Ancient Egypt

ANCIENT EGYPTChapter 2

BELLRINGER FOR 9/4/12 Write down each of these statements,

then write if it is true or false The Nile River is the longest river in the

world. Upper Egypt is in the north part of the

country. Unskilled workers made up the largest

social class in early Egypt. Early Egyptians spent a lot of time on

their roof.

Section 1

THE NILE VALLEY

A MIGHTY RIVER Egypt Nile River Delta Sahara “Red Land”

THE RIVER PEOPLE Flooding Kemet Shadoof Papyrus hieroglyphics

A UNITED EGYPT The Rise of Government Narmer/Menes Dynasty

EARLY EGYPTIAN LIFE Social Classes

FAMILY LIFE Father Mother Children

BELLRINGER FOR 9/6/12 What are the four natural barriers that

protect Egypt? How would each of these help to keep the Egyptians safe from invasion?

Answer in 3-5 sentences

Section 2

EGYPT’S OLD KINGDOM

OLD KINGDOM RULERS Pharaoh

EGYPT’S RELIGION Deities

Re Hapi Isis Osiris

LIFE AFTER DEATH The Book of the Dead Embalming Mummy Medicine

Spell 156 (to be recited when an amulet of red carnelian is placed on the mummy's neck during the wrapping process):

"You have power, O his! You have magic, O his! This amulet is a protection for this Great one. It will drive away those who would perpetrate evil against him!"

Three statements from Spell 125 (the most famous of the spells, it is recited when the mummy must receive its final judgment; the entire spell is rather long and is addressed to Osiris and 42 gods; the spell itself is divided into two main parts: an Introductory statement and the 42-item Declaration of Innocence, each item indicating a wrong that the dead person did not do while alive):

"'O Bone-Breaker who comes from Heliopolis, I have not told lies...

O Green Flame who comes from Memphis, I have not stolen food...

O Nefertem who comes from Memphis, I have not done any wrong, I have witnessed no crime...."

THE PYRAMIDS Pyramid The Great Pyramid

Section 4

THE CIVILIZATION OF KUSH

NUBIA Kush savannas

THE KINGDOM OF KERMA Stronger villages took over weaker

ones Developed close ties to Egypt

Ivory, gold, and slaves

WHY DID EGYPT INVADE NUBIA? Thutmose III 50 year war Nubians adopt Egyptian ways

Religion Hieroglyphics

THE RISE OF KUSH 850 BC Napata Kashta 750 BC Piye 728

IMPORTANCE OF IRON 600s BC, Assyrians invade Egypt

Kick out Kushites Kushites learned iron making 1st African nation to devote to iron

making

A NEW CAPITAL 540 BC

Meroe Trade