1 Hemant Kumar The owner of arorajewels make fine costum jewellery in real stones since 1994 he have experience of this work near about 20 years. He makes Mughal jadau, antique jewellery , kundan meena jewellery and also design it. His skills and expertise in Jewellery , Jewellery design and luxury goods. Jaipur Area, India January 1994 – Present (19 years 3 months) jaipur (india) Hemant Kumar's Overview Current :Mughal jadau antique jewellery,kundan meena jewellery. at arorajewels Past: Owner at arorajewels Connections :278 connections Groups and association: Dziner jewellery , UK luxury jobs , Luxury talents community. 1
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
1
Hemant Kumar
The owner of arorajewels make fine costum jewellery in real stones since 1994 he have
experience of this work near about 20 years. He makes Mughal jadau, antique jewellery ,
kundan meena jewellery and also design it.
His skills and expertise in Jewellery , Jewellery design and luxury goods.
Jaipur Area, India
January 1994 – Present (19 years 3 months) jaipur (india)
Hemant Kumar's Overview
Current :Mughal jadau antique jewellery,kundan meena jewellery. at arorajewels
Past: Owner at arorajewels
Connections :278 connections
Groups and association:
Dziner jewellery , UK luxury jobs , Luxury talents community.
1
2
Jewellery
Jewellery is a type of accessory that includes necklaces, rings, bracelets, watches, and
earrings, etc. Jewellery is designed for men, women, and children and can be made from a
variety of different categories. Jewelry started about 1,00,000 years ago,. Began with materials
made from bone, teeth, wood and shell. The first known jewelry pieces were worn by the Cro-
Magnons about 40,000 years ago. These pieces were made of bone and teeth and were worn as
necklaces and earrings to show tribal membership. Later on incorporated beads, stone & gems.
Egyptians were first to use gold and metals for creating jewelry. Jewellery were considered a
symbol of power and wealth. Factors affecting the choice of materials include cultural
differences and the availability of the materials. Jewellery differs from other items of personal
adornment in that it has no other purpose than to look appealing. Items such
as belts and handbags are consideretobe accessories rather than jewellery.
2
3
Types of Indian Jewelry
In India, jewelry is designed to match with the attire. The theme of its design as well as the
color of the jewelry is taken into consideration while adoring. To make jewelry more attractive,
it is topped by diamonds and various types of gems.
Traditionally, Indian jewelry has been made of heavy and voluminous gold pieces, but recently
jewelry made of silver, platinum and other metals has become quite popular among people. The
popularity of jewelry made of stone, encrusted on metal, has grown more recently. In the
following lines, we will tell you about the different kinds of jewelry in India.
Antique Jewelry
The jewelry which is not in mainstream production and of which the mode of production
is no longer popular is known by the name of 'Antique Jewelry.' This kind of jewelry has dull
and rough look, combined with an old world-world charm, and this serves as the major USP of
such jewelry. It takes you back to yore era, by its unfinished and dull looks. The jewelry pieces
in antique jewelry usually belong to a particular period of history, when its popularity was at its
peak.
In India, you can find antique jewelry in numerous forms, like meenakari , kundan work,
and so on. Those pieces of antique jewelry that are extremely rare are usually sold at auctions,
in antique stores and curio shops. They include the jewelry that belongs to the early period of
history. It is this rarity ofantique jewelry that makes it so appealing. However, at
times, jewelry that is furnished in antique pattern is also given the name of antique jewelry.
3
4
Bead Jewelry
Bead art in India is five thousand year old and dates back to the time of Indus Valley, ivory and
even wood. The excavated carried out there came out with finished and unfinished beads from
the site. After looking onto them, one gets amazed at the wonderful sense of bead work and
jewelry at that time.
The bead making part of making bead jewelry is extremely intricate and time consuming. As
regards the procedure for the same, the material out of which beads are to be made is first
chiseled to obtain a desired shape and size. Thereafter, a hole is drilled into the material.
Bridal Jewelry
Indian brides wear jewelry sets that are made in gold, be it necklaces, bangles, anklets and
earrings. Many a time, the bridal jewelry is set with diamonds and other precious stones. The
4
5
modern day bride prefers to have some modern wearable items of gold jewelry in her trousseau.
Not many would like to be weighed down by heavy jewelry that cannot be worn often and will
be more an invitation for thieves. Come the wedding season and you can see crowds thronging
the jewelry stores. Indian bridal jewelry has always been considered her 'streedhan' - personal
wealth that would stand in good stead in times of need.
Custom Jewelry
Custom jewelry is personalized jewelry, which a customer gets her made on her interest and
fancy. This happens particularly in cases where ready made jewelry does not match the taste of
person. Custom jewelry gives total freedom to customer about the specifics. She can ask for
various personal touches and get everything made as per her ideas. In fact, it gives ample space
for personal choice and taste to customer, which is not available in case of ready made
jewellery.
5
6
Fashion Jewelry
Fashion jewelry is also called costume jewelry, mainly for the reason that it is not made of
precious metals and stones, rather lighter and cheaper material are used. For those who are open
to experimentation with new and unusual designs, shapes and colours, costume jewelry offers
plethora of choices.
Rather than using precious ingredients, like gold, silver, platinum and white gold, fashion
jewelry designers use cheap products, like jute, leather, peppier mache, bakelite plastic, wood,
bone, stone, oxidized metal, horn, lac, terracotta, etc.
Filigree Jewelry
Filigree work is done on silver and involves lots of precision and technicality, added with great
amount of patience and an eye for minute details. Historically, filigree work was quite popular
in countries like Egypt, Italy, and Spain. Indian filigree work is unique in its genre and
aesthetics. It is immensely inspired by Greek filigree work, the same style and old charm has
6
7
been kept intact till now, by Indian artisans. Filigree jewelry is mainly popular in Orissa and
Andhra Pradesh.
Gold Jewelry
Gold is a metal that lures many. It gives the security against any financial crisis, because of its
easy liquidity, and is also used by women for adorning themselves. Traditionally, gold has been
considered auspicious among Hindus and is regarded to be symbolic of Lakshmi, the Goddess
of Wealth. Gold is symbol of perfection, immortality and prosperity; it is the substance that
myths and legends are made of. It is a favorite for making jewelry, for the reason that it is anti-
rust and has an everlasting shine.
Jadau Jewelry
Jadau Jewelry forms one of the major examples of high skilled craftsmanship that was brought
into India by Mughals. Historically speaking, the tradition of Jadau work has been in practice in
the states of Rajasthan and Gujarat since the Mughal era. Jadau jewellery is also called
7
8
engraved jewelry and is unique and a kind in itself. Considered to be a traditional jewelry of
India, it is used in many traditional and auspicious occasions.
Kundan jewellery
During Mughal period, the art of kundan work reached Rajasthan from Delhi. Later on,
craftsmen from the different part of the country migrated to the place and made Rajasthan a hub
of Kundankari. Rulers and feudal lords gave patronage to the art and it developed into
perfection. Kundankari is basically done on gold and silver jewelry. Traditional kundan
jewellery has stones encrusted on one side and colorful and intricate meenakari on the reverse.
Meenakari jewelry
8
9
In Meenakari jewelry, precious stones are set and then enameled with gold. Historically
speaking, the art was introduced to Rajasthan artisans by Raja Mansingh of Amer. He invited
Lahore-based skilled artisans to his kingdom, and their intermingling with the locals craftsmen
resulted in an amalgam, which came to be known as Meenakari. Meenakari is also a team work,
where specialization of skill is of paramount importance. As it is generally done on the reverse
side of kundan jewellery, meenakar has to work with goldsmith, engraver or ghaaria, designer
or chitteria as well as jadiya.
Silver Jewelry
Silver Jewelry, along with gold jewelry, is quite popular amongst Indian women. Ornaments
made of silver, such as rings, bracelets, chains, necklaces, nose rings, earrings, toe rings, heavy
kadas, and armlets, form integral part of Indian jewelry. Whereas gold jewelry has been the
most popular among Indian women since ages, silver jewelry is not far behind in popularity.
Apart from cities, it finds solace in the rural areas and tribal areas of the country as well. In fact,
silver made jewelry is forms an integral part of the adoration and dress of tribal people.
9
10
Stone Jewelry
Jewelry studded with different gems is quite popular among Indians. For reasons ranging from
spiritual to aesthetic to health, gemstone jewelry has become the part of life of Indian women
and men both. These stone jewelries are worn according to the individual's astrological
chart and ruling of planet. Navaratna i.e. the combination of nine gems together, to form a
necklace forms important part in the life and fashion of Indian women. These stones are
believed to have extraordinary healing power.
Antique Jewelry History
Georgian Jewelry
The term Georgian refers to an era in English history during the reign of King George I-IV from
1714 - 1830. Like the term Victorian (used for jewelry during Queen Victoria's rule), it is
accepted in use as a term that refers to certain styles of jewelry. While this time period saw a
number of stylistic changes and, is in reality a broad, sweeping category, the label is oft used for
jewelry with certain characteristics. Sometimes the term is applied to jewelry from other
10
11
countries (France, Italy, and the United States for example) and although its use is not entirely
appropriate, it is generally still accepted as a way to refer to a time period and to certain styles
of antique jewelry.
Eighteenth Century Jewelry
For the privileged and elite, that century saw a great increase in evening pursuits as
improvements in the manufacture of candles gave rise to longer burning and brighter candles.
Balls and soirees of sumptuous proportions rose to exceptional heights. Thus the divide between
day and evening jewelry marked a new chapter in jewelry history. Women often wore pearls,
garnets, moss agate or colored gems or paste in daytime. The most formal evening events,
courts, balls and receptions were the only appropriate times to wear diamond jewelry.
Consequently, diamonds found new favor. Mines opened in Golconda, India and Brazil began
to produce stones in the 1720's. Now diamonds were more readily available.
Closed backs were used on almost all gems and paste stones. Open backs were known, but most
of the examples we see today are of the closed style. The true art of stone cutting (and allowing
light through a gem to reveal its refractive properties) was not yet truly understood. In addition,
then most stones were foiled. Foiling is the use of a metal coating, sometimes colored, painted
on the back of a stone to enhance its brilliance. The cut of gems were either the rose cut or the
old mine cut, although a few table cuts were still in use. Brilliant cuts also gained in popularity.
Often for colored gems a flat cut was used - the top being flat with a few facets on the edges.
For metals silver or gold was in use; platinum was not as yet discovered and white gold was not
used in jewelry. Rose gold, yellow gold, silver, and sometimes green or red gold were
employed. Most diamond jewelry was almost always set in silver; the sentiments of the time
were that the silver color of the metal enhanced the properties of diamonds, whereas a gold
surrounding did not. The backs of jewelry and ear wires were often gold to prevent tarnish on
skin and clothing. Colored gems were set in gold. Mounts or bezels for jewels were frequently
set in a closed setting, a cut away setting or in a very early claw setting (usually seen for early
11
12
large pastes). The first two mountings show a good bit of metal that comes up around the sides
of the stone, thereby encasing the stone in metal.
Stylistically, the earlier part of the century saw a more ornate form of jewelry with complex and
frilly designs. As the years progressed and the next century advanced, the forms turned to more
of a neoclassical inspiration of simpler geometric and formal derivation. Also it was a great
century for paste. Even Marie Antoinette had her own paste jewelers - it was not just for those
who could not afford real gems. Some examples of the themes and motifs used in the earlier
18th century were bows, floral designs, giardinetti (garden) and feathers while later times saw
classical themes such as arrows, quivers, lyres, intaglios, and geometric forms.
Types of jewelry worn were the stomacher (a large element worn similarly to a huge brooch at
the center of the stomach just below the breasts and trailing down the front), aigrettes (elements
for the hair), girandoles (three drop earrings), pendeloque earrings (a bow and drop form),
necklaces (sometimes secured by ribbons, rings, slides), bracelets typically worn in pairs
usually slipped onto a ribbon, chatelaines, and buckles and buttons - for men for shoes, breeches
and other clothing.
Nineteenth Century Through 1830 - Antique Jewelry
Toward the end of the earlier century and into the next, wars tore through Europe and affected
life and, consequently, jewelry. Often gold and precious gems were in short supply as these
items were typically given toward the war effort. Jewelry used less metal, even of very thin
proportion, and cannetille came into use. Cannetille uses tiny wires that are wrapped to make a
much more ornate jewel utilizing little metal. A romantic era arose, again sentimental and
mourning jewelry became popular by the end of the 18th century and into the 19th. Regard
rings, symbolic gems, tokens of affection, and lockets of hair all found great favor. Gems were
small and less significant. Queen Victoria's reign brought about many changes in temperament
and the jewelry and fashion which followed suite ending a grand and elegant era in the
production of jewelry.
12
13
Deep in our most primal consciousness lies the urge to adorn ourselves with things of beauty
and value. Since the earliest dawn of time we as human beings have had cherished items that we
have wanted to wear close to our body and I believe the reasons for this have stayed the same
over millenia:
A token of our love for someone.
An Amulet or Talisman.
An Adornment.
A functional item decorated and made beautiful.
A lucky charm.
A religious symbol or icon.
A badge or identifier with a clan tribe religion or culture.
A reflection of our place in society, wealth or status.
A statement about who we are and what we value.
A connection to our heritage and our ancestors.
How many items of jewelry do you have that do not fall into at least one of the categories
above? I know that all my most treasured items do.
Archaeological finds of shells utilised as bead jewelry are now believed to date back around
100,000 years.
Imagine prehistoric man as he wandered through the shrub hunting for nuts and berries, seeing
something colourful and unusual that caught his eye, picking it up and and treasuring it.
Imagine him proudly presenting it to his mate and her cherishing this special item and wanting
to keep it close to her, perhaps threading it on a simple twine how precious and magical that
item will have been to her.
13
14
How far have we really changed since then? Value is an objective thing and this is reflected in
the fashions for jewelry throughout the ages. We value things that are important to ourselves as
a product of the time and environment we live in.
Some things have an intrinsic value such as precious metals or gemstones, but how many
people have something they value that is not 'worth' any monetary value but instead has a value
that surpasses all proscribed value to make it priceless and irreplaceable.
Interestingly Antique Jewelry as a genre reflects this, with many pieces of antique and
collectible jewelry having incredible value that far surpasses their inherent gemstone or
precious metal raw value, because of the wonderful, fascinating history and unique
workmanship of the pieces.
We have the lavish jewels of ancient cultures such as the Egyptians and Romans and the
extravagances of more modern societies such as the Belle Epoque Edwardian Jewelry era with
rich 18ct Gold and 15ct Gold and a rainbow of glittering gemstones such as Kashmir Sapphires,
Ceylon Sapphires, Burmese Rubies and Emerald and the purity of white gold, cocktail rings &
platinum diamond rings so popular in the Art Deco period, however some of the most
wonderful rare and collectible jewelry is constructed of materials that have no value as precious
metals or gemstones, although the irony is the rarity of these pieces can make them incredibly
valuable!
Consider the ladies of nobility in the early 1800's and Regency period donating their gold and
jewels for the war fund and in exchange for gold they were given Iron work crosses, brooches,
necklaces and bracelets some bearing the inscription "Gold gab ich fur eisen" (I gave gold for
iron).
This wonderful intricate jewelry with its spider web delicate designs made from simple iron
which as a metal although it is strong is fragile prone to rust and decay. Berlin Ironwork jewelry
is now incredibly rare and valuable as so little survived the passages of time and those pieces
that have come with such a colourful and rich history for collectors like ourselves to cherish.
14
15
Antique silver penannular cloak pin
As regular readers here know I love going to auctions and thats where I buy much of my
vintage jewellery. At a recent auction I acquired a parcel of jewellery which had this unusual
antique penannular cloak pin in it and Id like to find out more about this piece.
Pennanular Brooch
What I know about this Cloak pin
This cloak pin is huge compared with most you see from the Victorian era and I am thinking it
is much older than that. This cloak pin is penannular in design with the fastening ring not being
a complete circle having ends with do not quite join up but just touch. It measures about 16
cms long and is almost 7.5 cms wide maximum. This pin weighs about 44 grams. Due to this
larger size it could have been worn on heavier fabrics or as a status symbol.