Animals That Eat Only Plants Are Called

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Animals that eat only plants are called herbivores. Deer, grasshoppers and rabbits are

all herbivores. There are lots of different plants and lots of different herbivores. Some

herbivores eat only part of a plant.

A herbivore is an animal that is adapted to eat plants.

Herbivory is a form ofpredationin which an organismconsumesprincipally autotrophs [1] such

asplants, algae and photosynthesizing bacteria. By that definition, many fungi, somebacteria,

many animals, someprotists and a small number ofparasitic plants can be considered herbivores.

However, herbivory is generally restricted to animals eating plants. Fungi, bacteria and protists that

feed on living plants are usually termed plant pathogens.Microbesthat feed on dead plants

are saprotrophs. Flowering plants that obtain nutrition from other living plants are usually

termed parasitic plants. More generally, organisms that feed on autotrophs in general are knownas primary consumers.

[edit]Predator-prey Theory (herbivore-plant interactions)

Feeding Strategy Diet Example

Frugivores Fruit Ring Tailed Lemur

Folivores Leaves Koalas

Nectarivores Nectar Honey Possum

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Granivores SeedsHawaiianHoneycreepers

Palynivores Pollen Bees

Mucivores Plant fluids, i.e. sap Aphids

Xylophages Wood Termites

ElephantFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For other uses, see Elephant (disambiguation).

African Bush Elephant inEtosha National Park, Namibia

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Elephants crossing theZambezi river -Zambia

Comparative view of the human and elephant frames, c1860.

Elephants are large landmammals in twogenera of thefamilyElephantidae:Elephas and Loxodonta.

Three species of elephant are living today: theAfrican Bush Elephant, theAfrican Forest

Elephantand theAsian Elephant (also known as the Indian Elephant). All other species and genera of

Elephantidae areextinct, some since the lastice age: dwarf forms ofmammothsmay have survived as

late as 2,000 BC.[1] Elephants and other Elephantidae were once classified with other thick-skinned

animals in a now invalidorder,Pachydermata.

Elephants are the largestland animals now living.[2] The elephant'sgestation period is 22 months, the

longest of any land animal. At birth it is common for an elephant calf to weigh 120 kilograms (260 lb).

They typically live for 50 to 70 years, but the oldest recorded elephant lived for 82 years.[3] The largest

elephant ever recorded was shot inAngola in 1956. This male weighed about 12,000 kilograms

(26,000 lb),[4] with a shoulder height of 4.2 metres (14 ft), a metre (yard) taller than the average male

African elephant.[5]The smallest elephants, about the size of a calf or a large pig, were a prehistoric

species that lived on the island ofCrete during the Pleistoceneepoch.[6]

The elephant has appeared in cultures across the world. They are a symbol of wisdom in Asian

cultures and are famed for their memory and intelligence, where they are thought to be on par

withcetaceans[7] and hominids.[8]Aristotleonce said the elephant was "the beast which passeth all

others in wit and mind".[9] The word "elephant" has its origins in the Greek , meaning "ivory" or

"elephant".[10]

Healthy adult elephants have no natural predators,[11] althoughlionsmay take calves or weak

individuals.[12][13] They are, however, increasingly threatened by human intrusion and poaching. Once

numbering in the millions, the African elephant population has dwindled to between 470,000 and

690,000 individuals according to a March 2007 estimate.[14] While the elephant is a protected species

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worldwide, with restrictions in place on capture, domestic use, and trade in products such as ivory,

there has been an increase in poaching in recent years, perhaps attributable to theCITES reopening

of "one time" ivory stock sales. Certain African nations report a decrease of their elephant populations

by as much as two-thirds, and populations in even some protected areas are in danger of being

eliminated [15]Since recent poaching has increased by as much as 45%, the current population is

unknown (2008).[16]

DeerFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about the ruminant animal. For other uses, see Deer (disambiguation).

"Deers" redirects here. For the database of the United States Department of Defense, see Defense

Enrollment and Eligibility Reporting System.

"Fawn" and "Stag" redirect here. For other uses, see Fawn (disambiguation) andStag

(disambiguation).

DeerFossil range: Early Oligocene

Recent

Pre

O

S

D

C

P

T

J

K

Pg

N

Male and female Mule deer

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Scientific classification

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Artiodactyla

Suborder: Ruminantia

Infraorder: Pecora

Family: CervidaeGoldfuss, 1820

Subfamilies

Capreolinae/Odocoileinae

Cervinae

Hydropotinae

Muntiacinae

Deerare the ruminantmammals forming thefamilyCervidae. They include for example Moose,Red

Deer, Reindeer,Roe andChital. Animals from related families within theorderArtiodactyla(even-

toed ungulates) are often also considered to be deer these includemuntjac and water deer. Male

(and a few female) deer of all species (except the Chinese Water deer who only have short tusks

instead) grow and shed new antlers each year in this they differ from permanently horned animals

such as antelope these are in the same order as deer and may bear a superficial resemblance.

The musk deerof Asia andWater Chevrotain(or Mouse Deer) of tropical African and Asian forests

are not usually regarded as true deer and form their own families, Moschidae andTragulidae,

respectively.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For other uses, see Giraffe (disambiguation).

Giraffe[1]

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Conservation status

Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[2]

Scientific classification

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Artiodactyla

Family: Giraffidae

Genus: Giraffa

Species: G.

camelopardalis

Binomial name

Giraffa camelopardalisLinnaeus, 1758

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Range map

The giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) is an Africaneven-toed ungulatemammal, the tallest of all land-

livinganimalspecies, and the largestruminant. It is covered in large, irregular patches of yellow to

black fur separated by white, off-white, or dark yellowish brown background. The average mass for an

adult male giraffe is 1,200 kilograms (2,600 lb) while the average mass for an adult female is

830 kilograms (1,800 lb).[3][4] It is approximately 4.3 metres (14 ft) to 5.2 metres (17 ft) tall, although

the tallest male recorded stood almost 6 metres (20 ft). [3][4]

The giraffe is related to deerandcattle, but is placed in a separatefamily, the Giraffidae, consisting of

only the giraffe and its closest relative, the okapi. Its range extends from Chad in Central

Africa toSouth Africa.

Giraffes usually inhabitsavannas,grasslands, or open woodlands. However, when food is scarce

they will venture into areas with denservegetation. They prefer areas with plenty ofacacia growth.

They will drink large quantities of water when available, which enables them to live for extended

periods in dry, arid areas.

GoatFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about the domesticated species. For other species, see Capra (genus). For other uses,

seeGoat (disambiguation).

"Billy goat" redirects here. For the Lance Corporal in the Royal Welsh, seeWilliam Windsor (goat).

For the urban legend, see Curse of the Billy Goat.

Domestic Goat

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Conservation status

Domesticated

Scientific classification

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Artiodactyla

Family: Bovidae

Subfamily: Caprinae

Genus: Capra

Species: C. aegagrus

Subspecies: C. a. hircus

Trinomial name

Capra aegagrus hircus(Linnaeus, 1758)

Synonyms

Capra hircus

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The domestic goat (Capra aegagrus hircus) is a subspecies of goatdomesticatedfrom the wild

goatofsouthwest Asia and Eastern Europe. The goat is a member of the Bovidae family and is

closely related to thesheep: both are in the goat-antelope subfamily Caprinae. There are over three

hundred distinct breeds of goat.[1]

Goats are one of the oldest domesticated species. Goats have been used for theirmilk,meat, hair,

and skins over much of the world.[2]In the twentieth century they also gained in popularity as pets.[3]

Female goats are referred to as does ornannies,intactmales as bucks orbillies; their offspring

are kids. Castrated males are wethers. Goat meat from younger animals is called kidorcabrito, and

from older animals is sometimes called chevon, or in some areas mutton.

DuckFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about the bird. For the NHL team, seeAnaheim Ducks. For duck as a food, seeDuck

(food). For other meanings, see Duck (disambiguation).

Ducks

Bufflehead

Scientific classification

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Aves

Order: Anseriformes

Family: Anatidae

Subfamily: various

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Duck is the common name for a number of species in the Anatidaefamily ofbirds. The ducks are

divided between several subfamilies listed in full in the Anatidae article; they do not represent

amonophyletic group but a form taxon, sinceswans and geeseare not considered ducks. Ducks are

mostly aquatic birds, mostly smaller than the swans and geese, and may be found in both fresh water

and sea water.

Ducks are sometimes confused with several types of unrelated water birds with similar forms, such

asloonsor divers, grebes,gallinules, and coots.

GooseFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

"Geese" redirects here. For the SNK character, see Geese Howard.

For other uses, see Goose (disambiguation).

Goose

Canada Goose, Branta

canadensis

Distant Goose

honking(helpinfo)

Scientific classification

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Aves

Superorder: Galloanserae

Order: Anseriformes

Family: Anatidae

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Subfamily: Anserinae

Tribe: Anserini

Genera

Dana PaternosterAnser

Branta

and see text

The word goose (plural: geese) is the English name for a considerable number ofbirds, belonging to

the familyAnatidae. This family also includes swans, most of which are larger than true geese,

andducks, which are smaller.

This article deals with the true geese in the subfamilyAnserinae,tribeAnserini.

A number of other waterbirds, mostly related to the shelducks, have "goose" as part of their name.

KakapoFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Kakapo

Conservation status

Critically Endangered(IUCN

3.1)[1]

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Scientific classification

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Aves

Order: Psittaciformes

Family: Strigopidae

Tribe: Strigopini

Genus: Strigops

Gray, 1845

Species: S. habroptila

Binomial name

Strigops habroptilaGray, 1845

The Kakapo (Mori:kkp, meaning night parrot), Strigops habroptila(Gray, 1845)[2], also

called owl parrot, is a species offlightlessnocturnalparrot endemic toNew Zealand.

[3]

It has finelyblotched yellow-green plumage, a distinct facial disc of sensory,vibrissa -like feathers, a large grey

beak, short legs, large feet, and wings and a tail of relatively short length. A certain combination of

traits makes it unique among its kindit is the world's only flightless parrot, the heaviest parrot,

nocturnal, herbivorous, visiblysexually dimorphic in body size, has a low basal metabolic rate, no

male parental care, and is the only parrot to have apolygynouslek breeding system. It is also

possibly one of the world's longest-living birds.[4] Its anatomy typifies the tendency of bird evolution on

oceanic islands with few predators and abundant food: accretion ofthermodynamic efficiency at the

expense of flight abilities, reduced wing muscles, a diminished keelon thesternum, and a generally

robust physique.[4]

Kakapo are critically endangered; as of April 2009, only 125 [5]living individuals are known,[6] most of

which have been givennames.[7] The common ancestor of the Kakapo and the genusNestorbecame

isolated from the remaining parrot species when New Zealand broke off from Gondwana, around 82

million years ago. Around 70 million years ago, the kakapo diverged from the genusNestor.[8][9][10]In

the absence ofmammalian predators, it lost the ability to fly. Because of Polynesian and European

colonisation and the introduction of predators such ascats,rats, and stoats, most of the Kakapo were

wiped out. Conservation efforts began in the 1890s, but they were not very successful until the

implementation of the Kakapo Recovery Plan in the 1980s. As of January 2009, surviving Kakapo are

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kept on two predator-free islands, Codfish ( Whenua Hou ) and Anchorislands, where they are closely

monitored. [11] Two large Fiordland islands,Resolution and Secretary, have been the subject of large-

scale ecological restoration activities to prepare self-sustainingecosystems with suitable habitat for

the Kakapo.

The conservation of the Kakapo has made the species well known. Many books and documentaries

detailing the plight of the Kakapo have been produced in recent years, one of the earliest being Two

in the Bush, made byGerald Durrell for the BBC in 1962.[12] Two of the most significant documentaries,

both made byNHNZ, are Kakapo - Night Parrot(1982) and To Save the Kakapo (1997). The BBC's

Natural History Unit also featured the Kakapo, including a sequence withSir David

Attenborough inThe Life of Birds. It was also one of the endangered animals that Douglas

Adams andMark Carwardine set out to find for the radio series and book Last Chance to See. An

updated version of the series has been produced for BBC TV, in whichStephen Fry and Carwardine

revisit the animals featured to see how they are getting on almost 20 years later, and in January 2009,

they spent time filming on Codfish Island to see the Kakapo.[13][14]

The Kakapo, like many other New Zealand bird species, has historically been important to the Mori,

the indigenous people of New Zealand, appearing in many of their traditional legends and folklore.

They were also hunted and utilised as a resource both for their meat and for their feathers which were

used for making clothing.

RabbitFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

"Bunny" redirects here. For other uses, see Bunny (disambiguation).

For other uses, see Rabbit (disambiguation).

Rabbit

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Eastern Cottontail (Sylvilagusfloridanus)

Scientific classification

Kingdom: Animalia

Superphylum: Chordata

Phylum: Vertebrata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Lagomorpha

Family: Leporidaein part

Genera

Pentalagus

Bunolagus

Nesolagus

Romerolagus

Brachylagus

Sylvilagus

Oryctolagus

Poelagus

Rabbits are small mammals in the familyLeporidae of the orderLagomorpha, found in several parts

of the world. There are seven different genera in the family classified as rabbits, including

theEuropean rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus), Cottontail rabbit (genusSylvilagus; 13 species), and

the Amami rabbit (Pentalagus furnessi, endangered specieson Amami shima,Japan). There are

many other species of rabbit, and these, along withpikas andhares, make up theorderLagomorpha.

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IguanaFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For other members of the family Iguanidae, see Iguanidae. For other uses, see Iguana

(disambiguation).

Iguana

Green IguanaIguana iguana

Scientific classification

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Sauropsida

Order: Squamata

Suborder: Iguania

Family: Iguanidae

Genus: IguanaLaurenti, 1768

Species

Lesser Antillean

Iguana,I.

delicatissima

Green Iguana, I.

iguana

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Iguana is agenus oflizardnative to tropical areas ofCentral andSouth America and the Caribbean.

(A few species of iguanas like the Fiji Banded Iguanaare however found outside the New World). The

genus was first described by AustriannaturalistJosephus Nicolaus Laurenti in his book Specimen

Medicum, Exhibens Synopsin Reptilium Emendatam cum Experimentis circa Venena in 1768. The

genus Iguana includes two species: theGreen Iguana, which is widespread throughout its range and

a popular pet, and theLesser Antillean Iguana, which is endemic to the Lesser Antillesand

endangered due to habitat destruction.

The word "Iguana" is derived from a Spanish form of the originalTainoname for the species "Iwana".[1]

GrasshopperFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For other uses, see Grasshopper (disambiguation).

GrasshopperFossil range:Late Permian-

Recent

Immature grasshopper

Scientific classification

Kingdom: Animalia

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Phylum: Arthropoda

Subphylum: Hexapoda

Class: Insecta

Order: Orthoptera

Suborder: Caelifera

The grasshopperis an insectof the suborderCaelifera in the orderOrthoptera. To distinguish it

from bush crickets or katydids, it is sometimes referred to as short-horned grasshoppers. Species that

change colour and behaviour at high population densities are called locusts.

HippopotamusFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

"Hippo" redirects here. For other uses, seeHippo (disambiguation).

Hippopotamus

Hippopotamus, Hippopotamus

amphibius

Conservation status

Vulnerable (IUCN 3.1)[1]

Scientific classification

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Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Superorder

:

Cetartiodactyla

Order: Artiodactyla

Family: Hippopotamida

e

Genus: HippopotamusLinnaeus, 1758

Species: H. amphibius

Binomial name

Hippopotamus amphibiusLinnaeus, 1758[2]

Range map[1]

The hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) orhippo, from theancient Greekfor "river horse", is a

large, mostlyherbivorousmammal insub-Saharan Africa, and one of only two extantspeciesin

the familyHippopotamidae(the other is thePygmy Hippopotamus.) The hippopotamus is the heaviest

extantartiodactyl, despite being considerably shorter than the giraffe.

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The hippopotamus issemi-aquatic, inhabiting rivers and lakes where territorial bulls preside over a

stretch of river and groups of 5 to 30 females and young. During the day they remain cool by staying

in the water or mud; reproduction and childbirth both occur in water. They emerge at dusk to graze on

grass. While hippopotamuses rest near each other in the water, grazing is a solitary activity and

hippos are not territorial on land.

Despite their physical resemblance to pigsand other terrestrial even-toed ungulates, their closest

living relatives are cetaceans(whales,porpoises, etc.) from which they diverged about55 million years

ago.[3] The common ancestor of whales and hippos split from other even-toed ungulates

around 60 million years ago.[4]The earliest known hippopotamus fossils, belonging to

the genusKenyapotamus in Africa, date to around16million years ago.

The hippopotamus is recognizable by its barrel-shaped torso, enormous mouth and teeth, nearly-

hairless body, stubby legs and tremendous size. It is the third-largest land mammal by weight(between 1 and 3 tonnes), behind the white rhinoceros (1 to 3 tonnes) and both species

ofelephant(3 to 9 tonnes). Despite its stocky shape and short legs, it can easily outrun a human.

Hippos have been clocked at 30 km/h (19 mph) over short distances. The hippopotamus is one of the

most aggressive creatures in the world and is often regarded as the most ferocious animal in Africa.

There are an estimated 125,000 to 150,000 hippos throughout Sub-Saharan Africa; Zambia (40,000)

andTanzania (20,00030,000) possess the largest populations.[1] They are still threatened by habitat

loss and poaching for their meat andivory canine teeth.