Ancient greece citystates

Ancient GreeceWorld History

BY 750 BC• City-State becomes center of Greek

politics• Polis: town, city or village and

surrounding area• Acropolis: fortified place of

refuge; elevated• Citizens

• Adult males: citizens with political rights

• Women & children: citizens without political rights

• Noncitizens: slaves

•Ancient GreeceRise of City-States

• From 750-550 BC Greeks establish colonies throughout the region; although new colony usually independent from the founding polis

• Factors for colonization• Good farmland• Trade

•Ancient GreeceColonization

• Spread of Greek culture & ideas (political)• Increased trade and industry

• Export pottery, wine, olive oil• Import timber, wheat, metals, slaves

• New “wealthy” class• Growth of economy; rise of wealth from trade• Not the landed aristocracy• Rise of political competition

Impact of Colonies•Ancient Greece

• The “new” wealthy class brought change to political system• Aristocracy vs. “new” wealthy class of traders

• Greek Tyrants• Not tyrant as “our” meaning (oppressive)• Were rulers that seized power by force from the aristocracy• Supported by the “new” rich and peasant classes • Gained and kept power by force (hired soldiers)

• End of Greek Tyranny• Ended rule of aristocrats but also violated Greek belief in rule of law• Allowed for development of government

• Democracy and oligarchy

Rise of Tyrants•Ancient Greece

SPARTA AND ATHENS

Sparta Athens

COMPARISON

•Ancient GreeceSparta and Athens

Sparta Athens

Comparison•Ancient Greece

City-States

Militaristic

State Control

Oligarchy

Democracy

Colonization

conquered

Personal Liberty

Gender roles

Enemy of Persia

• Greece vs. Persia • Athens• Sparta• Darius (and then Xerxes)

• Immediate Causes• Persia conquered Ionia (settled by Greeks)• Ionia revolts– Athens supports/aids the revolt• Persia defeats the revolt but holds Athens accountable

The Persian Wars•Ancient Greece

• 490 BC• 10,000 Athenians• 25,000 Persians• Darius (Persia)• Pheidippides

• 480 BC• 300 Spartans hold the

pass for 3 days• Xerxes (Persia)

• Salamis & Plataea• Persian Ships defeated

in small channel• Plataea 479 BC

•Ancient GreecePersia Wars

• Nationalism• Rise in Greek Pride--- they defeated Persia!• Only brief

• United Greek• Sense of unity from Persian Wars• 478 BC Establishment of Delian League

• Athenian Golden Age • Rise of Athens as the #1 City-State• Age of Pericles 461-429 BC

Consequences/ Results of Persian Wars•Ancient Greece