Anatomy of the Eye

MAULA RIFADA

DEPARTMENT OF OPTHALMOLOGYFACULTY OF MEDICINE

UNIVERSITAS PADJADJARANCICENDO EYE HOSPITAL

Anatomy & Physiology of the Eye

Orbital Anatomy

Orbital Anatomy

Orbital Anatomy

Paranasal Sinuses

Extraocular Muscle

Landmark of External Eye

Eyelid

Lacrimal System

Anatomy of the Eyeball

Anatomy of the Eyeball

The Conjunctiva

Divided into 3 geographical zone1. Conjunctiva palpebra (cover lid’s inner suface)2. Conjunctiva fornices3. Conjunctiva bulbi (cover anterior part or eyeball)

The Cornea

Consist of 5 layers:1. Epithelium2. Bowman’s membrane3. Stroma or substantia propia (90% of corneal thickness)4. Descemet’s membrane5. Endothelium (primary mechanism for controlling stromal hydration)

The Cornea

Cover the anterior part of the eyeballJunction between the cornea and the sclera

limbusVery richly supplied with nerve fibers derived

from trigeminal nerve & has no blood vessels

The epithelium continuation of conjunctivaThe stroma continuation of scleraHelps focus image on the retina

Sclera

Layer of dense connective tissue collagen fibers & fibroblast

Cover the entire eyeball except cornea

Uvea

The middle layer of the eyeballThe uveal tract consist of 3 parts

1. the iris2. ciliary body3. the choroid

Iris

•The colored portion of the eyeball

•Suspended between the cornea and the lens

•Contain melanin

•Regulate the amount of light entering the eyeball the pupil

Ciliary Body

Contain melaninConsist of ciliary processes & ciliary muscleExtending from ciliary processes zonular

fibers attach to the lensCiliary muscle changes the tightness of the

zonular fibers alters the shape of the lens near or far vision

Choroid

Highly vascularizedLines most of the

internal surface of the sclera

Provide nutrients to the posterior surface of the retina

Lens

BiconvexLens capsule & lens fiber crystallins

proteinNucleusZonular fibers (Zonula Zinii)Helps focus the image on the retina

Retina

Retina

Retina

Aqueous Humor & Vitreous

Aqueous humor watery fluid nourishes the lens and cornea

Vitreous jellylike substance that hold the retina flush against the choroid

Aqueous Humor Regulation

SCHEMATIC OF

VISUAL PATHWAY

SCHEMATIC OF VISUAL PATHWAY

Image Formation