िय ऩाठक, अिैऱ 22 को ऩृ थ ् वी ददवस मनाया जाता है , यह िाकृततक द ु तनया के साथ हमारे संबंध, और उस संबंध के अतन के बारे म बताता है। नातिकीय ऊजा ा हमारी ऊजा ा आवश ् यकताओं को ऩूरा करने की कुं जी है और हमारे स ् वच ् छ ऊजा ा िवष ् य को सुरत रखने म महत ् वऩूा ि ू तमका तनिाती है। ऩकर आनंददत ह… अय, जन जागकता सतमतत कुऱ उऩाददत वुत इकाई 25,629 तमतऱयन यूतनट केकेएनऩीऩी ारा कुऱ CO 2 उसजान म कमी 22,014,925 टन नोट: कोयऱे एवं नातिकीय ऊजाा के औसत जीवन च ीन हाउस गैस उसजान मश: 888 एवं 29 (टन/जीडयूएच) है। जऱवायु ऩररवतान आज वैिक ऩयाावर मु म सवाातधक महवऩूा है। नातिकीय वु त यून काबान िौोतगदकय म से एक है जो बती ह ु ई आबादी एवं सामाजक-आतथाक वकास के तऱए वु त उऩादन करते ह ु ए ीन हाउस गैस (CO 2 ) के उसजान म कमी ऱाती है। CO 2 के उसजान म कमी ऱाने म के केएनऩीऩी का योगदान (ददनांक 30 अिैऱ 2018 को) अब तक इस िकार है। अिैऱ 2018 के वतशट बंद ु केकेएनऩीऩी का जऱवायु ऩररवतान के यूनकर म योगदान 1 2 8,438 जन जागकता िकाशन वतररत दकए गए। 3 4 1008 घंट का जन संऩक ा, 995 ऱोग से संऩका। केकेएनऩीऩी थऱ ऩर 17 एवं थऱ के बाहर 01 जन संऩका कायाम आयोजत दकए गए। 4 861 जन जागकता टोऩयां वतररत की गई। तैयारकताा एवं संऩादक: के.बी. जाशी, ििारी अतधकारी, टीएऱडी ियोगशाऱा [email protected]ऩुनरीकताा : ऩी. ऩडारम, सदय सतचव, जन जागकता सतमतत [email protected]आर.एस. सावंत, ितश अधीक एवं अय, जन जागकता सतमतत [email protected]जारीकताा : डी.एस. चौधरी, थऱ तनदेशक, के के एनऩीऩी थऱ जन जागकता ई-संवाद ऩ कुडनकुऱम यूलऱयर ऩॉवर िोजेलट अिैऱ 2018 अंक – 70 इस अंक म : नातिकीय समाचार नातिकीय नारे माह के दौरान ऩीए गततवतधयां वशेष आऱेख नातिकीय सामाय ऻान तकनीकी स नातिकीय आंकडा कोश शदकोश जनता का वचार
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प्रिय ऩाठकों,अिऱै 22 को ऩथृ ्वी ददवस मनाया जाता है, यह िाकृततक दतुनया के साथ हमारे सबंधं, और उस सबंधं के अद्यतन के बारे में बताता है। नातिकीय ऊजाा हमारी ऊजाा आवश ्यकताओ ं को ऩरूा करने की कंुजी है और हमारे स ्वच ्छ ऊजाा िप्रवष ्य को सरुक्षऺत रखन ेमें महत ्वऩरू्ा ितूमका तनिाती है। ऩढ़कर आनदंदत हों…
Public Awareness e-NewsletterKudankulam Nuclear Power Project
April 2018 Issue – 70
Dear Readers,
When Earth Day rolls around on April 22, itprompts us our association to the natural world, andhow we can improve that association. Nuclearpower could be the key to meet our energyrequirements and also plays crucial role in securingour clean energy future. Happy read on…
Source: en.wikipedia.org
-Chairman, PA Committee
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Charadriiformes
Family: Scolopacidae
Genus: Actitis
Species: A. hypoleucos
Binomial name:
Actitis hypoleucos
In this issue:
Photography by Mr Kvasha A.V.Former Deputy Head of Russian
Specialist at KKNPP Site
Public voice
Technical session
Nuclear Database
Nuclear News
Nuclear Slogan
PA activity during the month
Feature article
Nuclear Trivia
Lexicon
No.of units of
electricity generated25,629
Million Units
Total CO2 emissions
avoided by KKNPP22,014,925
Tonnes
Note: Average lifecycle GHG emissions for Coal &Nuclear is 888 & 29 (tonnes/GWh) respectively.
Climate change is the foremost global
environmental issue today. Nuclear power is
one of the low carbon technologies that can
contribute to reducing greenhouse gas (GHG)
emissions (mostly CO2) while generating
electricity for growing populations and
socioeconomic development. KKNPPs
contribution in preventing the CO2 emissions till
now (As on Apr 30, 2018) is given below.
Spotlight of April 2018
KKNPP ‘s contribution to climate
change mitigation A glimpse of CommonSandpiper at Anu vijayTownship, Chettikulam
“The European Unionmust ensure it retainssovereignty overenergy and climate.
Reducing emissionsmust remain a priorityfor Europe, andreplacing phased-outnuclear plants with coalwould not achieve this.
Europe wasdistinguished fromother powers by its‘common commitment’to issues including theprotection of theenvironment, climateand health.
Nuclear … does notemit CO2.
If the closure of powerplants leads to thereopening of coalplants, which was thecase in Germanyunfortunately, youdegrade your CO2
balance, which isexactly contrary to theParis agreements ”
Emmanuel MacronPresident of France
Source: World Nuclear News dated 24 Apr 2018
4 861 PA Caps distributed
Page 2 of 11
Site visit commences witha structured lectureprogramme for about twohours on nuclear energy &safety features of KKNPPwith relevance to theevents at Fukushima andalso addresses the queriesmainly related toprotection of marineorganism and handling ofwaste. They are then takento Model room forfamiliarization of sitelayout, simulator facility tovisualize the functioningof safety systems andhealth physics trainingfacility to understand theconcept of radiation safetyduring normal operation& abnormal situation.Subsequently they aretaken to the Intakestructure and Desalinationplant. This programmeconcludes with a feedbacksession. Two of thefeedback received fromthe visitors are given inthis section.
Public Voice
Page 3 of 11
NPCIL Mission:
To develop nuclear powertechnology and to produceNuclear Power as a
safe, environmentally benignand economically viablesource of electrical energy tomeet the increasing needs ofcountry.
Technical session - VVER Technology
“While I am all for
renewables, I believe every
effort should be made to
make nuclear power one
of the world’s low-cost
alternatives for meeting
the urgent demand for
power while winning the
race with fossil fuels”
Important construction features:
Co
ntin
ued
…
Source: S.K. Agrawal et al. (The VVERs at KudanKulam) www.sciencedirect.comJOSEPH B. LASSITER
Senior Fellow, Senator John Heinz Professor of Management
Practice in Environmental Management, Retired
(source: https://hbswk.hbs.edu
The entire civil construction of Kudankulam NPP was agreed by
both sides to be executed as per the construction norms and
procedures prevalent in India. Nevertheless, the Russian side
included various advanced systems of construction not yet
executed out in India. Some of the important construction
features of KKNPP are as follows.
“New nuclear” technology can meet the world’s urgent demand
for power
The 55C15 pre-stressing system for the inner containment
(IC), etc.
The 55C15, pre-stressing system has been designed by
M/s. Freyssinet, France. In this system, each pre-stressing
tendon consists of 55 numbers of steel strands, 15.7mm in
diameter. Each strand is composed of 7 plys and has a sectional
area of 150 mm2. Each strand is housed in a HDPE sheath filled
1011 MW(e), PWR, Model: VVER V320 RUSSIA on 2 February Construction Start Date: 16 Jun 2010 First Criticality Date: 29 Dec 2017 First grid connection: 02 Feb 2018
Regulator approves licences for new Florida units Apr 06
Nuclear News
Council formed to support Canadian isotope production Apr 10
AEM Technology sees milestone with first VVER-TOI Apr 17
China General Nuclear (CGN)has begun loading fuel into thecore of unit 1 of the Taishannuclear power plant in China'sGuangdong province followingthe issuance of a permit fromthe regulator. The unit is laterthis year scheduled to becomethe first EPR (Thirdgeneration pressurised waterreactor, PWR) reactor to enteroperation.
Source: http://nuclearstreet.com
The US Nuclear RegulatoryCommission (NRC) has approvedthe issuance of combinedconstruction and operatinglicences (COLs) for the twoproposed AP1000 reactors at
Florida Power and Light's (FPL's) Turkey Point plant in Florida. The
Turkey Point site, about 40km south of Miami, already features two
operating 800 MWe reactors built in the 1970s. Unit 3 is currently
licensed to operate until July 2032 and unit 4 until April 2033. The site
also includes three gas-fired units.
Source: https://nuclearstreet.com
Another Japanese unit resumes commercial operation Apr 10Unit 3 of the Ohi nuclear powerplant in Japan's FukuiPrefecture today resumedcommercial operation, KansaiElectric Power Companyannounced. The reactor is thesixth to be restarted afterclearing the country's revisedsafety regulations. The NRAannounced in May 2017 thatthe two units meet safetystandards introduced in July 2013. The NRA approved Kansai's plan forstrengthening the units in August last year. The regulator subsequentlyconducted pre-operation inspections of the units to confirm that thesafety countermeasure equipment complies with the approvedconstruction plan at the plant. The governor of Fukui Prefectureapproved the restart of Ohi units 3 and 4 in November.
Source: www.world-nuclear-news.org
China will "steadily promote" thedevelopment of nuclear powerthis year, according to a planreleased today by the country'sNational Energy Administration(NEA). The plan calls for five newnuclear power reactors to bebrought online in 2018 andconstruction to be started on a
Canadian science, health care and nuclear sector organisations havelaunched an initiative aiming to ensure the country remains a worldleader in the production of medical isotopes following the final closure ofthe National Research Universal (NRU) reactor. The Canadian NuclearIsotope Council (CNIC) aims to raise awareness and support long-termpolicies at the domestic and international level.
Fuel loading under way atChinese EPR Apr 11
Source: www.world-nuclear-news.org
AEM Technology (Subsidiary ofRussian state nuclearcorporation - Rosatom) hascompleted the manufacture ofthe bottom of thereactor vessel for unit 1 of theKursk II nuclear power plantunder construction in westernRussia. This is the first of theVVER-TOI (typicaloptimised, with enhancedinformation) design nuclearreactors.
Fuel loading operations begin atTaishan 1 (Image: CGN)
As a part of Public Awareness programme, Students and staff ofSchools and Colleges and public from Tirunelveli, Tuticorin andKanyakumari districts and also from Kerala state visited KKNPP Site.They were familiarized with the nuclear power plant and Safetyfeatures of KKNPP in particular reference to the events at Fukhushima(Japan) and radiation safety during normal and abnormal operation ofNuclear power plant.
April 1954: The world’s first nuclear submarine
Nuclear Slogan
PA activity conducted at KKNPP SiteAt
site
Source: www.ucsusa.org
Spring of 1954 saw TheEngineer reporting onUSS Nautilus, the world’sfirst nuclear submarine, apioneering piece ofengineering.
Its reactor had beeneven longer in theplanning, withWestinghouse ElectricCorporation instructed todevelop a nuclear powerplant for a submarine asfar back as 1947. Theresult was the SubmarineThermal Reactor(STR, later redesignatedthe S2W), a pressurisedwater reactor thatdelivered 13,400hp(10,000kW) of power.Decommissioned in1980, today Nautilus is amuseum ship in Groton.She was designated aNational HistoricLandmark in 1982.
NASA and Columbia University found that nuclear power may havesaved 1.8 million lives that otherwise would have been lost topollution from emissions. Nuclear electricity promotes people’s well-being by improving air quality, providing jobs and stimulatingeconomies.
“Magnox” stands for Magnesium Non-Oxidizing, a term thatdescribes the magnesium alloy cladding used on the carbondioxide cooled, graphite moderated reactors of this type. In1956, the first reactor of the Magnox type — one of aneventual eight at Calder Hall — was dedicated by QueenElizabeth II and placed in service. Eventually very much largerunits were built, optimized for commercial power service(instead of dual power production and plutonium productionas initially envisaged) and the type went on to have a long andsuccessful history in the UK.
Magnox is a type of nuclear power/production reactor that wasdesigned to run on natural uranium with graphite as themoderator and carbon dioxide gas as the heat exchange coolant. Itbelongs to the wider class of gas cooled reactors.
The first magnox reactor tocome online was CalderHall (at the Sellafield site) in1956, frequently regarded asthe "first commercial-scaleelectricity producing reactorin the world", while the lastin Britain to shut down wasReactor 1 in Wylfa (on YnysMôn) in 2015.The magnox fuel elements
consisted of refined uraniumenclosed in a loose-fittingmagnox shell and thenpressurized with helium. Theoutside of the shell wastypically finned in order toimprove heat exchange withthe CO2.Like the Windscale
designs, the Magnox reactorsallowed access to the fuelchannels and couldbe refuelled whileoperating. The Magnoxdesign was superseded bythe Advanced Gas-cooledReactor, which is similarlycooled but includes anumber of changes toimprove its economicperformance.
Schematic diagram of a Magnox nuclear reactor showing gas flow. Thisrepresents an early Magnox design with a cylindrical, steel, pressure vessel.
Source: Wikipedia, http://ansnuclearcafe.org
As a part of PA
outreach
activity, Seminars, Wor
kshop, Lectures and
Exhibitions were
conducted at
Educational Institutions
and Organisations.
PA outreach programme conducted
outside KKNPP:
Date OrganisationNo of
participantsPublications distributed
April 10Rohini College of Engineering, Anjugramam, Kanyakumari District
Public Awareness Committee Kudankulam Nuclear Power ProjectKudankulam-627106 E-Mail: [email protected]
Page 11 of 11
What is Biochar? How NuclearTechnology paves the way for Climate-Smart Agriculture?
Trivia
Biochar is charcoal used as a soil amendment.
Biochar is a stable solid, rich in carbon, and can
endure in soil for thousands of years. Like most
charcoal, Biochar is produced through pyrolysis or
gasification — processes that heat biomass in the
absence (or under reduction) of oxygen.
Nuclear Trivia
Pineapples and biochar:Costa Rica generatesmore than 10 milliontonnes of pineappleresidues as a by-productper harvest — every 18months — so theydecided to use theseresidues to producebiochar. Reducingpineapple residue isespecially important,because it offers abreeding ground for thestable fly, an insect pestthat is devastating cattle.
Biochar is a PowerfullySimple Tool to CombatClimate Change:In addition to creating asoil enhancer,sustainable biocharpractices can produce oiland gas byproducts thatcan be used asfuel, providingclean, renewable energy.When the biochar isburied in the ground as asoil enhancer, thesystem can become"carbon negative.”Biochar and bioenergyco-production can helpcombat global climatechange by displacingfossil fuel use and bysequestering carbon instable soil carbon pools.
THE SCIENCE:Carbon sequestration in soil:Soil is a mixture of minerals, organic matter, gases
and water. Carbon is a key ingredient of soil and its
health, but, in a gaseous form as CO2, it is a GHG.
Plants capture carbon in the form of CO2 from the
air, transforming it into organic matter and thereby
transferring it into soil, which boosts soil productivity
and resilience to harsh climate conditions.
The idea of soil capturing and storing atmospheric
carbon dioxide (CO2), also known as carbon
sequestration, can counterbalance the increase of
GHGs. Analysing carbon isotopes allows
researchers to evaluate soil quality and sources of
carbon sequestered in the soil. By measuring
carbon sequestration, they can identify whether
biochar is enhancing soil fertility and helping reduce
CO2 emissions.
Similarly, by using fertilizers in defined plots labelled
with the nitrogen-15 stable isotope (15N) scientists
can track the amount of nitrogen taken up by plants
or lost to the atmosphere as GHGs or to surface
and groundwater, and can determine how effectively
the crops are taking up the fertilizer. This helps