Anatomy of The Heart Cholester ol Tests and Treatments Malfunctions Cardiac Conduction 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400
Jan 11, 2016
Anatomy ofThe Heart
Cholesterol Tests and Treatments
Malfunctions Cardiac Conduction
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How many chambers are in the heart? What are they called?
4; Left Atrium, Left Ventricle, Right Atrium, Right Ventricle
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Which chamber is the most muscular and why?
Left ventricle; It pumps blood throughout the body
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Where does blood enter the heart?
Superior and Inferior Vena Cavas,
Pulmonary veins
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Name the valves of the heart
Bicuspid, Tricuspid, Pulmonary, Aortic
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Draw the flow of blood through the heart
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What is the optimal range of LDL and HDL?
LDL: <100HDL: >60
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From what foods can you get (un)saturated fats?
Saturated fat- found in animals products, processed food, meats,
dairy, chips, and pastriesUnsaturated fat- found in nuts
avocados, and olives
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What causes high cholesterol?
Environmental causes- bad diet and lack of exercise
Genetic causes- having FH (Familial Cholesterolemia)
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Name 3/5 functions of cholesterol
Produces bile acidsPrecursor to all natural steroids
Precursor to Vitamin DLimiting factor in brain synapses
Critical component in cell membranes
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Compare and Contrast LDL and HDL
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LDL HDLFull Name
Low Density Lipoproteins High Density Lipoproteins
Size Larger (carry more cholesterol)
Smaller (carry more proteins)
Myth Bad Cholesterol Good CholesterolReality Transports cholesterol to
the cells as necessary to function
Removes excess cholesterol from the blood stream to the liver- converted to bile acids
Risk High LDL Low HDLOptimal <100 >60
Where can you easily find a pulse?BE SPECIFIC
Wrist - RadialNeck – Carotid
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What is blood pressure?What is used to test it?
The pressure exerted on arterial walls from the movement of blood
A sphygmomanometer
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What do electrocardiograms test?
EKGs measure the movement of electricity as it flows through the heart
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List the interventions for atherosclerosis
~Angioplasty~Stenting
~Coronary Bypass
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What does MAP measure?
Adequacy of blood getting to vital organs
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What is angina and heart murmur?
Angina – chest painHeart murmur – irregular
heartbeat
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What is myocardial infarction?
The death of heart tissue(heart attack)
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What is hypertension?
Abnormally high blood pressure
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What is atherosclerosis?
Build up of plaque on arterial walls
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What is Familial Hypercholesterolemia?
A genetic disorder that causes cholesterol level to be severely
high
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What do “SA” and “AV” stand for?
Sinoatrial and Atrioventricular
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Label EKG
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What happens at each point?
P– Atrial contractionQRS– Ventricular contractionT– Ventricular repolarization
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Name the parts of the conduction system
SA Node, AV Node, Purkinje Fibers
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How many times does the heart beat a year?
35 million beats per year
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