Antebellum South

Antebellum South

Antebellum South AP US HistoryFree Soil PartyFree Soil! Free Speech! Free Labor! Free Men!Barnburners discontented northern Democrats.Anti-slave members of the Liberty and Whig Parties.Opposition to the extension of slavery in the newterritories!GOLD! At Sutters Mill, 1848

John A. SutterCalifornia Gold Rush, 1849

49ers

Two Views of San Francisco, Early 1850s

By 1860, almost 300,000people had traveled theOregon & CaliforniaTrails to the Pacificcoast.Westward the Course of Empire

Emmanuel Leutze, 1860

The Southern EconomySouthern Society-Circa 1850Slavocracy[plantation owners]ThePlain Folk[white yeoman farmers]Freemen250,000Slaves3,200,000Total US Population 23,000,000[9,250,000 in the South = 40%]6,000,000Southern Population

Southern Agriculture

Reliance on Cotton-changes on production

18201860Cotton Exports

Growing concerns over SlaveryEarly Emancipation in the North

1780s: 1st antislavery society created in Philadelphia.By 1804: slavery eliminated from last northern state.1807: the legal termination of the slave trade, enforced by the Royal Navy.1820s: many newly independent Republics of Central & So. America declared their slaves free.1833: slavery abolished throughout the British Empire.1844: slavery abolished in the Fr. colonies. 1861: the serfs of Russia were emancipatedSlavery in the South-Unusual?Missouri Compromise

Go over it on the board-how does this create problems, what are the the issues with this plan?

16Compromise of 1850

Introduced by Henry Clay17U. S. Constitution: * 3/5s compromise [I.2] * fugitive slave clause [IV.2]

1793 Fugitive Slave Act.

1850 stronger Fugitive Slave Act.Laws on SlaveryPresidential Election 1852

Franklin PierceDemocratGeneral Winfield ScottWhigJohn Parker HaleFree-Soil PartyResults

Expansionist Young America in the 1850s

Americas Attempted Raids into Latin AmericaTerritorial Growth to 1853

Kansas-Nebraska Act,1854

Author of Uncle Toms Cabin, 1852Sold 300,000 its first year1 million copies in a decadeLincoln -So this is the lady who started this great war

Harriet Beecher Stowe 1811-1896

Bleeding Kansas

Border Ruffians(pro-slavery Missourians)Another Fight in Congress-The Crime Against Congress

Sen. Charles Sumner(R-MA)Congr. Preston Brooks(D-SC)26Birth of Republican PartyNorthern WhigsNorthern Democrats.Free-Soilers.Know-Nothings.Other miscellaneous opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.Presidential Election, 1856

Dred Scott DecisionDred Scott v Sanford, 1857

Illinois Senate race 1858A House divided against itself, cannot stand.Popular SovereigntyLincoln-Douglas Debates

Harpers Ferry, 1859

31The Final NailElection of 1860The Candidates

Abraham LincolnRepublicanJohn Bell Constitutional UnionStephen DouglassNorthern DemocratStephen C. BreckenridgeSouthern Democrat

The Republican PlatformNon-extension of slavery [for the Free-Soilers.]Protective tariff [for the No. Industrialists].No abridgment of rights for immigrants [a disappointment for the Know-Nothings].Government aid to build a Pacific RR [for the Northwest].Internal improvements [for the West] at federal expense.Free homesteads for the public domain [for farmers].

Why would southerners oppose this platform?

RESULTS

A nation coming Apart?

Discuss the cartoon. Who is presented and what is it symbolizing?One Last Attempt to Preserve the UnionCrittenden Compromise: Senator John J. Crittenden(Know-Nothing-KY)

Corwin CompromiseSenator Thomas Corwin(Ohio)

Secession!SC, Dec 20, 1860

Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861