Anatomy and Physiology for Veterinary Technicians and · PDF fileA John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Publication llustrations by Robin Sternberg, LVT Anatomy and Physiology for Veterinary...

Anatomy and Physiology for Veterinary Technicians and NursesA Clinical Approach

WebsiteThis book is accompanied by a companion website:

www.wiley.com/go/sturtz

The website includes:

• The figures from the book for downloading into PowerPoint• Additional questions and answers• Labeling quizzes• Teaching PowerPoints• A dissection video

A John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Publication

llustrations by Robin Sternberg, LVT

Anatomy and Physiology for Veterinary Technicians and NursesA Clinical Approach

Robin Sturtz, DVMAssociate Professor, Associate Director, Veterinary Technology Program, Mercy College, Dobbs Ferry, NYAssociate Veterinarian, The Cat Hospital, Williston Park, NY

Lori Asprea, LVTBachelor of Science, Mercy College

This edition first published 2012 © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataSturtz, Robin.

Anatomy and physiology for veterinary technicians and nurses : a clinical approach / Robin Sturtz, Lori Asprea.

p. cm.Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-0-8138-2264-8 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Veterinary anatomy. 2. Veterinary physiology. I. Asprea, Lori. II. Title.

SF761.S87 2012636.0892–dc23

2012012163

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1 2012

Dr. Sturtz would like to thank LVTs Asprea and Sternberg and dedicates this book to her students, teachers, family and pets, which should about cover it.

Lori Asprea (coauthor, photography) thanks her mother and father, sister, and entire family; Mercy College and the Vet Tech Department; and, of course, Robin Sturtz and the animals. Without them, this book would be very boring. I would like to dedicate this book to my family, who has endlessly supported my ambitions.

Robin Sternberg (illustrations) thanks Drs. Jennifer Chaitman, Anthony Pilny, and Eveline Han, and would like to dedicate this book to Dr. Jennifer Chaitman—my mentor, my friend, and my inspiration.

Preface ixAcknowledgments x

SECTION 1 ANATOMYCHAPTER 1 DIRECTIONAL TERMS 3

CHAPTER 2 THE COMMON INTEGUMENT 6

CHAPTER 3 SKELETAL ANATOMY 10

CHAPTER 4 MUSCLE ANATOMY 21

CHAPTER 5 THE ANATOMY OF JOINTS 32

CHAPTER 6 ANATOMY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 36

CHAPTER 7 ANATOMY OF THE URINARY TRACT 41

CHAPTER 8 CARDIOVASCULAR ANATOMY 45

CHAPTER 9 ANATOMY OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 53

CHAPTER 10 ANATOMY OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM 61

CHAPTER 11 RESPIRATORY ANATOMY 65

CHAPTER 12 REPRODUCTIVE ANATOMY 69

SECTION 2 PHYSIOLOGYCHAPTER 13 THE CELL 75

CHAPTER 14 FUNCTIONS OF THE COMMON INTEGUMENT 78

CHAPTER 15 OSTEOLOGY 84

CHAPTER 16 MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY 88

CHAPTER 17 SENSORY PHYSIOLOGY 92

CHAPTER 18 NEUROPHYSIOLOGY 97

CHAPTER 19 RENAL PHYSIOLOGY 102

CHAPTER 20 CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY 106

CHAPTER 21 DIGESTIVE PHYSIOLOGY 112

CHAPTER 22 ENDOCRINE PHYSIOLOGY 118

CHAPTER 23 RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY 124

CHAPTER 24 REPRODUCTIVE PHYSIOLOGY 131

Appendices1. DissectionNotes 1352. TheCranialNerves 1363. SelectedMuscleOriginsandInsertions 137

Answers 138Glossary 142References 145Index 146

Contents

vii

Companion website

This book is accompanied by a companion website:www.wiley.com/go/sturtz

Preface

The authors and the illustrator have all been students as well as teachers of veterinary science. We have long talked about putting together a book that reflects how we think about the subjects of anatomy and physiology. For one thing, we sought to have the anatomy and the physiology portions of the book as two separate sections. In some veterinary technology programs, anatomy and physiology are actually taught as separate courses. Even when they are combined, it can be more helpful to build on the founda-tion of a complete understanding of the anatomy in order to understand the complexity of physiology.

We all agree that adding clinical scenarios makes the informa-tion more interesting and, thus, easier to remember. Anatomy and physiology are not part of our curriculum for the sake of theory. The aim of the study of these topics is to be able to apply this knowledge to daily practice in a clinic, hospital, or research facility.

In this first edition, there are materials that have no doubt been excluded that might have been included, or concepts that were included but do not strike the readers as interesting to the same level that the authors find them to be. We fervently hope that this work will be of use. We hope equally as much that you, the reader, will let us know what information you would like added or subtracted as we move forward. Please note that any errors are solely the responsibility of Dr. Sturtz.

We hope that you find this book worthwhile, not only for current study but also for frequent reference. There are also online components that will be of help for people who learn best with visual images rather than written narrative.

Robin SturtzLori Asprea

ix

Acknowledgments

It is absolutely impossible to write and illustrate a book like this without the support and guidance of dozens of people. It is pos-sible to go on for pages of excruciating detail thanking everyone who has helped us with this project. However, in deference to the reader, we shall endeavor to be brief.

The guidance of our teachers has sustained us and carried us to this moment. We thank the faculty and staff at all of the col-leges we have attended (the authors have Mercy College in Dobbs Ferry, New York, in common). We thank our family and friends for their tremendous forbearance. We particularly thank our students for their enthusiasm, their patience, and their encouragement, not to mention their perfect timing when it comes to asking that one last question . . .

Our good friends at John Wiley & Sons are, of course, the ones who made this all happen. To Nancy and all of the editorial wizards there, our deepest gratitude.

Dr. Sturtz would like to honor a few special people: Professors Buell, Burke, and Burke at Mercy College; Drs. C. Brown, S. Brown, P. Carmichael, and S. Allen at The University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine; friends and colleagues at La Guardia Community College, Mercy College, and The Cat Hos-pital; the veterinary Bregman family; Kim, Ceasar, Judy, Glen, and Jon, and a whole host of others. Kudos to Elaine Sturtz for last-minute artwork. (Yay mom!) If I’ve met you, count your-self in.

And, of course, we all thank our pets, who could probably write this book just as well as we did, but who preferred to sit back and laugh at us while we did it. Good going, pets!

R.S.L.A.

x

Anatomy and Physiology for Veterinary Technicians and NursesA Clinical Approach

SECTION 1ANATOMY