© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 8, 2011 1 Improving Your Structural Mechanics Simulations with Release 14.0
Dec 01, 2015
© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 8, 20111
Improving Your Structural Mechanics Simulations with Release 14.0
© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 8, 20115
Structural Mechanics Themes
MAPDL/WB Integration
Physics coupling
Rotating machines
Composites & Fracture Mechanics
Application Customization
Thin structures modeling
Contact analysis
Performance
Advanced Modeling
Geometry Handling
Listening to your needs, we have been able to identify a number of themes which form the basis of our roadmap and guide our developments
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What will Release 14.0 bring you?
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Let’s now take a closer look at some topics
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MAPDL/WB Integration
Finite Element Information Access within ANSYS Mechanical
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ANSYS Workbench is originally a geometry based tool. Many users however also need to control and access the finite element information.
Motivation
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Spot Welds
Connections created internally at the solution level are available and can help understand the results
Reviewing Connections
Weak springs and MPC contacts as generated by the solver
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Nodes can be grouped into named selectionsbased on selection logic, using locations or other characteristics – or manual selections
Selections of Nodes
Box Selection Node Picking Lasso Selection
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Applying Loads and Orientations to Nodes
“Nodal orientation” allows users to orient nodes in an arbitrary coordinate system.
Direct FE loads and boundary conditions can be applied to selections of nodes.
Nodes are oriented in cylindrical system for loads and boundary condition definitions
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Results on Node Selections
Results are displayed on elements for which all nodes are selected.
Nodes named selections allow to scope on specific regions of the mesh or remove undesired areas.
Results with first layer of quads removed
Results on quads layers only
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Restart and Direct FE Loads
Nodal Forces and Pressures objects can be added to a restart analysis without causing the restart points to become invalid.
Other loads can now be modified without losing the restart points.
Analysis Settings tabular data: No restart point is lost
Added after initial solve
Second Load step modified for restart
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MAPDL/WB Integration
Linear Dynamics in ANSYS Mechanical
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Workbench and Mechanical enhancements
→MSUP Transient Analysis supported
→Joint feature can now be used in Harmonics, Random vibration analysis
→Reaction Force & Moment results is now supported
Modal Superposition Transient
Joints in HarmonicAnalyses
Reaction Forces in a Harmonic Analyses
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Physics Coupling
Data Mapping
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Motivation
Exchange files are frequently used to transfer quantities from one simulation to another.
Efficient mapping of point cloud data is required to account for misalignment, non matching units or scaling issues.
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Supported Data Types
New at R14.0
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Increased Accuracy
The smoothness of the mapped data depends on the density of the point cloud.
Several weighting options are available to accommodate various data quality.
Triangulation versus Kriging
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Validating the Mapped Data
Visual tools have been implemented to control how well the data has been mapped onto the target structure
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Importing Multiple Files
Multiple files can be imported for transient analyses or to handle different data to be mapped on multiple bodies
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Rotating Machines
Studying Rotordynamics in ANSYS Mechanical
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Motivation
ANSYS Mechanical users need to be able to quickly create shaft geometriesas well as analyze dynamic characteristics of rotating systems
Industrial fan (Venti Oelde)
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Geometry Creation
Geometries can be imported from a CAD system or imported from a simple text file definition as used in preliminary design
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Import/Export of Bearing Characteristics
ANSYS provides an interface that allows to import bearing characteristics from an external file
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Specific Solver Settings
Rotordynamicsanalyses require a number of advanced controls:
→Damping
→Solver choice
→Coriolis effect
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Campbell Diagrams
Campbell diagrams are used to identify critical speeds of a rotating shaft for a given range of shaft velocities
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Composites
Enhanced Analysis Workflow and Advanced Failure Models for Composites
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Motivation
Efficient workflows and in-depth analysis tools are required to model and understand complex composites structures
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Defining Material Properties
Composites material require specific definitions including orthotropic properties, as well as some constants for failure criteria (Tsai-Wu, Puck, LaRc03/04, Hashin)
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Manually Defining Layers on Simple Geometries
Users can define simple layered sections for a shell body as well as define thicknesses and angles as parameters
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Defining Layers on Complex Geometries
For complex geometries, the ANSYS Composite PrepPosttool is used and layer definitions are imported in the assembly model in ANSYS Mechanical.
Courtesy of TU Chemnitz and GHOST Bikes GmbH
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Investigating Composites Results
ANSYS Mechanicalsupports layerwisedisplay of results.
ANSYS Composite PrepPost offers comprehensive capabilities for global and plywise failure analysis.
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Advanced Failure Analysis
Crack growth simulation based on VCCT is available to simulate interfacial delamination.
Progressive damage is suitable for determining the ultimate strength of the composite (last-ply failure analysis)
2D laminar composite
Initial crack
Start of damage (layer 1)
Progressed damage (layer 1)
Progressed damage (layer 3)
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Customization
ANSYS Design Assessment
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Motivation
Many of you have expressed the need for:→Computing and displaying specific results→Be able to achieve more complex “User defined results”
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What is Design Assessment?
The Design Assessment system enables the selection and combination of upstream results and the ability to optionally further assess results with customizable scripts
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Expanded Result Access
Filtering of potentially invalid combinations can be suppressed to enable greater user control. This allows the user to access results not typically available in the base analysis.
Modal=No Beam Results
DA + “Allow all Available Results” allows beam results
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Design Assessment for Advanced “User Defined Results”
Design Assessment enable users to extend user defined results capabilities with:
→Expressions using mathematical operators as supported by Python
→Coordinate systems, Units Systems
→Integration options
→Nodal, Element-Nodal & Elemental result types
→Import from external tablesScript used to display scalar element data stored
in an external file
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Thin Structures
Mesh Connections
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Motivation
In order to connect meshes of different surface parts so as to merge nodes at intersections, users do not always want or cannot merge the topologies at the geometry level. Mesh based connections are required.
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Mesh Connections
Mesh connections work at part level:
→As a post mesh operation
→Base part mesh is stored to allow for quick changes in connections
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Modal Analyses Shows Proper Connections of the Various Bodies
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Further Meshing Enhancements
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Virtual Topologies Interactive Editing
Virtual topologies are handled more interactively through direct graphics interaction rather than tree objects.
User selects entities then applies VT operations
Direct access to operations from RMB menu
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VT Hard Vertex, Edge and Face Splits
Hard vertices can be added at any location on an edge or a face.
Hard vertices can then be used to create face splits from virtual edges.
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Virtual Topologies Applications
Get swept mesh on non-sweepablebodies
Improve shell mesh quality and orthogonality with VT combinations
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Contact Analysis
Rigid Body Dynamics
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Motivation
Many mechanisms and assemblies have components that operate through contact.
In order to maintain the rapid turnaround for RBD simulations, there has been a subsequent focus on improving speed, accuracy and reliability of the contact capability.
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Performance Improvements
Valve: 158 sec elapsed time (2x speed up)
Piston: 9 sec elapsed time (7.5x speed up)
The applicability, robustness and efficiency of the contact has been improved for speed and accuracy –expect a typical 2-5x speed-up
Transition and “jump” prediction have been greatly improved
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Contact Analysis
Flexible bodies
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Motivation
While already providing leading edge technology, ANSYS continues to enhance its ability to robustly and efficiently solve complex contact problems
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Projected Contact
Improved pressure results with surface projection
The Surface Projection Based Contact provides more accurate results (stresses, pressures, temperatures) and is now also available for bonded MPC contacts
Regular contact Projection based
Smoother temperature results on a multilayered structure
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Contact accuracy and robustness
Contact stabilization technique dampens relative motions between the contact and target surfaces for open contactNew contact
stabilization prevents rigid motion
“Adjust to touch” causes rigid body motion and leaves a gap
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Performance
Further benefits from GPU boards
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Taking advantage of the latest hardware is mandatory to solve your large models.
A combination of relatively new technologies provides a breakthrough means to reduce the time to solution
Motivation
+
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Distributed ANSYS Supports GPUs
2.1 MDOF, Nonlinear Structural Analysis using the Distributed Sparse Solver
GPU Acceleration can now be used with Distributed ANSYS to combine the speed of GPU technology and the power of distributed ANSYS
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Speed-up from GPU technology
Solder Joint Benchmark - 4M DOF, Creep Strain Analysis
Results Courtesy of MicroConsult Engineering, GmbH
Linux cluster : Each node contains 12 Intel Xeon 5600-series cores, 96 GB RAM, NVIDIA Tesla M2070, InfiniBand
Mold
PCB
Solder balls
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Speed-up from multiple nodes with 1 GPU board per node
Mold
PCB
Solder balls
Results Courtesy of MicroConsult Engineering, GmbH
1 node @ 8 cores no GPU
1 nodes @ 8 cores, 1 GPU
8 nodes@ 1 core, 8 GPU
2 nodes@ 4 cores, 2 GPU
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Advanced Modeling
Material Models
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Motivation
ANSYS provides a comprehensive library of advanced materials.
Some users however need even more advanced models to include complex nonlinear phenomena in their simulations.
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→Anisotropic Hyperelasticity plusViscoelasticity for strain rate effects
→Hyperelasticity coupled with Pore Pressure element
→Shape Memory Alloy enhanced with superelasticity, Memory effect, New Yield Function, Differentiated Moduli (Austenite, Martensite)
→Holzapfel Model - Capture the behavior of fiber-reinforced tissue
Advanced Materials for Biomechanical Applications
‘Hydrocephalus’ analysis Hyperelastic material with porous media
Stent modeling using shape memory alloys
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Nonlinear materials support for coupled field elements
Coupled field-elements for strongly coupled thermo-mechanical analysis now accounts for plasticity induced heat generation along with friction effects
Friction Stir Welding including heat generation due to friction and plastic deformation
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Advanced Modeling
Advanced Methods
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Motivation
The solver techniques available from our solutions allow to model complex phenomena.
In some cases, better or different techniques are required to improve the accuracy or the convergence of the models.
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Advanced Nonlinear Methods
User can now perform:→Buckling from a nonlinear prestressedstate with dead loads (new subspace eigensolver)
→3D rezoning for very large deformations for a wider range of materials and boundary conditions.
Hot-Rolling Structural Steel Analysis with 3-D Rezoning
Buckling of a pre-stressed stiffened container
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Analyzing Fasteners under Large Deformations
Bolt pretension does not include large rotation effects.
With release 14.0, you can now use Joint Loads:→Lock joint at specific load step→Apply Pre-Tension or Pre-Torque load→use iterative PCG solver for faster runtime
Joint Element - Stress appears without significant bending
Pre-tension element - Significant bending stress with large rotation
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Coupled structures/acoustics simulations
Coupled problems are modeled more efficiently:→Quadratic tetrahedral acoustics elements→New acoustics sources→Absorbing areas→Enhanced PML formulation → Near and far-field parameters
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Moisture Diffusion
Moisture induces hydroscopic stresses and alters thermal stresses.
Coupled-field elements allow to incorporate moisture effects in thermal, structural and coupled simulations.
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Advanced Modeling
Explicit Analysis
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Motivation
Explicit formulations extend the range of problems a structural engineer can solve.
Providing handling capabilities similar to implicit solutions provides an easy transition from implicit to explicit.
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A Common User Interface
Implicit and explicit solutions share the same user interface for a shortened learning curve and allow straightforward data exchange between disciplines
Crimping
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New tetrahedral element
The new tetrahedral element helps quickly model complex geometries for low velocity applications such as drop tests for mobile phones or nuclear equipmentsSelf Piercing Rivet
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Similarly to implicit analyses, 2D plain strain and axisymmetricformulations provide faster computation of explicit solutions
Fast Solutions Using 2-D Formulations
2D forming
Axisymmetricbullet model
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Geometry
Advances for Structural Engineers
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Motivation
With every release, ANSYS improves the quality of the geometry tools available in Workbench in order to increase the quality of the geometric data.
Ease of use is also constantly improved to provide more efficient tools.
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Mid Surfacing Improvements
Selection tolerance is available to handle face pairs in case of imperfect offsets.
Body thicknesses can be displayed on the model.
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Usability Enhancements
Toolbars can be customized for easy and direct access to preferred features and tools.
Hot keys are also available for frequently used operations.
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SpaceClaim Direct Modeler
“Preview sharing” allow to control topology sharing before transferring the model into Workbench.
“Multi-face patch” option increases the quality of repairs for missing faces.
Regular patch
Multi-face patch
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Physics Coupling
System Optimization with Rigid Body Dynamics and Simplorer co-simulation
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Motivation
Most mechanisms and assemblies are managed via control systems.
System simulation, including the details of the mechanism or assembly, are needed in order to improve modeling accuracy, fidelity and ultimately system optimization.
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Linking Mechanical and Simplorer
Inputs and outputs are defined as “pins” in the Mechanical model and connected to the schematics of Simplorer
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Simulation Results
Force Applied on Pistons Rotational Displacement
Rotational Velocity
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Some Examples
Aircraft Landing Gear
Simplorer schematic of hydraulic circuit and control
RBD model
Robotic Arm Control
Trace of arm trajectory
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And there is much more…
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…check the Release Notes!
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Think also of the “Technology Demonstration Guide”
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Questions?
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Appendix
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Customization
Application Customization Toolkit
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Motivation
As a Mechanical User, you may want to:→ Customize menus→Create new loads and boundary conditions→Create new types of plots→Reuse APDL scripts without command snippets
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What is the Application Customization Toolkit?
The Application CustomizationToolkit is a tool that facilitates customization of ANSYS Mechanical.
It provides a way to extend the features offered by ANSYS products.
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Toolbar Customization through XML Files
<load internalName="Convection on Blade" caption="Convection on Blade" icon="Convection" issupport="false" isload="true">
<version>1</version>
<callbacks><onsolve>Convection_Blade_Computation</onsolve>
</callbacks>
<details><property internalName="Geometry" dataType="string" control="scoping"></property><property internalName="Thickness" caption="Thickness" dataType="string"
control="text"></property><property internalName="Film Coefficient" caption="Film Coefficient" dataType="string"
control="text"></property><property internalName="Ambient Temperature" caption="Ambient Temperature"
dataType="string" control="text"></property>
</details></load>
XML definition:
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Python Driven Loads and Boundary Conditions
Python script:
# Get the scoped geometry:propGeo = result.GetDPropertyFromName("Geometry")refIds = propGeo.Value
# Get the related mesh and create the component:for refId in refIds:
meshRegion = mesh.MeshRegion(refId)elementIds = meshRegion.Elementseid = aap.mesh.element[elementIds[0]].Idf.write("*get,ntyp,ELEM,"+eid.ToString()+",ATTR,TYPE\n")f.write("esel,s,type,,ntyp \n cm,component,ELEM")
# Get properties from the details view:propThick = load.GetDPropertyFromName("Thickness")thickness = propThick.ValuepropCoef = load.GetDPropertyFromName("Film Coefficient")film_coefficient = propCoef.ValuepropTemp = load.GetDPropertyFromName("Ambient Temperature")temperature = propTemp.Value
# Insert the parameters for the APDL commands:f.write("thickness="+thickness.ToString()+"\n")f.write("film_coefficient="+film_coefficient.ToString()+"\n")f.write("temperature="+temperature.ToString()+"\n")
# Reuse the legacy APDL macros:f.write("/input,APDL_script_for_convection.inp\n")
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Writing APDL Commands From the New Definition
! APDL_script_for_convection.inp
! Input parameters:esel,s,type,,10cm,component,ELEMthickness = 1.1film_coefficient = 120.temperature = 22.
! Treatment:/prep7et,100,152keyop,100,8,2.et,1001,131keyo,1001,3,2sectype,1001,shellsecdata,thickness,10secoff,midcmsel,s,componentemodif,all,type,1001emodif,all,secnum,1001type,100esurffinialls/soluesel,s,type,,100nslesf,all,conv,film_coefficient,temperaturealls
APDL
WB Mechanical
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An Example: ACT driven Submodeling
Users simply select the coarse model’s results file, all APDL commands are automatically created – no more need for command blocks!
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Advanced Modeling
Offshore Structures
© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 8, 2011100
Over the period of the design of an offshore structure –from Concept through FEED and Detailed Structural and Equipment Design – there are needs for many different analyses related to global structural design and integrity and detailed component level analysis. To ensure delivery timeliness, and reliability where costs of failure are so high, there is considerable value in compatibility between the respective tools. This is delivered by the ongoing integration of ANSYS AQWA in Workbench and delivery of enhanced capabilities in Mechanical/MAPDL for offshore structures analysis.
Importantly, ANSYS Structural Mechanics products now deliver the ability to conduct both global and detailed analysis of offshore structures subjected to various wave and environmental loadings.
Global Offshore Structures
Local joint flexibility analysis
Global hydrodynamics and structural analyses
© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 8, 2011101
• Hydrodynamic Time Response system enhancements include– Fenders (similar to contact)
• Allows connections between 2 structures or between a structure and a fixed point
– Articulations (similar to joints)
Further AQWA Integration in Workbench for Multi-Body Wave Hydrodynamics
Offloading arm represented with series of typical articulations
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Enhanced Environmental Conditions and Cable Behavior in AQWA
• Introduction of multi-directional wave spectra allows more realistic modelling of real wave conditions, and is important for the accurate simulation of moored vessels and offshore platforms
– Almost any combination of wave spectra to be modelled in the solver modules LIBRIUM, DRIFT and the Hydrodynamic Time Response system in Workbench
• To meet API standard (RP2SK), non-linear axial stiffness can be used to define a mooring line
• Gaussian formulated wave spectrum now available in the core solver and the Hydrodynamic Time Response system
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• Diffracted wave loading
– Provides simplified pressure loading from Hydrodynamics Diffraction systems (AQWA) onto MAPDL system
• Harmonic Wave Loading
– Regular wave loading now available for harmonic response analyses
– ANSYS FATJACK (for beam joint fatigue of framed structures) automatically reads the RST file data for harmonic load cases
• ANSYS BEAMCHECK (for member checks on framed structures) and ANSYS FATJACK now delivered with Mechanical installation
– See Design Assessment for further information
Extended Wave Loading in Mechanical and links to Regulatory Code Checks
Vessel Loading Transfer from AQWA to MechanicalCourtesy of Vuyk Engineering Rotterdam
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• Aeroelastic coupling (for wind turbine support structures)
– Sequential • Allowing structural (ANSYS) and aeroelastic (3rd
party) analyses to be run independently
• Just use a provided MAPDL macro to write out input data for the aeroelastic analysis
– Fully coupled • Co-simulation of structural and aeroelastic tools
• Custom build of MAPDL required, with a macro to manage the data availability from and to MAPDL
Coupling Mechanical with 3rd Party Aeroelastic Tools for Offshore Wind Turbine Modeling
Images Courtesy of REpower Systems AG
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Advanced Modeling
Brake Squeal
© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 8, 2011106
Motivation
Brake Squeal is a consistent customer complaints and is associated with high warranty costs.
ANSYS provides the best solution for such analyses, including complex Eigen-Methods to predict onset of squeal, new state-of-the-art linear methods and parametric studies.
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• Complex Eigen solve• Animate: Complex Mode Shape• Contact Status at Pads
ANSYS Solution for Brake Squeal
CADMesh &
ConnectionSetup & solver
Post Processing
Bi-Directional CAD Connectivity
• Automated Contact Detection
• Provides for sliding contact with friction• No match mesh needed• Supports higher order elements • Automated Meshing
• Flexibility to use Linear & Non-linear solver capabilities
• Root locus plots• Correlation of modes• List Strain energy per component per modeFriction sensitivity study
• Physical prototyping time consuming and expensive
• Provide more analysis early in the design cycle
• Parametric Study by changing friction coefficient
• Run set of DOE’s
• Reuse symmetric modes and just run un-symmetric part
• Significant time reduction
• Can Include Squeal and Contact damping• - Sliding velocity
dependent Friction