Anatomy of Images

8/7/2019 Anatomy of Images

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` A beautiful media element

` Represents information that is need to be seen

and perceived

` A picture speaks a thousand words


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` When placing images in multimedia application, it

is important to have a good understanding of what

images are

` Image can be classified into two: Raster Image

Vector Image


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` A raster image is composed of a mosaic of colored

squares called pixels or (picture element)


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` Each pixel has a color value. Pixels can display on

to million of colors.

` Each pixels color value is stored in the file.


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` Image dimension is reflected in the width and

height of an image

` We commonly measure images by inches like

3x5(3R) or 4X6 (4R). But these measures aresuitable for photo printing

` For digital images, we measure dimensions in

pixels. (1024px by 860px)


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` The resolutions describes how clear the image

appears on screen or on print Screen Resolution is defined as the number of pixels per

inch or PPL

Print Resolution is defined as the number of dots per inch

or DPI

` Increasing of the PPI/DPI leads to a higher

resolution image


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` Higher resolution leads to a higher image quality

` High Quality images are clearer and have more

details visible


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` Low Resolution Images get distorted when they

are enlarged.

` Distortion happens because the pixels are being

stretched` Enlarging picture does not increase resolution


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` High Resolution Images do not distorted when

they are enlarged


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` The file size of an image increases as the

resolution increases

` It is important to find balance between resolution

and the file size


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` Raster Images are best used in multimedia

applications if you need to show an actual, real,

evidence of something or someone


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` The most common image file formats include: JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)

x Pronounced as Jay-peg

x Capable of displaying millions of colors at once

GIF (Graphics Interchange Format)

x Pronounced as Jif

x Can be stored at maximum of 256 colors


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PNG (Portable Network Graphic)

x The PNG file format is a higher resolution image created as

an alternative to GIF to support transparency

TIFF (Tagged Image File Format)

x File is owned by Adobe Systems

x A common format used with image scanning


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` A vector graphic is comprised of objects (shapes,

lines, ovals, curves etc.)

` Each object in the image is defined by a path


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` Objects have stroke and fill properties

` Stroke (or outline) properties apply to the path of

an object

` Fill properties apply to the area enclosed by thepath


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` Weight Property refers to the line thickness, typically measured

in points

`

Color Property describes the color of the line

` Style Property shows the different stroke styles like solid line,

dashed line, or dotted line.


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` Color Property describes the color of the object

` Gradient

Property describes the direction of the gradient colorsapplied to the object whether linear, radial or rectangular.

` Texture Property describes the design of the texture applied on

the object whether moss, crumpled or woody.


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` It is common for vector graphic designers to start

with the outline drawing before coloring the

graphic


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` Programs that operate on Raster Images include

Adobe Photoshop and MS Paint

` Programs that operate on Vector images include

Adobe Illustrator, Macromedia Freehand, andCorel Draw.


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` Vectors graphic are best used in multimedia

applications when you need to: Represent a brand (logos)

Show something at a dissected view (parts of the heart)

Show something that cannot be captured by a digital

camera (Planets, SolarSystem)

Show cartoon drawings

Represent a space with a map

Show creative illustraions


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` The most common VectorGraphic format include: AI (Adobe Illustrator File)

x AI is a file drawn / colored in Adobe Illustrator.

SVG (Scalable VectorGraphic)

x SVG files are quite complex programmed files in XML.

x This files usually require a special player to be viewed


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` Vector Images created in AI orSVG format are not

compatible for use in multimedia applications or

the Web

` Most designers would save digitally createdgraphics as JPEG or PNG (for transparency)


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` Capture yourOwn

` Online image galleries


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` The only way to capture digital images is with a

digital cameras Point and Shoot Digital Cameras

Digital Single Lens Reflex Camera (DSLR)


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` These are compact, small and portable, and

suitable for casual and snapshoot use

` Images are store in JPEG format

` Features Resolution of 3 megapixels to 15 megapixels

Built in Flash

Memory card slot for external storage

Live preview on an LCD screen to frame the photo Autofocus, macro, and zoom capability

Self-Timer


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` Film Camera are also be useful, but images would

still have to be processed and scanned to become

a digital form.

` Digital Cameras are more advantageous over filmcameras Displaying images on a screen immediately

Storing thousands of images on a single small memory

device

Previewing what has been stored

Deleting image to free storage space

Basic image manipulation and editing features


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` SLRs are more expensive, heavier and bigger but

give better resolution, quality and focus.

` SLRs have a faster shutter speed. It does not

have much of a delay when clicking several snapsconsecutively.

` SLRs allow you to change lenses according to

what you need to shoot

Landscape photos wide-angle lens Pugs and Flowers macro lens

Animals tele-photo lens


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` SLRs take high quality photos even in low lighting

(without the flash)

` Taking pictures is within your control if you use an

SLR


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` Webcam

` Mobile Phones

` Spy Cameras

` Surveillance Cameras` Video Cameras


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` www.everystockphoto.com

` www.gettyimages.com

` www.fotosearch.com

` www.flickr.com` www.istockphoto.com

` www.photos.com

` www.bigstockphoto.com

` www.stockvault.com

` www.shutterstock.com


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` Image editing is the process of altering images

with an image editor software

` Raster images can be edited. Their pixels contain

the images color and brightness information` Image editors can change the pixels to enhance

the image in many ways

` Vector graphics software are used to create and

modify vector images


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` Straightening

` Cropping

` Adjusting brightness and contrast

` Removing Red-Eye

` Adjusting Color Modes

` Adjusting Saturation

` Adjusting Temperature

` Adjusting Exposure

` Blur and Sharpen Effects

` Photo Manipulation

Anatomy of Images

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