and its contents are subject to change without notice ... · Smart Contract Example - R3 Corda 12 Language: Kotlin, Java Contract Implements Contract interface verify Each transaction

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Project Dovetail™(TIBCO LABS™)Making Smart Contracts Smarter

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Agenda

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• What are Smart Contracts?• Challenges: Smart Contracts on Different Blockchain

Platforms• Project Dovetail: Model-driven Smart Contract Development• Project Dovetail Roadmap



Blockchain/Distributed Ledger Technology

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• A blockchain is essentially a shared accounting ledger that uses cryptography and a network of computers to track assets and secure the ledger from tampering (by Mike Orcutt)

• Blockchain Transaction Rules○ Authorization

■ Public/Private Key Cryptography○ Uniqueness

■ Prevent double-spent problem○ Correctness

■ Smart Contract

https://www.technologyreview.com/profile/mike-orcutt/


What are Smart Contracts?

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• Wikipedia:

Smart contracts are computer protocols intended to facilitate, verify, or enforce the

negotiation or performance of a contract.

• Investopedia:

Smart contracts are self-executing contracts with the terms of the agreement between buyer and seller being directly written into lines of code. The code and the agreements contained therein exist across a distributed, decentralized blockchain network. Smart contracts permit trusted transactions and agreements to be carried out among disparate, anonymous parties without the need for a central authority, legal system, or external enforcement mechanism. They render transactions traceable, transparent, and irreversible.


Properties of A Smart Contract

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● Deterministic○ Smart contract must give the same output to a given input

every single time● Terminable

○ Smart contract can execute its function within a time limit to prevent “halting problem”

● Isolated○ Smart contract runs in an isolated sandbox to save the

entire ecosystem from any negative effects.


Smart Contract Example - Bitcoin

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● Language: Script○ Simple, Stack-based, Processed

left to right○ Not Turing-complete

● Each transaction is a contract○ At least one or more

inputs/outputs○ Input refers an UTXO○ TX(Input) < TX(output)○ Input: data to unlock UTXOs○ Output: locking script

■ P2PKH■ P2SH

○ Can be locked for a period of time


Smart Contract Example - Ethereum

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● Language: Solidity○ Statically typed○ Compiled to EVM bytecode○ Turing-complete

● Smart contracts ○ Is a collection of code (functions) and

data (states) at a specific address on all nodes of the network

○ Invoked by messages sent from external accounts or other contract accounts

○ Runs in EVM■ Does not support non-deterministic

functions■ Isolated■ Uses gas/gas limit to prevent halting


Smart Contract Example - Hyperledger Fabric

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● Language: Go, NodeJS, Java*● Chaincode

○ Implements Chaincode API■ Init■ Invoke

○ Initializes and manages the ledger state through transactions■ GetState■ PutState

○ Installed on endorsing peers of participants of a channel■ Runs in a secured docker container■ Use timer to prevent halting■ Relies on chaincode developer for

deterministic feature


Smart Contract Example - R3 Corda

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● Language: Kotlin, Java● Contract

○ Implements Contract interface ■ verify

○ Each transaction proposal has one or more input/output states■ Each state points to a contract■ All state contracts must be valid

○ Installed only on nodes that store and manage state that is verified by the contract■ Runs in a deterministic sandbox

which has a whitelist that prevents the contract from importing libraries that could be a source of non-determinism


Smart Contract Challenges

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● Different Approaches○ Inputs + Outputs -> Smart Contracts -> True/False

■ Bitcoin■ R3 Corda■ ...

○ Inputs -> Smart Contracts -> Outputs■ Ethereum■ Hyperledger Fabric■ ...

● Different Languages○ Golang, Java, Kotlin, JavaScript…○ Proprietary Languages


Hyperledger Composer

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● Standardize and Speed up Blockchain Application Development○ Modeling Language

■ Assets■ Participants■ Events■ Transactions

○ Transaction Processing Implementation■ Javascript

○ ACL■ Fine-grained access control to assets

○ Query■ SQL-like query definition language

● Platforms Supported○ Hyperledger Fabric


Project Dovetail (TIBCO LABS)Model-driven Smart Contract Development

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● Platform Neutral○ Ledger States/Assets Modeling

■ Support Hyperledger Composer Modeling Language

○ Transaction Processing Modeling■ TIBCO Flogo® Enterprise Studio

● Graphical flow creation● Visual input mapping

○ Command line tool■ Generate/Deploy platform-specific

smart contracts● Project Dovetail Initially Supported

Platforms○ Hyperledger Fabric○ R3 Corda


Project Dovetail (TIBCO LABS)Asset Modeling

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@PrimaryCompositeKey("txn_id,sequence")

asset AuditRecord identified by txn_id {

o String txn_id

o String txn_time

o Integer sequence

o String user_txn_id

o String hash_type

o String hash_value

o String data optional

}

@InitiatedBy("$tx.aidOrg", "aidOrg=true")

transaction CreateProjectPledge {

o String pledgeId

o String name

o String description

o Amount fundsRequired

--> Party aidOrg

--> Party globalCitizen

}


Project Dovetail (TIBCO LABS)Transaction Modeling

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Project Dovetail (TIBCO LABS)Transaction Modeling

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Project Dovetail (TIBCO LABS)Open Source Project

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Global Citizens ChallengeUSE CASE DEMO

RESULTS

• Bullet 1

• Bullet 2

• Bullet 3



Project Dovetail (TIBCO LABS) Roadmap

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• Integrated development and testing environment• Model• Develop• Test• Audit• Deployment

• Governance• Version control• Collaboration among smart contract participants

• Blockchain Integration• API Generation• Eventing


Project Dovetail (TIBCO LABS) Summary

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• Blockchain-Agnostic, Model Driven Approach to Smart Contract Development

• Visual Creation and Editing of Smart Contract Logic• Reduced Risk of Technology Lock-In, with Support for

Customization and Extensions

*Go to Project Dovetail community site for more details

Blockchain-Agnostic, Model Driven Approach to Smart Contract Development

https://community.tibco.com/modules/project-dovetail


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and its contents are subject to change without notice ... · Smart Contract Example - R3 Corda 12 Language: Kotlin, Java Contract Implements Contract interface verify Each transaction

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