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Early Emancipation in the NorthEarly Emancipation in the NorthEarly Emancipation in the NorthEarly Emancipation in the North
Missouri Compromise, 1820Missouri Compromise, 1820Missouri Compromise, 1820Missouri Compromise, 1820
Characteristics of the Characteristics of the Antebellum SouthAntebellum South
Characteristics of the Characteristics of the Antebellum SouthAntebellum South
1.1. Primarily agrarian.Primarily agrarian.
2.2. Economic power shifted from the Economic power shifted from the “upper South” to the “lower South.”“upper South” to the “lower South.”
3.3. ““Cotton Is King!”Cotton Is King!” * 1860 * 1860 5 mil. bales a yr. 5 mil. bales a yr. (57% of total US exports). (57% of total US exports).
4.4. Very slow development of industrialization.Very slow development of industrialization.
5.5. Rudimentary financial system.Rudimentary financial system.
6.6. Inadequate transportation system.Inadequate transportation system.
Southern Society (1850)Southern Society (1850)Southern Society (1850)Southern Society (1850)
““Slavocracy”Slavocracy”[plantation owners][plantation owners]““Slavocracy”Slavocracy”
[plantation owners][plantation owners]
The “Plain Folk”The “Plain Folk”[white yeoman farmers][white yeoman farmers]The “Plain Folk”The “Plain Folk”
[white yeoman farmers][white yeoman farmers]
6,000,0006,000,000
Black FreemenBlack FreemenBlack FreemenBlack Freemen
Black SlavesBlack Slaves3,200,0003,200,000
Black SlavesBlack Slaves3,200,0003,200,000
250,000250,000
Total US Population Total US Population 23,000,000 23,000,000[9,250,000 in the South = 40%][9,250,000 in the South = 40%]
Southern PopulationSouthern PopulationSouthern PopulationSouthern Population
Southern AgricultureSouthern AgricultureSouthern AgricultureSouthern Agriculture
Slaves Picking CottonSlaves Picking Cottonon a Mississippi Plantationon a Mississippi Plantation
Slaves Picking CottonSlaves Picking Cottonon a Mississippi Plantationon a Mississippi Plantation
Slaves Using the Cotton GinSlaves Using the Cotton GinSlaves Using the Cotton GinSlaves Using the Cotton Gin
Changes in Cotton Changes in Cotton ProductionProduction
Changes in Cotton Changes in Cotton ProductionProduction
18201820
18601860
Value of Cotton Exports Value of Cotton Exports As % of All US ExportsAs % of All US Exports
Value of Cotton Exports Value of Cotton Exports As % of All US ExportsAs % of All US Exports
““Hauling the Whole Hauling the Whole Week’s Pickings”Week’s Pickings”
William Henry Brown, William Henry Brown, 18421842
““Hauling the Whole Hauling the Whole Week’s Pickings”Week’s Pickings”
William Henry Brown, William Henry Brown, 18421842
Slaves WorkingSlaves Workingin a Sugar-Boiling in a Sugar-Boiling
House, 1823House, 1823
Slaves WorkingSlaves Workingin a Sugar-Boiling in a Sugar-Boiling
House, 1823House, 1823
Slave-Owning Population Slave-Owning Population (1850)(1850)
Slave-Owning Population Slave-Owning Population (1850)(1850)
Slave-Owning Families Slave-Owning Families (1850)(1850)
Slave-Owning Families Slave-Owning Families (1850)(1850)
Slaves Slaves posing in posing in front of front of
their cabin their cabin on a on a
Southern Southern plantation.plantation.
Slaves Slaves posing in posing in front of front of
their cabin their cabin on a on a
Southern Southern plantation.plantation.
TaraTara – Plantation Reality – Plantation Reality or Myth?or Myth?
TaraTara – Plantation Reality – Plantation Reality or Myth?or Myth?
Hollywood’s Version?Hollywood’s Version?Hollywood’s Version?Hollywood’s Version?
A Real Georgia A Real Georgia PlantationPlantation
A Real Georgia A Real Georgia PlantationPlantation
Scarlet and MammieScarlet and Mammie(Hollywood Again!)(Hollywood Again!)
Scarlet and MammieScarlet and Mammie(Hollywood Again!)(Hollywood Again!)
A Real Mammie & Her A Real Mammie & Her ChargeCharge
A Real Mammie & Her A Real Mammie & Her ChargeCharge
The Southern “Belle”The Southern “Belle”The Southern “Belle”The Southern “Belle”
A Slave FamilyA Slave FamilyA Slave FamilyA Slave Family
US Laws Regarding SlaveryUS Laws Regarding SlaveryUS Laws Regarding SlaveryUS Laws Regarding Slavery
1. U. S. Constitution: * 3/5s compromise [I.2] * fugitive slave clause [IV.2]
2. 1793 Fugitive Slave Act.
3. 1850 stronger Fugitive Slave Act.
Slavery Was Less Slavery Was Less Efficient Efficient
in the U. S. than in the U. S. than ElsewhereElsewhere
Slavery Was Less Slavery Was Less Efficient Efficient
in the U. S. than in the U. S. than ElsewhereElsewhere
High cost of keeping slaves fromescaping.
GOAL raise the “exit cost.”u Slave patrols.
u Southern Black Codes.
u Cut off a toe or a foot.
Slave ResistanceSlave ResistanceSlave ResistanceSlave Resistance
1.Refusal to work hard.
2.Isolated acts of sabotage.
3.Escape via the Underground Railroad.
Quilt Patterns as Secret Quilt Patterns as Secret MessagesMessages
Quilt Patterns as Secret Quilt Patterns as Secret MessagesMessages
The Monkey Wrench pattern, on the left, alerted escapees to gather up tools and prepare to flee; the Drunkard Path design, on the right, warned escapees not to follow a straight route.
Slave Rebellions Throughout Slave Rebellions Throughout the Americasthe Americas
Slave Rebellions Throughout Slave Rebellions Throughout the Americasthe Americas
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