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Duke La( Journa!
No&em)er* 1990
+ook Re&"e(
*1163T,E TE-PTT/#N ND LL # #R/%/NL UNDER$TND/N%
nthon E. ookNa
o4r"ght 1991 ) the Duke La( Journa!5 nthon E. ook
T,E TE-PT/N% # -ER/ T,E P#L/T/L $EDUT/#N # T,E L'* ) Ro)ert ,.
+ork 7ree Press* 1989.
/NTR#DUT/#N
#n r":a* June 26* 198;* Le("s Po(e!! announ
the :"sastrous "m4!"
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se:us theoret") re=eren
?u:"
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"e!: to the se:u
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+ res4on:"ng to these o= s =oun:at"onsC 74. 136.
Rather than ana!Be the strengths an: (eaknesses o= +ork>s treatment o= !")era! an:
The trans"t"on =rom me:"e&a!"sm to !")era!"sm em)o:"e: a ske4t"
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o= re!"g"on an: !a(* o=="s :eonto!og"4rote
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?u:"
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1990 DUKELJ 1163 Page 81990 Duke L.J. 1163
+ork>s ?u:" The rea! sour
AFuest"ons o= )rea:th o= a44roas :"s
un:erstan:"ng* +ork argues that ?u:ges are to "nter4ret the eFua! 4rote
the sos re!"an
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h"s &"e(* the ourt (ou!: ha&e stoo: on more !eg"t"mate groun: ha: "t s"m4! g"&en 4r"ma
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1990 DUKELJ 1163 Page 101990 Duke L.J. 1163
"nter4retat"on (as (rong* )ut a!so on (hether the "nter4retat"on has a!tere: so su)stant"a!! the e4e
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1990 DUKELJ 1163 Page 111990 Duke L.J. 1163
N29Thus* the "ssue (as (hether there (as the reFu"s"te state astate a
4ra
the state
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1990 DUKELJ 1163 Page 121990 Duke L.J. 1163
!"m"ts o= state a
o)ser&at"ons m"ght ass"st "n assess"ng the nature o= +ork>s 4ro)"ng "ns"ghts as (e!! as 4ro=oun: )!"n:nesses. Taken together* ho(e&er* the 4ro&":e a 4art"a! so!ut"on
to the -a:"son"an :"!emma an: 4rom"se to :ea! more e==e
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1990 DUKELJ 1163 Page 131990 Duke L.J. 1163
/nter4ret"&"sts s
4ro!"="< "nstan
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1990 DUKELJ 1163 Page 11990 Duke L.J. 1163
(or:s to meanC 74. 1. Th"s ans(er "s "nten:e: to re)u== the s mo&e "s su)?e("th"n the sos a=="rmat"&e aan: s su44ose:!
neutra! ?u:"
the ?u:"
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1990 DUKELJ 1163 Page 11990 Duke L.J. 1163
"s "n:e4en:ent o= the ramers> "ntentHno matter ho( the not"on o= A"ntentC "s un:erstoo:. N6s a
theor o= un:erstan:"ng an: "nter4ret"ng the onst"tut"on* or"g"na! un:erstan:"ng thus
:"s
-a:"son>s hermeneut"< theor "s most &"&":! e4resse: "n The (ederalistNo. 3;
The use o= (or:s "s to e4ress ":eas. Pers4"
a44ro4r"ate to them. +ut no !anguage "s so
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4erm"ts s"m"!ar a)use. U!t"mate! (e must :e4en:* un:er e"ther mo:e!* on the "ntegr"t* "nte!!e
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1990 DUKELJ 1163 Page 161990 Duke L.J. 1163
4h"!oso4h to :eterm"ne the"r &a!ues* !"nk those &a!ues to the onst"tut"on* an: attem4t to :emonstrate ho(
*1186 the"r theor"es :es
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1990 DUKELJ 1163 Page 181990 Duke L.J. 1163
+ :"s
argument regar:"ng the har:
?ust"="
#=
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1990 DUKELJ 1163 Page 191990 Duke L.J. 1163
"nter4retat"on "s seen as )ase: on 4ra
*1191erta"n! non"nter4ret"&"sts ha&e "t r"ght (hen the argue that
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1990 DUKELJ 1163 Page 201990 Duke L.J. 1163
trou)!esome nature o= "nter4ret"ng "t. The are at !east 4art"a!!
reramers an: rat"="ers ma ha&e thought eFua!"t an: segregat"on (ere
8/13/2019 Anthony Cook on Judicial Interpretation(1)
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1990 DUKELJ 1163 Page 211990 Duke L.J. 1163
Th"s
ourt "s (arrante:* un:er h"s theor* "n :e4art"ng =rom e"ther. That the ourt>s task "n :eterm"n"ng (hether
eFua!"t o= =a
*1194
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1990 DUKELJ 1163 Page 221990 Duke L.J. 1163
ra
the &a!ue o= eFua!"t em)ra
N;6a reme: +ork =!at! re?e
"nter4ret"&"sm. The tet an: h"stor"
"nter4retat"ons. Thus* on the "n:eterm"na
that the
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I. T#'RD N /NTE%RT/IE JUR/$PRUDENE
!though / ha&e 4ro&":e: some
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Th"s "s trou)!"ng =or t(o reasons. "rst* man o= the
'h""n=!"the 4ast ) "gnor"ng "t an: :en"es the 4oss")"!"t"es o= the 4resent ) :"stort"ng that as (e!!. s s most "m4ortant
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o)?e&a
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1990 DUKELJ 1163 Page 261990 Duke L.J. 1163
h"stor" Un:er th"s a44roa
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:"&"s"&enessHnot ra
"n=er"or"t an: (h"te su4rema
go&ernment to em)ra
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e4!"
our "nter4retat"on o= the amen:ment>s 4ur4ose an: s
the =ourteenth amen:mentHthat the amen:ment>s 4r"mar 4ur4ose (as to 4rotes!a&es. Just"
a:&erse! a==e
:"mens"ons o= the "nter4ret"&"st>s an: non"nter4ret"&"st>s sear
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1990 DUKELJ 1163 Page 291990 Duke L.J. 1163
N2.+o:*&ork $icked for 5igh #ourt6 Reagan #ites 5is 7Restraint68 #onfirmation (ight )ooms"N..
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1990 DUKELJ 1163 Page 301990 Duke L.J. 1163
3;; 7198; 7go&ernment regu!at"on "s ?ust"="e: "= "t =urthers an "m4ortant go&ernment "nterest5 -oore &.
"t o= East !e&e!an:* 31 U.$. 9* ; 719;;7statutes that restr"s
ant"s!a&er mo&ement. /n:ee:* the
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N22.;9 U.$. 712 'a!!. ;* 718;17a!!o("ng ongress to "ssue treasur notes an: to make them
!ega! ten:er "n sat"s=a
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N28.33 U.$. 1 7198.
N29./d. at 19.
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ma chooseautomat"
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N33.,ee" e.g."+ethe! $
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e4!"
101 7E. ,a!:ane Q %. Ross trans. 19;3.
The )e!"e= that s
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Aun:erstan:"ng*C
ne&er =u!! ess un:erstan:"ng o= the tet a!(as "s 4re
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the tet. ,ee E. +ETT/* D/E ,ER-ENEUT/K L$ LL%E-E/NE -ET,#D/K DER
%E/$TE$'/$$EN$,TEN 3@6 719625 E.D. ,/R$,* T,E /-$ # /NTERPRETT/#N 719;65
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:"st"ngu"sha)!e =rom the normat"&e "nter4retat"on o= a tet>s s"gn"="
,tare Decisis and #onstitutional Adudication" 88 #LU-. L. REI. ;23* ;2 71988.
N3.P. 1. +ork e4!a"ns th"s re&"s"on "n h"s theor "n some :eta"!. The argument )ears re4eat"ng "n=u!!
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N6. &ut see R. P#$NER* L' ND L/TERTURE 211@1 71988. Posner :"s
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N6.U.$. #N$T. art. //* 1*
N6.,eePe!!er* The Metaphysics of American )a!" ;3 L. L. REI. 111* 11; 71985 Tushnet*A*ote on the Revival of Te0tualism in #onstitutional Theory" 8 $. L. L. REI. 683* 686@88 7198.
N66.,eeTushnet*supranote 6.
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"s at the same t"me to ha&e a &"e( a)out ho( +#' E$$$ #N T,E R,ET#R/ ND P#ET/$ #
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4eo4!e.
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narrat"&e to!: -arsha!!. 'hen $
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