ANALYSIS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES WITH OCCUWNCE OF DISCRl3TE CRACKS AT ARBITRARY POSITONS J. Blaauwendraad, H.J. Grootenboer Rijkswaterstaat, the Netherlands A.L. Bouma, H.W. Reinhardt Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands SUMMARY A nonlinear analysis of in-plane loaded plates is presented, which elimi- nates the disadvantages of the smeared crack approach. The paper discusses the elements used and the computational method. An example is shown in which one or more discrete cracks are dominant. 1. INTRODUCTION In reinforced and prestressed concrete structures the post cracking be- haviour, the collapse mechanism and the magnitude of the failure load are in most cases highly determined by the system of cracks that develops in the concrete. It is therefore not surprising that in finite element programs for the analysis of the nonlinear behaviour of concrete structures, besides the modelling of the constitutive relations, considerable attention is devoted to the inclusion in these programs of the occurrence of concrete cracks. In the literature two methods of schematizing the cracks are to be distinguished, namely: a method based on the possibility of discrete cracks along the bound- aries of the elements and a method in which the cracks are assumed to be distributed over the element or over parts thereof. Each method has certain advantages and disadvantages. The aim of the reported study was to develop a model in which the advantages of both methods were combined (ref. 1). The model has been set up for the analysis of two-dimensional in-plane loaded reinforced or prestressed concrete structures. In the model are considered the various types of nonlinear material time-independent and time-dependent behaviour, the performance of the boundary layer between steel and concrete and the occurrence of discrete cracks within the structure. The model is based on the finite element approach. For describing the structure two types of elements have been developed: a triangular thin plate element for schematizing the concrete.and a bar element for describing the reinforcing steel or prestressing steel plus the bond zone with the sur- rounding concrete. Both these elements are based on the hybrid method with (what has been called) natural boundary displacements. It is characteristic of these elements that the stresses at their boundaries are always in equilibrium with one another and with the internal loading.
ANALYSIS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES WITH OCCUWNCE OF DISCRl3TE CRACKS AT ARBITRARY POSITONS
Jun 14, 2023
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