ANNEXURE 7.4 - QUALITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT

Annexure 7.4 Qualitative Risk Assessment

EIA Study for Megafine Pharma (P) Ltd, Nashik

1.1 THERMIC FLUID HEATER ............................................................................................................................ 1

1.1.1 Safety Precautions for Thermic Fluid Heater ..................................................................................... 1 1.2 QULITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT - MAJOR CHEMICALS HANDLED ....................................................................... 2

1.2.1 Methanol .............................................................................................................................................. 2 1.2.2 Ethanol ................................................................................................................................................. 7 1.2.3 Acetone ............................................................................................................................................... 11 1.2.4 Toluene ............................................................................................................................................... 15 1.2.5 Ethyl Acetate ...................................................................................................................................... 20 1.2.6 Iso Propyl Alcohol .............................................................................................................................. 24 1.2.7 Diethylene Glycol................................................................................................................................ 29 1.2.8 Chloroform ......................................................................................................................................... 32 1.2.9 Di iso propyl ether (DIPE) .................................................................................................................. 37 1.2.10 MDC (Methylene di chloride) ............................................................................................................. 42 1.2.11 Thionyl Chloride ................................................................................................................................. 46 1.2.12 Liquor Ammonia ................................................................................................................................ 50 1.2.13 Sulphuric acid .................................................................................................................................... 55 1.2.14 Caustic lye .......................................................................................................................................... 60


EIA Study for Megafine Pharma (P) Ltd, Nashik Page 1

Qualitative Risk Analysis

The following areas are covered under Qualitative Risk Analysis.

1.1 Thermic Fluid Heater

The safety in the use of thermic fluid heaters is basically due to handling of thermal fluid, which

can catch fire in case of some abnormal conditions. These units are covered under M.F.R. 73 –

ZA, the salient features of which are reproduced below:

1.1.1 Safety Precautions for Thermic Fluid Heater

In respect of any factory where thermal fluid heater has been installed (hereinafter called

"heater") and following provisions shall be complied with

• All heaters shall be of such construction that, the coils shall be removable for periodic

cleaning, visual inspections and hydraulic test.

• Suitable arrangements shall be made for cooling the furnace effectively in case of power

failure to the heater.

• Before restarting the furnace of heater, it shall be effectively purged.

• The thermic fluid used for heater shall be circulated in a closed-circuit formation with an

expansion cum creator tank. This tank shall be located outside the shed where the

heater is installed.

• Every Oil or Gas fired heater shall be provided with a photo-resistor actuated audio-

visual alarm to indicate flame failure and automatic burner cut-off.

• The stack temperature monitor-cum-controller with audio-visual alarm shall be

provided to the heater so as to warn the operator in case the outlet temperature exceeds

the specified minimum.

• All heaters shall be provided with following devices and the same shall be maintained in

efficient working order:

• Level indicator in the expansion tank.

• Temperature indicator of thermic fluid.

• Different pressure switch across the inlet and the outlet line of the heater tubes and

• Temperature control device for the fuel supply to the burner.

• All devices mentioned in clause (vii) above for oil or gas fired heater shall have inter-

locking arrangement with burner so that in case of any pre-determined limits being

crossed the supply of fuel and air to burner shall automatically be cut-off.

• All safety inter-locks when operated shall be indicated or on the control panel of the

heater by a suitable audio-visual alarm.

• Electrical panel for the heater shall be located near the heater but not so close as to be

exposed to spilling or leaking oil.

• The heater shall be located in a place segregated from other manufacturing activities.



• Explosion vent for heater shall be so installed that, the release takes place at safe

location.

• The heater coil including the coil connected to it in the users equipment subjected to

pressure shall be tested by competent person once atleast in every 12 months. The test

pressure shall not be less than twice the operating pressure.

• If repairs are carried out to the heater, coil including coil connected to it in users

equipment shall be got examined from competent person before taking it into use.

• Maximum temperature of thermic fluid in the heating of heater coil shall not exceed the

figure specified by the manufacturer. The thermic fluid used in heater, shall confirm to

the specifications prescribed by the manufacturers and shall be tested by competent

person for suitability atleast once in every three months period. Such test shall include

test for acidity, suspended matter, ash contents, viscosity and flash point.

• Cleaning of the internal surface of the heater for removing soot and check up the

refectory surface on the inside shall be carried out every month, or as often as required

depending upon working conditions. The coils of heater shall be removed and surface of

the coil cleaned thoroughly once at least in a period of six months.

• The burner, nozzles, oil filters and pumps shall be cleaned once a week during the

period of use.

• A separate register containing the following information for the heater shall be

maintained.

- Weekly checks carried out confirming the effectiveness of the inter-lock;

- Weekly checks confirming that all accessories are in good state of repairs and

- Information regarding fuel oil temperature, pressure, thermic fluid inlet/outlet

pressure and temperature, fuel gas temperature, recorded at four hourly intervals.

• The heater when in operation shall always be kept incharge of a trained operator.

1.2 Qulitative risk assessment - Major chemicals handled

1.2.1 Methanol

3 Material Safety Data Sheet: Methyl alcohol MSDS Section 1: Chemical Product and Company Identification Product Name: Methyl alcohol CAS#: 67-56-1 Synonym: Wood alcohol, Methanol; Methylol; Wood Spirit; Carbinol Chemical Name: Methanol Chemical Formula: CH3OH Section 2: Composition and Information on Ingredients Composition: Toxicological Data on Ingredients: Methyl alcohol: ORAL (LD50): Acute: 5628 mg/kg [Rat]. DERMAL (LD50): Acute: 15800



mg/kg [Rabbit]. VAPOR (LC50): Acute: 64000 ppm 4 hours [Rat]. Section 3: Hazards Identification Potential Acute Health Effects: Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation. Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (permeator). Severe over-exposure can result in death. Potential Chronic Health Effects: Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (sensitizer). CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Mutagenic for mammalian somatic cells. Mutagenic for bacteria and/or yeast. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Classified POSSIBLE for human. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available. The substance is toxic to eyes. The substance may be toxic to blood, kidneys, liver, brain, peripheral nervous system, upper respiratory tract, skin, central nervous system (CNS), optic nerve. Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage. Repeated exposure to a highly toxic material may produce general deterioration of health by an accumulation in one or many human organs. Section 4: First Aid Measures Eye Contact: Check for and remove any contact lenses. Immediately flush eyes with running water for at least 15 minutes, keeping eyelids open. Cold water may be used. Get medical attention. Skin Contact: In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Cold water may be used.Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Get medical attention immediately. Serious Skin Contact: Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an anti-bacterial cream. Seek immediate medical attention. Inhalation: If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention immediately. Serious Inhalation: Evacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as possible. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. WARNING: It may be hazardous to the person providing aid to give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation when the inhaled material is toxic, infectious or corrosive. Seek immediate medical attention. Ingestion: If swallowed, do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. Get medical attention immediately. Serious Ingestion: Not available. Section 5: Fire and Explosion Data Flammability of the Product: Flammable. Auto-Ignition Temperature: 464°C (867.2°F) Flash Points: CLOSED CUP: 12°C (53.6°F). OPEN CUP: 16°C (60.8°F). Flammable Limits: LOWER: 6% UPPER: 36.5% Products of Combustion: These products are carbon oxides (CO, CO2).



Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Highly flammable in presence of open flames and sparks, of heat. Non-flammable in presence of shocks. Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not available. Explosive in presence of open flames and sparks, of heat. Fire Fighting Media and Instructions: Flammable liquid, soluble or dispersed in water. SMALL FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder. LARGE FIRE: Use alcohol foam, water spray or fog. Special Remarks on Fire Hazards: Explosive in the form of vapor when exposed to heat or flame. Vapor may travel considerable distance to source of ignition and flash back. When heated to decomposition, it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. CAUTION: MAY BURN WITH NEAR INVISIBLE FLAME Special Remarks on Explosion Hazards: Forms an explosive mixture with air due to its low flash point. Explosive when mixed with Choroform + sodium methoxide and diethyl zinc. It boils violently and explodes. Section 6: Accidental Release Measures Small Spill: Dilute with water and mop up, or absorb with an inert dry material and place in an appropriate waste disposal container. Large Spill: Flammable liquid. Poisonous liquid. Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Stop leak if without risk. Absorb with DRY earth, sand or other non-combustible material. Do not get water inside container. Do not touch spilled material. Use water spray to reduce vapors. Prevent entry into sewers, basements or confined areas; dike if needed. Call for assistance on disposal. Be careful that the product is not present at a concentration level above TLV. Check TLV on the MSDS and with local authorities. Section 7: Handling and Storage Precautions: Keep locked up.. Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Ground all equipment containing material. Do Wear suitable protective clothing. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Keep away from incompatibles such as oxidizing agents, metals, acids. Storage: Store in a segregated and approved area. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area. Keep container tightly closed and sealed until ready for use. Avoid all possible sources of ignition (spark or flame). Section 8: Exposure Controls/Personal Protection Engineering Controls: Provide exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to keep the airborne concentrations of vapors below their respective threshold limit value. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are proximal to the work-station location. Personal Protection: Splash goggles. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves. Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill: Splash goggles. Full suit. Vapor respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be used to avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handling this product.



Exposure Limits: TWA: 200 from OSHA (PEL) [United States] TWA: 200 STEL: 250 (ppm) from ACGIH (TLV) [United States] [1999] STEL: 250 from NIOSH [United States] TWA: 200 STEL: 250 (ppm) from NIOSH SKIN TWA: 200 STEL: 250 (ppm) [Canada] Consult local authorities for acceptable exposure limits. Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties Physical state and appearance: Liquid. Odor: Alcohol like. Pungent when crude. Taste: Not available. Molecular Weight: 32.04 g/mole Color: Colorless. pH (1% soln/water): Not available. Boiling Point: 64.5°C (148.1°F) Melting Point: -97.8°C (-144°F) Critical Temperature: 240°C (464°F) Specific Gravity: 0.7915 (Water = 1) Vapor Pressure: 12.3 kPa (@ 20°C) Vapor Density: 1.11 (Air = 1) Volatility: Not available. Odor Threshold: 100 ppm Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.: The product is more soluble in water; log(oil/water) = -0.8 Ionicity (in Water): Non-ionic. Dispersion Properties: See solubility in water. Solubility: Easily soluble in cold water, hot water. Section 10: Stability and Reactivity Data Stability: The product is stable. Instability Temperature: Not available. Conditions of Instability: Heat, ingnition sources, incompatible materials Incompatibility with various substances: Reactive with oxidizing agents, metals, acids. Corrosivity: Non-corrosive in presence of glass. Special Remarks on Reactivity: Can react vigorously with oxidizers. Violent reaction with alkyl aluminum salts, acetyl bromide, chloroform + sodium methoxide, chromic anhydride, cyanuirc chlorite, lead perchlorate, phosphorous trioxide, nitric acid. Exothermic reaction with sodium hydroxide + chloroform. Incompatible with beryllium dihydride, metals (potassium and magnesium), oxidants (barium perchlorate, bromine, sodium hypochlorite, chlorine, hydrogen peroxide), potassium tert-butoxide, carbon tetrachloride, alkali metals, metals (aluminum, potassium magnesium, zinc), and dichlormethane. Rapid autocatalytic dissolution of aluminum, magnesium or zinc in 9:1 methanol + carbon tetrachloride - sufficiently vigorous to be rated as potentially hazardous. May attack some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Special Remarks on Corrosivity: Not available. Polymerization: Will not occur. Section 11: Toxicological Information Routes of Entry: Absorbed through skin. Eye contact. Inhalation. Ingestion. Toxicity to Animals: WARNING: THE LC50 VALUES HEREUNDER ARE ESTIMATED ON THE BASIS OF A 4-HOUR EXPOSURE. Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 5628 mg/kg [Rat]. Acute dermal toxicity (LD50): 15800 mg/kg [Rabbit]. Acute toxicity of the vapor (LC50): 64000 4 hours [Rat]. Chronic Effects on Humans:



MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Mutagenic for mammalian somatic cells. Mutagenic for bacteria and/or yeast. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Classified POSSIBLE for human. Causes damage to the following organs: eyes. May cause damage to the following organs: blood, kidneys, liver, brain, peripheral nervous system, upper respiratory tract, skin, central nervous system (CNS), optic nerve. Other Toxic Effects on Humans: Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation. Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (permeator). Special Remarks on Toxicity to Animals: Not available. Special Remarks on Chronic Effects on Humans: Passes through the placental barrier. May affect genetic material. May cause birth defects and adverse reproductive effects (paternal and maternal effects and fetotoxicity ) based on animal studies. Special Remarks on other Toxic Effects on Humans: Section 12: Ecological Information Ecotoxicity: Ecotoxicity in water (LC50): 29400 mg/l 96 hours [Fathead Minnow]. BOD5 and COD: Not available. Products of Biodegradation: Possibly hazardous short term degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products may arise. Toxicity of the Products of Biodegradation: The products of degradation are less toxic than the product itself. Special Remarks on the Products of Biodegradation: Methanol in water is rapidly biodegraded and volatilized. Aquatic hydrolysis, oxidation, photolysis, adsorption to sediment, and bioconcentration are not significant fate processes. The half-life of methanol in surfact water ranges from 24 hrs. to 168 hrs. Based on its vapor pressure, methanol exists almost entirely in the vapor phase in the ambient atmosphere. It is degraded by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals and has an estimated half-life of 17.8 days. Methanol is physically removed from air by rain due to its solubility. Methanol can react with NO2 in pollulted to form methyl nitrate. The half-life of methanol in air ranges from 71 hrs. (3 days) to 713 hrs. (29.7 days) based on photooxidation half-life in air. Section 13: Disposal Considerations Waste Disposal: Waste must be disposed of in accordance with local environmental control regulations. HMIS (U.S.A.): Health Hazard: 2 Fire Hazard: 3 Reactivity: 0 Personal Protection: h National Fire Protection Association (U.S.A.): Health: 1 Flammability: 3 Reactivity: 0 Specific hazard: Protective Equipment: Gloves. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Wear appropriate respirator when ventilation is inadequate. Splash goggles.



1.2.2 Ethanol

Material Safety Data Sheet - Ethyl Alcohol Section 1: Chemical Product and Company Identification Product Name: Ethyl Alcohol , C2H5OH Synonym: Ethyl Alcohol Section 2: Composition and Information on Ingredients Composition: Name CAS # % by Weight Ethyl alcohol 200 Proof 64-17-5 95 Section 3: Hazards Identification Potential Acute Health Effects: Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant), Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (permeator), of ingestion. Non-corrosive for skin. Non-corrosive to the eyes. Non-corrosive for lungs. Section 4: First Aid Measures Eye Contact: Check for and remove any contact lenses. Immediately flush eyes with running water for at least 15 minutes, keeping eyelids open. Cold water may be used. Get medical attention. Skin Contact: In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Cold water may be used.Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Get medical attention. Serious Skin Contact: Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an anti-bacterial cream. Seek medical attention. Inhalation: If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention if symptoms appear. Serious Inhalation: Evacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as possible. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Seek medical attention. Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. Get medical attention if symptoms appear. Section 5: Fire and Explosion Data Flammability of the Product: Flammable. Auto-Ignition Temperature: The lowest known value is 363°C (685.4°F) (Ethyl alcohol 200 Proof). Flash Points: CLOSED CUP: 18.5°C (65.3°F).(estimated) Flammable Limits: The greatest known range is LOWER: 3.3% UPPER: 19% (Ethyl alcohol 200 Proof) Products of Combustion: These products are carbon oxides (CO, CO2). Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Highly flammable in presence of open flames and sparks, of heat. Slightly flammable to flammable in presence of oxidizing materials. Non-flammable in presence of shocks, of reducing materials, of combustible materials, of organic materials, of metals, of acids, of alkalis. Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Slightly explosive in presence of open flames and sparks, of heat, of oxidizing materials, of acids. Non-explosive in presence of shocks. Fire Fighting Media and Instructions:



Flammable liquid, soluble or dispersed in water. SMALL FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder. LARGE FIRE: Use alcohol foam, water spray or fog. Special Remarks on Fire Hazards: Containers should be grounded. CAUTION: MAY BURN WITH NEAR INVISIBLE FLAME Vapor may travel considerable distance to source of ignition and flash back. May form explosive mixtures with air. Contact with Bromine pentafluoride is likely to cause fire or explosion. Ethanol ignites on contact with chromyl chloride. Ethanol ignites on contact with iodine heptafluoride gas. It ignites than explodes upon contact with nitrosyl perchlorate. Additon of platinum black catalyst caused ignition. (Ethyl alcohol 200 Proof) Special Remarks on Explosion Hazards: Ethanol has an explosive reaction with the oxidized coating around potassium metal. Ethanol ignites and then explodes on contact with acetic anhydride + sodium hydrosulfate (ignites and may explode), disulfuric acid + nitric acid, phosphorous(III) oxide platinum, potassium-tert-butoxide+ acids. Ethanol forms explosive products in reaction with the following compound : ammonia + silver nitrate (forms silver nitride and silver fulminate), iodine + phosphorus (forms ethane iodide), magnesium perchlorate (forms ethyl perchlorate), mercuric nitrate, nitric acid + silver (forms silver fulminate) silver nitrate (forms ethyl nitrate) silver(I) oxide + ammonia or hydrazine (forms silver nitride and silver fulminate), sodium (evolves hydrogen gas). Sodium Hydrazide + alcohol can produce an explosion. Alcohols should not be mixed with mercuric nitrate, as explosive mercuric fulminate may be formed. May form explosive mixture with manganese perchlorate + 2,2-dimethoxypropane. Addition of alcohols to highly concentrate hydrogen peroxide forms powerful explosives. Explodes on contact with calcium hypochlorite Vapor may explode if ignited in an enclosed area. Containers may explode when heated or involved in a fire. (Ethyl alcohol 200 Proof) Section 6: Accidental Release Measures Small Spill: Dilute with water and mop up, or absorb with an inert dry material and place in an appropriate waste disposal container. Large Spill: Flammable liquid. Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Stop leak if without risk. Absorb with DRY earth, sand or other non-combustible material. Do not touch spilled material. Prevent entry into sewers, basements or confined areas; dike if needed. Be careful that the product is not present at a concentration level above TLV. Check TLV on the MSDS and with local authorities. Section 7: Handling and Storage Precautions: Keep locked up. Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Ground all equipment containing material. Do not ingest. Do not breathe gas/fumes/ vapor/spray. Wear suitable protective clothing. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Keep away from incompatibles such as oxidizing agents, acids, alkalis, moisture. Storage: Store in a segregated and approved area. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area. Keep container tightly closed and sealed until ready for use. Avoid all possible sources of ignition (spark or flame). Do not store above 23°C (73.4°F). Section 8: Exposure Controls/Personal Protection Engineering Controls: Provide exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to keep the airborne concentrations of vapors below their respective threshold limit value. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are proximal to the work-station location. Personal Protection: Splash goggles. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves.



Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill: Splash goggles. Full suit. Vapor respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be used to avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handling this product. Exposure Limits: Ethyl alcohol 200 Proof TWA: 1900 (mg/m3) from OSHA (PEL) [United States] TWA: 1000 (ppm) from OSHA (PEL) [United States] TWA: 1900 (mg/m3) from NIOSH [United States] TWA: 1000 (ppm) from NIOSH [United States] TWA: 1000 (ppm) [United Kingdom (UK)] TWA: 1920 (mg/m3) [United Kingdom (UK)] TWA: 1000 STEL: 1250 (ppm) [Canada] Consult local authorities for acceptable exposure limits. Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties Physical state and appearance: Liquid. Odor: Alcohol like. Mild to strong. Like wine or whiskey; Ethereal, vinous. Pleasant. Taste: Burning. Pungent. Molecular Weight: Not applicable. Color: Clear Colorless. pH (1% soln/water): Neutral. Boiling Point: The lowest known value is 78.5°C (173.3°F) (Ethyl alcohol 200 Proof). Weighted average: 79.58°C (175.2°F) Melting Point: May start to solidify at -114.1°C (-173.4°F) based on data for: Ethyl alcohol 200 Proof. Critical Temperature: The lowest known value is 243°C (469.4°F) (Ethyl alcohol 200 Proof). Specific Gravity: Weighted average: 0.8 (Water = 1) Vapor Pressure: The highest known value is 5.7 kPa (@ 20°C) (Ethyl alcohol 200 Proof). Weighted average: 5.53 kPa (@ 20°C) Vapor Density: The highest known value is 1.59 (Air = 1) (Ethyl alcohol 200 Proof). Weighted average: 1.54 (Air = 1) Volatility: Not available. Odor Threshold: 100 ppm Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.: Not available. Ionicity (in Water): Not available. Dispersion Properties: See solubility in water, methanol, diethyl ether, acetone. Solubility: Easily soluble in cold water, hot water, methanol, diethyl ether. Soluble in acetone. Section 10: Stability and Reactivity Data Stability: The product is stable. Instability Temperature: Not available. Conditions of Instability: Incompatible materials, heat, sources of ignition. Incompatibility with various substances: Reactive with oxidizing agents, acids, alkalis. Corrosivity: Non-corrosive in presence of glass. Special Remarks on Reactivity: Ethanol rapidly absorbs moisture from the air. Can react vigorously with oxiders. The following oxidants have been demonstrated to undergo vigorous/explosive reaction with ethanol: barium perchlorate, bromine pentafluoride, calcium hypochlorite, chloryl perchlorate, chromium trioxide, chromyl chloride, dioxygen difluoride, disulfuryl difluoride, fluorine nitrate, hydrogen peroxide, iodine heptafluoride, nitric acid nitrosyl perchlorate, perchloric acid permanganic acid, peroxodisulfuric acid, potassium dioxide, potassium perchlorate, potassium permanganate, ruthenium(VIII) oxide, silver perchlorate, silver peroxide, uranium hexafluoride, uranyl perchlorate. Ethanol reacts violently/expodes with the following compounds: acetyl bromide (evolves hydrogen bromide) acetyl chloride, aluminum, sesquibromide ethylate, ammonium



hydroxide & silver oxide, chlorate, chromic anhydride, cyanuric acid + water, dichloromethane + sulfuric acid + nitrate (or) nitrite, hydrogen peroxide + sulfuric acid, iodine + methanol + mercuric oxide, manganese perchlorate + 2,2-dimethoxy propane, perchlorates, permanganates + sulfuric acid, potassium superoxide, potassium tert-butoxide, silver & nitric acid, silver perchlorate, sodium hydrazide, sulfuric acid + sodium dichromate, tetrachlorisilane + water. Ethanol is also incompatible with platinium, and sodium. No really safe conditions exist under which ethyl alcohol and chlorine oxides can be handled. Reacts vigorously with acetyl chloride (Ethyl alcohol 200 Proof). .Polymerization: Will not occur. Section 11: Toxicological Information Routes of Entry: Absorbed through skin. Eye contact. Inhalation. Ingestion. Toxicity to Animals: Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 3632 mg/kg (Mouse) (Calculated value for the mixture). Chronic Effects on Humans: CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Classified PROVEN by State of California Proposition 65 [Ethyl alcohol 200 Proof]. Classified A4 (Not classifiable for human or animal.) by ACGIH [Ethyl alcohol 200 Proof]. MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Mutagenic for mammalian somatic cells. [Ethyl alcohol 200 Proof]. Mutagenic for bacteria and/or yeast. [Ethyl alcohol 200 Proof]. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Classified PROVEN for human [Ethyl alcohol 200 Proof]. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Classified Development toxin [PROVEN] [Ethyl alcohol 200 Proof]. Classified Reproductive system/toxin/female, Reproductive system/toxin/male [POSSIBLE] [Ethyl alcohol 200 Proof]. Other Toxic Effects on Humans: Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of inhalation. Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (permeator), of ingestion. Special Remarks on Toxicity to Animals: Lowest Published Dose/Conc: LDL[Human] - Route: Oral; Dose: 1400 mg/kg LDL[Human child] - Route: Oral; Dose: 2000 mg/ kg LDL[Rabbit] - Route: Skin; Dose: 20000 mg/kg (Ethyl alcohol 200 Proof) Special Remarks on Chronic Effects on Humans: May affect genetic material (mutagenic) Causes adverse reproductive effects and birth defects (teratogenic) , based on moderate to heavy consumption. May cause cancer based on animal data. Human: passes through the placenta, excreted in maternal milk. (Ethyl alcohol 200 Proof) Special Remarks on other Toxic Effects on Humans: Acute potential health effects: Skin: causes skin irritation Eyes: causes eye irritation Ingestion: May cause gastrointestinal tract irritation with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and alterations in gastric secretions. May affect behavior/central nervous system (central nervous system depression - amnesia, headache, muscular incoordination, excitation, mild euphoria, slurred speech, drowsiness, staggaring gait, fatigue, changes in mood/personality, excessive talking, dizziness, ataxia, somnolence, coma/ narcosis, hallucinations, distorted perceptions, general anesthetic), peripherial nervous system (spastic paralysis)vision (diplopia). Moderately toxic and narcotic in high concentrations. May also affect metabolism, blood, liver, respiration (dyspnea), and endocrine system. May affect respiratory tract, cardiovascular(cardiac arrhythmias, hypotension), and urinary systems. Inhalation: May cause irritation of the respiratory tract and affect behavior/central nervous system with symptoms similar to ingestion. Chronic Potential Health Effects: Skin: Prolonged or repeated skin contact may casue dermatitis, an allergic reaction. Ingestion: Prolonged or repeated ingestion will have similiar effects as acute ingestion. It may also affect the brain. Section 12: Ecological Information Products of Biodegradation:



Possibly hazardous short term degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products may arise. Toxicity of the Products of Biodegradation: The product itself and its products of degradation are not toxic. HMIS (U.S.A.): Health Hazard: 2 Fire Hazard: 3 Reactivity: 0 Personal Protection: h National Fire Protection Association (U.S.A.): Health: 2 Flammability: 3 Reactivity: 0 Specific hazard: Protective Equipment: Gloves. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Wear appropriate respirator when ventilation is inadequate. Splash goggles.

1.2.3 Acetone

Material Safety Data Sheet Acetone MSDS Section 1: Chemical Product and Company Identification Product Name: Acetone CAS#: 67-64-1 Synonym: 2-propanone; Dimethyl Ketone; Dimethylformaldehyde; Pyroacetic Acid Chemical Name: Acetone Chemical Formula: C3-H6-O Section 2: Composition and Information on Ingredients Composition: Name CAS # % by Weight Acetone 67-64-1 100 Toxicological Data on Ingredients: Acetone: ORAL (LD50): Acute: 5800 mg/kg [Rat]. 3000 mg/kg [Mouse]. 5340 mg/kg [Rabbit]. VAPOR (LC50): Acute: 50100 mg/m 8 hours [Rat]. 44000 mg/m 4 hours [Mouse]. Section 3: Hazards Identification Potential Acute Health Effects: Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation. Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (permeator). Potential Chronic Health Effects: CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: A4 (Not classifiable for human or animal.) by ACGIH. MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Classified Reproductive system/toxin/female, Reproductive system/toxin/male [SUSPECTED]. The substance is toxic to central nervous system (CNS). The substance may be toxic to kidneys, the reproductive system, liver, skin. Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage. Section 4: First Aid Measures Eye Contact: Check for and remove any contact lenses. Immediately flush eyes with running water for at least 15 minutes, keeping eyelids open. Cold water may be used. Get medical attention.



Skin Contact: In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Cold water may be used. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Get medical attention. Serious Skin Contact: Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an anti-bacterial cream. Seek medical attention. Inhalation: If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention if symptoms appear. Serious Inhalation: Evacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as possible. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Seek medical attention. Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. Get medical attention if symptoms appear. Serious Ingestion: Not available. Section 5: Fire and Explosion Data Flammability of the Product: Flammable. Auto-Ignition Temperature: 465°C (869°F) Flash Points: CLOSED CUP: -20°C (-4°F). OPEN CUP: -9°C (15.8°F) (Cleveland). Flammable Limits: LOWER: 2.6% UPPER: 12.8% Products of Combustion: These products are carbon oxides (CO, CO2). Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Highly flammable in presence of open flames and sparks, of heat. Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not available. Slightly explosive in presence of open flames and sparks, of oxidizing materials, of acids. Fire Fighting Media and Instructions: Flammable liquid, soluble or dispersed in water. SMALL FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder. LARGE FIRE: Use alcohol foam, water spray or fog. Special Remarks on Fire Hazards: Vapor may travel considerable distance to source of ignition and flash back. Special Remarks on Explosion Hazards: Forms explosive mixtures with hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid, nitric acid, nitric acid + sulfuric acid, chromic anydride, chromyl chloride, nitrosyl chloride, hexachloromelamine, nitrosyl perchlorate, nitryl perchlorate, permonosulfuric acid, thiodiglycol + hydrogen peroxide, potassium ter-butoxide, sulfur dichloride, 1-methyl-1,3-butadiene, bromoform, carbon, air, chloroform, thitriazylperchlorate. Section 6: Accidental Release Measures Small Spill: Dilute with water and mop up or absorb with an inert dry material and place in an appropriate waste disposal container. Large Spill: Flammable liquid. Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Stop leak if without risk. Absorb with DRY earth, sand or other non-combustible material. Do not touch spilled material. Prevent entry into sewers, basements or confined areas; dike if needed. Be careful that the product is not present at a concentration level above TLV. Check TLV on the MSDS and with local authorities.



Section 7: Handling and Storage Precautions: Keep locked up. Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Ground all equipment containing material. Do not ingest. Do not breathe gas/fumes/ vapor/spray. Wear suitable protective clothing. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Keep away from incompatibles such as oxidizing agents, reducing agents, acids, alkalis. Storage: Store in a segregated and approved area (flammables area). Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area. Keep container tightly closed and sealed until ready for use. Keep away from direct sunlight and heat and avoid all possible sources of ignition (spark or flame). Section 8: Exposure Controls/Personal Protection Engineering Controls: Provide exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to keep the airborne concentrations of vapors below their respective threshold limit value. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are proximal to the work-station location. Personal Protection: Splash goggles. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves. Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill: Splash goggles. Full suit. Vapor respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be used to avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handling this product. Exposure Limits: TWA: 500 STEL: 750 (ppm) from ACGIH (TLV) [United States] TWA: 750 STEL: 1000 (ppm) from OSHA (PEL) [United States] TWA: 500 STEL: 1000 [Austalia] TWA: 1185 STEL: 2375 (mg/m3) [Australia] TWA: 750 STEL: 1500 (ppm) [United Kingdom (UK)] TWA: 1810 STEL: 3620 (mg/m3) [United Kingdom (UK)] TWA: 1800 STEL: 2400 from OSHA (PEL) [United States]Consult local authorities for acceptable exposure limits. Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties Physical state and appearance: Liquid. Odor: Fruity. Mint-like. Fragrant. Ethereal Taste: Pungent, Sweetish Molecular Weight: 58.08 g/mole Color: Colorless. Clear pH (1% soln/water): Not available. Boiling Point: 56.2°C (133.2°F) Melting Point: -95.35 (-139.6°F) Critical Temperature: 235°C (455°F) Specific Gravity: 0.79 (Water = 1) Vapor Pressure: 24 kPa (@ 20°C) Vapor Density: 2 (Air = 1) Volatility: Not available. Odor Threshold: 62 ppm Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.: The product is more soluble in water; log(oil/water) = -0.2 Ionicity (in Water): Not available. Dispersion Properties: See solubility in water. Solubility: Easily soluble in cold water, hot water.



Section 10: Stability and Reactivity Data Stability: The product is stable. Instability Temperature: Not available. Conditions of Instability: Excess heat, ignition sources, exposure to moisture, air, or water, incompatible materials. Incompatibility with various substances: Reactive with oxidizing agents, reducing agents, acids, alkalis. Corrosivity: Non-corrosive in presence of glass. Special Remarks on Reactivity: Not available. Special Remarks on Corrosivity: Not available. Polymerization: Will not occur. Section 11: Toxicological Information Routes of Entry: Absorbed through skin. Dermal contact. Eye contact. Inhalation. Toxicity to Animals: WARNING: THE LC50 VALUES HEREUNDER ARE ESTIMATED ON THE BASIS OF A 4-HOUR EXPOSURE. Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 3000 mg/kg [Mouse]. Acute toxicity of the vapor (LC50): 44000 mg/m3 4 hours [Mouse]. Chronic Effects on Humans: CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: A4 (Not classifiable for human or animal.) by ACGIH. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Classified Reproductive system/toxin/female, Reproductive system/toxin/male [SUSPECTED]. Causes damage to the following organs: central nervous system (CNS). May cause damage to the following organs: kidneys, the reproductive system, liver, skin. Other Toxic Effects on Humans: Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation. Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (permeator). Special Remarks on Toxicity to Animals: Not available. Special Remarks on Chronic Effects on Humans: May affect genetic material (mutagenicity) based on studies with yeast (S. cerevisiae), bacteria, and hamster fibroblast cells. May cause reproductive effects (fertility) based upon animal studies. May contain trace amounts of benzene and formaldehyde which may cancer and birth defects. Human: passes the placental barrier. Special Remarks on other Toxic Effects on Humans: Acute Potential Health Effects: Skin: May cause skin irritation. May be harmful if absorbed through the skin. Eyes: Causes eye irritation, characterized by a burning sensation, redness, tearing, inflammation, and possible corneal injury. Inhalation: Inhalation at high concentrations affects the sense organs, brain and causes respiratory tract irritation. It also may affect the Central Nervous System (behavior) characterized by dizzness, drowsiness, confusion, headache, muscle weakeness, and possibly motor incoordination, speech abnormalities, narcotic effects and coma. Inhalation may also affect the gastrointestinal tract (nausea, vomiting). Ingestion: May cause irritation of the digestive (gastrointestinal) tract (nausea, vomiting). It may also affect the Central Nevous System (behavior), characterized by depression, fatigue, excitement, stupor, coma, headache, altered sleep time, ataxia, tremors as well at the blood, liver, and urinary system (kidney, bladder, ureter) and endocrinesystem. May also have musculoskeletal effects. Chronic Potential Health Effects: Skin: May cause dermatitis. Eyes: Eye irritation. Section 12: Ecological Information Ecotoxicity: Ecotoxicity in water (LC50): 5540 mg/l 96 hours [Trout]. 8300 mg/l 96 hours [Bluegill]. 7500 mg/l 96 hours [Fatthead Minnow].



0.1 ppm any hours [Water flea]. BOD5 and COD: Not available. Products of Biodegradation: Possibly hazardous short-term degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products may arise. Toxicity of the Products of Biodegradation: The product itself and its products of degradation are not toxic. Special Remarks on the Products of Biodegradation: Not available. Section 13: Disposal Considerations Waste Disposal: Waste must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state and local environmental control regulations. Other Regulations: OSHA: Hazardous by definition of Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200). EINECS: This product is on the European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances. Other Classifications: WHMIS (Canada): CLASS B-2: Flammable liquid with a flash point lower than 37.8°C (100°F). CLASS D-2B: Material causing other toxic effects (TOXIC). p. 6 DSCL (EEC): R11- Highly flammable. R36- Irritating to eyes. S9- Keep container in a well-ventilated place. S16- Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. S26- In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. HMIS (U.S.A.): Health Hazard: 2 Fire Hazard: 3 Reactivity: 0 Personal Protection: h National Fire Protection Association (U.S.A.): Health: 1 Flammability: 3 Reactivity: 0 Specific hazard: Protective Equipment: Gloves. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Wear appropriate respirator when ventilation is inadequate. Splash goggles.

1.2.4 Toluene

lMaterial Safety Data Sheet Toluene MSDS Section 1: Chemical Product and Company Identification Product Name: Toluene CAS#: 108-88-3 Synonym: Toluol, Tolu-Sol; Methylbenzene; Methacide; Phenylmethane; Methylbenzol Chemical Name: Toluene



Chemical Formula: C6-H5-CH3 or C7-H8 Section 2: Composition and Information on Ingredients Composition: Name CAS # % by Weight Toluene 108-88-3 100 Toxicological Data on Ingredients: Toluene: ORAL (LD50): Acute: 636 mg/kg [Rat]. DERMAL (LD50): Acute: 14100 mg/kg [Rabbit]. VAPOR (LC50): Acute: 49000 mg/m 4 hours [Rat]. 440 ppm 24 hours [Mouse]. Section 3: Hazards Identification Potential Acute Health Effects: Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation. Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (permeator). Potential Chronic Health Effects: CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: A4 (Not classifiable for human or animal.) by ACGIH, 3 (Not classifiable for human.) by IARC. MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available. The substance may be toxic to blood, kidneys, the nervous system, liver, brain, central nervous system (CNS). Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage. Section 4: First Aid Measures Eye Contact: Check for and remove any contact lenses. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Get medical attention. Skin Contact: In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Get medical attention. Serious Skin Contact: Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an anti-bacterial cream. Seek immediate medical attention. Inhalation: If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention. Serious Inhalation: Evacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as possible. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. WARNING: It may be hazardous to the person providing aid to give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation when the inhaled material is toxic, infectious or corrosive. Seek medical attention. Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. If large quantities of this material are swallowed, call a physician immediately. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. Serious Ingestion: Not available. Section 5: Fire and Explosion Data Flammability of the Product: Flammable. Auto-Ignition Temperature: 480°C (896°F) Flash Points: CLOSED CUP: 4.4444°C (40°F). (Setaflash) OPEN CUP: 16°C (60.8°F). Flammable Limits: LOWER: 1.1% UPPER: 7.1% Products of Combustion: These products are carbon oxides (CO, CO2). Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances:



Flammable in presence of open flames and sparks, of heat. Non-flammable in presence of shocks. Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not available. Risks of explosion of the product in presence of static discharge: Not available. Fire Fighting Media and Instructions: Flammable liquid, insoluble in water. SMALL FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder. LARGE FIRE: Use water spray or fog. Special Remarks on Fire Hazards: Not available. Special Remarks on Explosion Hazards: Toluene forms explosive reaction with 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethyl-2,4-imidazolididione; dinitrogen tetraoxide; concentrated nitric acid, sulfuric acid + nitric acid; N2O4; AgClO4; BrF3; Uranium hexafluoride; sulfur dichloride. Also forms an explosive mixture with tetranitromethane. Section 6: Accidental Release Measures Small Spill: Absorb with an inert material and put the spilled material in an appropriate waste disposal. Large Spill: Toxic flammable liquid, insoluble or very slightly soluble in water. Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Stop leak if without risk. Absorb with DRY earth, sand or other non-combustible material. Do not get water inside container. Do not touch spilled material. Prevent entry into sewers, basements or confined areas; dike if needed. Call for assistance on disposal. Be careful that the product is not present at a concentration level above TLV. Check TLV on the MSDS and with local authorities. Section 7: Handling and Storage Precautions: Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Ground all equipment containing material. Do not ingest. Do not breathe gas/fumes/ vapor/spray. Wear suitable protective clothing. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Keep away from incompatibles such as oxidizing agents. Storage: Store in a segregated and approved area. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area. Keep container tightly closed and sealed until ready for use. Avoid all possible sources of ignition (spark or flame). Section 8: Exposure Controls/Personal Protection Engineering Controls: Provide exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to keep the airborne concentrations of vapors below their respective threshold limit value. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are proximal to the work-station location. Personal Protection: Splash goggles. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves. Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill: Splash goggles. Full suit. Vapor respirator. Boots. Gloves. A selfcontained breathing apparatus should be used to avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handling this product. Exposure Limits: TWA: 200 STEL: 500 CEIL: 300 (ppm) from OSHA (PEL) [United States] TWA: 50 (ppm) from ACGIH (TLV) [United States] SKIN TWA: 100 STEL: 150 from NIOSH [United States] TWA: 375



STEL: 560 (mg/m3) from NIOSH [United States] Consult local authorities for acceptable exposure limits. Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties Physical state and appearance: Liquid. Odor: Sweet, pungent, Benzene-like. Taste: Not available. Molecular Weight: 92.14 g/mole Color: Colorless. pH (1% soln/water): Not applicable. Boiling Point: 110.6°C (231.1°F) Melting Point: -95°C (-139°F) Critical Temperature: 318.6°C (605.5°F) Specific Gravity: 0.8636 (Water = 1) Vapor Pressure: 3.8 kPa (@ 25°C) Vapor Density: 3.1 (Air = 1) Volatility: Not available. Odor Threshold: 1.6 ppm Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.: The product is more soluble in oil; log(oil/water) = 2.7 Ionicity (in Water): Not available. Dispersion Properties: See solubility in water, diethyl ether, acetone. Solubility: Soluble in diethyl ether, acetone. Practically insoluble in cold water. Soluble in ethanol, benzene, chloroform, glacial acetic acid, carbon disulfide. Solubility in water: 0.561 g/l @ 25 deg. C. Section 10: Stability and Reactivity Data Stability: The product is stable. Instability Temperature: Not available. Conditions of Instability: Heat, ignition sources (flames, sparks, static), incompatible materials Incompatibility with various substances: Reactive with oxidizing agents. Corrosivity: Non-corrosive in presence of glass. Special Remarks on Reactivity: Incompatible with strong oxidizers, silver perchlorate, sodium difluoride, Tetranitromethane, Uranium Hexafluoride. Frozen Bromine Trifluoride reacts violently with Toluene at -80 deg. C. Reacts chemically with nitrogen oxides, or halogens to form nitrotoluene, nitrobenzene, and nitrophenol and halogenated products, respectively. Special Remarks on Corrosivity: Not available. Polymerization: Will not occur. Section 11: Toxicological Information Routes of Entry: Absorbed through skin. Dermal contact. Eye contact. Inhalation. Ingestion. Toxicity to Animals: WARNING: THE LC50 VALUES HEREUNDER ARE ESTIMATED ON THE BASIS OF A 4-HOUR EXPOSURE. Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 636 mg/kg [Rat]. Acute dermal toxicity (LD50): 14100 mg/kg [Rabbit]. Acute toxicity of the vapor (LC50): 440 24 hours [Mouse]. Chronic Effects on Humans: CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: A4 (Not classifiable for human or animal.) by ACGIH, 3 (Not classifiable for human.) by IARC. May cause damage to the following organs: blood, kidneys, the nervous system, liver, brain, central nervous system (CNS). Other Toxic Effects on Humans:



Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation. Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (permeator). Special Remarks on Toxicity to Animals: Lowest Published Lethal Dose: LDL [Human] - Route: Oral; Dose: 50 mg/kg LCL [Rabbit] - Route: Inhalation; Dose: 55000 ppm/40min Special Remarks on Chronic Effects on Humans: Detected in maternal milk in human. Passes through the placental barrier in human. Embryotoxic and/or foetotoxic in animal. May cause adverse reproductive effects and birth defects (teratogenic). May affect genetic material (mutagenic) Special Remarks on other Toxic Effects on Humans: Acute Potential Health Effects: Skin: Causes mild to moderate skin irritation. It can be absorbed to some extent through the skin. Eyes: Cauess mild to moderate eye irritation with a burning sensation. Splash contact with eyes also causes conjunctivitis, blepharospasm, corneal edema, corneal abraisons. This usually resolves in 2 days. Inhalation: Inhalation of vapor may cause respiratory tract irritation causing coughing and wheezing, and nasal discharge. Inhalation of high concentrations may affect behavior and cause central nervous system effects characterized by nausea, headache, dizziness, tremors, restlessness, lightheadedness, exhilaration, memory loss, insomnia, impaired reaction time, drowsiness, ataxia, hallucinations, somnolence, muscle contraction or spasticity, unconsciousness and coma. Inhalation of high concentration of vapor may also affect the cardiovascular system (rapid heartbeat, heart palpitations, increased or decreased blood pressure, dysrhythmia,), respiration (acute pulmonary edema, respiratory depression, apnea, asphyxia), cause vision disturbances and dilated pupils, and cause loss of appetite. Ingestion: Aspiration hazard. Aspiration of Toluene into the lungs may cause chemical pneumonitis. May cause irritation of the digestive tract with nausea, vomiting, pain. May have effects similar to that of acute inhalation. Chronic Potential Health Effects: Inhalation and Ingestion: Prolonged or repeated exposure via inhalation may cause central nervous system and cardiovascular symptoms similar to that of acute inhalation and ingestion as well liver damage/failure, kidney damage/failure (with hematuria, proteinuria, oliguria, renal tubular acidosis), brain damage, weight loss, blood (pigmented or nucleated red blood cells, changes in white blood cell count), bone marrow changes, electrolyte imbalances (Hypokalemia, Hypophostatemia), severe, muscle weakness and Rhabdomyolysis. Skin: Repeated or prolonged skin contact may cause defatting dermatitis. Section 12: Ecological Information Ecotoxicity: Ecotoxicity in water (LC50): 313 mg/l 48 hours [Daphnia (daphnia)]. 17 mg/l 24 hours [Fish (Blue Gill)]. 13 mg/l 96 hours [Fish (Blue Gill)]. 56 mg/l 24 hours [Fish (Fathead minnow)]. 34 mg/l 96 hours [Fish (Fathead minnow)]. 56.8 ppm any hours [Fish (Goldfish)]. BOD5 and COD: Not available. Products of Biodegradation: Possibly hazardous shortterm degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products may arise. Toxicity of the Products of Biodegradation: The products of degradation are less toxic than the product itself. Special Remarks on the Products of Biodegradation: Not available. Section 13: Disposal Considerations Waste Disposal: Waste must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state and local environmental control regulations. Other Classifications:



WHMIS (Canada): CLASS B-2: Flammable liquid with a flash point lower than 37.8°C (100°F). CLASS D-2A: Material causing other toxic effects (VERY TOXIC). DSCL (EEC): R11- Highly flammable. R20- Harmful by inhalation. S16- Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. S25- Avoid contact with eyes. S29- Do not empty into drains. S33- Take precautionary measures against static discharges. HMIS (U.S.A.): Health Hazard: 2 Fire Hazard: 3 Reactivity: 0 Personal Protection: h National Fire Protection Association (U.S.A.): Health: 2 Flammability: 3 Reactivity: 0 Specific hazard: Protective Equipment: Gloves. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Wear appropriate respirator when ventilation is inadequate. Splash goggles.

1.2.5 Ethyl Acetate

Material Safety Data Sheet Ethyl acetate MSDS Section 1: Chemical Product and Company Identification Product Name: Ethyl acetate CAS#: 141-78-6 Synonym: Acetic Acid, Ethyl Ester Acetic Ether Chemical Name: Ethyl Acetate Chemical Formula: C4-H8-O2 Section 2: Composition and Information on Ingredients Composition: Name CAS # % by Weight Ethyl acetate 141-78-6 100 Toxicological Data on Ingredients: Ethyl acetate: ORAL (LD50): Acute: 5620 mg/kg [Rat]. 4100 mg/kg [Mouse]. 4935 mg/kg [Rabbit]. VAPOR (LC50): Acute: 45000 mg/m 3 hours [Mouse]. 16000 ppm 6 hours [Rat]. Section 3: Hazards Identification Potential Acute Health Effects: Hazardous in case of ingestion, of inhalation. Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant, permeator), of eye contact (irritant). Potential Chronic Health Effects: CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: A4 (Not classifiable for human or animal.) by ACGIH. MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available. The substance is toxic to mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract. The substance may be toxic to blood, kidneys, liver, central nervous system (CNS). Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage.



Section 4: First Aid Measures Eye Contact: Check for and remove any contact lenses. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Cold water may be used. Get medical attention. Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Get medical attention if irritation develops. Cold water may be used. Serious Skin Contact: Not available. Inhalation: If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention if symptoms appear. Serious Inhalation: Evacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as possible. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Seek medical attention. Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. Get medical attention if symptoms appear. Serious Ingestion: Not available. Section 5: Fire and Explosion Data Flammability of the Product: Flammable. Auto-Ignition Temperature: 426.67°C (800°F) Flash Points: CLOSED CUP: -4.4°C (24.1°F). (TAG) OPEN CUP: 7.2°C (45°F) (Cleveland). Flammable Limits: LOWER: 2.2% UPPER: 9% Products of Combustion: These products are carbon oxides (CO, CO2). Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Highly flammable in presence of open flames and sparks, of heat. Slightly flammable to flammable in presence of oxidizing materials, of acids, of alkalis. Non-flammable in presence of shocks. Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Risks of explosion of the product in presence of static discharge: Not available. Slightly explosive in presence of heat. Nonexplosive in presence of shocks. Fire Fighting Media and Instructions: Flammable liquid, soluble or dispersed in water. SMALL FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder. LARGE FIRE: Use alcohol foam, water spray or fog. Special Remarks on Fire Hazards: Vapor may travel considerable distance to source of ignition and flash back. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. Special Remarks on Explosion Hazards: The liquid produces a vapor that forms explosive mixtures with air at normal temperatures. Explosive reaction with lithium tetrahydroaluminate. Section 6: Accidental Release Measures Small Spill: Dilute with water and mop up or absorb with an inert dry material and place in an appropriate waste disposal container. Large Spill: Flammable liquid. Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Stop leak if without risk. Absorb with DRY earth, sand or other non-combustible material. Do not touch spilled material. Prevent entry into sewers, basements or confined areas; dike if needed. Be



careful that the product is not present at a concentration level above TLV. Check TLV on the MSDS and with local authorities. Section 7: Handling and Storage Precautions: Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Ground all equipment containing material. Do not ingest. Do not breathe gas/fumes/ vapor/spray. Wear suitable protective clothing. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Keep away from incompatibles such as oxidizing agents, acids, alkalis. Storage: Store in a segregated and approved area. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area. Keep container tightly closed and sealed until ready for use. Avoid all possible sources of ignition (spark or flame). Moisture sensitive. Section 8: Exposure Controls/Personal Protection Engineering Controls: Provide exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to keep the airborne concentrations of vapors below their respective threshold limit value. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are proximal to the work-station location. Personal Protection: Safety glasses. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves. Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill: Splash goggles. Full suit. Vapor respirator. Boots. Gloves. A selfcontained breathing apparatus should be used to avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handling this product. Exposure Limits: TWA: 400 (ppm) from OSHA (PEL) [United States] TWA: 400 from ACGIH (TLV) [United States] TWA: 1400 (mg/m3) from NIOSH [United States] TWA: 400 (ppm) from NIOSH [United States] TWA: 400 (ppm) [Canada] TWA: 1440 (mg/m3) [Canada] TWA: 1400 (mg/m3) from OSHA (PEL) [United States]3 Consult local authorities for acceptable exposure limits. Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties Physical state and appearance: Liquid. Odor: Ethereal. Fruity. (Slight.) Taste: Bittersweet, wine-like burning taste Molecular Weight: 88.11 g/mole Color: Colorless. pH (1% soln/water): Not available. Boiling Point: 77°C (170.6°F) Melting Point: -83°C (-117.4°F) Critical Temperature: 250°C (482°F) Specific Gravity: 0.902 (Water = 1) Vapor Pressure: 12.4 kPa (@ 20°C) Vapor Density: 3.04 (Air = 1) Volatility: Not available. Odor Threshold: 3.9 ppm Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.: The product is more soluble in oil; log(oil/water) = 0.7 Ionicity (in Water): Not available. Dispersion Properties: See solubility in water, diethyl ether, acetone. Solubility: Soluble in cold water, hot water, diethyl ether, acetone, alcohol, benzene.



Section 10: Stability and Reactivity Data Stability: The product is stable. Instability Temperature: Not available. Conditions of Instability: Heat, ignition sources (flames, sparks, static), incompatible materials Incompatibility with various substances: Reactive with oxidizing agents, acids, alkalis. Corrosivity: Non-corrosive in presence of glass. Special Remarks on Reactivity: Also incompatible with nitrates, chlorosulfonic acid, oleum, potassium-tert-butoxide, and lithium tetrahydroaluminate. Moisture sensitive. On storage, it is slowly decomposed by water. Special Remarks on Corrosivity: Not available. Polymerization: Will not occur. Section 11: Toxicological Information Routes of Entry: Absorbed through skin. Eye contact. Inhalation. Ingestion. Toxicity to Animals: WARNING: THE LC50 VALUES HEREUNDER ARE ESTIMATED ON THE BASIS OF A 4-HOUR EXPOSURE. Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 4100 mg/kg [Mouse]. Acute toxicity of the vapor (LC50): 45000 mg/m3 3 hours [Mouse]. Chronic Effects on Humans: CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: A4 (Not classifiable for human or animal.) by ACGIH. Causes damage to the following organs: mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract. May cause damage to the following organs: blood, kidneys, liver, central nervous system (CNS). Other Toxic Effects on Humans: Hazardous in case of ingestion, of inhalation. Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant, permeator). Special Remarks on Toxicity to Animals: LD50 [Rabbit] - Route: skin; Dose >20,000 ml/kg Special Remarks on Chronic Effects on Humans: May affect genetic material (mutagenic). May cause adverse reproductive effects. based on animal test data. No human data found at this time. Special Remarks on other Toxic Effects on Humans: Acute Potential Health Effects: Skin: May cause skin irritation. Eyes: Causes eye irritation. May cause irritation of the conjunctivia. Inhalation: May cause respiratory tract and mucous membrane irritation. May affect respiration and may cause acute pulmonary edema. May affect gastrointestinal tract (nausea, vomiting). May affect behavior/central nervous system (mild central nervous system depression - exhilaration, talkativeness, boastfulness, belligerancy, vertigo, diplopia, drowsiness, slurred speech, slowed reaction time, dizziness, lightheadedness, somnolence, ataxia, unconciousness, irritability, fatigue, sleep disturbances, reduced memory and concentration, stupor, coma), cardiovascular system (peripheral vascular collapse (shock) - rapid pulse, hypotension, cold pale skin, hypothermia). Other symptoms may include: flushing of face and sweating. Ingestion: May cause gastrointestinal tract irritation with nausea and vomiting. May affect blood, behavior/central nervous system (CNS depression – effectts may be similar to that of inhalation). Chronic Potential Health Effects: Skin: Repeated or prolonged skin contact may cause drying and cracking of the skin. IngestIon: Prolonged or repeated ingestion may affect the liver. Inhalation: Prolonged inhalation may affect behavior/central nervous system (symptoms similar to those of acute inhalation), and cause liver, kidney, lung, and heart damage. It may also affect metabolism, and blood (anemia, leukocytosis). Section 12: Ecological Information Ecotoxicity: Ecotoxicity in water (LC50): 220 mg/l 96 hours [Fish (Fathead minnow)]. 212.5 ppm 96 hours [Fish (Indian catfish)].



BOD5 and COD: Not available. Products of Biodegradation: Possibly hazardous shortterm degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products may arise. Toxicity of the Products of Biodegradation: The product itself and its products of degradation are not toxic. Special Remarks on the Products of Biodegradation: Not available. Section 13: Disposal Considerations Waste Disposal: Waste must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state and local environmental control regulations. Other Classifications: WHMIS (Canada): CLASS B-2: Flammable liquid with a flash point lower than 37.8°C (100°F). DSCL (EEC): R11- Highly flammable. R36- Irritating to eyes. S2- Keep out of the reach of children. S16- Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. S26- In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S33- Take precautionary measures against static discharges. S46- If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. HMIS (U.S.A.): Health Hazard: 2 Fire Hazard: 3 Reactivity: 0 Personal Protection: g National Fire Protection Association (U.S.A.): Health: 1 Flammability: 3 Reactivity: 0 Specific hazard: Protective Equipment: Gloves. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Wear appropriate respirator when ventilation is inadequate. Safety glasses.

1.2.6 Iso Propyl Alcohol

Material Safety Data Sheet Isopropyl alcohol MSDS Section 1: Chemical Product and Company Identification Product Name: Isopropyl alcohol CAS#: 67-63-0 Synonym: 2-Propanol Chemical Name: isopropanol Chemical Formula: C3-H8-O Section 2: Composition and Information on Ingredients Composition: Name CAS # % by Weight Isopropyl alcohol 67-63-0 100 Toxicological Data on Ingredients: Isopropyl alcohol: ORAL (LD50): Acute: 5045 mg/kg [Rat]. 3600 mg/kg [Mouse]. 6410 mg/kg [Rabbit]. DERMAL (LD50): Acute: 12800 mg/kg [Rabbit].



Section 3: Hazards Identification Potential Acute Health Effects: Hazardous in case of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation. Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant, sensitizer, permeator). Potential Chronic Health Effects: Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (sensitizer). CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: A4 (Not classifiable for human or animal.) by ACGIH, 3 (Not classifiable for human.) by IARC. MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Classified Reproductive system/toxin/female, Development toxin [POSSIBLE]. The substance may be toxic to kidneys, liver, skin, central nervous system (CNS). Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage. Section 4: First Aid Measures Eye Contact: Check for and remove any contact lenses. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Cold water may be used. Get medical attention. Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Get medical attention if irritation develops. Cold water may be used. Serious Skin Contact: Not available. Inhalation: If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention if symptoms appear. Serious Inhalation: Evacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as possible. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Seek medical attention. Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. Get medical attention if symptoms appear. Serious Ingestion: Not available. Section 5: Fire and Explosion Data Flammability of the Product: Flammable. Auto-Ignition Temperature: 399°C (750.2°F) Flash Points: CLOSED CUP: 11.667°C (53°F) - 12.778 deg. C (55 deg. F) (TAG) Flammable Limits: LOWER: 2% UPPER: 12.7% Products of Combustion: These products are carbon oxides (CO, CO2). Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Highly flammable in presence of open flames and sparks, of heat. Flammable in presence of oxidizing materials. Nonflammable in presence of shocks. Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not available. Explosive in presence of open flames and sparks, of heat. Fire Fighting Media and Instructions: Flammable liquid, soluble or dispersed in water. SMALL FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder. LARGE FIRE: Use alcohol foam, water spray or fog. Special Remarks on Fire Hazards: Vapor may travel considerable distance to source of ignition and flash back. CAUTION: MAY BURN WITH NEAR INVISIBLE FLAME. Hydrogen peroxide sharply reduces the autoignition temperature of Isopropyl alcohol. After a delay, Isopropyl alcohol ignites on contact with



dioxgenyl tetrafluorborate, chromium trioxide, and potassium tert-butoxide. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and fumes. Special Remarks on Explosion Hazards: Secondary alcohols are readily autooxidized in contact with oxygen or air, forming ketones and hydrogen peroxide. It can become potentially explosive. It reacts with oxygen to form dangerously unstable peroxides which can concentrate and explode during distillation or evaporation. The presence of 2-butanone increases the reaction rate for peroxide formation. Explosive in the form of vapor when exposed to heat or flame. May form explosive mixtures with air. Isopropyl alcohol + phosgene forms isopropyl chloroformate and hydrogen chloride. In the presence of iron salts, thermal decompositon can occur, whicn in some cases can become explosive. A homogeneous mixture of concentrated peroxides + isopropyl alcohol are capable of detonation by shock or heat. Barium perchlorate + isopropyl alcohol gives the highly explosive alkyl perchlorates. It forms explosive mixtures with trinitormethane and hydrogen peroxide. It produces a violent explosive reaction when heated with aluminum isopropoxide + crotonaldehyde. Mixtures of isopropyl alcohol + nitroform are explosive. Section 6: Accidental Release Measures Small Spill: Dilute with water and mop up or absorb with an inert dry material and place in an appropriate waste disposal container. Large Spill: Flammable liquid. Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Stop leak if without risk. Absorb with DRY earth, sand or other non-combustible material. Do not touch spilled material. Prevent entry into sewers, basements or confined areas; dike if needed. Be careful that the product is not present at a concentration level above TLV. Check TLV on the MSDS and with local authorities. Section 7: Handling and Storage Precautions: Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Ground all equipment containing material. Do not ingest. Do not breathe gas/fumes/ vapor/spray. Avoid contact with eyes. Wear suitable protective clothing. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Keep away from incompatibles such as oxidizing agents, acids. Storage: Store in a segregated and approved area. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area. Keep container tightly closed and sealed until ready for use. Avoid all possible sources of ignition (spark or flame). Section 8: Exposure Controls/Personal Protection Engineering Controls: Provide exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to keep the airborne concentrations of vapors below their respective threshold limit value. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are proximal to the work-station location. Personal Protection: Splash goggles. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves. Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill: Splash goggles. Full suit. Vapor respirator. Boots. Gloves. A selfcontained breathing apparatus should be used to avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handling this product. Exposure Limits:



TWA: 983 STEL: 1230 (mg/m3) [Australia] TWA: 200 STEL: 400 (ppm) from ACGIH (TLV) [United States] [1999] TWA: 980 STEL: 1225 (mg/m3) from NIOSH TWA: 400 STEL: 500 (ppm) from NIOSH TWA: 400 STEL: 500 (ppm) [United Kingdom (UK)] TWA: 999 STEL: 1259 (mg/m3) [United Kingdom (UK)] TWA: 400 STEL: 500 (ppm) from OSHA (PEL) [United States] TWA: 980 STEL: 1225 (mg/m3) from OSHA (PEL) [United States] Consult local authorities for acceptable exposure limits. Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties Physical state and appearance: Liquid. Odor: Pleasant. Odor resembling that of a mixture of ethanol and acetone. Taste: Bitter. (Slight.) Molecular Weight: 60.1 g/mole Color: Colorless. pH (1% soln/water): Not available. Boiling Point: 82.5°C (180.5°F) Melting Point: -88.5°C (-127.3°F) Critical Temperature: 235°C (455°F) Specific Gravity: 0.78505 (Water = 1) Vapor Pressure: 4.4 kPa (@ 20°C) Vapor Density: 2.07 (Air = 1) Volatility: Not available. Odor Threshold: 22 ppm (Sittig, 1991) 700 ppm for unadapted panelists (Verschuren, 1983). Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.: The product is equally soluble in oil and water; log(oil/water) = 0.1 Ionicity (in Water): Not available. Dispersion Properties: See solubility in water, methanol, diethyl ether, n-octanol, acetone. Solubility: Easily soluble in cold water, hot water, methanol, diethyl ether, n-octanol, acetone. Insoluble in salt solution. Soluble in benzene. Miscible with most organic solvents including alcohol, ethyl alcohol, chloroform. Section 10: Stability and Reactivity Data Stability: The product is stable. Instability Temperature: Not available. Conditions of Instability: Heat, Ignition sources, incompatible materials Incompatibility with various substances: Reactive with oxidizing agents, acids, alkalis. Corrosivity: Non-corrosive in presence of glass. Special Remarks on Reactivity: Reacts violently with hydrogen + palladium combination, nitroform, oleum, COCl2, aluminum triisopropoxide, oxidants Incompatible with acetaldehyde, chlorine, ethylene oxide, isocyanates, acids, alkaline earth, alkali metals, caustics, amines, crotonaldehyde, phosgene, ammonia. Isopropyl alcohol reacts with metallic aluminum at high temperatures. Isopropyl alcohol attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Vigorous reaction with sodium dichromate + sulfuric acid. Special Remarks on Corrosivity: May attack some forms of plastic, rubber and coating Polymerization: Will not occur. Section 11: Toxicological Information Routes of Entry: Absorbed through skin. Dermal contact. Eye contact. Inhalation. Toxicity to Animals: WARNING: THE LC50 VALUES HEREUNDER ARE ESTIMATED ON THE BASIS OF A 4-HOUR EXPOSURE. Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 3600 mg/kg [Mouse]. Acute dermal toxicity (LD50): 12800 mg/kg [Rabbit]. Acute toxicity of the vapor (LC50): 16000 8 hours [Rat]. Chronic Effects on Humans:



CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: A4 (Not classifiable for human or animal.) by ACGIH, 3 (Not classifiable for human.) by IARC. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Classified Reproductive system/toxin/female, Development toxin [POSSIBLE]. May cause damage to the following organs: kidneys, liver, skin, central nervous system (CNS). Other Toxic Effects on Humans: Hazardous in case of ingestion, of inhalation. Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant, sensitizer, permeator). Special Remarks on Toxicity to Animals: Not available. Special Remarks on Chronic Effects on Humans: M a y c a u s e a d v e r s e r e p r o d u c t i v e / t e r a t o g e n i c e f f e c t s ( f e r t i l i t y , f e t o x i c i t y , d e v e l o p m e n t a l abnormalities (developmental toxin)) based on animal studies. Detected in maternal milk in human. Special Remarks on other Toxic Effects on Humans: Acute Potential Health Effects: Skin: May cause mild skin irritation, and sensitization. Eyes: Can cause eye irritation. Inhalation: Breathing in small amounts of this material during normal handling is not likely to cause harmful effects. However, breathing large amounts may be harmful and may affect the respiratory system and mucous membranes (irritation), behavior and brain (Central nervous system depression - headache, dizziness, drowsiness, stupor, incoordination, unconciousness, coma and possible death), peripheral nerve and senstation, blood, urinary system, and liver. Ingestion: Swallowing small amouts during normal handling is not likely to cause harmful effects. Swallowing large amounts may be harmful. Swallowing large amounts may cause gastrointestinal tract irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, abdominal pain. It also may affect the urinary system, cardiovascular system, sense organs, behavior or central nervous system (somnolence, generally depressed activity, irritability, headache, dizziness, drowsiness), liver, and respiratory system (breathing difficulty). Chronic Potential Health Effects: May cause defatting of the skin and dermatitis and allergic reaction. May cause adverse reproductive effects based on animal data (studies). Section 12: Ecological Information Ecotoxicity: Ecotoxicity in water (LC50): 100000 mg/l 96 hours [Fathead Minnow]. 64000 mg/l 96 hours [Fathead Minnow]. BOD5 and COD: Not available. Products of Biodegradation: Possibly hazardous shortterm degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products may arise. Toxicity of the Products of Biodegradation: The product itself and its products of degradation are not toxic. Special Remarks on the Products of Biodegradation: Not available. Section 13: Disposal Considerations Waste Disposal: Waste must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state and local environmental control regulations. Other Regulations: OSHA: Hazardous by definition of Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200). EINECS: This product is on the European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances. Other Classifications: WHMIS (Canada): CLASS B-2: Flammable liquid with a flash point lower than 37.8°C (100°F). CLASS D-2B: Material causing other toxic effects (TOXIC).



DSCL (EEC): R11- Highly flammable. R36- Irritating to eyes. S7- Keep container tightly closed. S16- Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. S24/25- Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S26- In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. HMIS (U.S.A.): Health Hazard: 2 Fire Hazard: 3 Reactivity: 0 Personal Protection: h National Fire Protection Association (U.S.A.): Health: 1 Flammability: 3 Reactivity: 0 Specific hazard: Protective Equipment: Gloves. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Wear appropriate respirator when ventilation is inadequate. Splash goggles.

1.2.7 Diethylene Glycol

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) - Di Ethylene Glycol Section 1 - Chemical Product and Company Identification Material Name: Diethylene Glycol Synonyms: 2,2'-Oxydiethanol; Diethylene glycol; Diglycol; Dihydroxydiethyl ether; 2,2'-Dihydroxyethyl ether; Ethylene diglycol; 3-Oxa-1,5-pentanediol; Bis(2- hydroxyethyl)ether; DEG. Section 2 - Composition, Information on Ingredients CAS# Chemical Name Percent EINECS/ELINCS 111-46-6 Diethylene glycol 100.0 203-872-2 Section 3 - Hazards Identification EMERGENCY OVERVIEW Appearance: colorless viscous liquid. Caution! May cause eye and skin irritation. May be harmful if swallowed. May cause central nervous system depression. May cause kidney damage. Hygroscopic (absorbs moisture from the air). Target Organs: Kidneys, central nervous system, liver. Potential Health Effects Eye: May cause mild eye irritation. Skin: May cause mild skin irritation. May be absorbed through the skin. Passage of diethylene glycol into the body through the skin is possible, but it is unlikely that this would result in harmful effects during safe handling and use. Ingestion: May cause liver and kidney damage. May cause central nervous system depression, characterized by excitement, followed by headache, dizziness, drowsiness, and nausea. Advanced stages may cause collapse, unconsciousness, coma and possible death due to respiratory failure. Human fatalities have been reported from acute poisoning. Inhalation: May cause respiratory tract irritation. May be harmful if inhaled. Inhalation of heated or misted form may cause pulmonary edema. Chronic: Adverse reproductive effects have been reported in animals. A long-term rat feeding study showed that 1% diethylene glycol in the diet over a 2-year period resulted in slight growth depression, a few calcium oxalate bladder stones, minimal kidney damage, and



occasional liver damage. At 4% dietary level, there was increased mortality, a marked depression of growth rate, bladder stones, severe kidney damage, and moderate liver damage. In addition, bladder tumors appeared rather frequently. Section 4 - First Aid Measures Eyes: Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid. Skin: Get medical aid. Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. Ingestion: If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid. Inhalation: Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid. Notes to Physician: Treatment options include ipecac/lavage, activated charcoal, cathartics--admisitered within two hours of ingestion. Hemodialysis should be considered in severe intoxication. Section 5 - Fire Fighting Measures General Information: As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Extinguishing Media: Water or foam may cause frothing. Alcohol foam, water fog, carbon dioxide, dry chemical. Flash Point : 124 deg C ( 255.20 deg F) Autoignition Temperature : 224 deg C ( 435.20 deg F) Explosion Limits, Lower : Not available. Upper : Not available. NFPA Rating : (estimated) Health: 1; Flammability: 1; Instability: 0 Page 3 of 7 MSDS – Di Ethylene Glycol Section 6 - Accidental Release Measures General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8. Spills/Leaks: Absorb spill with inert material (e.g. vermiculite, sand or earth), then place in suitable container. Clean up spills immediately, observing precautions in the Protective Equipment section. Provide ventilation. Section 7 - Handling and Storage Handling: Wash thoroughly after handling. Use with adequate ventilation. Avoid breathing vapors from heated material. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Keep container tightly closed. Wash clothing before reuse. Avoid breathing spray or mist. Storage: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Keep containers tightly closed. Store protected from moisture. Section 8 - Exposure Controls, Personal Protection Engineering Controls: Good general ventilation should be sufficient to control airborne levels. Exposure Limits Chemical Name ACGIH NIOSH OSHA - Final PELs Diethylene glycol none listed none listed none listed OSHA Vacated PELs: Diethylene glycol: No OSHA Vacated PELs are listed for this chemical. Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166.



Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to minimize contact with skin. Respirators: A respiratory protection program that meets OSHA's 29 CFR 1910.134 and ANSI Z88.2 requirements or European Standard EN 149 must be followed whenever workplace conditions warrant respirator use. Section 9 - Physical and Chemical Properties Physical State : Viscous liquid Appearance : colorless Odor : practically odorless pH : Not available. Vapor Pressure : 0.01 mm Hg @ 30 deg C Vapor Density : 3.66 (Air=1) Page 4 of 7 MSDS – Di Ethylene Glycol Evaporation Rate : < 0.001 Viscosity : 0.30 cP @ 25 deg C Boiling Point : 245 deg C Freezing/Melting Point: -10 deg C Decomposition Temperature: Not available. Solubility : Soluble. Specific Gravity/Density: 1.11 Molecular Formula : C4H10O3 Molecular Weight : 106.12 Section 10 - Stability and Reactivity Chemical Stability : Stable under normal temperatures and pressures. Conditions to Avoid: Excess heat, exposure to moist air or water. Incompatibilities with Other Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases. Hazardous Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide. Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur. Section 11 - Toxicological Information CAS# 111-46-6: ID5950000 LD50/LC50: CAS# 111-46-6: Draize test, rabbit, eye : 50 mg Mild; Draize test, rabbit, skin : 500 mg Mild; Oral, mouse : LD50 = 23700 mg/kg; Oral, mouse : LD50 = 2300 mg/kg; Oral, rabbit : LD50 = 4400 mg/kg; Oral, rat : LD50 = 12565 mg/kg; Oral, rat : LD50 = 12000 mg/kg; Skin, rabbit : LD50 = 11890 mg/kg; Oral, human : LDLo = 1000 mg/kg. Carcinogenicity: CAS# 111-46-6: Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, NTP, or CA Prop 65. Epidemiology: The major hazard from diethylene glycol occurs following the ingestion of relatively large single doses...105 fatalities among 353 people who ingested a solution of sulfanilamide in an aqueous mixture containing 72% diethylene glycol. The symptomsincluded nausea, dizziness, and pain in the kidney region. In a few days, oliguria (reduced urination) and anuria (complete suppression of urination), with death resulting from uremic poisoning (kidney



failure) followed.Diethylene glycol-contaminated acetaminophen elixirs were the cause of at least 30 deaths from renal failure in Haitian children in June 1996. Delayed neurological effects including lethargy, 6th nerve palsy, dilated pupils, optic neuritis & cerebralatrophy occurred in a 71/2-year-old girl poisoned in this epidemic. Teratogenicity: Oral, rat: TDLo = 50 gm/kg (Female 1-20 days after conception- Developmental abnormalities). Reproductive Effects: Oral, rat: TDLo = 76420 mg/kg (Female 6-15 days after conception--Effects on embryo and fetus).; Oral, mouse: TDLo = 334 gm/kg (Multigeneration--Materal and embryonic effects). Mutagenicity: No information found Neurotoxicity: Rats and mice exposed to diethylene glycol at 5 mg/m3 for 3-7 months showed structural changes in CNS and endocrine and internal organs along with other pathological effects. Other Studies: Section 12 - Ecological Information Ecotoxicity: Fish: Fathead Minnow: LC50 = >100.0 mg/L; 96 Hr.; Static Condition Water flea Daphnia: LC50 = 0.3-1.0 mg/L; 96 Hr.; Static ConditionBacteria: Phytobacterium phosphoreum: EC50 = 228 mg/L; 15 minutes; Microtox test No data available. Environmental: Estimated Koc value = 1. This value suggests that 2-Hydroxyethyl ether will have high mobility and be expected to biodegrade quickly in soil. It will not be expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sedimentsin water. Physical: No information found. Other: Estimated BCF value = 0.05. This value indicates that this product will exhibit low bio-concentration in aquatic organisms. Biodegradation is expected to be an important fate process in water. 2-Hydroxyethyl ether will exits primarily as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Section 13 - Disposal Considerations Chemical waste generators must determine whether a discarded chemical is classified as a hazardous waste. US EPA guidelines for the classification determination are listed in 40 CFR Parts 261.3. Additionally, waste generators must consult state and local hazardous waste regulations to ensure complete and accurate classification.

1.2.8 Chloroform

SECTION 1: Identification of the substance/mixture and of the company/undertaking 1.1 Product identifiers Product name : Chloroform CAS-No. : 67-66-3 1.2 Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against Identified uses : Laboratory chemicals, Industrial & for professional use only. 1.3 Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet Company : Central Drug House (P) Ltd 7/28 Vardaan House New Delhi-10002 INDIA Telephone : +91 11 49404040 Email : [email protected] 1.4 Emergency telephone number Emergency Phone # : +91 11 49404040 (9:00am - 6:00 pm) [Office hours] SECTION 2: Hazards identification 2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture Classification according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 Acute toxicity, Oral (Category 4), H302



Acute toxicity, Inhalation (Category 3), H331 Skin irritation (Category 2), H315 Eye irritation (Category 2), H319 Carcinogenicity (Category 2), H351 Reproductive toxicity (Category 2), H361d Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure (Category 3), Central nervous system, H336 Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure (Category 1), H372 For the full text of the H-Statements mentioned in this Section, see Section 16. Classification according to EU Directives 67/548/EEC or 1999/45/EC Xn, Xi Harmful, Irritant R20, R22, R48/20/22, R36/38, R40, R63, R67 For the full text of the R-phrases mentioned in this Section, see Section 16. 2.2 Label elements Labelling according Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 Pictogram Chloroform CAS No 67-66-3 Signal word Danger Hazard statement(s) H302 Harmful if swallowed. H315 Causes skin irritation. H319 Causes serious eye irritation. H331 Toxic if inhaled. H336 May cause drowsiness or dizziness. H351 Suspected of causing cancer. H361d Suspected of damaging the unborn child. H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure. Precautionary statement(s) P261 Avoid breathing vapours. P281 Use personal protective equipment as required. P305 + P351 + P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P311 Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/ physician. Supplemental Hazard none Statements 2.3 Other hazards This substance/mixture contains no components considered to be either persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT), or very persistent and very bioaccumulative (vPvB) at levels of 0.1% or higher. SECTION 3: Composition/information on ingredients 3.1 Substances Molecular weight : 119,38 g/mol CAS-No. : 67-66-3 EC-No. : 200-663-8 Index-No. : 602-006-00-4 Hazardous ingredients according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 Component Classification Concentration Chloroform CAS-No. 67-66-3 Acute Tox. 4; Acute Tox. 3; <= 100 % EC-No. 200-663-8 Skin Irrit. 2; Eye Irrit. 2; Carc. Index-No. 602-006-00-4 2; Repr. 2; STOT SE 3; STOT RE 1; H302, H315, H319, H331, H336, H351, H361d,



H372 Hazardous ingredients according to Directive 1999/45/EC Component Classification Concentration Chloroform CAS-No. 67-66-3 Xn, R20 - R22 - R48/20/22 - <= 100 % EC-No. 200-663-8 R36/38 - R40 - R63 - R67 Index-No. 602-006-00-4 For the full text of the H-Statements and R-Phrases mentioned in this Section, see Section 16 SECTION 4: First aid measures 4.1 Description of first aid measures General advice Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance. If inhaled If breathed in, move person into fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. Consult a physician. In case of skin contact Wash off with soap and plenty of water. Take victim immediately to hospital. Consult a physician. In case of eye contact Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician. If swallowed Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water. Consult a physician. 4.2 Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed The most important known symptoms and effects are described in the labelling (see section 2 .2) and/or in section 11 4.3 Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed No data available SECTION 5: Firefighting measures 5.1 Extinguishing media Suitable extinguishing media Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. 5.2 Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture Carbon oxides, Hydrogen chloride gas 5.3 Advice for firefighters Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary. 5.4 Further information No data available SECTION 6: Accidental release measures 6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures Wear respiratory protection. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. For personal protection see section 8. 6.2 Environmental precautions Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. 6.3 Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal. 6.4 Reference to other sections For disposal see section 13.



SECTION 7: Handling and storage 7.1 Precautions for safe handling Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist. For precautions see section 2.2. 7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities Store in cool place. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. Storage class (TRGS 510): Non-combustible, acute toxic Cat.3 / toxic hazardous materials or hazardous materials causing chronic effects 7.3 Specific end use(s) Apart from the uses mentioned in section 1.2 no other specific uses are stipulated SECTION 8: Exposure controls/personal protection 8.1 Control parameters Components with workplace control parameters 8.2 Exposure controls Appropriate engineering controls Avoid contact with skin, eyes and clothing. Wash hands before breaks and immediately after handling the product. Personal protective equipment Eye/face protection Face shield and safety glasses Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU). Skin protection Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. Body Protection Complete suit protecting against chemicals,The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace. Respiratory protection Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type AXBEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU). Control of environmental exposure Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. SECTION 9: Physical and chemical properties 9.1 Information on basic physical and chemical properties a) Appearance Form: liquid, clear Colour: colourless b) Odour No data available c) Odour Threshold No data available d) pH No data available e) Melting point/freezing -62,99 °C point f) Initial boiling point and 61,0 °C boiling range g) Flash point No data available h) Evaporation rate No data available i) Flammability (solid, gas) No data available



j) Upper/lower No data available flammability or explosive limits k) Vapour pressure 213,3 hPa at 20,0 °C l) Vapour density No data available m) Relative density 1,48 g/cm3 n) Water solubility No data available o) Partition coefficient: n- log Pow: 1,97 octanol/water p) Auto-ignition No data available temperature q) Decomposition No data available temperature r) Viscosity No data available s) Explosive properties No data available t) Oxidizing properties No data available 9.2 Other safety information Surface tension 27,1 mN/m at 20,0 °C SECTION 10: Stability and reactivity 10.1 Reactivity No data available 10.2 Chemical stability Stable under recommended storage conditions. 10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions No data available 10.4 Conditions to avoid No data available 10.5 Incompatible materials Strong oxidizing agents, Strong bases, Magnesium, Sodium/sodium oxides, Lithium 10.6 Hazardous decomposition products Other decomposition products - No data available In the event of fire: see section 5 SECTION 11: Toxicological information 11.1 Information on toxicological effects Acute toxicity LD50 Oral - Rat - 908 mg/kg Remarks: Behavioral:Change in motor activity (specific assay). Behavioral:Ataxia. Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration:Respiratory stimulation. LOEC Inhalation - Rat - male - 6 h - 500 ppm LD50 Dermal - Rabbit - > 20.000 mg/kg Skin corrosion/irritation Skin - Rabbit Result: Irritating to skin. - 24 h Serious eye damage/eye irritation Eyes - Rabbit Result: Irritating to eyes. - 24 h Respiratory or skin sensitisation Did not cause sensitisation on laboratory animals. Germ cell mutagenicity Laboratory experiments have shown mutagenic effects. Carcinogenicity Carcinogenicity - Rat - Oral Tumorigenic:Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria. Leukaemia The National Cancer Institute (NCI) has found clear evidence for carcinogenicity. Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect. IARC: 2B - Group 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans (Chloroform)



Reproductive toxicity Suspected of damaging the unborn child. Suspected human reproductive toxicant Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure May cause drowsiness or dizziness. Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure The substance or mixture is classified as specific target organ toxicant, repeated exposure, category 1. - Liver, Kidney Aspiration hazard No data available Additional Information RTECS: Not available Vomiting, Gastrointestinal disturbance, Exposure to and/or consumption of alcohol may increase toxic effects., To the best of our knowledge, the chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been thoroughly investigated. SECTION 12: Ecological information 12.1 Toxicity Toxicity to fish Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates Toxicity to algae LC50 - Leuciscus idus (Golden orfe) - 162 mg/l - 48 h LC100 - Leuciscus idus (Golden orfe) - 220 mg/l - 48 h LC50 - other fish - 97 mg/l - 96 h LC50 - Danio rerio (zebra fish) - 121 mg/l - 96 h NOEC - Oryzias latipes - 122 mg/l - 10 d NOEC - Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout) - 24 mg/l - 96 h EC50 - Daphnia magna (Water flea) - 79,00 mg/l - 24 h Immobilization EC50 - Daphnia magna (Water flea) - 51,6 mg/l - 48 h NOEC - Daphnia magna (Water flea) - 120 mg/l - 11 d EC50 - No information available. - 500,00 mg/l - 24 h 12.2 Persistence and degradability No data available 12.3 Bioaccumulative potential Bioaccumulation Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill) - 14 d - 0,11 mg/l Bioconcentration factor (BCF): 6 12.4 Mobility in soil No data available 12.5 Results of PBT and vPvB assessment This substance/mixture contains no components considered to be either persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT), or very persistent and very bioaccumulative (vPvB) at levels of 0.1% or higher. 12.6 Other adverse effects Harmful to aquatic life. Page 6 of 8 SECTION 13: Disposal considerations 13.1 Waste treatment methods Product Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contaminated packaging Dispose of as unused product.

1.2.9 Di iso propyl ether (DIPE)

SAFETY DATA SHEET



1. Identification Product Name Isopropyl ether CAS-No 108-20-3 Synonyms 2-Isopropoxypropane; DIPE; Diisopropyl ether Recommended Use Laboratory chemicals. Uses advised against Not for food, drug, pesticide or biocidal product use 2. Hazard(s) identification Classification This chemical is considered hazardous by the 2012 OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200) Label Elements Signal Word Danger Hazard Statements Highly flammable liquid and vapor May cause drowsiness or dizziness Prevention Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapors/spray Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. - No smoking Keep container tightly closed Ground/bond container and receiving equipment Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/equipment Use only non-sparking tools Take precautionary measures against static discharge Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection Keep cool Inhalation IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell Skin IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower Fire In case of fire: Use CO2, dry chemical, or foam for extinction Storage Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed Store locked up Disposal Dispose of contents/container to an approved waste disposal plant Hazards not otherwise classified (HNOC) May form explosive peroxides Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking 3. Composition/Information on Ingredients Component CAS-No Weight % Isopropyl ether 108-20-3 > 99 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-p-cresol 128-37-0 < 0.01 4. First-aid measures Eye Contact Rinse immediately with plenty of water, also under the eyelids, for at least 15 minutes. Get medical attention if symptoms occur. Skin Contact Wash off immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Get medical attention if symptoms occur.



Inhalation Move to fresh air. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention if symptoms occur. Ingestion Do not induce vomiting. Obtain medical attention. Most important symptoms and effects Breathing difficulties. Symptoms of overexposure may be headache, dizziness, tiredness, nausea and vomiting Notes to Physician Treat symptomatically 5. Fire-fighting measures Suitable Extinguishing Media CO 2, dry chemical, dry sand, alcohol-resistant foam. Cool closed containers exposed to fire with water spray. Unsuitable Extinguishing Media Water may be ineffective Flash Point -29 °C / -20.2 °F Method - No information available Autoignition Temperature 405 °C / 761 °F Explosion Limits Upper 21 vol % Lower 1.1 vol % Sensitivity to Mechanical Impact No information available Sensitivity to Static Discharge No information available Specific Hazards Arising from the Chemical Flammable. Risk of ignition. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Containers may explode when heated. May form explosive peroxides. Thermal decomposition can lead to release of irritating gases and vapors. Keep product and empty container away from heat and sources of ignition. Hazardous Combustion Products Carbon monoxide (CO) Carbon dioxide (CO2) peroxides Protective Equipment and Precautions for Firefighters As in any fire, wear self-contained breathing apparatus pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent) and full protective gear. NFPA 6. Accidental release measures Personal Precautions Use personal protective equipment. Remove all sources of ignition. Take precautionary measures against static discharges. Avoid contact with skin, eyes and clothing. Environmental Precautions Avoid release to the environment. See Section 12 for additional ecological information. Methods for Containment and Clean Up Remove all sources of ignition. Soak up with inert absorbent material. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal. Take precautionary measures against static discharges. 7. Handling and storage Handling Wear personal protective equipment. Ensure adequate ventilation. Use spark-proof tools and explosion-proof equipment. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Do not breathe vapors or spray mist. Do not ingest. Keep away from open flames, hot surfaces and sources of ignition. Take precautionary measures against static discharges. If peroxide formation is suspected, do not open or move container.



Storage Keep containers tightly closed in a dry, cool and well-ventilated place. Keep away from direct sunlight. Keep away from heat and sources of ignition. Keep under nitrogen. Flammables area. May form explosive peroxides. Should crystals form in a peroxidizable liquid, peroxidation may have occurred and the product should be considered extremely dangerous. In this instance, the container should only be opened remotely by professionals. 8. Exposure controls / personal protection Exposure Guidelines Health 2 Flammability 3 Instability 1 Physical hazards N/A 9. Physical and chemical properties Physical State Liquid Appearance Colorless Odor Strong Ether Odor Threshold No information available pH No information available Melting Point/Range -85.5 °C / -121.9 °F Boiling Point/Range 68 °C / 154.4 °F @ 760 mmHg Flash Point -29 °C / -20.2 °F Evaporation Rate No information available Flammability (solid,gas) Not applicable Flammability or explosive limits Upper 21 vol % Lower 1.1 vol % Vapor Pressure 180 mbar @ 20 °C Vapor Density 1.42 Specific Gravity 0.720 Solubility No information available Partition coefficient; n-octanol/water No data available Autoignition Temperature 405 °C / 761 °F Decomposition Temperature No information available Viscosity 0.38 mPa s at 25 °C Molecular Formula C6 H14 O Molecular Weight 102.18 Refractive index 1.367 - 1.369 @ 20 °C Component ACGIH TLV OSHA PEL NIOSH IDLH Mexico OEL (TWA) Isopropyl ether TWA: 250 ppm STEL: 310 ppm (Vacated) TWA: 500 ppm (Vacated) TWA: 2100 mg/m3 TWA: 500 ppm TWA: 2100 mg/m3 IDLH: 1400 ppm TWA: 500 ppm TWA: 2100 mg/m3 TWA: 250 ppm



TWA: 1050 mg/m3 STEL: 310 ppm STEL: 1320 mg/m3 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-p-cresol TWA: 2 mg/m3 (Vacated) TWA: 10 mg/m3 TWA: 10 mg/m3 TWA: 10 mg/m3 STEL: 20 mg/m3 Legend ACGIH - American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists OSHA - Occupational Safety and Health Administration NIOSH IDLH: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Engineering Measures Ensure adequate ventilation, especially in confined areas. Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/equipment. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are close to the workstation location. Personal Protective Equipment Eye/face Protection Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin and body protection Wear appropriate protective gloves and clothing to prevent skin exposure. Respiratory Protection Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29 CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Use a NIOSH/MSHA or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator if exposure limits are exceeded or if irritation or other symptoms are experienced. Hygiene Measures 10. Stability and reactivity Reactive Hazard Yes Stability May form explosive peroxides. Air sensitive. Light sensitive. heat sensitive. Conditions to Avoid Incompatible products. Keep away from open flames, hot surfaces and sources of ignition. Excess heat. Exposure to air. Exposure to light. Incompatible Materials Acids, Strong oxidizing agents, Amines, Aldehydes Hazardous Decomposition ProductsCarbon monoxide (CO), Carbon dioxide (CO2), peroxides Hazardous Polymerization Hazardous polymerization does not occur. Hazardous Reactions May form explosive peroxides. 11. Toxicological information Acute Toxicity Product Information Component Information Component LD50 Oral LD50 Dermal LC50 Inhalation Isopropyl ether LD50 = 4700 mg/kg ( Rat ) LD50 > 2000 mg/kg ( Rabbit ) Not listed 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-p-cresol >2000 mg/kg ( Rat ) >2000 mg/kg ( Rat ) Not listed Toxicologically Synergistic Products No information available Delayed and immediate effects as well as chronic effects from short and long-term exposure Irritation No information available Sensitization No information available Carcinogenicity The table below indicates whether each agency has listed any ingredient as a carcinogen. Component CAS-No IARC NTP ACGIH OSHA Mexico Isopropyl ether 108-20-3 Not listed Not listed Not listed Not listed Not listed



2,6-Di-tert-butyl-p-cres ol 128-37-0 Not listed Not listed Not listed Not listed Not listed Mutagenic Effects No information available Reproductive Effects No information available. Developmental Effects No information available. Teratogenicity No information available. STOT - single exposure Central nervous system (CNS) STOT - repeated exposure None known Aspiration hazard No information available Symptoms / effects,both acute and delayed Symptoms of overexposure may be headache, dizziness, tiredness, nausea and vomiting Endocrine Disruptor Information No information available Other Adverse Effects The toxicological properties have not been fully investigated. 12. Ecological information Ecotoxicity .Component Freshwater Algae Freshwater Fish Microtox Water Flea Isopropyl ether Not listed LC50: = 91.7 mg/L, 96h flow-through (Pimephales promelas) LC50: = 7000 mg/L, 96h static (Lepomis macrochirus) EC50 = 500 mg/L 5 min EC50: = 190 mg/L, 48h (Daphnia magna) 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-p-cresol EC50 = 0.758 mg/L 96h EC50 = 6 mg/L 72 h LC50 = 0.199 mg/L 96h EC50 = 7.82 mg/L 5 min EC50 = 8.57 mg/L 15 min EC50 = 8.98 mg/L 30 min EC50 >0.31 mg/L 48h Persistence and Degradability Persistence is unlikely based on information available. Bioaccumulation/ Accumulation No information available. Mobility Will likely be mobile in the environment due to its volatility. Component log Pow Isopropyl ether 1.52 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-p-cresol 4.17 13. Disposal considerations Waste Disposal Methods Chemical waste generators must determine whether a discarded chemical is classified as a hazardous waste. Chemical waste generators must also consult local, regional, and national hazardous waste regulations to ensure complete and accurate classification.

1.2.10 MDC (Methylene di chloride)

Methylene chloride MSDS Section 1: Chemical Product and Company Identification Product Name: Methylene chloride CAS#: 75-09-2 Synonym: Dichloromethane



Chemical Name: Methylene Chloride Chemical Formula: C-H2-Cl2 Section 2: Composition and Information on Ingredients Composition: Name CAS # % by Weight Methylene chloride 75-09-2 100 Toxicological Data on Ingredients: Methylene chloride: ORAL (LD50): Acute: 1600 mg/kg [Rat]. Section 3: Hazards Identification Potential Acute Health Effects: Very hazardous in case of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation. Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant, permeator). Inflammation of the eye is characterized by redness, watering, and itching. Potential Chronic Health Effects: CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Classified + (Proven.) by OSHA. Classified 2B (Possible for human.) by IARC. MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available. The substance is toxic to lungs, the nervous system, liver, mucous membranes, central nervous system (CNS). Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage. Section 4: First Aid Measures Eye Contact: Check for and remove any contact lenses. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Cold water may be used. Get medical attention immediately. Skin Contact: In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Cold water may be used. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Get medical attention. Serious Skin Contact: Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an anti-bacterial cream. Seek immediate medical attention. Inhalation: If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention if symptoms appear. Serious Inhalation: Evacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as possible. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Seek medical attention. Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. If large quantities of this material are swallowed, call a physician immediately. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. Serious Ingestion: Not available. Section 5: Fire and Explosion Data Flammability of the Product: May be combustible at high temperature. Auto-Ignition Temperature: 556°C (1032.8°F) Flash Points: Not available. Flammable Limits: LOWER: 12% UPPER: 19% Products of Combustion: These products are carbon oxides (CO, CO2), halogenated compounds. Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Not available. Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not available. Risks of explosion of the product in presence of static discharge: Not available. Fire Fighting Media and Instructions: SMALL FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder. LARGE FIRE: Use water spray, fog or foam. Do not use water jet.



Special Remarks on Fire Hazards: Not available. Special Remarks on Explosion Hazards: Not available. Section 6: Accidental Release Measures Small Spill: Dilute with water and mop up, or absorb with an inert dry material and place in an appropriate waste disposal container. Large Spill: Absorb with an inert material and put the spilled material in an appropriate waste disposal. Be careful that the product is not present at a concentration level above TLV. Check TLV on the MSDS and with local authorities. Section 7: Handling and Storage Precautions: Keep locked up. Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Empty containers pose a fire risk, evaporate the residue under a fume hood. Ground all equipment containing material. Do not ingest. Do not breathe gas/ fumes/ vapor/spray. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Storage: Keep container tightly closed. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area. Section 8: Exposure Controls/Personal Protection Engineering Controls: Provide exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to keep the airborne concentrations of vapors below their respective threshold limit value. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are proximal to the workstation location. Personal Protection: Splash goggles. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves. Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill: Splash goggles. Full suit. Vapor respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be used to avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handling this product. Exposure Limits: TWA: 50 from ACGIH (TLV) [United States] TWA: 174 from ACGIH (TLV) [United States] Consult local authorities for acceptable exposure limits. Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties Physical state and appearance: Liquid. Odor: Not available. Taste: Not available. Molecular Weight: 84.93g/mole Color: Not available. pH (1% soln/water): Not available. Boiling Point: 39.75°C (103.5°F) Melting Point: -96.7°C (-142.1°F) Critical Temperature: Not available. Specific Gravity: 1.3266 (Water = 1) Vapor Pressure: 46.5 kPa (@ 20°C) Vapor Density: 2.93 (Air = 1) Volatility: Not available. Odor Threshold: 214 ppm Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.: The product is equally soluble in oil and water; log(oil/water) = 0.1 Ionicity (in Water): Not available. Dispersion Properties: See solubility in water, methanol, diethyl ether, n-octanol, acetone. Solubility: Easily soluble in methanol, diethyl ether, n-octanol, acetone. Partially soluble in cold water. Section 10: Stability and Reactivity Data Stability: The product is stable.



Instability Temperature: Not available. Conditions of Instability: Not available. Incompatibility with various substances: Not available. Corrosivity: Non-corrosive in presence of glass. Special Remarks on Reactivity: Not available. Special Remarks on Corrosivity: Not available. Polymerization: Will not occur. Section 11: Toxicological Information Routes of Entry: Absorbed through skin. Dermal contact. Eye contact. Inhalation. Ingestion. Toxicity to Animals: WARNING: THE LC50 VALUES HEREUNDER ARE ESTIMATED ON THE BASIS OF A 4-HOUR EXPOSURE. Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 1600 mg/kg [Rat]. Acute toxicity of the vapor (LC50): 52000 1 hours [Rat]. Chronic Effects on Humans: CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Classified + (Proven.) by OSHA. Classified 2B (Possible for human.) by IARC. Causes damage to the following organs: lungs, the nervous system, liver, mucous membranes, central nervous system (CNS). Other Toxic Effects on Humans: Very hazardous in case of ingestion, of inhalation. Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant, permeator). Special Remarks on Toxicity to Animals: Not available. Special Remarks on Chronic Effects on Humans: Human: passes through the placenta, excreted in maternal milk. Special Remarks on other Toxic Effects on Humans: Not available. Section 12: Ecological Information Ecotoxicity: Not available. BOD5 and COD: Not available. Products of Biodegradation: Possibly hazardous short term degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products may arise. Toxicity of the Products of Biodegradation: The products of degradation are more toxic. Special Remarks on the Products of Biodegradation: Not available. Other Regulations: OSHA: Hazardous by definition of Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200). Other Classifications: WHMIS (Canada): CLASS D-1B: Material causing immediate and serious toxic effects (TOXIC). CLASS D-2A: Material causing other toxic effects (VERY TOXIC). DSCL (EEC): R22- Harmful if swallowed. R38- Irritating to skin. R41- Risk of serious damage to eyes. R45- May cause cancer. HMIS (U.S.A.): Health Hazard: 2 Fire Hazard: 1 Reactivity: 0 Personal Protection: h National Fire Protection Association (U.S.A.): Health: 2 Flammability: 1 Reactivity: 0 Specific hazard: Protective Equipment: Gloves. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Wear appropriate respirator when ventilation is inadequate. Splash goggles.



1.2.11 Thionyl Chloride

SECTION 1: Identification of the substance/mixture and of the company/undertaking 1.1 Product identifiers Product name : Thionyl Chloride CAS-No. : 7719-09-7 1.2 Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against Identified uses : Laboratory chemicals, Industrial & for professional use only. SECTION 2: Hazards identification 2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture Classification according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 Acute toxicity, Oral (Category 4), H302 Acute toxicity, Inhalation (Category 3), H331 Skin corrosion (Category 1A), H314 For the full text of the H-Statements mentioned in this Section, see Section 16. Classification according to EU Directives 67/548/EEC or 1999/45/EC R14 C Corrosive R35 Xn Harmful R20/22 R29 For the full text of the R-phrases mentioned in this Section, see Section 16. 2.2 Label elements Labelling according Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 Pictogram Signal word Danger Page 1 of 7 Thionyl Chloride CAS No 7719-09-7 Hazard statement(s) H302 Harmful if swallowed. H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. H331 Toxic if inhaled. Precautionary statement(s) P261 Avoid breathing vapours. P280 Wear protective gloves/ protective clothing/ eye protection/ face protection. P305 + P351 + P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/ physician. Supplemental Hazard information (EU) EUH014 Reacts violently with water. EUH029 Contact with water liberates toxic gas. 2.3 Other hazards - none SECTION 3: Composition/information on ingredients 3.1 Substances Formula : Cl2OS Molecular Weight : 118,97 g/mol CAS-No. : 7719-09-7 EC-No. : 231-748-8 Index-No. : 016-015-00-0



Hazardous ingredients according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 Component Classification Concentration Thionyl chloride CAS-No. 7719-09-7 Acute Tox. 4; Acute Tox. 3; <= 100 % EC-No. 231-748-8 Skin Corr. 1A; H302, H314, Index-No. 016-015-00-0 H331, EUH014, EUH029 Hazardous ingredients according to Directive 1999/45/EC Component Classification Concentration Thionyl chloride CAS-No. 7719-09-7 C, R14 - R20/22 - R29 - R35 <= 100 % EC-No. 231-748-8 Index-No. 016-015-00-0 For the full text of the H-Statements and R-Phrases mentioned in this Section, see Section 16 SECTION 4: First aid measures 4.1 Description of first aid measures General advice Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance. If inhaled If breathed in, move person into fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. Consult a physician. In case of skin contact Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately. Wash off with soap and plenty of water. Take victim immediately to hospital. Consult a physician. In case of eye contact Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician. If swallowed Do NOT induce vomiting. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water. Consult a physician. 4.2 Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed The most important known symptoms and effects are described in the labelling (see section 2.2) and/or in section 11 4.3 Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed no data available SECTION 5: Firefighting measures 5.1 Extinguishing media Suitable extinguishing media Dry powder 5.2 Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture Sulphur oxides, Hydrogen chloride gas Container explosion may occur under fire conditions. 5.3 Advice for firefighters Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary. 5.4 Further information Water hydrolyzes material liberating acidic gas which in contact with metal surfaces can generate flammable and/or explosive hydrogen gas. SECTION 6: Accidental release measures 6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures Wear respiratory protection. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. For personal protection see section 8. 6.2 Environmental precautions Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. 6.3 Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up



Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste. Do not flush with water. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal. 6.4 Reference to other sections For disposal see section 13. SECTION 7: Handling and storage 7.1 Precautions for safe handling Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist. For precautions see section 2.2. 7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities Store in cool place. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. Keep away from water.Never allow product to get in contact with water during storage. Handle and store under inert gas. 7.3 Specific end use(s) Apart from the uses mentioned in section 1.2 no other specific uses are stipulated SECTION 8: Exposure controls/personal protection 8.1 Control parameters Components with workplace control parameters 8.2 Exposure controls Appropriate engineering controls Avoid contact with skin, eyes and clothing. Wash hands before breaks and immediately after handling the product. Personal protective equipment Eye/face protection Tightly fitting safety goggles. Faceshield (8-inch minimum). Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166 (EU). Skin protection Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. Body Protection Complete suit protecting against chemicals, Flame retardant protective clothing, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace. Respiratory protection Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU). Control of environmental exposure Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. SECTION 9: Physical and chemical properties 9.1 Information on basic physical and chemical properties a) Appearance Form: liquid, clear b) Odour no data available



c) Odour Threshold no data available d) pH no data available e) Melting point/freezing Melting point/range: -105 °C - lit. point f) Initial boiling point and 79 °C - lit. boiling range g) Flash point not applicable h) Evapouration rate no data available i) Flammability (solid, gas) no data available j) Upper/lower no data available flammability or explosive limits k) Vapour pressure 129 hPa at 20 °C l) Vapour density no data available m) Relative density 1,631 g/cm3 at 25 °C n) Water solubility no data available o) Partition coefficient: n- no data available octanol/water p) Auto-ignition no data available temperature q) Decomposition no data available temperature r) Viscosity no data available s) Explosive properties no data available t) Oxidizing properties no data available 9.2 Other safety information no data available SECTION 10: Stability and reactivity 10.1 Reactivity no data available 10.2 Chemical stability Stable under recommended storage conditions. 10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions Reacts violently with water. 10.4 Conditions to avoid Do not allow water to enter container because of violent reaction. Exposure to moisture. 10.5 Incompatible materials Alcohols, Amines, Metals, Reacts violently with water. 10.6 Hazardous decomposition products Other decomposition products - no data available In the event of fire: see section 5 SECTION 11: Toxicological information 11.1 Information on toxicological effects Acute toxicity LD50 Oral - rat - 324 mg/kg (Directive 67/548/EEC, Annex V, B.1.) LC50 Inhalation - rat - 4 h - 2,72 mg/l (OECD Test Guideline 403) Skin corrosion/irritation no data available Serious eye damage/eye irritation no data available Respiratory or skin sensitisation no data available Germ cell mutagenicity



no data available Carcinogenicity IARC: No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is identified as probable, possible or confirmed human carcinogen by IARC. Reproductive toxicity no data available Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure no data available Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure no data available Aspiration hazard no data available Additional Information RTECS: XM5150000 Material is extremely destructive to tissue of the mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract, eyes, and skin. SECTION 12: Ecological information 12.1 Toxicity no data available 12.2 Persistence and degradability no data available 12.3 Bioaccumulative potential no data available 12.4 Mobility in soil no data available 12.5 Results of PBT and vPvB assessment PBT/vPvB assessment not available as chemical safety assessment not required/not conducted 12.6 Other adverse effects no data available SECTION 13: Disposal considerations 13.1 Waste treatment methods Product Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contaminated packaging Dispose of as unused product. SECTION 14: Transport information 14.1 UN number ADR/RID: 1836 IMDG: 1836 IATA: 1836 14.2 UN proper shipping name ADR/RID: THIONYL CHLORIDE IMDG: THIONYL CHLORIDE IATA: Thionyl chloride Passenger Aircraft: Not permitted for transport Cargo Aircraft: Not permitted for transport 14.3 Transport hazard class(es) ADR/RID: 8 IMDG: 8 IATA: 8 14.4 Packaging group ADR/RID: I IMDG: I IATA: - 14.5 Environmental hazards ADR/RID: no IMDG Marine pollutant: no IATA: no 14.6 Special precautions for user no data available

1.2.12 Liquor Ammonia

Ammonium hydroxide MSDS



Section 1: Chemical Product and Company Identification Product Name: Ammonium hydroxide CAS#: 1336-21-6 Synonym: Aqueous Ammonia; Strong Ammonia Solution; Stronger Ammonia Water Section 2: Composition and Information on Ingredients Composition: Name CAS # % by Weight Ammonia, anhydrous 7664-41-7 27-31 Water 7732-18-5 69-73 Toxicological Data on Ingredients: Ammonia, anhydrous: GAS (LC50): Acute: 2000 ppm 4 hours [Rat]. 4230 ppm 1 hours [Mouse]. Section 3: Hazards Identification Potential Acute Health Effects: Very hazardous in case of skin contact (corrosive, irritant, permeator), of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion, . Non-corrosive to the eyes. Non-corrosive for lungs. Liquid or spray mist may produce tissue damage particularly on mucous membranes of eyes, mouth and respiratory tract. Skin contact may produce burns. Inhalation of the spray mist may produce severe irritation of respiratory tract, characterized by coughing, choking, or shortness of breath. Severe over-exposure can result in death. Inflammation of the eye is characterized by redness, watering, and itching. Skin inflammation is characterized by itching, scaling, reddening, or, occasionally, blistering. Potential Chronic Health Effects: CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Mutagenic for bacteria and/or yeast. [Ammonia, anhydrous]. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available. The substance is toxic to upper respiratory tract, skin, eyes. Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage. Repeated or prolonged contact with spray mist may produce chronic eye irritation and severe skin irritation. Repeated or prolonged exposure to spray mist may produce respiratory tract irritation leading to frequent attacks of bronchial infection.Repeated exposure to a highly toxic material may produce general deterioration of health by an accumulation in one or many human organs. Section 4: First Aid Measures Eye Contact: Check for and remove any contact lenses. Immediately flush eyes with running water for at least 15 minutes, keeping eyelids open. Cold water may be used. Get medical attention immediately. Finish by rinsing thoroughly with running water to avoid a possible infection. Skin Contact: In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Cold water may be used. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Get medical attention immediately. Serious Skin Contact: Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an anti-bacterial cream. Seek immediate medical attention. Inhalation: If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention immediately. Serious Inhalation: Evacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as possible. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. WARNING: It may be hazardous to the person providing aid to give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation when the inhaled material is toxic, infectious or corrosive. Seek medical attention.



Ingestion: If swallowed, do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. Get medical attention immediately. Serious Ingestion: Not available. Section 5: Fire and Explosion Data Flammability of the Product: Non-flammable. Auto-Ignition Temperature: Not applicable. Flash Points: Not applicable. Flammable Limits: Not applicable. Products of Combustion: Hazardous decomposition include Nitric oxide, and ammonia fumes Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Not applicable. Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Non-explosive in presence of open flames and sparks, of shocks. Fire Fighting Media and Instructions: Not applicable. Special Remarks on Fire Hazards: Not available. Special Remarks on Explosion Hazards: Forms explosive compounds with many heavy metals such as silver, lead, zinc and their halide salts. It can form shock sensitive compounds with halogens, mercury oxide, and siliver oxide. Section 6: Accidental Release Measures Small Spill: Dilute with water and mop up, or absorb with an inert dry material and place in an appropriate waste disposal container. If necessary: Neutralize the residue with a dilute solution of acetic acid. Large Spill: Corrosive liquid. Poisonous liquid. Stop leak if without risk. Absorb with DRY earth, sand or other non-combustible material. Do not get water inside container. Do not touch spilled material. Use water spray curtain to divert vapor drift. Use water spray to reduce vapors. Prevent entry into sewers, basements or confined areas; dike if needed. Call for assistance on disposal. Neutralize the residue with a dilute solution of acetic acid. Be careful that the product is not present at a concentration level above TLV. Check TLV on the MSDS and with local authorities. Section 7: Handling and Storage Precautions: Keep locked up.. Keep container dry. Do not ingest. Do not breathe gas/fumes/ vapor/spray. Never add water to this product. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Keep away from incompatibles such as metals, acids. Storage: Keep container tightly closed. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area. Do not store above 25°C (77°F). Section 8: Exposure Controls/Personal Protection Engineering Controls: Provide exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to keep the airborne concentrations of vapors below their respective threshold limit value. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are proximal to the work-station location. Personal Protection: Face shield. Full suit. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves. Boots. Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill:



Splash goggles. Full suit. Vapor respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be used to avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handling this product. Exposure Limits: TWA: 25 (ppm) from ACGIH (TLV) [United States] TWA: 50 STEL: 35 (ppm) from OSHA (PEL) [United States] TWA: 25 STEL: 35 from NIOSH Consult local authorities for acceptable exposure limits. Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties Physical state and appearance: Liquid. Odor: Ammonia-like (Strong.) Taste: Acrid. Molecular Weight: 35.05 Color: Colorless. pH (1% soln/water): 11.6 [Basic.] This is the actual pH in a 1 N solution. Boiling Point: Not available Melting Point: -69.2°C (-92.6°F) Critical Temperature: Not available. Specific Gravity: 0.898 (Water = 1) Vapor Pressure: 287.9 kPa (@ 20°C) Vapor Density: Not available Volatility: Not available. Odor Threshold: 5 - 50 ppm as ammonia Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.: Not available. Ionicity (in Water): Not available. Dispersion Properties: See solubility in water Solubility: Easily soluble in cold water. Section 10: Stability and Reactivity Data Stability: The product is stable. Instability Temperature: Not available. Conditions of Instability: Incompatible materials, high temperatures Incompatibility with various substances: Highly reactive with metals. Reactive with acids. Slightly reactive to reactive with oxidizing agents. Corrosivity: Extremely corrosive in presence of zinc, of copper. Corrosive in presence of aluminum. Non-corrosive in presence of glass, of stainless steel(304), of stainless steel(316). Special Remarks on Reactivity: Incompatible with the following: Organic acids, amides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, vinyl acetate, epichlorhydrin, aldehydes, Acrolein, Acrylic acid, chlorosulfonic acid, dimethyl sulfate, fluorine, gold + aqua regia, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, hydrogen peroxide, iodine, nitric acid, olelum, propiolactone, propylene oxide, silver nitrate, silver oxide, silver oxide + ethyl alcohol, nitromethane, silver permanganate, sulfuric acid, halogens. Forms explosive compounds with many heavy metals (silver, lead, zinc) and halide salts. Special Remarks on Corrosivity: Dissolves copper and zinc. Corrosive to aluminum and its alloys. Corrosive to galvanized surfaces. Severe corrosive effect on brass and bronze Polymerization: Will not occur. Section 11: Toxicological Information Routes of Entry: Absorbed through skin. Dermal contact. Eye contact. Inhalation. Ingestion. Toxicity to Animals: Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 350 mg/kg [Rat]. Chronic Effects on Humans:



MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Mutagenic for bacteria and/or yeast. [Ammonium hydroxide]. May cause damage to the following organs: mucous membranes, skin, eyes. Other Toxic Effects on Humans: Very hazardous in case of skin contact (corrosive, irritant, permeator), of ingestion, . Hazardous in case of eye contact (corrosive), of inhalation (lung corrosive). Special Remarks on Toxicity to Animals: Highly toxic to aquatic organisms Special Remarks on Chronic Effects on Humans: May affect genetic material based on tests with microorganisms and animals. May cause cancer (tumorigenic) based on animal data. No human data found at this time. (Ammonia, anhydrous) Special Remarks on other Toxic Effects on Humans: Acute Potential Health Effects: Skin: Causes severe irritation. Causes skin burns. May cause deep, penetrating ulcers of the skin. Contact with skin may cause staining, inflammation, and thickening of the skin. Eye: Contact with liquid or vapor causes severe burns and possible irreversible eye damage including corneal injury and cataracts. Inhalation: Causes severe irritation of the upper respiratory tract with coughing, burns, breathing difficulty. May cause acute pulmonary edema, pneumoconiosis,fibrosis, and even coma. It is a respiratory stimulant when inhaled at lower concentrations. It may also affect behavior/ central nervous system (convulsions, seizures, ataxia, tremor), cardiovascular system (increase in blood pressure and pulse rate). Ingestion: Harmful if swallowed. Affects the Gastrointestinal tract (burns, swelling of the lips, mouth, and larynx, throat constriction, nausea, vomiting, convulsions, shock, and may cause severe and permanent damage), liver, and urinary system(kidneys) May affect behavior (convulsions, seizures, ataxia, excitement). Chronic Potential Health Effects: Ingestion: May cause effects similar to those of acute ingestion. Inhalation: Repeated exposure to low concentrations may cause bronchitis with cough, phlegm, and/or shortness of breath. May also cause liver and kidney damage, and affect the brain, and blood. Eye: May cause corneal damage and the development of cataracts and glaucoma. Skin: Repeated skin contact to low concentrations may cause dryness, itching, and redness (dermatitis) Section 12: Ecological Information Ecotoxicity: Ecotoxicity in water (LC50): 0.1 ppm 24 hours [Rainbow trout]. 8.2mg/l 96 hours [Fathead minnow]. 0.1 ppm 48 hours [Bluegill]. BOD5 and COD: Not available. Products of Biodegradation: Possibly hazardous shortterm degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products may arise. Toxicity of the Products of Biodegradation: The products of degradation are less toxic than the product itself. Special Remarks on the Products of Biodegradation: Not available. Section 13: Disposal Considerations Waste Disposal: Waste must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state and local environmental control regulations. OSHA: Hazardous by definition of Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200). EINECS: This product is on the European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances. Other Classifications: WHMIS (Canada): CLASS D-1B: Material causing immediate and serious toxic effects (TOXIC). CLASS E: Corrosive liquid. DSCL (EEC): HMIS (U.S.A.):



Health Hazard: 3 Fire Hazard: 0 Reactivity: 0 Personal Protection: National Fire Protection Association (U.S.A.): Health: 2 Flammability: 0 Reactivity: 0 Specific hazard: Protective Equipment: Gloves. Full suit. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Wear appropriate respirator when ventilation is inadequate. Face shield.

1.2.13 Sulphuric acid

Material Safety Data Sheet Sulfuric acid MSDS Section 1: Chemical Product and Company Identification Product Name: Sulfuric acid CAS#: 7664-93-9 Synonym: Oil of Vitriol; Sulfuric Acid Chemical Name: Hydrogen sulfate Chemical Formula: H2-SO4 Name CAS # % by Weight Sulfuric acid 7664-93-9 95 - 98 Toxicological Data on Ingredients: Sulfuric acid: ORAL (LD50): Acute: 2140 mg/kg [Rat.]. VAPOR (LC50): Acute: 510 mg/m 2 hours [Rat]. 320 mg/m 2 hours [Mouse]. Section 3: Hazards Identification Potential Acute Health Effects: Very hazardous in case of skin contact (corrosive, irritant, permeator), of eye contact (irritant, corrosive), of ingestion, of inhalation. Liquid or spray mist may produce tissue damage particularly on mucous membranes of eyes, mouth and respiratory tract. Skin contact may produce burns. Inhalation of the spray mist may produce severe irritation of respiratory tract, characterized by coughing, choking, or shortness of breath. Severe over-exposure can result in death. Inflammation of the eye is characterized by redness, watering, and itching. Skin inflammation is characterized by itching, scaling, reddening, or, occasionally, blistering. Potential Chronic Health Effects: CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Classified 1 (Proven for human.) by IARC, + (Proven.) by OSHA. Classified A2 (Suspected for human.) by ACGIH. MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available. The substance may be toxic to kidneys, lungs, heart, cardiovascular system, upper respiratory tract, eyes, teeth. Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage. Repeated or prolonged contact with spray mist may produce chronic eye irritation and severe skin irritation. Repeated or prolonged exposure to spray mist may produce respiratory tract irritation leading to frequent attacks of bronchial infection. Repeated exposure to a highly toxic material may produce general deterioration of health by an accumulation in one or many human organs. Section 4: First Aid Measures Eye Contact: Check for and remove any contact lenses. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Cold water may be used. Get medical attention immediately.



Skin Contact: In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Cold water may be used.Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Get medical attention immediately. Serious Skin Contact: Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an anti-bacterial cream. Seek immediate medical attention. Inhalation: If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention immediately. Serious Inhalation: Evacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as possible. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. WARNING: It may be hazardous to the person providing aid to give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation when the inhaled material is toxic, infectious or corrosive. Seek immediate medical attention. Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. Get medical attention if symptoms appear. Serious Ingestion: Not available. Section 5: Fire and Explosion Data Flammability of the Product: Non-flammable. Auto-Ignition Temperature: Not applicable. Flash Points: Not applicable. Flammable Limits: Not applicable. Products of Combustion: Products of combustion are not available since material is non-flammable. However, products of decompostion include fumes of oxides of sulfur. Will react with water or steam to produce toxic and corrosive fumes. Reacts with carbonates to generate carbon dioxide gas. Reacts with cyanides and sulfides to form poisonous hydrogen cyanide and hydrogen sulfide respectively. Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Combustible materials Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not available. Risks of explosion of the product in presence of static discharge: Not available. Slightly explosive in presence of oxidizing materials. Fire Fighting Media and Instructions: Not applicable. Special Remarks on Fire Hazards: Metal acetylides (Monocesium and Monorubidium), and carbides ignite with concentrated sulfuric acid. White Phosphorous + boiling Sulfuric acid or its vapor ignites on contact. May ignite other combustible materials. May cause fire when sulfuric acid is mixed with Cyclopentadiene, cyclopentanone oxime, nitroaryl amines, hexalithium disilicide, phorphorous (III) oxide, and oxidizing agents such as chlorates, halogens, permanganates. Special Remarks on Explosion Hazards: M i x t u r e s o f s u l f u r i c a c i d a n d a n y o f t h e f o l l o w i n g c a n e x p l o d e : p - n i t r o t o l u e n e , p e n t a s I l v e r trihydroxydiaminophosphate, perchlorates, alcohols with strong hydrogen peroxide, ammonium tetraperoxychromate, mercuric nitrite, potassium chlorate, potassium permanganate with potassium chloride, carbides, nitro compounds, nitrates,



carbides, phosphorous, iodides, picratres, fulminats, dienes, alcohols (when heated) Nitramide decomposes explosively on contact with concentrated sulfuric acid. 1,3,5-Trinitrosohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine + sulfuric acid causes explosivedecompositon. Section 6: Accidental Release Measures Small Spill: Dilute with water and mop up, or absorb with an inert dry material and place in an appropriate waste disposal container. If necessary: Neutralize the residue with a dilute solution of sodium carbonate. Large Spill: Corrosive liquid. Poisonous liquid. Stop leak if without risk. Absorb with DRY earth, sand or other non-combustible material. Do not get water inside container. Do not touch spilled material. Use water spray curtain to divert vapor drift. Use water spray to reduce vapors. Prevent entry into sewers, basements or confined areas; dike if needed. Call for assistance on disposal. Neutralize the residue with a dilute solution of sodium carbonate. Be careful that the product is not present at a concentration level above TLV. Check TLV on the MSDS and with local authorities. Section 7: Handling and Storage Precautions: Keep locked up.. Keep container dry. Do not ingest. Do not breathe gas/fumes/ vapor/spray. Never add water to this product. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Keep away from incompatibles such as oxidizing agents, reducing agents, combustible materials, organic materials, metals, acids, alkalis, moisture. May corrode metallic surfaces. Store in a metallic or coated fiberboard drum using a strong polyethylene inner package. Storage: Hygroscopic. Reacts. violently with water. Keep container tightly closed. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area. Do not store above 23°C (73.4°F). Section 8: Exposure Controls/Personal Protection Engineering Controls: Provide exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to keep the airborne concentrations of vapors below their respective threshold limit value. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are proximal to the work-station location. Personal Protection: Face shield. Full suit. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves. Boots. Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill: Splash goggles. Full suit. Vapor respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be used to avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handling this product. Exposure Limits: TWA: 1 STEL: 3 (mg/m3) [Australia] Inhalation TWA: 1 (mg/m3) from OSHA (PEL) [United States] Inhalation TWA: 1 STEL: 3 (mg/m3) from ACGIH (TLV) [United States] [1999] Inhalation TWA: 1 (mg/m3) from NIOSH [United States] Inhalation TWA: 1 (mg/m3) [United Kingdom (UK)]Consult local authorities for acceptable exposure limits. Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties Physical state and appearance: Liquid. (Thick oily liquid.) Odor: Odorless, but has a choking odor when hot.



Taste: Marked acid taste. (Strong.) Molecular Weight: 98.08 g/mole Color: Colorless. pH (1% soln/water): Acidic. Boiling Point: 270°C (518°F) - 340 deg. C Decomposes at 340 deg. C Melting Point: -35°C (-31°F) to 10.36 deg. C (93% to 100% purity) Critical Temperature: Not available. Specific Gravity: 1.84 (Water = 1) Vapor Pressure: Not available. Vapor Density: 3.4 (Air = 1) Volatility: Not available. Odor Threshold: Not available. Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.: Not available. Ionicity (in Water): Not available. Dispersion Properties: See solubility in water. Solubility: Easily soluble in cold water. Sulfuric is soluble in water with liberation of much heat. Soluble in ethyl alcohol. Section 10: Stability and Reactivity Data Stability: The product is stable. Instability Temperature: Not available. Conditions of Instability: Conditions to Avoid: Incompatible materials, excess heat, combustible material materials, organic materials, exposure to moist air or water, oxidizers, amines, bases. Always add the acid to water, never the reverse. Incompatibility with various substances: Reactive with oxidizing agents, reducing agents, combustible materials, organic materials, metals, acids, alkalis, moisture. Corrosivity: Extremely corrosive in presence of aluminum, of copper, of stainless steel(316). Highly corrosive in presence of stainless steel(304). Non-corrosive in presence of glass. Special Remarks on Reactivity: Hygroscopic. Strong oxidizer. Reacts violently with water and alcohol especially when water is added to the product. Incompatible (can react explosively or dangerously) with the following: ACETIC ACID, ACRYLIC ACID, AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE, CRESOL, CUMENE, DICHLOROETHYL ETHER, ETHYLENE CYANOHYDRIN, ETHYLENEIMINE, NITRIC ACID, 2-NITROPROPANE, PROPYLENE OXIDE, SULFOLANE, VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE, DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER, ETHYL ACETATE, ETHYLENE CYANOHYDRIN, ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER ACETATE, GLYOXAL, METHYL ETHYL KETONE, dehydrating agents, organic materials, moisture (water), Acetic anhydride, Acetone, cyanohydrin, Acetone+nitric acid, Acetone + potassium dichromate, Acetonitrile, Acrolein, Acrylonitrile, Acrylonitrile +water, Alcohols + hydrogen peroxide, ally compounds such as Allyl alcohol, and Allyl Chloride, 2-Aminoethanol, Ammonium hydroxide, Ammonium triperchromate, Aniline, Bromate + metals, Bromine pentafluoride, n-Butyraldehyde, Carbides, Cesium acetylene carbide, Chlorates, Cyclopentanone oxime, chlorinates, Chlorates + metals, Chlorine trifluoride, Chlorosulfonic acid, 2-cyano-4-nitrobenzenediazonium hydrogen sulfate, Cuprous nitride, p-chloronitrobenzene, 1,5-Dinitronaphthlene + sulfur, Diisobutylene, p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde, 1,3-Diazidobenzene, Dimethylbenzylcarbinol + hydrogen peroxide, Epichlorohydrin, Ethyl alcohol + hydrogen peroxide, Ethylene diamine, Ethylene glycol and other glycols, , Ethylenimine, Fulminates, hydrogen peroxide, Hydrochloric acid, Hydrofluoric acid, Iodine heptafluoride, Indane + nitric acid, Iron, Isoprene, Lithium silicide, Mercuric nitride, Mesityl oxide, Mercury nitride, Metals (powdered), Nitromethane, Nitric acid + glycerides, p-Nitrotoluene, Pentasilver trihydroxydiaminophosphate, Perchlorates, Perchloric acid, Permanganates + benzene, 1-



Phenyl-2-methylpropyl alcohol + hydrogen peroxide, Phosphorus, Phosphorus isocyanate, Picrates, Potassium tert-butoxide, Potassium chlorate, Potassium Permanganate and other permanganates, halogens, amines, Potassium Permanganate + Potassium chloride, Potassium Permanganate + water, Propiolactone (beta)-, Pyridine, Rubidium aceteylene carbide, Silver permanganate, Sodium, Sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, Steel, styrene monomer, toluene + nitric acid, Vinyl acetate, Thalium (I) azidodithiocarbonate, Zinc chlorate, Zinc Iodide, azides, carbonates, cyanides, sulfides, sulfites, alkali hydrides, carboxylic acid anhydrides, nitriles, olefinic organics, aqueous acids, cyclopentadiene, cyano-alcohols, metal acetylides, Hydrogen gas is generated by the action of the acid on most metals (i.e. lead, copper, tin, zinc, aluminum, etc.). Concentrated sulfuric acid oxidizes, dehydrates, or sulfonates most organic compounds. Special Remarks on Corrosivity: Non-corrosive to lead and mild steel, but dillute acid attacks most metals. Attacks many metals releasing hydrogen. Minor corrosive effect on bronze. No corrosion data on brass or zinc. Polymerization: Will not occur. Section 11: Toxicological Information Routes of Entry: Absorbed through skin. Dermal contact. Eye contact. Inhalation. Ingestion. Toxicity to Animals: WARNING: THE LC50 VALUES HEREUNDER ARE ESTIMATED ON THE BASIS OF A 4-HOUR EXPOSURE. Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 2140 mg/kg [Rat.]. Acute toxicity of the vapor (LC50): 320 mg/m3 2 hours [Mouse]. Chronic Effects on Humans: CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Classified 1 (Proven for human.) by IARC, + (Proven.) by OSHA. Classified A2 (Suspected for human.) by ACGIH. May cause damage to the following organs: kidneys, lungs, heart, cardiovascular system, upper respiratory tract, eyes, teeth. Other Toxic Effects on Humans: Extremely hazardous in case of inhalation (lung corrosive). Very hazardous in case of skin contact (corrosive, irritant, permeator), of eye contact (corrosive), of ingestion, . Special Remarks on Toxicity to Animals: Not available. Special Remarks on Chronic Effects on Humans: Mutagenicity: Cytogenetic Analysis: Hamster, ovary = 4mmol/L Reproductive effects: May cause adverse reproductive effects based on animal data. Developmental abnormalities (musculoskeletal) in rabbits at a dose of 20 mg/m3 for 7 hrs.(RTECS) Teratogenecity: neither embryotoxic, fetoxic, nor teratogenetic in mice or rabbits at inhaled doses producing some maternal toxicity Special Remarks on other Toxic Effects on Humans: Acute Potential Health Effects: Skin: Causes severe skin irritation and burns. Continued contact can cause tissue necrosis. Eye: Causes severe eye irritation and burns. May cause irreversible eye injury. Ingestion: Harmful if swallowed. May causepermanent damage to the digestive tract. Causes gastrointestial tract burns. May cause perforation of the stomach, GI bleeding, edema of the glottis, necrosis and scarring, and sudden circulatory collapse(similar to acute inhalation). It may lso cause systemic toxicity with acidosis. Inhalation: May cause severe irritation of the respiratory tract and mucous membranes with sore throat, coughing, shortness of breath, and delayed lung edema. Causes chemical burns to the repiratory tract. Inhalation may be fatal as a result of spasm, inflammation, edema of the larynx and bronchi, chemical pneumonitis, and pulmonary edema. Cause corrosive action on mucous membranes. May affect cardiovascular system (hypotension, depressed cardiac output, bradycardia). Circulatory collapse with clammy skin, weak and rapid pulse, shallow respiration, and scanty urine may follow. Circulatory shock is often the immediate cause of death. May also affect teeth(changes in teeth and supporting structures - erosion, discoloration). Chronic Potential Health Effects: Inhalation: Prolonged or repeated inhalation



may affect behavior (muscle contraction or spasticity), urinary system (kidney damage), and cardiovascular system, heart (ischemic heart leisons), and respiratory system/lungs(pulmonary edema, lung damage), teeth (dental discoloration, erosion). Skin: Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause dermatitis, an allergic skin reaction. Section 12: Ecological Information Ecotoxicity: Ecotoxicity in water (LC50): 49 mg/l 48 hours [bluegill/sunfish]. BOD5 and COD: Not available. Products of Biodegradation: Possibly hazardous short term degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products may arise. Toxicity of the Products of Biodegradation: The products of degradation are less toxic than the product itself. Special Remarks on the Products of Biodegradation: Not available. Section 13: Disposal Considerations Waste Disposal: Sulfuric acid may be placed in sealed container or absorbed in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, or a similar material. It may also be diluted and neutralized. Be sure to consult with local or regional authorities (waste regulators) prior to any disposal. Waste must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state and local environmental control regulations. HMIS (U.S.A.): Health Hazard: 3 Fire Hazard: 0 Reactivity: 2 Personal Protection: National Fire Protection Association (U.S.A.): Health: 3 Flammability: 0 Reactivity: 2 Specific hazard: Protective Equipment: Gloves. Full suit. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Wear appropriate respirator when ventilation is inadequate. Face shield.

1.2.14 Caustic lye

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET SODIUM HYDROXIDE LIQUID 48% SECTION 1 CHEMICAL PRODUCT PRODUCT IDENTIFIER: SODIUM HYDROXIDE, LIQUID (L-NaOH) RECOMMENDED USAGE: Neutralizing agent, industrial cleaner, pulping and bleaching, catalyst SECTION 2 HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION Hazard Statements



DANGER! EXTREMELY CORROSIVE Fatal if inhaled. Avoid to be swallowed. Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. Can cause blindness, permanent scarring and death. Toxic if swallowed and in contact with skin Suspected of damaging the unborn child. Suspected of causing genetic defects. May cause damage to cardiovascular, respiratory, nervous, and gastrointestinal systems and liver and blood through prolonged or repeated exposure. Harmful to aquatic life. Precautionary Statements Do not breathe mist/vapors. Keep container tightly closed. Wear protective gloves and eye/face protection. Store container tightly closed in cool/ well-ventilated place. Wash thoroughly after handling. SECTION 3 COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS CHEMICAL IDENTITY: SODIUM HYDROXIDE, LIQUID TRADE NAMES/SYNONYMS: CAUSTIC SODA; SODA LYE; LYE; LIQUID; SODIUM HYDRATE; SODIUM HYDROXIDE (NaOH); LIQUID CAS NUMBER: 1310-73-2 MINIMUM PERCENTAGE: 48% SECTION 4 FIRST AID MEASURES INHALATION: If adverse effects occur, remove to uncontaminated area. Give artificial respiration if not breathing. If breathing is difficult, oxygen should be administered by qualified personnel. Get immediate medical attention. SKIN CONTACT: Wash skin with soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Get immediate medical attention. Thoroughly clean and dry contaminated clothing and shoes before reuse. Destroy contaminated shoes. EYE CONTACT: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15minutes. Then get immediate medical attention. INGESTION: If swallowed, drink plenty of water, do NOT induce vomiting. Get immediate medical attention. SECTION 5 FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES SUITABLE EXTINGUISHING MEDIA: regular dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water, regular foam Large fires: Use regular foam or flood with fine water spray. FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS: Negligible fire hazard. FIRE FIGHTING: Move container from fire area if it can be done without risk. Cool containers with water spray until well after the fire is out. Stay away from the ends of tanks. SECTION 6 ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES PERSONAL PRECAUTIONS, PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT & EMERGENCY PROCEDURES: - ENVIRONMENT PRECAUTION: SOIL RELEASE: Dig holding area such as lagoon, pond or pit for containment. Cover with plastic sheet or tarp to minimize spreading and protect from contact with water. WATER RELEASE: Neutralize. - METHODS & MATERIALS FOR CONTAINMENT & CLEANING UP Do not touch spilled material. Stop leak if possible, without personal risk. Small spills: Absorb with sand or other non-combustible material. Collect spilled material in appropriate container for disposal.



Small dry spills: Move containers away from spill to a safe area. Large spills: Dike for later disposal. Keep unnecessary people away, isolate hazard area and deny entry. SECTION 7 HANDLING AND STORAGE - PRECAUTIONS FOR SAFE HANDLING: Use smallest possible amounts in designated areas with adequate ventilation. Keep containers closed when not in use. Empty containers may contain hazardous residues. Transfer solids using tools or equipment, which are corrosion - resistant. Cautiously, transfer into sturdy containers made of compatible materials. Never return contaminated material to its original container. Considerable heat is generated when diluted with water. Proper handling procedures must be followed to prevent vigorous boiling, splattering or violent eruption of the diluted solution. Never add water to caustic. ALWAYS ADD CAUSTIC TO WATER and provide agitation. When mixing with water, stir small amounts in slowly. Use cold water to prevent excessive heat generation. In general, keep solid sodium hydroxide away from water. Post “DO NOT USE WATER” signs in area of use to prevent accidental contact - PRECAUTIONS FOR SAFE STORAGE (including any incompatibilities): Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. This material absorbs water. Keep containers tightly closed when not in use and when empty. Protect from damage. Store away from incompatable materials such as strong acids, nitroaromatic, nitroparaffinnic or organohalogen compounds. Use corrosion-resistant structural materials and lighting and ventilation systems in the storage area. Containers made of nickel alloys are preferred. Steel containers are acceptable if temperatures are not elevated. Nickel is the preferred metal fro handling this product. Plastics or plastic-lined steel, or FRP tanks of derakane vinyl ester resin may be suitable. If outdoor storage of pearl caustic is unavailable, the pallets should be protected against extremes of weather. Do not expose sealed containers to temperatures above 40°C (104°F) SECTION 8 EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION CONTROL PARAMETERS: OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMIT or BIOLOGICAL LIMIT VALUE: 2 mg/m3 OSHA TWA 2 mg/m3 ACGIH ceiling 2 mg/m3 NIOSH recommended ceiling APPROPRIATE ENGINEERING CONTROLS: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants. The most effective measures are the total enclosure of processes and the mechanization of handling procedures to prevent all personal contact. VENTILATION: Ensure compliance with applicable exposure limits. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQIPMENT Maintain eye wash fountain and quick-drench facilities in work area. Detailed requirements for personal protective equipment should be established on a site-specific basis. EYE PROTECTION: Wear full face-shield and chemical safety goggles when there is potential for contact. Skin Protection: Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. Chemical protective clothing composed of natural rubber, neoprene, nitrile, or styrene/butadiene (SBR)-coated fabric is highly recommended, having break through times greater than one hour. Butyl rubber, polyethylene, chlorinated polyurethane, or polyvinyl alcohol may be used but data suggests breakthrough times of approximately an hour or more.



RESPIRATORY PROTECTION: Up To 10 mg/m3 : Supplied Air Respirator (SAR) operated in a continuous-flow mode, eye protection needed; or full-facepiece respirator with high-efficiency particulate filter(s); or powered air-purifying respirator with dust and mist filter(s), eye protection needed; or full-facepiece Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA); or fullfacepiece SAR. Emergency or Planned Entry into Unknown Concentrations or IDLH Conditions: Positive pressure, fullfacepiece SAR; or positive pressure, full-facepiece SAR with an auxiliary positive pressure SAR. ESCAPE: Full-facepiece respirator with high-efficiency particulate filter(s); or escape-type SCBA SECTION 9 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES APPEARANCE PHYSICAL STATE: LIQUID COLOR: Colorless CHANGE IN APPEARANCE: hygroscopic ODOR: odorless ODOR THRESHOLD: Not available MOLECULAR FORMULA: Na-O-H MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 40.00 PH: 14 (5% solution) MELTING POINT: 604 F (318 C) BOILING POINT: 2534 F (1390 C) VAPOR PRESSURE: 100 mmHg @ 1111 C VAPOR DENSITY: Not applicable RELATIVE GRAVITY (water=1): 2.130 SOLUBILITY IN WATER: VERY soluble (111 g/100 mL at 20 º C(68˚F)) SOLVENT SOLUBILITY: Soluble: alcohol, glycerol Insoluble: acetone, ether SECTION 10 STABILITY AND REACTIVITY - CHEMICAL STABILITY: Stable at room temperature. Rapidly absorbs carbon dioxide from the air, forming sodium carbonate. Slowly absorbs moisture from the air - POSSIBILITY OF HAZARDOUS REACTIONS: REACTIVITY: May react with evolution of heat on contact with water. - CONDITIONS TO AVOID: Water, moisture, and air. Dangerous gases may accumulate in confined spaces. May ignite or explode on contact with combustible materials. - INCOMPATIBILITIES: combustible materials, acids, halo carbons, metals, halogens, oxidizing materials, peroxides, metal salts - HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS: Thermal decomposition; SODIUM OXIDE POLYMERIZATION: Will not polymerize. However, it can induce hazardous polymerization of acetaldehyde, acrolein, and acrylonitrile.

ANNEXURE 7.4 - QUALITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT

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