anti malarial drugs

Post graduate college of nursing

lahore

objectives

At the end of this presentation the learner will be able to:

Define the anti malarial drugs.

Recognize the Actions of antimalarial drugs.

Describe the Indications of antimalarial drugs .

Discuss the contraindications.

Identify the Toxic effects.

Interpret the dose of antimalarial drugs.

Identify the Nursing Interventions .

What is malaria?

It is a protozoal disease characterized

by paroxysms of chills ,fever and

invasion of red blood cells by parasite

plasmodium.

Types of malaria

• There are four species of plasmodium

(malarial parasite).

• Plasmodium vivax (most common)

• Plasmodium malaria

• Plasmodium ovale

• Plasmodium falciparum ( most dangerous)

Anti malarial drugs

• Chloroquine

• Resochin

• Fansidar

Chloquine

• It has long been used in the treatment or

prevention of malaria. After the malaria

parasite Plasmodium falciparum started

to develop.

Actions

• Chloroquine is an aminoquinoline. It is

thought to kill sensitive malaria parasites by

stopping normal metabolism inside the

parasite.

Indication

• Chloroquine can be used for preventing

malaria from Plasmodium vivax, P. ovale

and P. malariae.

Contra indication

• Allergy

• Pregnany

• If you have psoriasis, stomach or intestinal

problems, liver disease, or central nervous

system problems

Toxic effects

• Side effects include gastrointestinal

problems, stomachache, itch, headache,

• postural hypotension, nightmares and blurred

vision.

• Another serious side effect is toxicity to the

eye or Chloroquine retinopathy.

Dosage

• Artemether-lumefantrine (artem™)

1 tablet = 20mg artemether and 120 mg

lumefantrine

3-day treatment schedule with a total of 6 oral

doses. The patient should receive the initial

dose, followed by the second dose 8 hours

later, then 1 dose po bid for the following 2

days.

Fansidar

• Generic name: sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine

• Treating and preventing malaria when other

medicines (eg, chloroquine) are not effective

or appropriate.

Actions

• Fansidar is an antimalarial agent. It works

by blocking the formation of folinic acid

within the malaria organism, which kills

the parasite.

Indications

Prevention of Falciparum Malaria that is

Resistant to Chloroquine.

Conta indications

• Pregnancy

• Breast feeding

• Allergy

• anemia

Toxic effects

• Diarrhea

• Dizziness

• Headache

• Nausea

• Vomiting.

Dosage

• For adults; 2 to 3 tablets taken as a single dose.

Once Weekly 1 tablet Once Every

2 Weeks 2 tablets.

• For children; The dosage for treatment of

malaria in children is based upon body weight

Nursing interventions

• Take Fansidar after a meal.

• Swallow Fansidar whole. Do not break, crush,

or chew before swallowing.

• Drinking extra fluids while you are taking

Fansidar is recommended.

• If you miss a dose of Fansidar, take it as soon

as possible. Do not take 2 doses at once.

References

• www.wikipedia.com

• www.clinicalnursing.com

• www.webmed.com

• Danish,I.(2012).Medical Diagnosis And Management.(11th ed).karachi.paramountpublishing enterprize.