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Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Jochen TrommerUniversity of Leipzig
hh
http://www.uni-leipzig.de/[email protected]
Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
September 7, 2006
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 2
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Anonymous Tone Linking
a. H b. u c.
H
µ
u
d.
µ
u e. µ f.
H
µ
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 3
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Anonymous Tone Linking
a. H b. u c.
H
µ
u
d.
µ
u e. µ f.
H
µ
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 4
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Anonymous Tone Linking
a. H b. u c.
H
µ
u
d.
µ
u e. µ f.
H
µ
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 5
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Anonymous Tone Linking
a. H b. u c.
H
µ
u
d.
µ
u e. µ f.
H
µ
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
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Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Anonymous Tone Linking
a. H b. u c.
H
µ
u
d.
µ
u e. µ f.
H
µ
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
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Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Anonymous Tone Linking
a. H b. u c.
H
µ
u
d.
µ
u e. µ f.
H
µ
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
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Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Distinctive Tone Linking (Somali)
Nominative Vocative Genitive Absolutive‘males’ rag – rág rág‘billy-goat’ orgi órgi orgí órgi‘mothers’ hooyooyin hóoyooyin hooyooyín hooyoóyin‘family’ xaas – xaás xáas
No H Initial µ Final µ Penultimate µ
(Hyman, 1981; Banti, 1988; Yip, 2002)
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
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Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Basic Claim
Distinctive Tone Linking follows from Anonymous Tone Linking
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 10
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Olusamia (Chagas, 1976; Poletto, 1998)
Bantu language of the Luhya group(E.34 according to Guthrie, 1967)
spoken on the northern coast of lake Victoria(Kenya,Uganda)
H/L tone systemwith no distinctive root tones for verbs
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
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Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Olusamia (Chagas, 1976; Poletto, 1998)
Bantu language of the Luhya group(E.34 according to Guthrie, 1967)
spoken on the northern coast of lake Victoria(Kenya,Uganda)
H/L tone systemwith no distinctive root tones for verbs
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 12
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Olusamia (Chagas, 1976; Poletto, 1998)
Bantu language of the Luhya group(E.34 according to Guthrie, 1967)
spoken on the northern coast of lake Victoria(Kenya,Uganda)
H/L tone systemwith no distinctive root tones for verbs
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 13
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Outline
1 Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia
2 Poletto’s (1998) Analysis
3 An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 14
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Outline
1 Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia
2 Poletto’s (1998) Analysis
3 An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 15
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Outline
1 Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia
2 Poletto’s (1998) Analysis
3 An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 16
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Negative Recent Past
xu[bálire ‘we did not count today’ ( µ́ )σ( µ )σ(µ )σ
xu[líire ‘we did not eat today’ ( µ́ µ )σ( µ )σ
xu[bwéene ‘we did not see today’ ( µ́ µ )σ( µ )σ
xu[déexere ‘we did not cook today’ ( µ́ µ )σ( µ )σ(µ )σ
Pattern: µ́ µ+
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 17
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Negative Recent Past
xu[bálire ‘we did not count today’ ( µ́ )σ( µ )σ(µ )σ
xu[líire ‘we did not eat today’ ( µ́ µ )σ( µ )σ
xu[bwéene ‘we did not see today’ ( µ́ µ )σ( µ )σ
xu[déexere ‘we did not cook today’ ( µ́ µ )σ( µ )σ(µ )σ
Pattern: µ́ µ+
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 18
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Negative Recent Past
xu[bálire ‘we did not count today’ ( µ́ )σ( µ )σ(µ )σ
xu[líire ‘we did not eat today’ ( µ́ µ )σ( µ )σ
xu[bwéene ‘we did not see today’ ( µ́ µ )σ( µ )σ
xu[déexere ‘we did not cook today’ ( µ́ µ )σ( µ )σ(µ )σ
Pattern: µ́ µ+
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 19
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Negative Recent Past
xu[bálire ‘we did not count today’ ( µ́ )σ( µ )σ(µ )σ
xu[líire ‘we did not eat today’ ( µ́ µ )σ( µ )σ
xu[bwéene ‘we did not see today’ ( µ́ µ )σ( µ )σ
xu[déexere ‘we did not cook today’ ( µ́ µ )σ( µ )σ(µ )σ
Pattern: µ́ µ+
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
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Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Infinitive
oxú[maná ‘to know’ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ
oxú[deexá ‘to cook for each other’ ( µ µ )σ( µ́ )σ
oxúmu[sukúmá ‘to push him’ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ
oxú[luméráná ‘to bite for each other’ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ
Pattern: ! !́+
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
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Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Infinitive
oxú[maná ‘to know’ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ
oxú[deexá ‘to cook for each other’ ( µ µ )σ( µ́ )σ
oxúmu[sukúmá ‘to push him’ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ
oxú[luméráná ‘to bite for each other’ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ
Pattern: ! !́+
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
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Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Infinitive
oxú[maná ‘to know’ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ
oxú[deexá ‘to cook for each other’ ( µ µ )σ( µ́ )σ
oxúmu[sukúmá ‘to push him’ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ
oxú[luméráná ‘to bite for each other’ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ
Pattern: ! !́+
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 23
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Infinitive
oxú[maná ‘to know’ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ
oxú[deexá ‘to cook for each other’ ( µ µ )σ( µ́ )σ
oxúmu[sukúmá ‘to push him’ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ
oxú[luméráná ‘to bite for each other’ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ
Pattern: ! !́+
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 24
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Infinitive
oxú[maná ‘to know’ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ
oxú[deexá ‘to cook for each other’ ( µ µ )σ( µ́ )σ
oxúmu[sukúmá ‘to push him’ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ
oxú[luméráná ‘to bite for each other’ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ
Pattern: ! !́+
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 25
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Tone Patterns in Olusamia
NegativeRecent Past Present Infinitive Conditional
1 σ 1 µ ( µ́ )σ ( µ́ )σ ( µ́ )σ ( µ́ )σ1 σ 2 µ ( µ́ µ )σ ( µ́ µ́ )σ ( µ́ µ́ )σ ( µ́ µ́ )σ2 σ 2 µ ( µ́ )σ(µ )σ ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ ( µ )σ(µ́ )σ ( µ́ )σ(µ )σ2 σ 3 µ ( µ́ µ )σ( µ )σ ( µ µ́ )σ( µ́ )σ ( µ µ )σ( µ́ )σ ( µ µ́ )σ( µ )σ3 σ 3 µ ( µ́ )σ( µ )σ(µ )σ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ )σ3 σ 4 µ ( µ́ µ )σ( µ )σ(µ )σ ( µ µ́ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ ( µ µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ ( µ µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ )σBasicPattern
µ́ µ+ µ µ́ µ́+ σ σ́+ σ σ́ σ+
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 26
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Poletto’s (1998) Analysis
L = Phonological Absence of Tone
Every Stem has 1 H
Morpheme-specific Constraints
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 27
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Poletto’s (1998) Analysis
L = Phonological Absence of Tone
Every Stem has 1 H
Morpheme-specific Constraints
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 28
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Poletto’s (1998) Analysis
L = Phonological Absence of Tone
Every Stem has 1 H
Morpheme-specific Constraints
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 29
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Derivation of Negative Recent Past
Input: xubalire
STEM(H) ALIGN(L) *STRUC
! a. xu[bálireb. xu[bálíre *!c. xu[balíre *!d. xu[baliré *!*e. xu[balire *!
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 30
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Derivation of Infinitive
Input: oxú[deexa
STEM(H) ALIGN(R) *ALIGN(L) *NO-RISE
! a. oxu[deexáb. oxú[deéxá *!c. oxú[dééxá *!d. oxú[dééxa *! *e. oxú[deexa *!
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 31
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Morpheme-specific Constraints
Negative Recent Past InfinitiveLeft Alignment Complete (µ) Almost (!)Right Alignment No Complete
*ALIGN(L) = *ALIGN(STEM, LEFT, HIGH,LEFT)INF.,FUT.,PRES,REC.PAST
*ALIGN(R) = ALIGN(HIGH, RIGHT, STEM,RIGHT)INF.,FUT.,PRES,REC.PAST
*NO-RISEPresent Habitual, Recent Past
(cf. also Akinlabi, 1996; Odden, 1998; Yip, 2002; Zoll, 2003)
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 32
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Morpheme-specific Constraints
Negative Recent Past InfinitiveLeft Alignment Complete (µ) Almost (!)Right Alignment No Complete
*ALIGN(L) = *ALIGN(STEM, LEFT, HIGH,LEFT)INF.,FUT.,PRES,REC.PAST
*ALIGN(R) = ALIGN(HIGH, RIGHT, STEM,RIGHT)INF.,FUT.,PRES,REC.PAST
*NO-RISEPresent Habitual, Recent Past
(cf. also Akinlabi, 1996; Odden, 1998; Yip, 2002; Zoll, 2003)
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 33
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Morpheme-specific Constraints
Negative Recent Past InfinitiveLeft Alignment Complete (µ) Almost (!)Right Alignment No Complete
*ALIGN(L) = *ALIGN(STEM, LEFT, HIGH,LEFT)INF.,FUT.,PRES,REC.PAST
*ALIGN(R) = ALIGN(HIGH, RIGHT, STEM,RIGHT)INF.,FUT.,PRES,REC.PAST
*NO-RISEPresent Habitual, Recent Past
(cf. also Akinlabi, 1996; Odden, 1998; Yip, 2002; Zoll, 2003)
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 34
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Morpheme-specific Constraints
Negative Recent Past InfinitiveLeft Alignment Complete (µ) Almost (!)Right Alignment No Complete
*ALIGN(L) = *ALIGN(STEM, LEFT, HIGH,LEFT)INF.,FUT.,PRES,REC.PAST
*ALIGN(R) = ALIGN(HIGH, RIGHT, STEM,RIGHT)INF.,FUT.,PRES,REC.PAST
*NO-RISEPresent Habitual, Recent Past
(cf. also Akinlabi, 1996; Odden, 1998; Yip, 2002; Zoll, 2003)
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 35
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Morpheme-specific Constraints
Negative Recent Past InfinitiveLeft Alignment Complete (µ) Almost (!)Right Alignment No Complete
*ALIGN(L) = *ALIGN(STEM, LEFT, HIGH,LEFT)INF.,FUT.,PRES,REC.PAST
*ALIGN(R) = ALIGN(HIGH, RIGHT, STEM,RIGHT)INF.,FUT.,PRES,REC.PAST
*NO-RISEPresent Habitual, Recent Past
(cf. also Akinlabi, 1996; Odden, 1998; Yip, 2002; Zoll, 2003)
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 36
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Problems with Morpheme-specific Constraints on Tone
Ad hoc and conceptually problematic
Unmotivated for affixes(Horwood, 2002; Trommer, 2002, 2005)
Problematic Interpretation
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 37
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Problems with Morpheme-specific Constraints on Tone
Ad hoc and conceptually problematic
Unmotivated for affixes(Horwood, 2002; Trommer, 2002, 2005)
Problematic Interpretation
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 38
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Problems with Morpheme-specific Constraints on Tone
Ad hoc and conceptually problematic
Unmotivated for affixes(Horwood, 2002; Trommer, 2002, 2005)
Problematic Interpretation
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 39
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Distinctive Tone Mapping = Different Melodies
Each melody specifies its TBU
Standard Left-to-Right Mapping
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 40
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Distinctive Tone Mapping = Different Melodies
Each melody specifies its TBU
Standard Left-to-Right Mapping
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 41
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Distinctive Tone Mapping = Different Melodies
Each melody specifies its TBU
Standard Left-to-Right Mapping
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 42
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Left-to-Right Linking to Melody-Specific TBUs
Negative Recent Past
H L
µ µ µ µ . . .
\\ \\ \ \
Infinitive
L H
! ! ! ! . . .
\\ \\ \ \(cf. Goldsmith, 1990)
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 43
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Left-to-Right Linking to Melody-Specific TBUs
Negative Recent Past
H L
µ µ µ µ . . .
\\ \\ \ \
Infinitive
L H
! ! ! ! . . .
\\ \\ \ \(cf. Goldsmith, 1990)
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 44
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Left-to-Right Linking to Melody-Specific TBUs
Negative Recent Past
H L
µ µ µ µ . . .
\\ \\ \ \
Infinitive
L H
! ! ! ! . . .
\\ \\ \ \(cf. Goldsmith, 1990)
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 45
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Left-to-Right Linking by Constraints (Zoll,1997;Yip,2002)
ALIGN-L: Each tone is assigned a violation for each TBUthat intervenes between the one it is associated toand the left edge of the word
*SPECIFY: Each TBU should be associatedwith at least one tone
*CONTOUR: Avoid Contour Tones
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 46
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Left-to-Right Linking by Constraints (Zoll,1997;Yip,2002)
ALIGN-L: Each tone is assigned a violation for each TBUthat intervenes between the one it is associated toand the left edge of the word
*SPECIFY: Each TBU should be associatedwith at least one tone
*CONTOUR: Avoid Contour Tones
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 47
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Left-to-Right Linking by Constraints (Zoll,1997;Yip,2002)
ALIGN-L: Each tone is assigned a violation for each TBUthat intervenes between the one it is associated toand the left edge of the word
*SPECIFY: Each TBU should be associatedwith at least one tone
*CONTOUR: Avoid Contour Tones
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 48
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Left-to-Right Linking by Constraints (Zoll,1997;Yip,2002)
ALIGN-L: Each tone is assigned a violation for each TBUthat intervenes between the one it is associated toand the left edge of the word
*SPECIFY: Each TBU should be associatedwith at least one tone
*CONTOUR: Avoid Contour Tones
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 49
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Left-to-Right Linking by Constraints (Zoll,1997;Yip,2002)
*SPECIFY *CONTOUR ALIGN-L
! a.
H
µ
L
µ µ *
b. µ
H
µ
L
µ *!*
c.
HL
µ µ µ *!
d.
H
µ
L
µ µ *! *
\
\
\\
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 50
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Markedness Constraints on TBU Linking
*!T Avoid syllable TBUs
*µT Avoid mora TBUs
UNIFORMITY: All tones in a prosodic wordare associated to the same type of TBU
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 51
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Markedness Constraints on TBU Linking
*!T Avoid syllable TBUs
*µT Avoid mora TBUs
UNIFORMITY: All tones in a prosodic wordare associated to the same type of TBU
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 52
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Markedness Constraints on TBU Linking
*!T Avoid syllable TBUs
*µT Avoid mora TBUs
UNIFORMITY: All tones in a prosodic wordare associated to the same type of TBU
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 53
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
IDENT |
If an underlying tone T is linked to a TBU U
any output tone corresponding to T
must be linked to a TBU corresponding to U
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
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Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Derivation of Negative Recent Past
Input: liire +
Ha
µ1
Lb
!1
UNIFORMITY IDENT | *!T *µT
! a. l
Ha
µ1
i
Lb
µ2
i r
µ3
e **
b. l
Ha
!
µ1
i
µ2
i r
Lb
!
µ3
e *! **
\ \
\\
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 55
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Derivation of Infinitive
Input: deexa +
La
!1
Hb
!1
UNIFORMITY IDENT | *!T *µT
a. d
La
µ
e
Hb
µ
e x
µ
a *! **
! b. d
La
!1
µ
e
µ
e x
Hb
!2
µ
a **
\\\ \
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 56
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Derivation of Conditional
Input: biidooka +
La
!1
Hb
!1
Lc
!1
UNIF IDENT | . . .
a. b
La
µ
i
Hb
µ
i d
La
µ
o
µ
o k
µ
a *!
! b. b
La
!1
µ
i
µ
i d
Hb
!2
µ
o
µ
o k
Lc
!3
µ
a
\ \ \
\\ \ \
\ \
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
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Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Non-Uniform Output
Input: biidooka +
La
!1
Hb
!1
Lc
!1
UNIF IDENT | . . .
a. b
La
!1
µ
i
µ
i d
Hb
µ
o
Lc
µ
o k
µ
a *!
! b. b
La
!1
µ
i
µ
i d
Hb
!2
µ
o
µ
o k
Lc
!3
µ
a
\
\ \ \
\ \
\ \Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
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Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Inputs without TBUs (Negative Recent Past)
Input: liire + Ha Lb
UNIF IDENT | *!T *µT
! a. l
Ha
µ1
i
Lb
µ2
i r
µ3
e **
b. l
Ha
!
µ1
i
µ2
i r
Lb
!
µ3
e *!*
\ \
\\
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 59
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Non-Uniform Input (Negative Recent Past)
Input: liire +
Ha
µ1
Lb
!2
UNIF IDENT | *!T *µT
! a. l
Ha
µ1
i
Lb
µ
i r
µ
e * **
b. l
Ha
!
µ1
i
µ
i r
Lb
!2
µ
e * *!*
\ \
\\
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
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Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Too few TBUs . . .
NegativeRecent Past Present Infinitive Conditional
1 σ 1 µ ( µ́ )σ ( µ́ )σ ( µ́ )σ ( µ́ )σ1 σ 2 µ ( µ́ µ )σ ( µ́ µ́ )σ ( µ́ µ́ )σ ( µ́ µ́ )σ2 σ 2 µ ( µ́ )σ(µ )σ ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ ( µ )σ(µ́ )σ ( µ́ )σ(µ )σ2 σ 3 µ ( µ́ µ )σ( µ )σ ( µ µ́ )σ( µ́ )σ ( µ µ )σ( µ́ )σ ( µ µ́ )σ( µ )σ3 σ 3 µ ( µ́ )σ( µ )σ(µ )σ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ )σ3 σ 4 µ ( µ́ µ )σ( µ )σ(µ )σ ( µ µ́ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ ( µ µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ ( µ µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ )σBasicPattern
µ́ µ+ µ µ́ µ́+ σ σ́+ σ σ́ σ+
If possible
H is retained
the rightmost L is retained
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 61
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Too few TBUs . . .
NegativeRecent Past Present Infinitive Conditional
1 σ 1 µ ( µ́ )σ ( µ́ )σ ( µ́ )σ ( µ́ )σ1 σ 2 µ ( µ́ µ )σ ( µ́ µ́ )σ ( µ́ µ́ )σ ( µ́ µ́ )σ2 σ 2 µ ( µ́ )σ(µ )σ ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ ( µ )σ(µ́ )σ ( µ́ )σ(µ )σ2 σ 3 µ ( µ́ µ )σ( µ )σ ( µ µ́ )σ( µ́ )σ ( µ µ )σ( µ́ )σ ( µ µ́ )σ( µ )σ3 σ 3 µ ( µ́ )σ( µ )σ(µ )σ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ )σ3 σ 4 µ ( µ́ µ )σ( µ )σ(µ )σ ( µ µ́ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ ( µ µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ ( µ µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ )σBasicPattern
µ́ µ+ µ µ́ µ́+ σ σ́+ σ σ́ σ+
If possible
H is retained
the rightmost L is retained
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 62
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Too few TBUs . . .
NegativeRecent Past Present Infinitive Conditional
1 σ 1 µ ( µ́ )σ ( µ́ )σ ( µ́ )σ ( µ́ )σ1 σ 2 µ ( µ́ µ )σ ( µ́ µ́ )σ ( µ́ µ́ )σ ( µ́ µ́ )σ2 σ 2 µ ( µ́ )σ(µ )σ ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ ( µ )σ(µ́ )σ ( µ́ )σ(µ )σ2 σ 3 µ ( µ́ µ )σ( µ )σ ( µ µ́ )σ( µ́ )σ ( µ µ )σ( µ́ )σ ( µ µ́ )σ( µ )σ3 σ 3 µ ( µ́ )σ( µ )σ(µ )σ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ ( µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ )σ3 σ 4 µ ( µ́ µ )σ( µ )σ(µ )σ ( µ µ́ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ ( µ µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ́ )σ ( µ µ )σ( µ́ )σ(µ )σBasicPattern
µ́ µ+ µ µ́ µ́+ σ σ́+ σ σ́ σ+
If possible
H is retained
the rightmost L is retained
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 63
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Joint Solution
ALIGN(PWD,Left,H,Left): The left edge of each Prosodic Wordis aligned to the left edge of a H tone.
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 64
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Joint Solution
ALIGN(PWD,Left,H,Left): The left edge of each Prosodic Wordis aligned to the left edge of a H tone.
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 65
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Retaining H (Infinitive)
Input: da +
La
!1
Hb
!1
*CONTOUR IDENT | ALIGN(PWD,Left,H,Left)
! a. d
Hb
!1
a
b. d
La
!1
a *!
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 66
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Retaining H (Infinitive)
Input: da +
La
!1
Hb
!1
*CONTOUR IDENT | ALIGN(PWD,Left,H,Left)
! a. d
Hb
!1
a
b. d
La Hb
!1
a *!
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 67
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Retaining Rightmost L (Conditional)
Input: diba +
La
!1
Hb
!1
Lc
!1
ALIGN(PWD,Left,H,Left)
! a. d
Hb
!1
i b
Lc
!3
a
b. d
La
!2
i b
Hb
!1
a *!
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 68
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Summary
Abandoning underspecified tonereveals classical left-to-right linking
Morpheme-specific constraints on tone linking are obviated
Distinctive TBUs (µ vs. !)are captured by anonymous tone linking
Open Question:Are there phonologically induced TBU alternations?
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 69
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Summary
Abandoning underspecified tonereveals classical left-to-right linking
Morpheme-specific constraints on tone linking are obviated
Distinctive TBUs (µ vs. !)are captured by anonymous tone linking
Open Question:Are there phonologically induced TBU alternations?
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 70
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Summary
Abandoning underspecified tonereveals classical left-to-right linking
Morpheme-specific constraints on tone linking are obviated
Distinctive TBUs (µ vs. !)are captured by anonymous tone linking
Open Question:Are there phonologically induced TBU alternations?
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia
Page 71
Intro Distinctive Tone Linking in Olusamia Poletto’s (1998) Analysis An Anonymous Tone Linking Analysis
Summary
Abandoning underspecified tonereveals classical left-to-right linking
Morpheme-specific constraints on tone linking are obviated
Distinctive TBUs (µ vs. !)are captured by anonymous tone linking
Open Question:Are there phonologically induced TBU alternations?
Jochen Trommer [email protected] Typology of Tone & Intonation 2
Anonymous Tone Linking in Olusamia