Announcements: No Section this week Holiday Friday: no class Pick up Midterm exams tomorrow (Thursday 12-2 in TA office) HW passed out (posted soon): due in section next week Guest Lecture Monday: Come on time!!! Skim Chapters 3, 18, 19 before class to get most out of lecture!
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Announcements: No Section this week Holiday Friday: no class Pick up Midterm exams tomorrow (Thursday 12-2 in TA office) HW passed out (posted.
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Announcements: No Section this week Holiday Friday: no class Pick up Midterm exams tomorrow (Thursday 12-2
in TA office) HW passed out (posted soon): due in section next week Guest Lecture Monday: Come on time!!!
Skim Chapters 3, 18, 19 before class to get most out of lecture!
Community ChangeCommunity Change
ES 100: November 7ES 100: November 7thth, 2006, 2006
Millenium Ecosystem Assessment:Largest inventory of the health of Earth’s ecosystems
Experts and Review Process Prepared by 1360 experts from 95 countries 80-person independent board of review editors Review comments from 850 experts and governments Includes information from 33 sub-global assessments
Governance Called for by UN Secretary General in 2000 Authorized by governments through 4 conventions Partnership of UN agencies, conventions, business, non-governmental
organizations with a multi-stakeholder board of directors
Significant and largely irreversible changes to species diversity
The distribution of species on Earth is becoming more homogenous
Humans have increased the species extinction rate by as much as 1,000 times over background rates typical over the planet’s history (medium certainty)
10–30% of mammal, bird, and amphibian species are currently threatened with extinction (medium to high certainty)
How do non-native
species arrive?• Accidentally
seedsparasitesunintended cargo
• Deliberately• food• timber• pets• biocontrol
Data source: Eurostat. Source of figure: CNT, 2004
Data source: US Department of Transportation, 2004
Who are these invaders?
• Plants• Animals
• Microorganisms
What makes an invader successful?• r-strategists
• grow quickly• produce many offspring• short generation time
• good dispersion • generalists: highly adaptable to new conditions
• broad geographic range in native environment• broad diet
• It has not coevolved with members of its new environment
What makes a community vulnerable to invasion?
• human disturbance• early succession• climate similar to native habitat
• absence of predators or pathogens •wrong ones for the invader•no predators or pathogens at all - islands
What do invasive animals do?
• Change foodweb structure
• Hyperpredation
• drive out native competitors
and prey
Invasive Plant and Animal Mutualism
+
Management Options
Do nothing Understand life strategy
Vulnerabilities, limiting factor Predict where it will invade, rate of spread, during what
time periods…. Mathematical models! Remote sensing
ERADICATE! Other creative solutions????
Eradication
Physical control Chemical control Thermal control Biological control
PredatorVirusGrazing
www.dailynexus.com
Coalition Drops Black Rat Poison on Anacapa Island
by Rebecca Turek - Staff WriterThursday, December 6, 2001
2 species are equally suited to be next “successors”Outcome is CHANCE (dispersal, weather, ect.)
Why Is Succession Important?
Understanding ‘natural’ disturbance recovery can aid human’s restoration efforts.
Biotic and Abiotic processes are important
Management plans must recognize that disturbance is not intrinsically bad!
Announcements:
No Section this week Holiday Friday: no class Pick up Midterm exams tomorrow (Thursday) HW passed out: due in section next week Guest Lecture Monday: Come on time!!!
Skim Chapters 3, 18, 19 before class to get most out of lecture!