An Introduction to Polymers Dr. Sheppard CHEM 4201 Fall 2014
An Introduction to Polymers Dr. Sheppard CHEM 4201 Fall 2014.
Jan 01, 2016
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
An Introduction to PolymersDr. Sheppard
CHEM 4201
Fall 2014
Polymers
Natural vs. synthetic
Industries
What is a polymer? Monomer
Dimer
Oligomer
Polymer
Copolymer
Cl
+ + +
Crosslinked
Dendrimers
Structure
Linear
Branched
Copolymers
Properties
Structure
Size and MW
Density
Crystallinity
Strength
Biodegradability
Example: polyethylene
CH2
n
CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2
Polymer recycling
Polymer Classifications
Thermal Properties
Thermoplastics
Plasticizers
Thermoset plastics
Polymer Classifications
Uses Elastomers (rubber)
Fibers
Adhesives
Natural rubber
Polymer Classifications
Method of Synthesis
1. Chain-growth/addition polymerization
2. Step-growth/condensation polymerization
Polymerization Reactions
1. Chain-growth/addition Radical
Polymerization Reactions
1. Chain-growth/addition Acid (cationic)
Base (anionic)
Polymerization Reactions
2. Step-growth/condensation
Naming
Simple polymers:
CH2 CH2
Cl
n
n
nCl
Some Addition Polymers
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
1,1-Dichloroethylene
Polypropylene (PP)CH2 C
CH3
H
CH2 C
Cl
Cl
C C
F
F
F
F
Some Addition Polymers
Acrylates
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)
Poly(ethyl acrylate) (PEA)
Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)
Cyanoacrylates
O
OH
acrylic acid
O
O
O
O
O
O
CH3
CH3
CN
R
O
O
CH3
OH
Some Addition Polymers
Rubber
Natural rubber
Neoprene rubber
Butadiene copolymers
Polyamides Nylon 6,6
Nylon 6
Some Condensation Polymers
NH
nO
Some Condensation Polymers
Polyamides Kevlar C C N N
O O
H Hn
Some Condensation Polymers
Polyesters Poly(ethylene terephthalate)
Other polyesters
O
OHO
HO
terephthalic acid
HO
OH
ethylene glycol
+
CC O
O
O O
n
Some Condensation Polymers
Polyurethanes Spandex
Other polyurethanes
Polycarbonates Lexan
Some Condensation Polymers
Some Condensation Polymers
Silicones (Siloxanes)Si
CH3
CH3
O
n
Applications of Polymers
Choosing a polymer Design Other factors
Mechanical/thermal properties Synthesis Body’s reaction to polymer Biodegradability
Polyglycolide (PGA), polylactide (PLA), and copolymers
Drug-polymer conjugate
http://www.neurospine.com/brain_gliadel.htmhttp://www.moffitt.org/File%20Library/Main%20Nav/Research%20and%20Clinical%20Trials/Cancer%20Control%20Journal/v5n2/article4.pdf
Biodegradable Polymers for Drug Delivery
Drug
linker
polymer
Related Documents
