Announcements Note: We are one day behind on syllabus Contracts? What is “Ch. 7 (102-114)”? Group work: (carefully build team contract) “Marriage is.

Announcements

• Note: We are one day behind on syllabus

• Contracts? What is “Ch. 7 (102-114)”?

• Group work: (carefully build team contract)

“Marriage is hard work” meet/eat/speak + “More brains” teach/don’t compete

(don’t be a tourist, this is a residential college)

• Who already started writing their paper?

• Tips on DRAFT1: find sections (p.99), focus,

consult “I to A”, science=prediction, turnitin.com

Pre-test: Experimental Design

(so last time we were here…)

Do you have a course right after (or before) this class on Thursdays?

A. (10min after) I have a class that starts at 4:10pm Thursdays (that is not held in Holmes Hall)

B. (10min prior) I have a class that ends at 2:30pm on Thursdays (that is not held in Holmes Hall)

C. (20min prior) I have a class that ends at 2:20pm on Thursdays (that is not held in Holmes Hall).

D. (BOTH) I have both “A” and “B”

E. I have none of the above.

What “Thursday” solution do you favor?

A. Intermission option: We stop 10 min. before the end and let folks quickly leave & then resume class.

B. 5-minute shift: Start 5 min. early + end 5 min. early

C. 10-minute shift: Start 10 m. early + end 10 m. early

D. No leaving early: Suck it up, this is 2:40-4pm dude.

E. I have another idea and want to discuss it.

Which “Thursday” solution do you favor?

A. Intermission option: We stop 10 min. before the end and let folks quickly leave & then resume class.

B. 5-minute shift: Start 5 min. early + end 5 min. early

C. 10-minute shift: Start 10 m. early + end 10 m. early

D. I can do any of those, none are impossible for me.

Which solution is impossible for you?

A. Intermission option: We stop 10 min. before the end and let folks quickly leave & then resume class.

B. 5-minute shift: Start 5 min. early + end 5 min. early

C. 10-minute shift: Start 10 m. early + end 10 m. early

D. I can do any of those, none are impossible for me.

Back to Biology

• So let’s try to remember what the reading was about….

Hemoglobin The Body’s Oxygen Shuttle (and more)

280M

Wild-type hemoglobin DNA

mRNA

Mutant hemoglobin DNA

mRNA

33

3

3

3

3

55

5

55

5

C CT C CTG GA G GA

A G GGG U

Normal hemoglobin Sickle-cell hemoglobin

Glu Val

Primarystructure

Secondaryand tertiarystructures

Quaternarystructure

Normalhemoglobin(top view)

Primarystructure

Secondaryand tertiarystructures

Quaternarystructure

Function Function

subunit

Molecules donot associatewith oneanother; eachcarries oxygen.

Red bloodcell shape

Normal red bloodcells are full ofindividualhemoglobinmoledules, eachcarrying oxygen.

10 µm

Normal hemoglobin

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Val His Leu Thr Pro Glu Glu

Red bloodcell shape

subunit

Exposedhydrophobicregion

Sickle-cellhemoglobin

Moleculesinteract withone another andcrystallize intoa fiber; capacityto carry oxygenis greatly reduced.

Fibers of abnormalhemoglobin deformred blood cell intosickle shape.

10 µm

Sickle-cell hemoglobin

GluProThrLeuHisVal Val

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

0–2.5%

Distribution ofmalaria caused byPlasmodium falciparum(a parasitic unicellular eukaryote)

Frequencies of thesickle-cell allele

2.5–5.0%

7.5–10.0%

5.0–7.5%

>12.5%

10.0–12.5%

0–2.5%

Distribution ofmalaria caused byPlasmodium falciparum(a parasitic unicellular eukaryote)

Frequencies of thesickle-cell allele

2.5–5.0%

7.5–10.0%

5.0–7.5%

>12.5%

10.0–12.5%

Benefits of sickle cell?

Normalallele

Sickle-cellallele

Largefragment

(b) Electrophoresis of restriction fragments from normal and sickle-cell alleles

201 bp175 bp

376 bp

(a) DdeI restriction sites in normal and sickle-cell alleles of -globin gene

Normal -globin allele

Sickle-cell mutant -globin allele

DdeI

Large fragment

Large fragment

376 bp

201 bp175 bp

DdeIDdeI

DdeI DdeI DdeI DdeI

In the Reading for today, what were the researchers doing to treat sickle cell?

What’s the story, the hypothesis and was it supported?

What is the HYPOTHESIS?

What is a molecular HYPOTHESIS? (p94)

What is the HYPOTHESIS?

What’s the story, the hypothesis and was it supported?

What is the HYPOTHESIS?

What’s the story, the hypothesis and was it supported?

What is the HYPOTHESIS?

What’s the story, the hypothesis and was it supported?

What is the HYPOTHESIS?

What’s the story, the hypothesis and was it supported?

What is the HYPOTHESIS?

Prepare Paper “Structure” “Function” Pre-test