Analysis of Power Struggle used by President Barackabstrak.ta.uns.ac.id/wisuda/upload/C0311024_pendahuluan.pdfAnalysis of Power Struggle used by President Barack ... The researcher

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Analysis of Power Struggle used by President Barack

Obama on Barack Obama’s Interviews

(A Critical Discourse Analysis Approach)

THESIS

Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment for Requirements

For The Sarjana Sastra Degree in English Department

Faculty of Cultural Science

Sebelas Maret University

By

Janati Mila Markhamah

C0311024

FACULTY OF CULTURAL SCIENCES

SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY

SURAKARTA

2015

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PRONOUNCEMENT

The researcher honestly declares that the thesis Analysis of Power Struggle used by

President Barack Obama on Barack Obama’s Interviews (A Critical Discourse Analysis

Approach) is not a plagiarism. The thesis is originally written by the researcher. All of

the information which relates to the other people’s works are written in quotation and

stated in the bibliography.

If the pronouncement is proven to be incorrect, the researcher will be ready to accept

any academic consequence and penalty, including the cancellation of the thesis and

academic degree obtained from completing the thesis and study.

Surakarta, July 2015

Janati Mila Markhamah

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MOTTOS

“Family is the best motivator in my life”

-Janati Mila

“Work and pray”

-My beloved father and mother

“There is a way”

-Ryan Erwanda

“Work hard and make it real!!”

-Mario Teguh

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DEDICATION

I sincerely present this thesis for

My beloved father and mother, who always support my whole day, give loves

and pray for never ending. I love you so bad!

My sister, Mira, Zahra and Zula thanks for always cherish my whole day, I

love being your sister. I love you so bad!

My lovely man, Ryan Erwanda, who always gives me support, correction for

my grammar, everything I cannot mention, and always by my side through my

ups and downs. I love you!

My second family mama Yeti and my bro, who always give me

accommodation with Wi-Fi and everything I cannot list. I love you!

My ladies friends; Rindu, Rendot, Yaro, Yayak, Festa, Haniek, Ipeh, Linda

Thanks for cherishing my day, support, togetherness. I love you lays!

Way To Go. Thanks sister and brother. Rendot, Yaro, Yayak, Festa, Ryan,

Erwin, Julio, Lukas, Dhika, Hafid. Thanks for being my adventure friend. I

love you gals!

Members of English Department 2011, thanks for being my family

education. I love you gals!

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Alhamdulillahirobil’alamin, I would like to express gratitude to Allah S.W.T for

the blessing andthe guidance so that this thesis entitled Analysis of Power Struggle used

by President Barack Obama on Barack Obama’s Interviews (A Critical Discourse

Analysis Approach) could finally be finished.

Honestly, I realize that I cannot complete my internship report by myself. I had

been completely supported by many people. Thus, I would like to give my deepest

gratitude to those who helped me in completing my thesis.

1. Prof. Drs. Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed, Ph.D as the Dean of Faculty of Cultural

Science for giving the approval for this thesis.

2. Drs. Agus Hari Wibowo, M.A., Ph.D. as the Head of English Department for

supporting the finishing of this thesis.

3. Dr. Tri Wiratno, M.A. as my thesis consultant for guiding me accomplishing

this thesis. Thank you for the patience and suggestion to assist me in

finishing this thesis.

4. Dra. Diah Kristina, M.A., Ph.D. as my academic supervisor for the assistance

during my study. Thank you for the guidance and support during my study in

Sebelas Maret University.

5. All the lectures English Department, who had taught me, thank you for

giving guidance during my study.

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6. The best motivators. My beloved father and mother. Thank you so much for

never ending love, faith, support and pray. I love you.

7. My lovely sister, cousin and niece; Mira, Zahra, Zula, Anas, Rohma, Ais,

Zaid and Ziad. Thank you for caring and cheering my whole day.

8. My lovely one. Ryan Erwanda. I love you. Thank you for caring, support,

and always by my side through my ups and downs.

9. My second family. Mama Yeti, and my bro. I love you Thank you for caring

and support me all the time.

10. My ladies and adventures friend; Rini, Reni, Yulia, Zahra, Festa, Julio,

Lukas, Erwin, Dhika, Hafid. you are all the best gals. Thank you for being

my precious part of my life.

11. Members of English Department 2011. Keep Spirit. Thank you for being part

of my life.

I realize that this research is not perfect. Therefore, I accept some advice and

criticism in order to make it better. Finally, I wish this research paper would be useful

for all readers.

Surakarta, July 2015

The researcher

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE ……………………………………………………………………………… i

APPROVAL OF THE CONSULTANT …...…………………………………….. ii

APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS ……………………………... iii

PRONOUNCEMENT ……..……….….…………………………………………... iv

MOTTO …………………………………………………………………………….. v

DEDICATION ……………………………………………………………………… vi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT …………………………………………………………. vii

TABLE OF CONTENTS …………….….…………………………………………. ix

LIST OF FIGURES …………………………………….…………………………... xii

LIST OF TABLES ………………………………………………………………… xiii

ABSTRACT ……………………………………………………………………….... xiv

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION

A. Research Background ……………………...……………………………… 1

B. Problem Statement ……….…………………………………………….. 4

C. Research Objectives ……………………………………………………… 4

D. Research Benefits ……………………………………………………… 5

E. Research Limitation ……………………………………………………… 5

F. Thesis Organization ……………………………………………………… 5

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CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW

A. Critical Discourse Analysis …………………………………………………… 7

1. Power Struggle ……..……………………………………………………. 10

2. Power in Discourse ………………………………………………………. 11

3. Power behind Discourse ………………………………………………….. 12

4. Three Stages of Critical Discourse Analysis ……………………………. 14

5. Linguistic Evidence ………………………………………………………. 24

B. Interview …………………………………………………………………….. 26

C. International Political theory ………………………………………………… 27

D. Review of Related Studies ………………………………………………… 28

CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

A. Research Design ….…………………………………………………….. 30

B. Research Location ……….….…………………...……………………….. 32

C. Source Data and Data …………………………………………................ 33

D. Sampling ………………………………………….............................. 34

E. Technique of Collecting Data ……………………………………………. 35

F. Technique of Analyzing Data ……………………………………………. 35

CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS

A. Introduction ……..………………………………………………………....... 37

B. Data Analysis ..…………………………………………………………....... 38

C. Discussion ……….………………………………………………………...... 100

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CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

A. Conclusion .……………………….……………………………………….. 108

B. Recommendation ………………………………………………………...... 111

BIBLIOGRAPHY

LETTER OF NOTIFICATION

APPENDICES

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figures 2.1 The description framework ………………………………………… 17

Figures 2.2 Interpretation …………………………………………………………... 19

Figures 2.3 Situational context and discourse type ………………………………... 22

Figures 2.4 Explanation …………………………………………………………... 23

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LIST OF TABLES

Figures 1.1 Social orders and orders of discourse ……………………...…………... 9

Figures 1.2 Constraints on discourse and structural effects ……….………………. 12

Figures 1.3 Formal features: Experiential, Relational and Expressive values …….. 18

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ABSTRACT

Janati Mila Markhamah. 2015. Analysis of Power Struggle used by President

Barack Obama on Barack Obama’s Interviews (A Critical Discourse Analysis

Approach). Thesis: English Department of Faculty of Cultural Science. Sebelas

Maret University.

This research was conducted to analyze the power struggle of Obama through

Obama’s interviews by different countries. The interviews are from the videos

entitled,(1) “Barack Obama’s CNN interview-His Diminished Expectation”, (2)“Barack

Obama’s TV-Interview US-President Obama with German Television”, and (3) from

Russian Television “Obama-High on drugs during interview on Sochi Olympic in

Russia with Bob Costas”. The aims of this research are: (1) to find out what the power

struggle and the most powerful power struggle uses by President Barack Obama., (2) to

reveal how President Barack Obama constructs his power verbally through interviews,

(3) to explore how President Barack Obama defend his ideology about same sex

marriage to the audience who opposed.

This is a descriptive qualitative research. It referred to the method of solving

problems by collecting, classifying and interpreting the data of the research. The

research is employed to obtain an extensive description from word, phrase, clause called

case study. The source of data is from the transcript of interview between President

Barack Obama as the interviewee and the interviewers. The data were analyzed one by

one to find out the power struggle does Obama used.

The results of this research are as follows. First, the relationship between

President and the interviewers is exactly influenced by the status of them. Second, the

indicators of power struggle are: (1) the appearance of President Barack Obama’s, (2)

imperative sentences, (3) President Barack Obama’s manner, (4) formality, and (5) the

evidences in which Obama and his people achieved.

This research is intended to help the students who are interested in analyzing

Barack Obama’s interview by using Critical Discourse Analysis as an approach.

Keyword: Critical Discourse Analysis, Power Struggle, Barack Obama’s

interview.