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Embassy Encephalopathy”: Induced Hearing Loss, Cognitive Dysfunction and Neuropathological Changes - Possible Causes, Mechanisms, and Effects James Giordano PhD Departments of Neurology and Biochemistry Georgetown University Medical Center Washington, DC, USA
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“Embassy Encephalopathy”: Induced Hearing Loss, Cognitive ... · –Vertigo/disequilibrium (and nausea) ... Ultra-sonic Stimulating Devices ... – Sonic and/or EM pulse generator

Apr 20, 2020

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Page 1: “Embassy Encephalopathy”: Induced Hearing Loss, Cognitive ... · –Vertigo/disequilibrium (and nausea) ... Ultra-sonic Stimulating Devices ... – Sonic and/or EM pulse generator

“Embassy Encephalopathy”: Induced Hearing Loss, Cognitive Dysfunction and

Neuropathological Changes -Possible Causes, Mechanisms, and Effects

James Giordano PhDDepartments of Neurology and Biochemistry

Georgetown University Medical CenterWashington, DC, USA

Page 2: “Embassy Encephalopathy”: Induced Hearing Loss, Cognitive ... · –Vertigo/disequilibrium (and nausea) ... Ultra-sonic Stimulating Devices ... – Sonic and/or EM pulse generator

Otopathology/OtotoxicityOtopathology = damage to the earOtotoxicity = toxic effect to the ear• Can affect the cochlea (hair cells, basilar membrane)

and/or auditory nerve (n.VIII)

• Signs/symptoms:– Hearing loss/tinnitus– Vertigo/disequilibrium (and nausea)– Visual features (nytagmus, oscillopsia)– Headache

• Can be gradual or sudden• Can be unilateral or bilateral• Can be temporary or durable

Page 3: “Embassy Encephalopathy”: Induced Hearing Loss, Cognitive ... · –Vertigo/disequilibrium (and nausea) ... Ultra-sonic Stimulating Devices ... – Sonic and/or EM pulse generator

Possible Vectors for OtopathologicEffects

• Pharmacology– Antibiotics– Loop diuretics– Cisplatin/carboplatin– Salicylates– Heavy metals (mercury/lead)– Organic solvents

• Technology– Subsonic stimulation (<20)– Ultrasonic stimulation (>4500 Hz)– Electromagnetic pulse stimulation

Page 4: “Embassy Encephalopathy”: Induced Hearing Loss, Cognitive ... · –Vertigo/disequilibrium (and nausea) ... Ultra-sonic Stimulating Devices ... – Sonic and/or EM pulse generator

Pathology

• Inflammation

• Hair cell damage/death

• Membrane scarring

• Neurological damage

(repeated excitotoxic post-synaptic dendritic loss)

Page 5: “Embassy Encephalopathy”: Induced Hearing Loss, Cognitive ... · –Vertigo/disequilibrium (and nausea) ... Ultra-sonic Stimulating Devices ... – Sonic and/or EM pulse generator
Page 6: “Embassy Encephalopathy”: Induced Hearing Loss, Cognitive ... · –Vertigo/disequilibrium (and nausea) ... Ultra-sonic Stimulating Devices ... – Sonic and/or EM pulse generator

Induced Cognitive Dysfunction and Neuropathology

Possible Vectors: Neuroweapon(s)

• Pharmacology– NMDA/Glutamate-R agonists– Heavy metals (mercury/lead)– Organic solvents– Low level organotoxins

• Technology– Sonic generators– EM pulse generators– Nanoparticulates

Page 7: “Embassy Encephalopathy”: Induced Hearing Loss, Cognitive ... · –Vertigo/disequilibrium (and nausea) ... Ultra-sonic Stimulating Devices ... – Sonic and/or EM pulse generator

Mechanisms of Effect

Ultra-sonic Stimulating Devices

EM Pulse Devices

Focused cavitation in fluid media

Page 8: “Embassy Encephalopathy”: Induced Hearing Loss, Cognitive ... · –Vertigo/disequilibrium (and nausea) ... Ultra-sonic Stimulating Devices ... – Sonic and/or EM pulse generator

Mechanisms of Effect

• Focused cavitation in fluid media

Perilymph – Sub-arachnoidal media

Page 9: “Embassy Encephalopathy”: Induced Hearing Loss, Cognitive ... · –Vertigo/disequilibrium (and nausea) ... Ultra-sonic Stimulating Devices ... – Sonic and/or EM pulse generator

Mechanisms of Effect

Direct and/or Communicating Effects

Page 10: “Embassy Encephalopathy”: Induced Hearing Loss, Cognitive ... · –Vertigo/disequilibrium (and nausea) ... Ultra-sonic Stimulating Devices ... – Sonic and/or EM pulse generator

Mechanisms of EffectFocused cavitation in fluid media:

Blood

Page 11: “Embassy Encephalopathy”: Induced Hearing Loss, Cognitive ... · –Vertigo/disequilibrium (and nausea) ... Ultra-sonic Stimulating Devices ... – Sonic and/or EM pulse generator

Assessment/Diagnosis

• Neurocognitive assessment

• Neuroimaging

• Forensic anatomy

• Biopsy/Necropsy

• Modeling (in vitro, in vivo, compusimulacra)

Page 12: “Embassy Encephalopathy”: Induced Hearing Loss, Cognitive ... · –Vertigo/disequilibrium (and nausea) ... Ultra-sonic Stimulating Devices ... – Sonic and/or EM pulse generator

Best Estimate Possibility/Probability

• Drugs alone?

Unlikely• Ultrasonics?

Very Possible/Probable• EM Pulsing

– Very Possible/Probable• Combinatory approach?

– Drug/toxin– Sonic and/or EM pulse generator

Quite possible with (+) explanatory value

Possibly an artifactual environmental effect?

Yes, could be high end sonic stimulation coupled with solvent(s) and/or metals.

Probable?Not likely

Page 13: “Embassy Encephalopathy”: Induced Hearing Loss, Cognitive ... · –Vertigo/disequilibrium (and nausea) ... Ultra-sonic Stimulating Devices ... – Sonic and/or EM pulse generator

ContactProf. James Giordano PhD

[email protected]