1 Measurement Techniques Technical Information and Some Hints for the Reports Practical Measurement Techniques, University of Bremen, summer 2014 Andreas Richter room U2090 tel: 218 62103 e-mail: [email protected]bremen.de Christian Mertens room M 3140 Tel: 218 62147 e-mail [email protected]bremen.de
Measurement Techniques Technical Information and Some Hints for the Reports Practical Measurement Techniques, University of Bremen, summer 2014. Andreas Richter room U2090 tel: 218 62103 e-mail: [email protected] Christian Mertens room M 3140 Tel: 218 62147 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
1
Measurement TechniquesTechnical Information
and Some Hints for the Reports
Practical Measurement Techniques, University of Bremen, summer 2014
• Please get a copy of the lab instructions from the web at least 2 weeks before the lab takes place
• At least one week before the labs take place contact the lab instructor about the exact time and location of the lab, and perhaps have a first look at the instruments you will use
• For each lab experiment a lab report / protocol has to be written
• The complete reports have to be handed in 2 weeks after the lab to the tutor
• If the report is not accepted by the lab instructor it can be corrected no more than twice within two weeks after receiving it from the lab instructor
• A special report form will accompany you through the practical and the review process. This form will be given to you during the first lab and has to be handed in at the end of semester
• You will need this report with all signatures to receive the credit points for this course
In this set of experiments, you will not be exposed to undue danger by inflammable or hazardous material or ionizing or other harmful radiation. However, you should be aware of some general safety considerations.
Don‘t eat or smoke (this might damage the experiment).
If anything is defect, inform your tutor immediately.
Never construct, modify, or disconnect electrical circuits under voltage
applied.
Never look into laser beams.
Be informed about emergency exits and fire extinguisher sites.
Experiment / Group A B C D E F G H I JSatellite Image Analysis 25.06. 14.05. 11.06. 28.05. 02.07 21.05.Passive DOAS 14.05. 11.06. 28.05. 25.06. 04.06. 18.06.Radioactivity 28.05. 25.06. 14.05. 11.06. 04.06.Acoustical flow Measurements (Oceanography)
14.05. 11.06. . 28.05. 25.06. 21.05. 18.06.
FTS 11.06. 28.05. 25.06. 14.05. 18.06. Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy (CRDS)
28.05. 25.06. 14.05. 11.06. 21.05. 02.07.
Ozone Absorption Spectroscopy
28.05. 25.06. 14.05. 11.06. 04.06. 02.07.
Reporting on the experiments
• for each experiment, you will have to submit a report
• students within one group submit joint reports
• after the experiment, you have 2 weeks for writing the report and
submitting it to the tutor
• the tutor will read the report and usually ask for some revisions /
corrections / additions / changes
• you then have another week to submit a corrected report
• if necessary, you will have to submit a second revision
• should the supervisor still not accept your report, this will be discussed
with the lecturers (A. Richter and C. Mertens). If all else fails, you will have
to take another (additional) experiment
• Only with 4 of your reports having been accepted and with a successful
exam you will get the credit points for this course
• ideally, your report should enable another scientist to set-up a similar experiment, to repeat the measurements and to compare his results with yours
• it should also give the motivation why things have been done the way they were done
• for the purpose of the practical, it should show that you have understood the experiment
• questions to answer in the report:1.What have you done?
1. Title of the experiment; group and name of the students; date
2. Introduction: Short description of the experiment and its objectives
3. Theoretical background: Scientific background on which the experiment is based
4. Experimental set up: Description of the set up used; components and their principle of operation
5. Experimental procedure: Description of each step followed during the experiment, indicating the time and relevant details
6. Data analysis: Description of the data obtained, analysis and conversion procedures applied to obtain the results for interpretation
7. Results and error analysis: Final numerical and graphical results with the corresponding associated error. A detailed description of the error analysis should also be included
8. Discussion of results: Interpretation of the final results in relation to the objectives of the experiment. You can use the questions given in the instructions for the experiment as a guideline
9. Appendix: Raw data in a table, in graphs or in digital form
• Graphical representation of data and results is highly recommended “Ein Bild sagt mehr als 100 Worte”
• All figures must have clear axis labels indicating the quantity plotted and the units used figure captions explaining the contents of the figure figure numbers for reference proper reference and explanation in the text
• figures must be large enough to see all the necessary details• line thickness and symbol sizes must be adequate, colours often help• the ranges used for x and y axis must be appropriate for the range of
values shown• individual measurement points should be shown by symbols• connecting lines should usually be linear, not spline or polynomials • where possible, add error bars
• often, a numerical result is expected from your experiment• all numerical results have to be given with units• checking units often helps to find errors• all results must be accompanied by error estimates• the number of digits given must make sense with the errors:
E = 13.45278456 +-2.54378 W m-2 => E = 13.5 +-2.5 W m-2
E = 3E8 +-2.5 W m-2 => E = 31 786 209 +- 2.5 W m-2
• all results should be put into context e.g.is of expected order of magnitudelies within 5% of the predicted valueis twice as large as expected for clean situations
• form matters!• use section numbering• use clear section headers• use numbering for equations, figures and tables• don’t forget page numbers• before submitting, check your report for
logic completeness grammar and spelling
• submit your report in a binder and not as a staple of sheets• clearly indicate your names, date of the experiment, date of submission of
report on the cover sheet • reports are prepared with a word processor (word, latex, …)• The length of the report is typically 6 – 8 pages