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1. Student Name: Aubrey Joyce B. Coronico Grade & Section:
IV Love Teacher: Mrs.. Fetalco
2. Andrs Bonifacio y de Castro (Andres Bonifacio)
3. Andrs Bonifacio y de Castro (Andres Bonifacio) He was a
Filipino nationalist and revolutionary. He is often called "the
father of the Philippine Revolution".
4. He was a founder and later Supremo ("supreme leader") of the
Katipunan movement which sought the independence of thePhilippines
from Spanish colonial rule and started the Philippine Revolution.
He is considered a de facto national hero of the Philippines and is
also considered by some Filipino historians to be the first
President, but officially he is not recognized as such.
5. Early Life and Family Background Born on November 30, 1863
in Tondo, Manila. Died on May 10, 1897 (aged 33) in Maragondon,
Cavite. He was the eldest child among the siblings. His sibling
were Ciriaco, Procopio, Troadio, Esperidiona, and Maxima.
6. His father Santiago Bonifacio was a tailor who served as a
teniente mayor of Tondo, Manila, a local politician and a boatman
who operated a river-ferry His mother, Catalina de Castro, was a
mestiza born of a Spanish father and a Filipino-Chinese mother who
worked at a cigarette-rolling factory. His parents worked extremely
hard to support him and his five younger siblings, but in 1881
Catalina caught tuberculosis (consumption) and died. The following
year, Santiago also became ill and passed away.
7. Work and Education He studied under Guillermo Osmea, who
taught him basic arithmetic, writing in Tagalog, and basic Spanish.
He dropped out of school when he became orphaned at the age of 14
in order to support his siblings. He sold canes and paper fans he
made himself and made posters for business firms. He worked as a
messenger(clerk/messenger) for the local parish choir. Later on he
worked for the British trading company J.M. Fleming & Co. as a
broker or salesman for local raw materials such as tar and
rattan.
8. He later moved to the German firm Fressell & Co., where
he worked as a bodeguero or warehouseman. He was also a part-time
actor who performed in moro- moro plays. Desspite not finishing his
normal education, Bonifacio was self-educated. He read books about
the French Revolution biographies of the Presidents of the United
States contemporary Philippine penal and civil codes
9. and novels such as Victor Hugos Les Misrables Eugne Sue's Le
Juif errant Jos Rizal's Noli Me Tngere and El Filibusterismo Aside
from Tagalog and Spanish, he could speak a little English, which he
learned while working at J.M. Fleming and Co.
10. Married Life He was married twice: First wife (1880~1890):
Monica came from the Palomar Neighborhood of Bacoor, who died young
of leprosy. Second wife (1893~1897): Gregoria de Jess (Aling
Oriang) of Caloocan. They married when Bonifacio was 29 and
Gregoria was just 18, in 1893. They had one son named Andrs who
died of smallpox in infancy.
11. Andres and Gregoria
12. In 1892 he joined Rizal's La Liga Filipina, an organization
which called for political reforms in Spain`s colonial government
of the Philippines.
13. The Katipunan A Philippine revolutionary society founded by
anti-Spanish Filipinos on July 7, 1892. Kataastaasang,
Kagalanggalang, Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan (KKK)
14. W ith his two friends Ladislao Diwa and Teodoro Plata, he
formed the first triangle of a secret society which bore the
initials K.K.K. Kataastaasang Kagalanggalangang Katipunan ng mga
Anak ng Bayan ("Highest and Most Respected Society of the Children
of the Country"). Katipunan was a secret organization until its
discovery in 1896 that led to the outbreak of Philippine
Revolution. W ithin the society Bonifacio used the pseudonym May
pag-asa ("There is Hope").
15. For a time, Bonifacio worked with both the Katipunan and La
Liga Filipina. From Manila, the Katipunan expanded into several
provinces, including Batangas, Laguna, Cavite, Bulacan, Pampanga,
and Nueva Ecija. Most of its members, called Katipuneros, came from
the lower and middle classes, with many of its local leaders being
prominent figures in their municipalities.
16. A t first exclusively male, membership was later extended
to females, with Bonifacio's wife Gregoria de Jess as a leading
member. He was a member and eventually head of the Katipunan
Supreme Council. He developed a strong friendship with Emilio
Jacinto who served as his adviser and confidant, as well as a
member of the Supreme Council. He wrote several pieces for the
paper, including the poem Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lup (roughly, "Love
for the homeland) under the pseudonym Agapito Bagumbayan.
17. He wrote Mga Katungkulang Gagawin ng Anak ng Z. LL. B. (The
Decalogue) The publication of Kalayaan in March 1896 led to a great
increase in membership. Bonifacio, Jacinto and Pio Valenzuela
collaborated on the society's organ Kalayaan (Freedom), which had
only one printed issue. The Katipunan spread throughout Luzon, to
Panay in the Visayas and even as far as Mindanao.From less than 300
members in January 1896, it had about 30,000 to 40,000 by
August.
18. The Katipunan had three aims: Political it wanted to free
the Philippines from Spain, by force of arms if necessary. Its
members, called Katipuneros, were taught to make and use weapons.
Moral teaching of good manners, hygiene, good morals, and attacking
dogmatism, religious fanaticism, and weakness of character. The
Katipunan saw all men, rich or poor, as equals. Civic aim the
Katipuneros were taught to care for one another in times of
sickness and need. The society took care of its sick. If a member
died, the Katipunan helped to pay the cost of a simple
funeral.
19. Death of Bonifacio A party of Aguinaldo's men led by
Agapito Bonzn and Jos Ignacio Paua met with Bonifacio at his camp
in Indang. Unaware of the order for his arrest, Bonifacio received
them cordially. The next day, Bonzn and Paua attacked Bonifacio's
camp. Bonifacio did not fight back and ordered his men to hold
their fire, though shots were nevertheless exchanged. In the
crossfire, Bonifacio was shot in the arm, and Paua stabbed him in
the neck and was prevented from striking further by one of
Bonifacio's men, who offered to be killed instead. A brother,
Ciriaco, was shot dead, while his other brother Procopio was beaten
senseless, and his wife Gregoria may have been raped by Bonzn.
20. Bonifacio's party was brought to Naic, where he and
Procopio stood trial on charges of sedition and treason against
Aguinaldo's government and conspiracy to murder Aguinaldo. The jury
was composed entirely of Aguinaldo's men and even Bonifacio's
defence lawyer himself declared his client's guilt. Bonifacio was
barred from confronting the state witness for the charge of
conspiracy to murder on the grounds that the latter had been killed
in battle, but after the trial the witness was seen alive with the
prosecutors.
21. The Bonifacio brothers were found guilty despite
insufficient evidence and recommended to be executed. Aguinaldo
commuted the sentence to deportation on 8 May 1897, but Po del
Pilar and Mariano Noril, both former supporters of Bonifacio,
persuaded him to withdraw the order for the sake of preserving
unity. In this they were seconded by Mamerto Natividd and other
bona fidesupporters of Aguinaldo. The Bonifacio brothers were shot
or executed on 10 May 1897 in the mountains of Maragondon and
buried in a shallow grave marked only by a few twigs and
leaves.
22. Apolinario Mabini wrote that Bonifacio's death demoralized
many rebels from Manila, Laguna and Batangas who had come to help
those in Cavite, and caused them to quit. In other areas, some of
Bonifacio's associates like Emilio Jacinto never subjected their
military commands to Aguinaldo's authority.
23. Bonifacio as a Hero Andrs Bonifacio, along with Jos Rizal,
is one of only two implied national heroes of the Philippines.
Bonifacio and Rizal are given the implied recognition of being
national heroes because they both have national holidays in their
honor: Bonifacio Day on November 30, and Rizal Day on December
30.
24. Andres Bonifacio Monument in Caloocan City
25. Andres Bonifacio Monument in the City of Manila
26. Notable Contributions to the World of Colonial Literature
Bonifacio wrote poetry, and was a moro-moro actor - very typical of
great communicators. Bonifacio was probably one of the greatest
motivational writers and speakers of his generation. Using his
native language, Bonifacio wrote with full passion and compassion.
Bonifacio also wrote about how the Filipinos were tortured by the
Spaniards.
27. Interesting Facts Bonifacio kept himself busy with other
productive endeavors. He became a member of a Tagalog dramatic
society, both as an actor and organizer of plays. In 1887, he and
his friends established the Teatro Porvenir and staged moro-moros
in Tondo. Bonifacio was also a freemason and a member of the Taliba
Lodge.
28. Poems and Works Katapusang Hibik Ng Pilipinas (The Last
Appeal of the Philippines) Pag-ibig Sa Tinubuang Lupa Tapunan ng
Lingap Ang mga Cazadores Huling Paalam ni Dr. Jose Rizal (Salin ng
Mi Ultimo Adios ni Gat Andres Bonifacio) The Decalogue, a ten-point
addressed to sons of the country and how they should behave
29. The Decalogue I. Love God with all thine heart. II. Bear
always in mind that the love of God is also the love of Country,
and this, too, is love of one's fellow-men. III. Engrave in thy
heart that the true measure of honor and happiness is to die for
the freedom of thy country. IV. All thy good wishes will be crowned
with success if thou has serenity, constancy, reason, and faith in
all thy acts and endeavor.
30. V. Guard the mandates and aims of the K.K.K. as thou
guardest thine honor. VI. It is the duty of all to deliver, at the
risk of their own lives and wealth, anyone whose life is in danger
because of some noble cause. VII. Our responsibility to ourselves
and the performance of our duties will be the example set for our
countrymen to follow. VIII. Insofar as it is within thy power,
share thy means with the poor and the unfortunate.
31. IX. Diligence in the work that gives sustenance to thee is
the true basis of love -- love for thine own self, for thine wife
and children, for thine brothers and countrymen. X. Punish any
scoundrel and traitor and praise all good work. Believe, likewise,
that the aims of the K.K.K. are God-given, for the will of the
people is also the will of God.