Ankle The ankle is the most commonly injured joint in athletics The bony structure of the ankle is very strong With moderate ligament support And poor muscular support
Dec 16, 2015
Ankle
The ankle is the most commonly injured joint in athletics
The bony structure of the ankle is very strong
With moderate ligament support And poor muscular support
Prevention
Stretch musculature of the ankle Resistive strengthening of the musculature Inversion Eversion Plantar flexion dorsiflexion
Inversion
Stepping in a hole Stepping on another persons foot Stepping on a rock
Anterior talofibular ligament injured
Eversion ankle sprain
Stepping in a hole Stepping on another persons foot Stepping on a rock
Deltoid ligament injured
1st degree (Mild) ankle sprain
Ligaments are stretched Minor discomfort Point tenderness Mild swelling
2nd Degree (Moderate) Ankle Sprain
Ligaments are stretched and/or Partially torn
Moderate pain Point tenderness Some loss of function Slight abnormal movement at the joint
3rd degree (Severe) Ankle sprain
Ligaments are completely torn Extreme pain Total loss of function Point tenderness Rapid swelling
Evaluation
History
Observation/Inspection
Palpation
Specific testing
Subjective
Objective
Action taken
Plan
History
How did it happen When did it happen Did you hear or feel a pop Where you able to walk on it right away
Fracture
Direct pain Indirect pain Deformity Grating sounds (Crepitation) Testing
Compression Percussion Tuning fork
Sports Specific Testing
Hop 10 times on injured limb Walk Run straight Run circles Figure 8’s Zig zag 90 degree cutting
Treatment
Rest Ice 20 minutes every two hours Compression with horseshoe/elastic wrap Elevation Avoid heat in any form Remove elastic wrap before bedtime Follow this treatment for 1-72 hours
Once the bleeding has stopped
Apply heat before activity and ice after to… Remove waste product from injured area Promote healing Increase ROM
Range of motion
Working toward complete pain free ROM Flex & Plantarflex foot as far as possible Invert and evert foot as far as possible Circular motion clockwise and counter Write capital letters with the toes Achilles tendon stretch
Resistive Exercises
Walk on hells and toes (toes up, out, & in) Pick up marbles with toes Towel toe curl Isometric inversion and eversion with chair
legs Calf (heel) raises with feet straight in & out
Resistive Exercises continued
Closed chain kinetic exercises BOSU ball exercises Trapoline exercises Dinodisc exercises Voo doo board exercises
Return to activity
Do all of the following at 50,75, & 100% Hop 10 times on injured limb Walk Run straight Run circles Figure 8’s Zig zag 90 degree cutting
Heel Bruise
Heel and arch receives, absorbs and transfers most of the impact
Heel Bruise is one of the most disabling contusions
Cause of plantar Fasciitis
Overuse Overweight Tight Achilles Improper shoe support Running on hard surface
Turf toe
Sprain of the great toe (MP joint) The great toe is important in movement, balance
and speed Cause
Foot sliding back on a slippery surface Hyperextension of the big toe
Treatment RICE
Taping Turf toe taping