Anatomy of Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes • Prokaryotic Cell Structure • Cell size, shapes, and arrangements • Parts of a Prokaryotic Cell • Glycocalyx: slime layer or capsule • Fimbriae and sex pilus, flagella • Cell wall and plasma membrane (g+, g-, mycobacteria, archaebacteria) • Plasma membrane and material transport; osmosis • Nuclear Area (Nucleoid), Plasmids, Ribosomes • Endospores • Eukaryotic Cell Structure • Cytoplasm (open streets and city squares) • Nucleus (library) • Ribosomes (construction factories) • Internal membrane System: ER, Golgi, Lysosomes • Mitochondria (power station) • Chloroplasts (food synthesis factory) • Cytoskeleton (pulling ropes,& lumber)
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Anatomy of Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes Prokaryotic Cell Structure Cell size, shapes, and arrangements Parts of a Prokaryotic Cell Glycocalyx: slime layer.
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Anatomy of Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes• Prokaryotic Cell Structure
• Cell size, shapes, and arrangements
• Parts of a Prokaryotic Cell
• Glycocalyx: slime layer or capsule
• Fimbriae and sex pilus, flagella
• Cell wall and plasma membrane (g+, g-, mycobacteria, archaebacteria)
• Plasma membrane and material transport; osmosis
• Nuclear Area (Nucleoid), Plasmids, Ribosomes
• Endospores • Eukaryotic Cell Structure
• Cytoplasm (open streets and city squares)
• Nucleus (library)
• Ribosomes (construction factories)
• Internal membrane System: ER, Golgi, Lysosomes
• Mitochondria (power station)
• Chloroplasts (food synthesis factory)
• Cytoskeleton (pulling ropes,& lumber)
Plasma or Cell Membrane
Figure 4.14a
Types of Transport Across a Selectively Permeable Cell Membrane
Osmosis and Water Balance in Cells
• Osmosis is the passive transport of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
• Water moves across a membrane from high concentration (high purity) to low concentration (low purity)
Figure 4.18c-e
Osmosis: Water Moving From High Purity to Low Purity
Bacterial growth media is made to be isotonic with cells ( ~ 1% dissolved substances)
(outside) (outside)
Anatomy of Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes• Prokaryotic Cell Structure
• Cell size, shapes, and arrangements
• Parts of a Prokaryotic Cell
• Glycocalyx: slime layer or capsule
• Fimbriae and sex pilus, flagella
• Cell wall and plasma membrane (g+, g-, mycobacteria, archaebacteria)
• Plasma membrane and material transport; osmosis
• Nuclear Area (Nucleoid), Plasmids, Ribosomes
• Endospores, Cytoskeleton
• Eukaryotic Cell Structure• Cytoplasm (open streets and city squares)
• Nucleus (library)
• Ribosomes (construction factories)
• Internal membrane System: ER, Golgi, Lysosomes
• Mitochondria (power station)
• Chloroplasts (food synthesis factory)
• Cytoskeleton (pulling ropes,& lumber)
Inclusions and Other Membranes
Figure 4.6a
Inclusion
Nucleoid (Nuclear Area)
Plasmid
Ribosomes
Figure 4.19
Ribosomes from eukaryotes are larger and constructed differently