An Introduction to Solar Electric and EV Charging Stations

An Introduction to Solar Electric and

EV Charging Stations

Presented by: Derek Coen.

Construction and Development Professional Development Frederick County Career & Technology Center

Friday, October 21, 2011

We are all Being Impacted by High Energy Costs.

What has Been Done?

Incentives are in place and Add Up

Federal Tax Credit: Tax credit covers 30% of system cost. District of Columbia: Grants based on system size. Range from $1,500 to $16,500. Maryland: Grants based on system size range from $500 to $10,000.

– Montgomery County – Property Tax Credit of $5,000 of system cost. – Howard County – Property Tax Credit of $5,000 of system cost.

Net-Metering: All jurisdictions offer Net-Metering. Renewable Energy Credits (RECs): Provide additional incentives. Sales Tax Exemption: Many jurisdictions offer sales tax exemptions.

Federal and local credits, grants and rebates add up to make the case for going solar very compelling.

“By 2016, we expect solar energy to be the least expensive source for consumers.” Rhone Resch, President SEIA

Other Initiatives Exist The Solar America Initiative

The aim of the SAI is to achieve parity with

grid electricity by 2015.

Distributed Solar – The Four Pillars

Utility Rates &Revenue Policies

Interconnection

Incentives

Net Metering

• Solar-friendly rates• Align peak retail

with wholesale

• Support range of system types/sizes

• Large-scale, long-term programs

• Performance-based

• Up to 2MW• Treat on-site power

same as grid• Simple rules• Fair fees

Advocating cost-effective state policies and programs. www.solaralliance.org

How has Solar Electric Market Responded?

U.S PV Installations & Market Share

2010 U.S. PV Installations

The global PV market has grown over 30%/year for the past 15 years. The U.S. solar market grew 67% in 2010 ($3.6B to $6.0B). Grid-tie installations grew 102% in 2010 (435 MW to 878 MW). Sixteen states installed more than 10 MW of PV (four in 2007). Over 100,000 Americans now work in the solar industry. U.S. manufacturing of modules grew 62% in 2010. Prices of solar panels have dropped to around $2.00/Watt today. Tax credits, grants and loans are playing crucial roles.

The solar market will continue to grow at impressive rates.

Solar Economics and ProspectsA Summary of the Market

How Does Solar Energy Work?

Solar Electric Power - The Basics

How Much Sunlight is Required?

What Direction are the Panels Pointed?

Facing south Angled to latitude In the sun

Solar will not work for every location. Panels must be ……

What are the Configuration Options?

Grid-tied• Represents 90% of solar PV market.• Takes advantage of Net-Metering option.• Simple system – modules, racks and inverter.• Does not work when grid is down.

Grid-tied with battery backup• Provides power when grid is down.• Is more expensive to design, install and maintain.• Used where grid interruptions can last several days and a

generator is not feasible.

What are the Configuration Options?

Direct power• Ideal for remote locations that only need power during the day.• Solar module(s) powers fan or water pump.• No battery or controller needed.

Off-grid• More complex and expensive.• Often used in remote off-grid areas.• Or, where electricity is inconvenient.• Batteries require regular maintenance.

WEB-BASED MONITORING SYSTEM

PV ARRAY

COMBINER BOX

DC DISCONNECT

INVERTER(Including

GFPD)

AC DISCONNECT

ELECTRIC SERVICE PANEL

ELECTRIC METERJUNCTION

BOX

Grid-tied PV System

PV ARRAY

COMBINER BOX

AC SERVICE PANEL

DC SERVICE PANEL

48V BATTERY BANK

CHARGE CONTROLLERAC LOAD CENTER

INVERTERS(Including GFPD)

DC LOAD CENTER

MONITORING and PROGRAM INTERFACE

ELECTRIC METER

Grid-tied With Battery Back-up

Solar System Components

Modules Mounting systems and hardware Combiner boxes and disconnect switches Inverter

Specifications (typical):

Size: 60” x 33” x 1.8”

Weight: 25 to 40 lbs

Voltage: 17 to 36 vdc

Watts: 175 to 230

Major Manufacturers:

Evergreen

Kyocera Mitsubishi

Sharp Solar World

Solar Modules

Mounting Systems

Roof mounts

Pole mounts

Ground mounts

Static Mount or

Tracking Systems

Combiner Boxes, Disconnects and Combination Boxes

Combiner Box: Enables the wiring of multiple strings of modules into a single inverter.

Disconnect Switch: Disconnects power between array and inverter and between grid and inverter. Can be integrated into inverter.

Combination Box: Performs the function of the combiner box and disconnect switch.

Inverters

Converts DC power from solar panels to AC power for home use or Net-Metering uses.

Grid-tied inverters must match the frequency of the power grid and are more expensive.

Many inverters offer integrated combiner box and disconnect.

Manufacturers: Exeltech, Fronius, Kaco, Outback, SMA, Xantrex

What are the Costs & Incentives of Solar Energy?

National Average System Prices, 2010

Monthly electrical savings of $60 Renewable Energy Credits (RECs) Other credits could apply Interest on loans may be deductible Property value increases Provides hedge against rate increases

Simplified System Costs with Incentives

System Size Approx. Costs State Grant/Rebate Fed Tax Credit Total Incentive

3.0 kW $21,000 $1,500 $5,850 $7,350 / 35%

3.0 kW $21,000 $4,500 $4,950 $9,450 / 45%

Maryland

District of Columbia

Solar electric systems in this size would save 75 tons of CO2 over 25 years.

3.0 kW $21,000 $0.00 $6,300 $6,300 / 30%

Virginia

Construction and Development Professional Development Frederick County Career & Technology Center

Friday, October 21, 2011

Slides Courtesy of Eaton Corporation

Presented by Derek Coen

Here come the EVs….. We hope!

It’s not if … it’s whenIt’s not if … it’s when

Why are we here…?

EVs are a Growing Market

Oil Prices are on the rise. Environmental concerns becoming prominent. Regulations are increasing. All major automakers are introducing EVs. Many utilities are proposing cheaper ToU rates. Tax Incentives

– EV or Hybrid up to $7,500– Alternative Fuel Vehicle Refueling Property

» 30% up to $30,000 for businesses» 30% up to $1,000 for residences

Understanding Terminology

Hybrid Electric Vehicle

Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle

Electric Vehicle

How will I charge? AC Level 1 is already here,

allowing someone to charge anywhere+ Convenient+ Cheap– Slow

DC Level 2 is needed to alleviate range anxiety + Will be convenient + Fast– Expensive

AC Level 2 appears to be the sweet spot± Moderate charge rate± Moderate cost± Moderate convenience

EVSE Recent Installations

City of Raleigh, NC

Google Campus, Mountain View, CA

City of Normal, IL

EVSE Market Forecast 2011 - 2015EV Charging Equipment Markets 2011 - 2015

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

350000

400000

450000

500000

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

$(0

00

)

US Canada North America

Source: Pike Research

An Introduction to Photovoltaics (20 hr class): NABCEP Exam offered

PV Installer Certification (2 day course) PV Systems - Technical, Design and System Overview (2 to 4 hr lass)

PV Systems - Business, Markets and Technology Overview (2 to 4 hr class)

PV & EV Products (1 to 4 hr classes)

Solar Installation Lab (4 hour lab)

IEC-Chesapeake – Learning Opportunities

IEC-Chesapeake is proud to be recognized as a NABCEP approved training facility.

Visit IEC-Chesapeake.com for the latest schedule

Charging Equipment Sales by Segment, United States: 2015

Source: Pike Research

Residential67%

Workplace7%

Public6%

Private20%

EVSE Market Segments - 2015Residential

Linked to Automobile Availability/Purchase.

Auto OEM’s & Utilities leading, Distribution to Follow

Workplace

Investing now. Early channel via System Integrators

Public

Investing Now. Early Channel via Utilities, Municipalities, Institutions

Private

Fleet & Military- Linked to Automobile Availability.

Eaton Pow-R-Station™ Family: AC LEVEL 2 DC LEVEL 2

QUICK CHARGE

AC LEVEL 2

Resi

RESI Garage

Mixed Use

RESI Garage C- Store Retail

6 – 8 hours

240 VAC

16A – 30A

Hard Wired or Plug-in

3 – 6 hours

240 & 208 VAC

30A - 70A

Hard Wired

15 – 30 minutes

208 VAC / 500VDC

150A – 162A

Hard Wired

Curbside Rest StopHighwayRetailCustom

AC LEVEL 1

RESI Garage

Work

8 – 12 hours

120 VAC

12A

Hard Wired or Plug-in

Retail

Authentication – Keypad, RFID, Key fob Payment Solutions – Credit Card Parking Lot Management Metering – Revenue grade or not Wireless Communication – WiFI or Cellular

Remote Monitoring Tools: Increase System Uptime Reduce energy costs Maximize charger reliability Reporting & Monitoring

Options available to meet client needs.Options available to meet client needs.

Pow-R-Station Value Added Peripherals

Where can you learn more?

Useful Websiteswww.dsireusa.org - Database of State Incentives

www1.eere.energy.gov/solar/solar_america/about.html - Solar America Initiative

www.renewable-energy-world.com - Solar News & Industry Information

www.solarbuzz.com - Solar News & Industry Information

www.solarenergy.com - Education & Training

www.irecusa.org - Interstate Renewable Energy Council – Education & Training

www.nabcep.org - North American Board of Certified Energy Practitioners

www.seia.org - Solar Energy Industry Association, Lobbying & Education

www.solarelectricpower.org - Solar Electric Power Association

www.ases.org - American Solar Energy Society

www.bge.com - Baltimore Gas & Electric

www.dom.com - Dominion Virginia Power

www.pepco.com - PEPCO

For further information contact IEC – Chesapeake or:

Derek Coen

Atlantic Electric Supply Corp.

Washington, DC

202-526-1300

[email protected]

Thank You