“150 th anniversary of the Unification of Italy” 2... · 2011. 6. 1. · Republic Day and the Armed Forces Today, the Italian Republic celebrates its 65 th anniversary, that the

Italian Unification (1861-1918)“The Senate and the Chamber of Deputies haveapproved; We have sanctioned and hereby pro-mulgate as follows: Single Article: King Victor Emmanuel II assumesfor himself and his successors the title of Kingof Italy. Therefore, we hereby order that this Ar-ticle, bearing the seal of State, be included inthe Official Collection of the Acts of Govern-ment, and that all subjects concerned observeand enforce it as a law of the State. Done inTurin, March 17 th, 1861.”The Kingdom of Italy was thus officially proclai-med and the Single Article was included in lawNo. 4671 of the Kingdom of Sardinia after the

Bill was approved by the Parliament on 14 March 1861. On 21 April 1861 itbecame the first law of the newly-formed Kingdom of Italy.This was the result of a process that, starting from the 7 different states intowhich Italy was divided and proceeding through the 1st (1848-49) and the 2nd

(1859-1861) War of Independence and the Expedition of the Thousand (1860),ended with Victor Emmanuel II being proclaimed King of Italy. The unificationprocess continued with the 3rd War of Independence (1866), the second expe-dition to Rome headed by Garibaldi (1867) and the annexation of Rome (1870). The national unification process, that generated the current Italian State,ended with World War I (1915-1918).

2 June 1946Exactly 65 years ago, on 2 and 3 June 1946, the Italian people was called tothe polls in a universal suffrage national referendum to choose between themonarchy and a republic. Since then, to celebrate this momentous event,June 2 became a National Holiday, which for some time was celebrated onthe first Sunday of the month. In 2001, on the basis of Law no. 336, 20November 2000, Republic Day was finally established as a national holidayto be celebrated on 2 June.

This is the very message wereceived from the patriotsand soldiers, young and old,who made Italy.We have the responsibility totreasure and transmit thismessage to our future gene-rations, so that the sacrifice ofall our brethren who gavetheir lives for the completionof the unification process onthe battlefields of World War Ias well as in other wars, fou-ght in and outside the nationalterritory, won’t be forgotten,and will remind us that freedom is a precious gift, conquered at the cost of livesand requiring to be nurtured and safeguarded through our continued commitment.Our Armed Forces have marched side by side with Italian history, fighting to conquerand maintain the unity of the country and to ensure that its borders and interests bedefended. They have contributed to maintain internal security, coping with naturaldisasters and humanitarian emergencies, responding to the needs of the Italian peo-ple in situations as diverse as the 1908 earthquake in Calabria and Sicily and therecent environmental emergency in Naples and in its province. The Italian militaryare presently engaged in international peacekeeping and security missions abroad,complex and often difficult activities, implemented in the best interest of the wholecommunity, also to contrast terrorism and keep its threat away from our homes.In these 150 years of Italian history, the Italian Armed Forces have always re-sponded to the call of their Homeland, proving their commitment and determi-nation, regardless of sacrifice, showing superb loyalty and courage, anddeserving the love and gratefulness of the Italian people. The reason why, as Minister of Defence in the year of the 150th anniversary ofthe Italian unification, I called for all the celebrations of the various Armed For-ces to be closely connected to this anniversary is that the history of the ArmedForces and Italian history form a single, indivisible, wonderful reality.

Ignazio La Russa

REPUBLIC DAY CELEBRATIONSPROGRAM

10.00 amHosting of National Flag, Altare della Patria, Piazza Venezia

Italian President Giorgio Napolitano pays homage to the Unknown Soldier

11.00 amMilitary Parade

1.15 pmJoint Military Band Performance – Piazza Venezia

www.difesa.it

g{x \àtÄ|tÇ `|Ç|áàxÜ Éy WxyxÇvx

“150th anniversary of the Unification of Italy”150 years ago, on 17 March 1861, in Turin, the proclamation of the Kingdom ofItaly and the birth of the Italian National State, reuniting under a single flag thedifferent states that composed Italy before its unification, marked the fulfilmentof the dream of many generations of patriots. The successful result of the Expedition of the Thousand and the final defeatof the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies by the Savoy Army marked the end of aprocess that had begun many years before, fostered by the works of poetsand writers such as Manzoni, Ippolito Nievo and Silvio Pellico; a process in-spired by the ideas and actions of great patriots and enlightened statesmen,Mazzini and Cavour in the first place. A process that was brought to a succes-sful conclusion by the soldiers of the Piedmont Army and the scores of volun-teers who, since 1848, rushed from every village to fight together on thebattlefields of the Italian peninsula to finally consign to history a united, freeand independent Italian state. In 1860 the wholehearted belief that Italy could be unified drove Giuseppe Ga-ribaldi, by then victorious, to accept the invitation to speak from the main balconyof the Royal Palace in Naples. It was a memorable, farsighted speech, that isstill extremely meaningful: “Harmony is Italy’s first need, the second being unityamong all Italians”. These very significant words, a precious legacy for futuregenerations, were actually put into effect sometime later in Teano, where Gari-baldi met Victor Emmanuel II and recognised him as the King of Italy. Thesewere the feelings that inspired the values of Risorgimento and the current na-tional values: Democracy, Equality, Justice, Love for one’s country. These arethe sacred values that the Italian Armed Forces, which played a fundamentalrole both in the unifying process and in the establishment and consolidation ofthe feeling of national unity, are called to protect.

Republic Day and the Armed ForcesToday, the Italian Republic celebrates its 65th anniversary, that the Armed For-ces will honor with the traditional military parade. These year’s theme, "The150th anniversary of the Italian Unification", aims at illustrating the dedicationand spirit of sacrifice that bind the Armed Forces to the destiny of the country.The Armed Forces are at the service of the Republic. This is the formula usedby the law to express, in the highest and deepest terms, the indissoluble linkbetween the Armed Forces and Italy, its institutions, its people. The Armed For-ces serve the community and, at the same time, are its direct expression andthe embodiment of its values. By their presence and their daily work, they fulfillthe sacred duty all Italian citizens are called to by the Constitution: the defenseof the country. True to this commitment, the Armed Forces constantly adapttheir composition, organization and way of working to the priorities arising fromthe institutional tasks they are called to perform.Italy, with its Armed Forces, remains a pillar of stability in the euro-Atlantic areaand the Mediterranean basin, ensuring continuous monitoring and protectionof the territory under its sovereignty and contributing to the security of the allies,in accordance with the treaties in force. Italy plays a major role in the defence of international security, taking part withits contingents to major military stabilization operations. Every day, more than7000 Italian military fulfil their duty in different crisis areas, far from their Coun-try, in hard and risky conditions. This commitments add up to activities carriedout within the Country to fulfil the institutional duties assigned to Defence, in-cluding tasks that do not fall within the purely and typically military sphere: forexample, specific tasks performed to cope with natural disasters or in othercases of extraordinary necessity and urgency.

PARADE MARCHING ORDERPROLOGUE

- Granatieri di Sardegna Band - 1786 (A)- Under the “Tricolore”

( the Italian Flag)- “Oliosi” flag- 1866- Gonfalons of the Capitals:

Turin, Florence, Rome

PARADE BEGINS- Carabinieri Band - Troops Commander (A)- Flags of the Armed Forces and

of the Guardia di Finanza (GdF)- Gonfalons of the Italian Regions,

Provinces and Municipalities- Military standards of Service and

Veterans’ Associations

SPECIAL AND HIGHREADINESS FORCES

- Joint Coy(A, AF, N, CC, GdF, POLPEN)

1ST SECTOR: HISTORY AND REENACTMENT

(1861-1865)- Commander, 1st Sector (N)

1st Sub-sector (1861-1865)Origins of the Unified State and

Armed Forces(Historic Uniform)

- Commander,1st Sub-sector (A)- “Pozzuolo del Friuli” Band (A)

- Grenadiers of Sardinia Coy1st Regiment - Origins of the ItalianArmy (A)

- Navy Formation - Origins of the Navy- Carabinieri Coy

Origins of the Carabinieri- Guardia di Finanza Coy

Foundation of the GdF

2nd Sub-sector (1866-1914)From the III War of Independence

to World War I(Historic Uniform)

- Commander, 2nd Sub-sector (N)- Army Coy - “Lancieri di Montebello”

(8th Rgt)- Army Coy - Mountain Troops “Alpini”

(1872)- Navy Formation

1 Flag, 2 standards- Carabinieri Coy

Carabinieri Cadets Legion - GdF Coy - Italian Red Cross Coy

Military Red Cross Corps- Italian Red Cross Coy

Volunteer Nursing Corps- Horse and hand - drawn ambulances

(1866) (CRI)- Bersaglieri Band (A)- Army Coy - Bersaglieri- Ambulanza Ippotrainata - Ambulanza

Manutrainata (1866) (CRI) - Fanfara Bersaglieri (EI)- Cp.EI - Bersaglieri

3rd Sub-sector (1915-1918)World War I

(Historic Uniform)

- Commander, 3rd Sub-sector (AF)- “Sassari” Brigade Band (A)- Army Coy (Infantry- Grenadiers

Mountain Troops, Alpini)- Navy Formation- Flags:

COMOS, “Carlotto” Regiment- Carabinieri Coy - CC Formation- Guardia di Finanza Coy

GdF Formation- Formation of the Sovereign Military

Order of Malta (SMOM)- Historic Vehicles (A,N,AF)

4th Sub-sector (1919-1945)From the end of WWI to the end of

WWII and Liberation War (Historic uniforms)

- Commander, 4th Sub-sector (CC)- Carabinieri Institute Cadet Band- Army company (1940/1942 uniform)- Navy Formation- Air Force Formation- Carabinieri Coy - Paratroops

employed in Northern Africa- Guardia di Finanza Coy

GdF Formation- Joint Coy - Representatives of the

Liberation War (A-N-AF, CC, GdF) - Historic Vehicles (A , CRI, N, AF)

2nd SECTORInternational Missions

- Commander, 2nd Sector (AF)- Navy Band- Friendly and Allied Nations’ Flags - UN – NATO - EU Flags- Friendly and Allied Nations’ Formation

1st Sub-sector Theatres of Operations:

Africa and Europe(Combat Uniform)

- Commander, 1st sub-sector (GdF)

African Theatre of Operations(Somalia, Congo, Mozambique,

Darfur, Libya, Eritrea, Op. Atalanta)

- AF Coy- Joint Medical Coy: “Celio”

Military Polyclinic (A, AF, N., CC, IIVV)

European Theatre of Operations(Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina,

Kosovo, FYROM)

- Army Coy – Railway Engineer Rgt - Carabinieri Coy - MSU - Mixed “Police” Coy

(GdF, CP, POLPEN, CFS)- National Civil Service

2nd Sub-Sector Theatres of operations:

Middle East, Asia and America(Combat Uniform )

- Commander, 2nd sub-sector (A)- The Commander,

US Naval Forces Europe Band

Middle Eastern Theatre (Lebanon, Kurdistan, Iraq, MFO)

- Army Coy – Parachute Regiment - Navy, Air Force, Carabinieri Coy

Asian Theatre(East Timor, Afghanistan)

- Army CoyMountain Troops “Alpini” Rgt.

- Joint Coy (N, AF, CC, GdF)

American theatre of operations(Haiti)

- Navy Coy – Military Component- Civilian component Coy

(VVFF, CRI, PROCIV)

3rd SECTOR Excellence and Specialist Units

Present and Future- Commander, 3rd Sector (CC)

1st Sub-sector Military Schools and Academies

- Commander, 1st sub-sector (N)- Air Force Band - Military School Joint Coy - Nunziatella

Teulié (A), Morosini (N), Douhet (AF)

- Army and Carabinieri CoyModena Military Academy

- Navy Coy - Livorno Navy Academy - Air Force Coy

Pozzuoli Air Force Academy - Guardia di Finanza Coy

Bergamo GdF Academy- Carabinieri Coy

Rome Officers’ School 2nd Sub-sector

Special and High Readiness Forces - Commander, 2nd Sub-sector (AF)- Army Coy

9th Parachute Rgt. “Col Moschin” - Navy Coy - COMSUBIN - Air Force Coy

Raiders and Riflemen - Carabinieri Coy - GIS - Army Coy

4th Alpini Parachute Regiment - Carabinieri Coy

1st Rgt Carabinieri “Tuscania”- Guardia di Finanza Coy - GICO/PI - State Police Coy - NOCS - Penitentiary Police Coy - GOM

3rd Sub-sectorLanding, aerial andstabilization forces

- Commander, 3rd Sub-sector (CC)- Guardia di Finanza Band (GdF)- Army Coy - Lagunari Rgt.

“Serenissima” (amphibious troops) - Navy Coy - “San Marco” Rgt.- Navy Formation

(Surface and submarine units )- Joint Coy - Military Air Forces

(A, N, AF, CC, GdF)

- Multinational Coy(EUROGENDFOR, CoESPU)

- Army Coy (Cimic Group South,28° Rgt. “Pavia” PSYOPS,7° Rgt. “Cremona” NBC)

- Army, CC, AF, GdF Formation(Dog units, EOD assets)

4th Sub-sectorPolice and Relief Forces

- Commander, 4th Sub-sector(State Police)

- Navy Formation- Coast Guard - Carabinieri Coy – Heliborne squadron

Cacciatori “Calabria” and “Sardegna” - Guardia di Finanza Coy

GdF Naval Service - Joint Relief Coy – Military personnel

(A, N, AF, CC, GdF, CRI, IIVV, SMOM)- Joint Relief Coy - Civilian Personnel

(PS, POLPEN,CFS, VVF ,CRI, CISOM)

5th Sub-sector Italian Scientific and

Tecnological Excellence - Commander, 5th Sub-sector (A)- Falco UAV – UAV – VTLM Lince

(one equipped with a remotelyoperated turret , one with a gunnerprotection package, one normalversion, one ambulance version)VBA -VTMM ambulanceVBM Freccia, antitank version

VBM Freccia with “Soldato Futuro”robotics - CENTAURO 120CENTAURO 76/62 DRACOCENTAURO 155/39 – PORCUPINE(Counter Rocket Artillery and Mortar(C/RAM) system) – ASTRA TRUCKwith armoured cab (Army)

- EMPAR RadarMISSILES: ASTER 15 – ASTER 30TESEO MK3 –TORPEDOES:BLACK SHARK – MU 90C-MES fast patrol boat withOTOMELARA turretCoast Guard: fast patrolboat class 600 – Coast Guard PMCMobile Environmental Laboratory,Ministry of the Environment

RAT 31 DL/M (AF) RadarPatrol Motor Boat Class V3000V 2000 (GdF) IVECO ONE NBCR Vehicle (VVF)Mobile Laboratory (CFS)

EPILOGUE- Commander, Carabinieri Mounted

Troops- Carabinieri Mounted Band - Sqd. rgt “Lancieri di Montebello” (A)- Mounted Sqd - Rgt. (CC)- Mounted Sqd (PS) - Mounted Sqd (CFS)

A= ArmyN= NavyAF = Air ForceCC= CarabinieriGdF = Guardia di Finanza (Customs Police)POLPEN = Penitentiary PoliceCFS = State Forestry Corps

PS = State PoliceCRI = Italian Red CrossIIVV = Volunteer Nursing CorpsVVF = Fire BrigadeCP = Coast GuardSMOM = Sovereign Military Order of MaltaPROCIV: Italian Civil Protection

LEGENDA