Anaphora, Relational Nouns, and other Semantic Issues

EL FILI

EL FILI

INTERSENTENTIAL

ANAPHORA

INTRASENTENTIAL

ANAPHORA

LOCAL

DOMAINNoun-phrase and Sentence Siblings of an NP or Sentence

Si Ibarra ay nakipagusap sa sarili.

NP

NP

S

V

VP

C-COMMANDAn NP/S’s Siblings and their sibling’s Children and grandchildren

him

NP

NP

PP

Lenard saw Sheldon’s movie about

NNP

NP

V P

VP

CNP

S

BOUND

Interpretation of a pronoun being Bounded by a universal quantifier

the table

NP

NP

PP

Every boy saw his book above

NNP

NP

V P

VP

CNP

SVARIABLE

Sheldon looked at himself.

PP

Sheldon looked at himself

NPP

NP V

VP

S

* A reflexive pronoun must refer to an NP that C-Commands it and is in the same local domain

Neil asked Mozzie if the feds asked about him.

* A nonreflexive pronoun cannot refer to a C-commanding NP within the same local domain.

him

NP

PP

PP

Neil askedMozzie Burke about

NP

NP

NP

VP

S

S

if asked

V

VP

P

VP

NP

Every boy saw his book on the table.

* Bound Variable Constraint: A non-reflexive pronoun may be bound to the variable of a

universally quantified NP only if the NP C-Commands the pronoun

PP

Every boy saw his

book

the table

NPN

P

NP V

S

on

P

VP

NP

Nang sabihin niyang walang papasok malibankay Basilio, pumasok ang binata.

* A nonpronominal NP cannot co-refer with an NP that C-commands it.

* Maria Clara said to himself that it can speak in English.

* Two co-referential noun phrases must agree in number, gender, and person.

LO

GIC

AL

F

OR

M

Nagkulong si Simoun sa kanyang silid.

LO

GIC

AL

F

OR

M

LO

GIC

AL

F

OR

M

Si Ibarra ay pumasok sa silid pagkatapos tingnan ni Maria Clara ang mukha ng sarili.

LO

GIC

AL

F

OR

M

LO

GIC

AL

F

OR

M

Ang lahat ng mga estudyante ay nagsipagalisan sa kanyang klase.

LO

GIC

AL

F

OR

M

*

Intersective Adjectives

Subsective AdjectivesNON-INTERSECTIVE

Set-Property AdjectivesNON-INTERSECTIVE

<THE p1 (& (PEN p1) (BLUE p1) ) >

Logical Form

<THE p1 ((SMART1 CHILD1) p1) >

<THE d1 ((SMART1 DOG1) d1) >

Logical Form

<THE f1 ((FORMER (SET(λ a (ARCHITECT a) ))) f1) >(CNP SEM (?semadj (SET ?semcnp))) (ADJ ATYPE SET-PROPERTY SEM ?semadj) CNP SEM ?semcnp)

Logical Form

Comparative Adjectives

Happy Scale

(λ x ( (MORE HAPPY-SCALE) x (NAME j1 “Bart”)))(NAME l1 “Lisa”)

=((MORE HAPPY-SCALE) (NAME l1 “Lisa”)(NAME j1 “Bart”))

Logical Form

(ADJP SEM λ x (?semadjp x ?semnp)) (ADJP ATYPE COMPARATIVE SEM ?semadjp) (THAN) (NP SEM ?semnp)

~

RELATIONALNOUNS

Nouns that are defined based on their relations to

others.

“Ina ng sanggol” “Kapatid ni Auring”

SISTER OF xA person that is a sister of x.

AUTHOR

A person that is an author of

something

STR

ATE

GY

LOG

ICA

LF

OR

M

(λ b λ p ( & (PERSON p)

(AUTHOR-OF b p)))

<THE b1 BOOK>

(λ p ( & (PERSON p)

(AUTHOR-OF

<THE b1 BOOK> p))

LOGICALFORM

(PAST (WAVE1 w1

<THE a2 (& (PERSON a2)

(AUTHOR-OF (PRO b2 REL-N1) a2)) >

(PRO u2 US1)))

LOGICALFORM

<THE p1 (MURDER1 m1

[AGENT p1]

[THEME (NAME j1 “John”)])>

NOMINALIZATION

QUICKEXAMPLE

<THE d1 (DESTROY d1

[AGENT <THE h1 HUNS1>]

[THEME <A c1 CITY1>])>

(A m1 : (MAN m1)(PRES (BELIEVE b1

*EXPERIENCER (NAME j1 “JOHN”)+[THEME

(PAST (KISS k1 m1 (NAME s1 “Sue”)))+)))

(PRES (BELIEVE b1*EXPERIENCER (NAME j1 “John”)+[THEME (PAST (A m1 : (MAN m1)

(KISS k1 m1 (NAME s1 “Sue”)))+))

<THE p1 (&(PERSON p1) (WIN w1 p1 <THE c1 CONTEST>))>

<THE b1 ((N-N-MOD SMOKE1 BOX) b1)>