“EMERGING TRENDS IN ROAD PAVEMENT TECHNOLOGIES”bvmengineering.ac.in/Report/Report of STTP on ETRPT 9.01.2019.pdf · “EMERGING TRENDS IN ROAD PAVEMENT TECHNOLOGIES” During

A REPORT ON TEQIP-III Sponsored One Week Short Term Training Programme on

“EMERGING TRENDS IN ROAD PAVEMENT TECHNOLOGIES” During 31st December, 2018 -5th

January, 2019 Prepared by Prof. C. B. Mishra & Prof. Amit A. Amin Page 1

A REPORT ON TEQIP-III Sponsored

One Week Short Term Training Programme on

“EMERGING TRENDS IN ROAD PAVEMENT TECHNOLOGIES”

During

31st December, 2018 -5th January, 2019

Prepared by Program Coordinators

Prof. C. B. Mishra & Prof. Amit A. Amin

Jointly Organized by

Civil Engineering Department, BVM Engineering College, Vallabh Vidyanagar

&

Govt. Engineering College, Civil Engineering Department, Banswara-327001.




About CVM

Er. Bhikhubhai B. Patel

Chairman, CVM

Charutar Vidya Mandal was established in the year 1945 by Shri

Bhaikaka and Shri Bhikabhai Saheb as a charitable trust with a

prime objective of rural development through education to bring

about the social awakening, social upliftment and enrichment. Over

the subsequent years, Dr. H M Patel (the first finance minister of

India) consolidated the efforts put in by the founders. With time, in

the 1990s, Dr. C L Patel took over the reins of CVM as the

Chairman; the country was facing a major economic and ideological

change paving the way for globalization and liberalization. Later on,

in the year 2018 Er. Bhikhubhai B. Patel as Chairman of CVM

knows that in teams one has to generate successful responses to

some of the challenges which the society is going to face. The

primary focus of CVM has always been on education – and

producing well-trained youngsters is certainly a major part of any

society’s response to the future challenges it is likely to face. At

present, CVM operates 50 educational Institutions with 45000

students on the rolls from 18 states and 12 countries across the

world.

About BVM

Dr. I.N. Patel

Principal, BVM

Birla Vishwakarma Mahavidhyalaya, Engineering College is the first

engineering college of state established way back in 1948 by

inspiration and motivation of Iron man of India Shri Sardar Patel and

generous contribution from Shri Ghansyamdas Birla; functioning

under umbrella of Charutar Vidya Mandal. BVM Engineering

College is one of among reputed technical institutes imparting finest

quality education. The evolution of the institute over the past six

decades has witnessed strong blend of state-of-the-art infrastructure

and intricately intertwined human resource committed to provide

professional education with thrust on creativity and innovation. More

than 20000 engineers have been graduated from this college. BVM College

is first Academic Autonomous Engineering Institute of Gujarat State.

BVM offers B.E., M.E./M.Tech. and Ph.D. degree Programmes. The

College is affiliated to the Gujarat Technological University and is situated

at Vallabh Vidyanagar. The most striking feature of BVM is dedicated and

experienced faculty base.




About Organizing Department

Dr. L.B. Zala HOD,

Civil, BVM

The Department of Civil Engineering offers Ph.D., M.E./M.Tech and B.E

programs. The departments has highly qualified, well experienced and

dedicated faculty members. The department is equipped with advanced

instruments and equipment for research facilities. Experts from leading

industries and educational institutes are invited frequently for guest lectures

on recent developments for the benefit of students and staff. The

department is deeply involved in Testing and Consultancy work besides

quality research. UG program is NBA Accredited.

About TEQIP-III

Dr. S.D. Dhiman

The Project, Third phase of Technical Education Quality Improvement Programme (referred to as TEQIP-III) is fully integrated with the Twelveth Five-year Plan objectives for Technical Education as a key component for improving the quality of Engineering Education in existing institutions. Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidyalaya (Engineering College) has been selected under subcomponent 1.3 as mentor institute to participate in twinning arrangements for knowledge transfer, exchange of experience, optimizing the use of resources and developing long-term strategic partnerships with Government Engineering College –Banswara (Mentee institute). To facilitate these goals, BVM has been allocated Rs. 7crores under this project in the span of three years (1st April 2017 to 31st March 2020).

About STTP - “EMERGING TRENDS IN ROAD PAVEMENT TECHNOLOGIES”.

Prof. C.B. Mishra

Program Coordinator

Prof. Amit A. Amin

Program Coordinator

Pavement engineering lies at the heart of modern

society in both technologically advanced and

developing countries. An important realization by

the pavement engineers in recent times is that

pavements are built for the infrastructure for

improving the quality of life. And the quality of life

cannot be sacrificed for the sake of pavements as

pavements are not isolated structures – they are

engineered structures and part of our environment.

Due to this an initiative, fresh attention has been

drawn to the issues related to latest road technology

by this training program to share and discuss the

emerging on-going technical advancement in road

pavement technology used by field engineers

accepted by policy makers.




Learning Objectives

1. To explain the basic concepts on characteristics, tests of different materials required and forthcoming road pavement technologies.

2. Understanding of relevant literature and codal provisions to materials and tests.

Resource Persons

Experts from IIT, NIT, Premier Universities, other reputed organizations and Professionals, will deliver the Expert talk.

Course Content

Properties of Subgrade Soil.

Material characterization, Mix Design, Quality control.

Pavement Design.

Quality Assurance.

Pavement maintenance and Pavement Evaluation.

Recent Research Developments to Subgrade Improvement and pavement materials.

Cold Recycling technique – a case study.

Micro surfacing.

Expected Outcomes:

Participants will improve the effectiveness of specific evaluation procedures of testing of material testing for pavement as per code. They will learn road pavement technology recently used by field engineers accepted by policy makers to support the construction activities including rehabilitation and reconstruction of pavements along the road network.

Inaugural Session

The STTP is inaugurated on 31st December, 2018 at 10.30am in Room No. C 231 of BVM Engineering College, VV Nagar by esteemed Er. Vishvas Kelkar, Asst. Vice President, IL&FS, Transportation network, Ahmedabad as chief guest of the function, Dr. Indrajit Patel, Guest of Honour (Principal BVM Engineering College) & Dr. L.B. Zala (Head, Civil Engineering Department) and as in invitee guest TEQIP-III Coordinator Dr. S.D. Dhiman.

Prof. (Dr.) L.B. Zala, Head, Civil Engg. Dept gave a welcome speech also introduced the Dignitaries on the dais and gave a brief view of the departmental activities.




Dr. S.D. Shiman gave an introduction about TEQIP-III as the third phase of Technical Education Quality Improvement Programme for improving the quality of Engineering Education in existing institutions. Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidyalaya (Engineering College) has been selected under subcomponent 1.3 as mentor institute to participate in twinning arrangements for knowledge transfer, exchange of experience, optimizing the use of resources and developing long-term strategic partnerships with Government Engineering College –Banswara (Mentee institute).

Er. Vishvas Kelkar stated that presently, there is a necessity of extending our road network to all terrains and environment and flexible pavement being preferred pavement type, there is an immediate need of switching over to high performance/new/alternate materials and technologies that are applicable to flexible pavements and are able to provide sustainable solutions. One should attempt to use waste materials in road construction after thorough investigation of quality control parameters for its acceptance in road construction works. There is a dire need of understanding the concept of latest trend of design for sustainable development and this STTP has been organized at the right time.

Dr. I.N. Patel, Guest of Honour of the function and principal of BVM Engg. College conveyed that the new technologies need to be developed fast to continue to support the construction activities including rehabilitation and reconstruction of pavements along the road network. Thus, concerns about limited availability and sustainability are driving the search for new and advanced materials for roadway construction. He had congratulated HOD, Civil, BVM Dr. L.B. Zala and program Coordinators Prof. C.B. Mishra and Prof. Amit A. Amin for design training program as per the needs of country in ever changing environment.

Dr. S.G. Patel, President of the function revealed that pavement engineering lies at the heart of modern society in both technologically advanced and developing countries. Proper evaluation/ testing and recording is an essential feature of pavement construction execution which believes that relentless testing and meticulous quality control is the only way to build good roads. Some mandatory tests are to be conducted to assure the quality of the road works in general. More specific tests and guidelines for the new technologies are available through published specifications and standards. He blessed all the participants and gave hearty congratulations to HOD, Civil and transportation engineering section team for this program.

Prof. C.B. Mishra as programme coordinator made awareness to participants regarding realization by the pavement engineers in recent times is that pavements are built for the infrastructure for improving the quality of life. And the quality of life cannot be sacrificed for the sake of pavements as pavements are not isolated structures – they are engineered structures and part of our environment. Due to this an initiative, fresh attention has been drawn to the issues related to latest road technology by this training program to share and discuss the emerging on-going technical advancement in road pavement technology used by field engineers accepted by policy makers. Also, explained various outcome of the program. 47 participants were present in the inaugural session.




GLIMPSES OF INAUGURATION PROGRAM




TEQIP-III Sponsored

One Week Short Term Training Program On “Emerging Trends in Road Pavement Technologies”

31st December, 2018 – 5th January, 2019

PROGRAM SCHEDULE

Day 1, Date: 31st December, 2018. Monday

Duration Topic Experts

09:30 – 10:.30 Registration & Tea/Breakfast

10.30 – 11.30 Inaugural Function Key Note Speaker : Shri Vishwas Kelkar, Asst. Vice President, IL&FS.

11:30 – 01:00 Cold Recycling Technique with A Case Study Shri Vishwas Kelkar, IL&FS

01:00 – 02.00 LUNCH

02:00 – 03:30 Cement Treated Layers – A New Concept in Flexible Pavement Design

Shri Vishwas Kelkar, IL&FS

03:30 - 03:45 TEA BREAK

03:45 – 05:15 Smart Materials for Flexible Pavements

Prof. Bhasker Bhatt Associate Prof/ APIED, V.V.

Nagar

Day 2, Date: 01/01/2019, Tuesday


09:30 – 10:.00 Tea/Breakfast

10:00 – 11:30 Soil Stabilization for Pavement Dr. A.K. Verma, HOD, Structure, BVM

11:30 – 01:00 Ground Improvement techniques for pavement Prof. B.R. Dalwadi, BVM

01:00 – 02:00 LUNCH

02:00 – 03:30 Micro surface – Mix Design Procedure Dr Rajesh S. Gujar, PDPU, Ahmedabad

03:30 – 03:45 TEA BREAK

03:45 – 05:15 Demonstration of testing of subgrade material in Geotechnical Laboratory

Prof. B.R. Dalwadi, BVM

Day 3, Date: 02/01/2019, Wednesday



10:00 – 11:30 Superpave Design Prof. Sanjay Dave, MSU, Vadodara

11:30 – 01:00 Comparison between Marshall & Superpave Mixtures & Problems

Prof. Sanjay Dave, MSU, Vadodara

01:00 – 02:00 LUNCH

02:00 – 03:30 Rigid Pavement Design Guidelines as Per IRC Prof. Manish Jain, MSU, Vadodara

03:30 – 03:45 TEA BREAK




03:45 – 05:15 Problems on Rigid Pavement Design Guidelines as Per IRC & comparison with previous codes.

Prof. Manish Jain, MSU, Vadodara

Day 4, Date: 03/01/2019, Thursday



10:00 – 11:30 Design of Flexible pavement: IRC 37-2012 Dr. Yogesh Shah, IITRAM

11:30 – 01:00 Survey & Evaluation of Flexible Pavement Dr. Yogesh Shah, IITRAM

01:00 – 02:00 LUNCH

02:00 – 03:30 Overlay Design for Flexible Pavement: IRC-81:1997 Dr. Jiten Shah, IITRAM

03:30 – 03:45 TEA BREAK

03:45 – 05:15 Quality Control & Quality Assurance Dr. Jiten Shah, IITRAM

Day 5, Date: 04/01/2019, Friday



10:00 – 11:30 Technical visit to Kamal Infra Pvt. Ltd. Lecture on: Challenges in bituminous pavement Engg.

by Prof. A.A. Amin

Responsibility Prof. C.B. Mishra & Prof. A.A. Amin 11:30 – 01:00

01:00 – 02:00 LUNCH

02:00 – 03:30 Technical visit to Mangalam Consultancy Services, Karamsad

Lecture on : Warm Mix additive and Pavement Sustainability by Prof. C.B. Mishra

Responsibility Prof. C.B. Mishra & Prof. A.A. Amin

03:30 – 03:45 TEA BREAK

03:45 – 05:15 Technical visit to Mangalam Consultancy Services, Karamsad

Lecture on : Pavement Drainage by Dr. L.B. Zala

Responsibility Prof. C.B. Mishra & Prof. A.A. Amin

Dr. L.B. Zala, HOD, Civil, BVM

Day 6, Date: 05/01/2019, Saturday

Duration Topic Expert


10:00 – 11:30 Moisture resistant roads Er. Rajesh Pitroda, Zydex Industry, Vadodara

11:30 – 01:00 Case Studies. Er. Rajesh Pitroda, Zydex Industry, Vadodara

01:00 – 02:00 LUNCH

02:00 – 03:00 Valedictory function

03:00 – 03:15 HIGH-TEA




LECTURES BY EMINENT PERSONALITIES

1. Er. Vishwas Kelkar, Asst. Vice President, IL&FS, Transportation Network, Ahmedabad delivered a talk on “Cold Recycling Technique with A Case Study” covered that the demand for technologies that conserve resources has spiraled in recent times. In this domain, the cold recycling process has built up an excellent track record in road construction projects worldwide. In the cold recycling process, 100% of the reclaimed material is reused and cost-effectively treated, making it both an economical and an environmentally friendly option. The process allows a wide selection of stabilizing agents to be employed to strengthen the pavement without having to import additional material to thicken it, as well as to enhance durability and improve its resistance to moisture. Cost savings in excess of 20% are normally achieved, compared to the use of other more conventional methods for rehabilitating and upgrading roads. There is no doubt that the rapid growth of cold in place recycling throughout the world is evidence of the cost-effectiveness of this process.

2. Er. Vishwas Kelkar, Asst. Vice President, IL&FS, Transportation Network, Ahmedabad

delivered a talk on “Cement Treated Layers – A New Concept in Flexible Pavement Design” emphasized that balancing out materials with concrete is an appealing alternative to enable less reasonable materials to be utilized as base course or subbase.




The thickness of Cement-treated Bases is less than that required for granular bases carrying the same traffic because

CTB is a cemented, rigid material that distributes the load over a large area. Proper mix design, adequate thickness, diligent construction and control technique are prerequisites to the successful performance or a cement-treated base (CTB) layer and, in turn entire

pavement structure. Mix design procedures have been standardized: ASTM Test Designations D559-57 and D560-57.

3. Prof. Bhasker Bhatt, Associate Prof/ APIED, V.V. Nagar narrated in his expert talk on “Smart Materials for Flexible Pavements” that smart Materials challenges the core of conventional road construction and design, by bringing in unprecedented resilient modulus flexibility, which is needed for Mechanistic-Empirical (ME) road design calculations.




Smart Materials reduce the number of supporting aggregate layers for cement modified /stabilized flexible and rigid road designs and thereby substantially reducing construction costs. He provided an overview of the types of materials available giving a new insight into innovative methods and techniques that will be available, and open new doors for advancement and improvement in the construction industry.

4. Dr. A.K. Verma, HOD, Structure, BVM delivered a talk on “Soil Stabilization for Pavement” that the thriving urban population of India advances development of growth of trade, commerce, service sector which depend on heavy commercial vehicles and individual ascent in income contributing to rise in motorization and experiencing quick accelerations in urban travel interest putting weight on restricting street space surpassing the heap conveying limit of roads in the steadily changing atmosphere of our nation particularly on road running in clayey soil ranges are known for bed condition and unpredictable conduct of the nature of the soil contributing to failure of roads thereby compelling rise in maintenance cost. It is the responsibility of the road authorities to use the local material and correct the soil properties using additives enhancing the strength of soil and make the road durable. searching for the best soil stabilizers to overcome problems occur by the soft soils are still being the main concern, not only to achieve the required soil engineering properties but also by considering the cost and the effect to the environment.




He highlighted the techniques that had been done for soil stabilization based on experimental studies. Investigation on various materials had been done in order to evaluate their effectiveness as soil stabilizer, which involved the use of sodium hydroxide additive, fly ash geopolymeric binder, various ashes and cementations’ binders.

5. Prof. B.R. Dalwadi, Structure engineering department, BVM presented the lecture on “Ground Improvement techniques for pavement”, wherein he stated that due to urbanization, rising of population and a lot of developments of infrastructures like highways, buildings, railways and other alternative structures in past years have resulted in reduction of availability of fine quality of land. In this situation the role of ground improvement techniques has become a very important and crucial task for varied construction comes.




By ground improvement techniques - the strength of the soil will increase, its compressibility reduces also the performance underneath applied loading enhances. He explained the employment of assorted techniques tested and its use within the recent past year tailored to fulfill specific bearing capability and settlement needs and are usually way more efficient than different ancient ways like pile. An acceptable and price effective technique for ground improvement is designed based on numerous techniques like soil stabilization, stabilizing trenches, vertical sand drains, capillary cut-off, soil nailing, Vibro-compaction, Vibro-floatation, use of geo-textiles, Vibro-replacement, stone columns, dynamic compaction etc.

6. Dr Rajesh S. Gujar, PDPU, Ahmedabad said in his talk on “Micro surface – Mix Design Procedure” mentioned that micro surfacing shall consist of mixing a polymer modified cationic quickset emulsion, aggregate, mineral filler, set-control additives, and water and spreading the mixture on a pavement surface as per the provisions of code. Also explained that microsurfacing was developed in an attempt to form a thicker slurry seal that could be used in wheel paths and ruts to avoid long rehabilitation work on high traffic roads.




To do this, high quality aggregates and advanced emulsions were incorporated to reach a stable product which is applied in multi-stone thickness and provide rutting resistance. Technologies as micro-surfacing may offer cost-effective solutions and improved overall pavement performance.

7. Prof. B.R. Dalwadi, Structure engineering department, BVM gave the “Demonstration of testing of subgrade material in Geotechnical Laboratory”.




Also conveyed the knowledge on the specification of geotechnical soil tests, interpretation of data and the ability to judge the quality of laboratory test results as civil engineering or engineering geology practitioner. Different sampling techniques and causes of sampling disturbances are also addressed. He explained the key features and its application in pavement engineering.

8. Prof. Sanjay Dave, Civil Engg. Dept, Faculty of Tech. & Engg., MSU, Vadodara in his talk on “Superpave Design” and another on “Comparison between Marshall & Superpave Mixtures & Problems”. He explained that one of the principal results from the Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) was the Superpave mix design method. The Superpave mix design method was designed to replace the Hveem and Marshall methods.

https://www.pavementinteractive.org/reference-desk/design/mix-design/hveem-mix-design/

https://www.pavementinteractive.org/reference-desk/design/mix-design/marshall-mix-design/




The goal of this lecture is to describe the Superpave components, the critical requirements, why

they are needed, and how this new system could impact the production and construction procedures for hot mix. Superpave characterizes them at the actual pavement temperatures that they will experience, and at the periods of time when the asphalt distresses are most likely to occur. It gives highway engineers and contractors the tools they need to design asphalt pavements that will perform better under extremes of temperature and heavy traffic loads.

9. Prof. Manish Jain, Civil Engg. Dept, Faculty of Tech. & Engg., MSU, Vadodara in his lecture on “Rigid Pavement Design Guidelines as Per IRC” and another lecture on “Problems on Rigid Pavement Design Guidelines as Per IRC & comparison with previous codes” mentions that from the past few years, the reliance is shifting more on rigid pavements because of its low maintenance cost, long service life and the smoother riding surface. The thickness of the concrete slab depends upon the strength of subgrade, axle load repetitions, type of sub-base and shoulders. Even a small decrease in the thickness of the concrete slab with proper design can result in appreciable economy to the project.




The design of rigid pavement follows guidelines given in IRC: 58-2011[1], which are based upon the fatigue damage analysis for both bottom up and top down crackings. If the sum of cumulative fatigue damage caused by different axle loads is less than one for bottom up and top down cracking, the thickness of the pavement is safe. The government of India is spending large amounts on the projects such as Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojna to connect the rural population and road pavements are an important part of this scheme which can cost a considerable amount. Therefore, a cost effective design which consists of all the possible alternatives is necessary to give benefits to both the investors and the nation.

10. Dr. Yogesh Shah, IITRAM, Ahmedabad in his speech on “Design of Flexible pavement: IRC 37-2012” stated that IRC 37 incorporates some of the new and alternate materials in the current design practices. A designer can use his sound engineering judgment consistent with local environment using a semi-mechanistic approach for design of pavements. He explained the principles of pavement design, pavement composition and pavement design procedure. Another lecture on “Survey & Evaluation of Flexible Pavement” was given by him where he explained how to visually inspect and evaluate the flexible pavement failures for maintenance planning. Generally the failures may take place pavement structure due to the movement of heavily loaded truck-trailers. The damage could also be attributed to poor drainage, inadequate design and improper pavement materials used. Case studies were presented in the lecture session too.




11. Dr. Jiten Shah, IITRAM, Ahmedabad in his talk on “Overlay Design for Flexible Pavement: IRC-81:1997 made familiar with the background for the IRC method of

overlay design so that the participants would understand the standard procedure to be

adopted for conducting structural evaluation of pavements using Benkelman beam

because IRC: 81 – 1997 version is based on the structural evaluation of pavements using

Benkelman beam evaluation technique and expected that the participants would be able

to carry out overlay designs for flexible pavements on the basis of Benkelman beam

evaluation. Another expertise on “Quality Control & Quality Assurance” was given by him where he explained the basic difference between both, phases of contractor quality control and prerequisites of it. He conveys that construction of quality roads requires

concerted efforts on many fronts; therefore, a three tier quality mechanism has been

operationalized under the programme. The first tier provides for in-house quality control,

wherein, the Programme Implementation Unit (PIU) is required to control the quality of work

through performing mandatory tests for the material and workmanship. The second and third tier

of quality mechanism provides for monitoring of quality by the independent quality monitors at

the State Level and at the National Level. He stated in detail the importance of tests as per MoRTH.







12. EDUCATIONAL FIELD VISITS/LECTURES: As an integral part of STTP and to furnish exposure to field environment, the committee organized a one day visit to Kamal Infra Pvt. Ltd., Anand and Mangalam Consultancy Services, Karamsad for facilitating the real life professional exposure to the participants. The STTP Faculties Dr. L.B. Zala, Prof. C.B. Mishra & Prof. Amit A. Amin managed the program. During this session Prof Amit A. Amin explained the “Challenges in bituminous pavement Engg.” In Mangalam Consultancy, Prof. C.B. Mishra explained the importance of “Warm Mix additive and Pavement Sustainability”. Also explained the fundamentals of marshall mix design, concrete mix design and other essential tests on it. Dr. L.B. Zala in groups covered the aspects of “Pavement Drainage”.







13. Er. Rajesh Pitroda in his lectures on “Moisture Resistant Roads” and another “Case Studies” wherein he stated that “Roman Roads” are considered to be the best roads even today, the secret behind this is that the Roman Engineers controlled the three very best parameters of road construction and these are Good Quality Workmanship, Good Quality Materials and Good Drainage. Roads are very much susceptible to moisture which is the root cause of many kind of road failure and hence it becomes a necessity to restrict the entrance of moisture in the road after construction.

Many technologies have evolved, road construction practices are changed. So bearing this view point and keeping the moisture problem at core of the road construction a seminar is arranged on “Moisture Resistant Road Construction” and the talk will be delivered by Mr. Rajesh Pitroda, Assistant General Manager-Zydex Industries Limited.




OUTCOMES OF THE PROGRAMME

Participants were able to display confidence with knowledge gained through STTP on “Emerging Trends in Road Pavement Technologies” and successful transition into a new environment to solve problems.

They were able to learn new innovations in the field of road construction, practice innovations, manage resources and design with reference to relevant codes in practice and exposure to latest software’s in the area of pavement technology. Also understand the importance of instrumentation in the context of laboratory testing of materials.

Industrial experts gave the exposure in the form of guidelines to meet the challenges emerging in the new era of latest technological development to participants.

Experts helped the participants inculcating core values and ethics as an engineer.




CONCLUSIONS

The total involvement of experts actively involved in various responsibilities of programme generated knowledge about rapidly emerging scientific discoveries, stunning new capabilities for understanding and prediction, and applications that are essential for subject emerging trend in road pavement technologies in real life situations. With the cooperation of the participants and the faculty members the short term training programme was able to record the feedbacks of the students in Expert talks, Field Visit and quality control lab. The training is an important course as it closes the gap between scientific study and practical study in team work. It teaches how to come with economic design to be completed in less time keeping the norms of codal provisions too to do the work in right way.

Program Coordinators HOD, Civil, BVM

“EMERGING TRENDS IN ROAD PAVEMENT TECHNOLOGIES”bvmengineering.ac.in/Report/Report of STTP on ETRPT 9.01.2019.pdf · “EMERGING TRENDS IN ROAD PAVEMENT TECHNOLOGIES” During

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