Announcements Closed toe shoes or booties for this lab!! LLELA field data Return Labs and dust bowl papers Mini Paper on Dead Zone Due next week Oct 21 Question #3 on Page #71 Next Week Movie and LLELA review Next Quiz October 28 th Land Use & Resource Management, Soil, Water Quality, WWTP Trip, Estrogen Effect movie (Assault on the Male)
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Announcements Closed toe shoes or booties for this lab!! LLELA field data Return Labs and dust bowl papers Mini Paper on Dead Zone Due next week Oct 21.
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AnnouncementsClosed toe shoes or booties for this lab!!LLELA field data Return Labs and dust bowl papersMini Paper on Dead Zone Due next week Oct 21
Question #3 on Page #71 Next Week Movie and LLELA reviewNext Quiz October 28th
Land Use & Resource Management, Soil, Water Quality, WWTP Trip, Estrogen Effect movie (Assault on the Male)
Water Quality and Pollution
Land 25%
Water 75%
Ocean97.3%
Fresh Water2.5%
Water Distribution
Lakes52%Soil Moisture
38%
Water vapor-Atmosphere8%
Rivers1%
Living Organisms1%
Glaciers and Ice caps79%
Aquifers20%
Surface
1%
Water distribution cont’d..
Fig: Hydrologic Cycle
Uneven distribution of water across EarthPopulation densityRenewabilitySustainabilityWater scarcityWater quantity and qualityCommunicable diseasesEutrophication
Water Issues and Challenges
Types of water pollution
Point Sources:•Pollution come from single location, eg: municipal WWTP discharge, pipe, ditch, factory•Easy to identify.
Non-point Sources:•Pollution come from multiple sites over large areas, eg: pesticides, fertilizer runoff from farms, oil from city streets, forest runoff etc.•Difficult to identify.
Eutrophication:
Water Quality AnalysisSafe Drinking Water Act, 1974EPA sets standards for 90 contaminants
Water Quality StandardsPrimary standards: legally enforceable and aim to
protect public health by limiting the level of the contaminant in drinking water.
Secondary standards: are NOT legally enforceable.
Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL): The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in
drinking water Maximum Contaminant Level Goal(MCLG):
The level of contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected health risk
Important!!!
Physico-chemical Parameters
Turbidity: cloudiness (NTU=Nepholometric Turbidity Unit)Nitrates: fertilizer, runoff, death to infant, 10mg/LIron: toxic to humans, 0.3mg/LPhosphorous: not currently regulated by EPA, fertilizer, sewageCopper: gastrointestinal problem, 1.3mg/LAmmonia: not currently regulated by EPA; toxic to aquatic organisms, 0.02mg/LSilica: not currently regulated by EPA, rocks, diatom cellsSulfide: not currently regulated by EPA, coal, oil, acidChlorine: disinfectant, irritations, stomach discomfort,4 mg/LCynide: steel, metal, plastic, fertilizer factories, nerve and