (BHO)
Wax, Dabs, BHO
Dabs are concentrated doses of cannabis that are made by extracting THC and other cannabinoids using a solvent like butane or carbon dioxide, resulting in sticky oils also commonly referred to as wax, shatter, budder, and butane hash oil (BHO).
Wax, Dabs, BHO, Shatter
Prescription Opiates
• In the US, 82.5 prescriptions written for Opioid painkillers for every 100 Americans in 2012.
• In Kentucky, 128.4 Opioid Pain Reliever prescriptions for every 100 people (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012)
Heroin
“Slamming” Heroin
Adolescents and Slamming Heroin Basically placing Heroin on your
finger and rubbing it into your gums. Get the effect fairly quickly through
membrane, like smokeless tobacco. No smoke, no IV, no Runny Nose!! Popular with youth and can do it in
School, at home!!
Heroin and Purity
Dr. Melinda Campopiano, a SAMHSA Medical Officer:
“When you can snort it as oppose to inject it, it widens the audience for heroin, unfortunately,” she says. “I think the most important driver behind the increase in number of people using heroin is its cheap, widely available, and pure enough to snort.”
Fentanyl The China connection is allowing local drug
dealers in North America to mass produce fentanyl in pill form, in some cases producing tablets that look identical to an oft-abused version of the prescription painkiller OxyContin. It also has been added to Xanax pills. And last week, fentanyl pills made to resemble the painkiller hydrocodone were blamed for a wave of overdoses in the Sacramento area, including nine deaths.
Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines in Kentucky
57.4 Benzodiazepines prescriptions written for every 100 people in 2012!! (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012)
ADHD Prescriptions
Amphetamine
Neurontin (Gabapentin)
It was originally developed for the treatment of epilepsy, and currently is also used to relieve neuropathic pain.
Gabapentin provides significant pain relief in about a third of people who take it for fibromyalgia or chronic neuropathic pain.
In a study of urine samples from 323 patients being treated at pain clinics and addiction treatment centers, 70 patients were found to be taking gabapentin without a prescription.
A report by IMS Health found that 57 million prescriptions for gabapentin were written in the U.S. in 2015, a 42% increase since 2011.
Kratom Kratom is a tropical tree native to Southeast Asia.
Consumption of its leaves produces both stimulant effects (in low doses) and sedative effects (in high doses), and can lead to psychotic symptoms and psychological addiction.
Kratom is not controlled under the Federal Controlled Substances Act; however, there may be some State regulations or prohibitions against the possession and use of kratom. There is no legitimate medical use for kratom in the United States. In addition, DEA has listed kratom as a Drug and Chemical of Concern.
Kratom
But What’s Miley Cyrus Have to Say About This….Miley Cyrus has standards when it
comes to drugs.Weed, for instance, "is the best
drug on earth," she told Rolling Stone.
"And Molly, too. “Those are happy drugs — social drugs. They make you want to be with friends. You're out in the open. You're not in a bathroom.”
How many Twitter followers did she have__?
MDMA or “Molly”
Ideally, Molly is MDMA in its purest state. Data compiled by Ecstasy Data, which
test pills as part of harm reduction program, lot of what’s being advertised as Molly is really formulated using Methylone, the active ingredient found in “Bath Salts”
The DEA says only 13% of the Molly seized in New York state the last four years actually contained any MDMA, and even then it often was mixed with other drugs.
Molly
According to NIDA: “MDMA can cause a dangerous increase in body temperature that can lead to kidney failure.
MDMA can also increase heart rate, blood pressure, and heart wall stress.
Animal studies show that MDMA can damage specific neurons in the brain. In humans, the research is not conclusive at this time; however, a number of studies show that long-term, heavy MDMA users suffer cognitive deficits, including problems with memory.”
Molly
Is it Real???? 10 Kits for only $18.75!!!
Synthetic Cannabinoids
SpiceK2Herbal Incense
Dangers of Synthetic Marijuana
Unregulated and Untested on Humans No long term studies , true effects are not
known. It is physically addictive!! Very Dangerous…..One time use has
resulted in death!! Flavors are added to it to make it more
appealing to kids (Bubble Gum, Grape, etc.)
Methamphetamine
Methamphetamine Methamphetamine is a powerful, highly addictive
stimulant that affects the central nervous system. Also known as meth, chalk, ice, and crystal, among many other terms, it takes the form of a white, odorless, bitter-tasting crystalline powder that easily dissolves in water or alcohol.
Methamphetamine comes in several forms and can be smoked, inhaled (snorted), injected, or orally ingested. The preferred method of abusing the drug varies by geographical region and has changed over time.
Smoking or injecting methamphetamine puts the drug very quickly into the bloodstream and brain, causing an immediate, intense “rush” and amplifying the drug’s addiction potential and adverse health consequences.
What’s Going on With Meth?!
Meth-related deaths in Kentucky more than tripled from 2013 to 2016, when 252 people died, according to the Kentucky Injury Prevention and Research Center. More than a third of those deaths were in Jefferson County.
Meth-related deaths also have skyrocketed across the country. In a federal study of 31 states and Washington, D.C., deaths related to stimulants — mostly meth — rose by a third in one year, with more than 7,500 deaths in 2016.
Police across Kentucky intercepted more than triple the amount of meth last year than they did in 2013, according to a recent state police report. Nearly 11,000 drug seizures submitted to the state crime lab last year were meth —more than heroin, cocaine and fentanyl combined. Beth
Warren, Louisville Courier Journal Published 8:17 a.m. ET May 3, 2018 | Updated 11:02 a.m. ET May 8, 2018
Flakka
Flakka, is made from a compound called alpha-PVP, a chemical cousin of cathinone, the amphetamine-like drug found in bath salts.
Most recently it has been found in Lewis County, KY, about 90 miles northeast of Lexington. And some experts say it's likely to spread.
On the street, users call it "gravel," sometimes "magic," because the high lasts so long. But it also makes them paranoid, violent and can give users adrenaline-fueled strength, a troublesome combination for law enforcement.
In 2014, the DEA placed the drug on the U.S. list of illegal controlled substances. During two recent busts in Lewis County, deputies found pounds of flakka incl ding one stash orth more than
Flakka “Flakka is typically manufactured in
China and India and can be bought on-line for as little as $3-5, making it an attractive alternative to Cocaine. Dealers often target young and poor people, CNN previously reported , and try to recruit homeless people to buy and sell the drug (CNN, 11/5/15.)”
Cocaine and Adolescents
Cocaine In 2014, there were an estimated 1.5 million
current (past-month) cocaine users aged 12 or older (0.6 percent of the population).
Adults aged 18 to 25 years have a higher rate of current cocaine use than any other age group, with 1.4 percent of young adults reporting past-month cocaine use.
“The Cocktail That’s Killing Lil Wayne”
The rapper Lil Wayne was hospitalized for the umpteenth time this week for seizures, and reports
are pointing to his excessive consumption of “lean” as a factor.
What is Lean?????• To create Lean, a popular drink originated from
Houston Texas, you require the following for the original formula:
• -Promethazine w/Codeine VC <- Sizzurp (active ingredient)
• -Original Sprite Soda <- Mixing ingredient (although different flavors of sprite are now used, such as sprite remix)
• -Jolly rancher candy <- Flavor additive • Put it all in a styrofoam cup and enjoy!!
• The mixed drink combination known as "lean", is normally the color purple, due the added ingredient sizzurp, which is originally a dark purple syrup.
With all of that, where do we start? An Assessment Perhaps!
How do we start to help them?? Go with your gut and get an Assessment! Urine Drug Screens are your friend! Get them involved in some level of care sooner
rather then later! Most kids are in Pre-Contemplation and they
need help with Pre-Treatment, making connections about how their drug/alcohol use is related to any of their life problems!
There are several treatment approaches available!
Assessment LEVEL OF CARE DETERMINATION: Primary prevention. Early intervention. School based interventions. Outpatient/Intensive Outpatient. Partial Hospitalization/Day
treatment. Juvenile drug court. Inpatient treatment. Residential treatment. Assertive Continuing Care
Sources of Evidence-Based Information on the Web
www.attcnetwork.org/explore/priorityareas/science/ebp
www.nida.nih.govwww.nrepp.samhsa.govwww.niaaa.nih.govwww.asam.orgwww.cdc.gov/idu/
References Monitoring the Future 2017, SAMHSA NIDA, 2014 NSDUH, SAMHSA, 2014 Meier, 2012. Dr. Melinda Campopiano, SAMHSA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012 Warren, Louisville Courier Journal Published 8:17 a.m. ET
May 3, 2018 | Updated 11:02 a.m. ET May 8, 2018 Ken Winters, Ph.D., University of Minnesota, 2007 (Pope, 1979, P. 74) (Meyers et al, 1999). John F. Kelly, Ph.D.-Harvard Addiction Research Institute
Wrap Up!!
Questions, comments, and concerns???
Geoff Wilson, LCSW, CADCThe Offices of Paul Dalton501 Darby Creek Rd., Suite 11Lexington, KY [email protected]
Related Documents
