An Integrated English Course Book 2 Unit 10. Learning objectives By the end of this unit, you are supposed to: 1. understand the main idea, structure.

An Integrated English Course

Book 2

Unit 10

Learning objectives

By the end of this unit, you are supposed to:

1. understand the main idea, structure of the text and the author’s writing style;

2. master the key language points and grammatical structures in the text.

Teaching procedure

1. Pre-reading questions2. Text I: Gregory Peck---An American Master

· Background information· Main idea of text I · Structure analysis · Comprehension questions· Language points

3. Text II: Unforgettable Ingrid Bergman· Main idea of text II

· Questions for discussion

Pre-reading questions

1. Who is your favorite actor/actress? Why?

2. What do you know about Gregory Peck?

Background information (1)

Gregory PeckDate of birth5 April 1916La Jolla, California, USA Date of death 12 June 2003Los Angeles, California, USA.

Background information (2)

Roman Holiday1953Wonderful romantic-comedy that has both funny and heart-warming moments.

Gregory Peck Audrey Hepburn

Background information (3)

To Kill a Mockingbird1962'To Kill a Mockingbird' is one of the great classics from the sixties. Peck won a best actor Oscar as Southern lawyer Atticus Finch in the 1962 film "To Kill a Mockingbird."

Background information (4)

Gregory Peck's star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame

Text I: Gregory Peck—an American Master

1. Among the celebrated pantheon of Hollywood royalty, few are as well-respected and universally adored as Gregory Peck. For more than fifty years, he has been a major presence in the theater, on television, and most importantly, on the big screen. For many, Peck is a symbol of the American man at his best—a pillar of moral courage and constant defender of traditional values. As General MacArthur, Melville’s Captain Ahab, and Atticus Finch, he has presented audiences with compelling stories of strength and masculinity.

2. Eldred Gregory Peck was born on April 5, 1916 in La Jolla, California. By the time he was six, his parents had divorced. For a number of years he lived with his maternal grandmother, but at the age of ten was sent to St. John’s Military Academy in Los Angeles. The four years he spent there was important in forming his sense of personal discipline. After the Academy, he returned to live with his father, a local pharmacist, and to attend public high school.

3. After graduating, Peck enrolled at the University of California, Berkeley. Greatly influenced by his father’s desires for him to be a doctor, Peck began as a premed student. By the time he was a senior, however, he found his real interests to be in writing and acting. Peck soon realized that he had a natural gift as both an expressive actor and a storyteller. After graduating in 1939, he changed his name from Eldred to Gregory and moved to New York. There, his abilities were almost immediately recognized. In 1942, Peck made his debut on Broadway with The Morning Star. Though many of his early plays were doomed to short runs, it seemed clear that Peck was destined for something bigger. In 1944 that “something bigger” arrived in the form of his first two Hollywood roles, as Vladimir in Days of Glory and Father Francis Chisholm in The Keys of the Kingdom.

4. While Days of Glory was coolly received, his role as the taciturn Scottish missionary in The Keys of the Kingdom was a resounding triumph and brought him his first Oscar nomination for Best Actor. This early success provided him with the rare opportunity of working with the best directors in Hollywood. Over the next three years he appeared in Alfred Hitchcock’s Spellbound (1945), King Vidor’s Duel in the Sun (1946), and Elia Kazan’s Gentleman’s Agreement (1947). Despite concerns over public acceptance of the last one, a meditation on American anti-Semitism, it surprised many by winning an Oscar for Best Picture and a nomination for Best Actor. This success seemed not only a validation of Peck’s abilities as an artist but of his moral convictions as well.

5. Though an amiable and fun-loving man at home, Peck’s stern presence made him one of the screen’s great patriarchs. Tough and crying, he was the quintessential mid-century American man—the good-looking romantic lead across from Audrey Hepburn as well as the rugged World War II bomber commander.

For many, the actor and the characters he portrayed were inseparable; the authority of his passionate yet firm demeanor was attractive to post-war Americans who longed for a more stable time.

6. During the 1960s and 1970s, Peck continued to challenge himself as an actor, appearing in thrillers, war films, westerns and in his best known film, To Kill a Mockingbird (1962). Based on the book by Harper Lee, To Kill a Mockingbird addresses problems of racism and moral justice in personal and powerful ways. As Atticus Finch, a lawyer in a small southern town, Peck created a character that remains a great example of an individual’s struggle for humanity within deeply inhumane conditions. It seems clear, however, that the reason for Peck’s constant assertion that To Kill a Mockingbird is his best (and favorite) film, was the film’s attention to the lives of children and the importance of family.

7. While continuing to act on television and in Hollywood throughout the 1980s and 1990s, Peck has focused much of his energy on spending time with his wife, children, and grandchildren. For Peck, life as a father and as a public figure have been inseparable; he was simultaneously a major voice against the Vietnam war, while remaining a patriotic supporter of his son who was fighting there. If years of breathing life into characters such as Captain Keith Mallory and General MacArthur taught him anything, it was that life during wartime was profoundly complex; and rarely has there been a time free from war or struggle. In his more than fifty films, Peck has continually attempted to investigate these complex struggles, and in doing so has created a library of stories that shed light on human possibility and social reality.

8. At 85, Peck turned his attention back to where he got his start, the stage. He traveled the country visiting small playhouses and colleges, speaking about his life and experiences as a father, a celebrity, and as an actor. 847 words

Main Idea of Text I

This passage tells about Gregory Peck’s life experience chronologically from his early year to his last days, during which he made his major accomplishments in acting.

Back to Text I

Structure analysis

As a biography, the passage is chronologically structured from Gregory Peck’s early year to his last days. Though each paragraph tells of Peck’s experiences during a particular time in his life, some paragraphs introduce his status in American movie industry, his major accomplishments and his life philosophy.

Back to Text I

Paragraph 1 analysis:The first paragraph introduces Gregory Peck as a celebrity in Hollywood and the reasons why he was so popular.

Paragraph 2 analysis:This paragraph narrates Peck’s life before he graduated from high school.

Paragraph 3 analysis: This paragraph is mainly about Peck’s decision to be an actor and his early experiences on the stage.

Back to Text I

Paragraph 4 analysis:This paragraph is about the ascent of Peck’s fame as a gifted actor during the 1940s.

Paragraph 5 analysis:The paragraph explains why Peck is adored by his audience and that’s because of the image he created on the screen—the typical mid-century American man, romantic and tough.

Paragraph 6 analysis:This paragraph introduces Peck’s best film To Kill a Mockingbird, which won him on Oscar Award for Best Actor.

Back to Text I

Paragraph 7 analysis:This paragraph gives an account of Peck’s life philosophy in relation to his acting career on the screen.

Paragraph 8-9 analysis:These two paragraph serve as a conclusion of the passage.

Back to Text I

Language Points

Sentence studies

Words and phrases in Text I

As General MacArthur, Melville’s Captain Ahab, and Atticus Finch, he has presented audiences with compelling stories of strength and masculinity.

In playing his roles such as General MacArthur and Captain Ahab, he powerfully impressed his audiences with the strength and male beauty of his characters.

If years of breathing life into characters such as Captain Keith Mallory and General MacArthur taught him anything, it was that life during wartime was profoundly complex …

If he learnt something from the characters he vividly portrayed such as Captain Keith Mallory and General MacArthur, it was that life during wartime was extremely complex.

Back to Text I

celebrated: famousMiss Green was a celebrated society hostess and her parties are remembered to t

his day.This celebrated novel had produced an extraordinary impression on his mind.Collocation: be celebrated for Lake Michigan is celebrated for its whitefish.

• pantheon n. 1) a building in which the famous dead of a nation are buried and/or given honor2) all the gods of a particular people or nationthe Roman Pantheon3) (literary) a group of famous and important peoplea leading figure in the pantheon of 20th-century designers

adore: 1) to love deeply and feel proud of

She adores her grandchildren and is always buying them presents.

2) (infml) (not used in the continuous tenses) like (sth.) very muchI simply adore that dress!Derivation: adoration n. adoring a. adorable a.Comparison: adoring, adorableadoring: (usu. attrib) showing great lovegive sb. an adoring lookadorable: someone or something that is adorable is so attractive t

hat it fills you with feelings of love Your address is absolutely adorable.

Back to Text I

• Presence: n1) being present in a placeYour presence is requested at the shareholders’ meeting. Her presence during the crisis had a calming effect.2) person’s way of standing, moving, esp. as it affects other peopleThe power of his stage presence could never be forgotten. 3) person or thing that is or seems to be present in a placeThere seemed to be a ghostly presence in the room. The dogs were trained to detect the presence of explosives.4) number of soldiers or policemen in a place for a special purposeThe United Nations maintains a military presence in the area. 5) (commerce) position or activity of a business in a particular marketThe newly-merged company has an increasingly dominant presence in So

utheast Asian telecommunications.Collocation: in the presence of sb in sb’s presence

At one’s best: the greatest effort or highest achievement or standard that he/she is capable of

At his best, Peter is one of the most exciting tennis players in the world to watch.

Mary is at her best when she is playing the piano. Pillar n.1) strong supporter of sth.a pillar of the Church, the establishment, the faithA person of strong character is a pillar of society.2) a tall upright round post used as a supporter for a roofHuge pillars support the cathedral roof.3) a very important part of a system of beliefs, especially religious beliefsThese tenets are the pillars on which our faith is founded.

Back to Text I

moral: concerning principles of right and wrong behavior and difference between good ad evil

We follow the moral laws laid down by our religion.Everything that he writes has a high moral purpose.Constant a. 1) faithful; unchangingPressure in the container remains constant.The seeing-eye dog was the blind man’s constant companion.2) (usu. attrib) going on all the time; happening again and againThis entrance is in constant use; do not block it.3) unchanging; fixedA thermostat kept the temperature constant.Comparison: continual, continuous, constant, incessant, perpetual,

perennial

Continual often implies a close prolonged succession or recurrence.

continual showers the whole weekendContinuous usually implies an uninterrupted flow or spatial

extension.football’s oldest continuous rivalryConstant implies uniform or persistent occurrence or

recurrence.live in constant painIncessant implies ceaseless or uninterrupted activity.annoyed by the incessant quarrelingPerpetual suggests unfailing repetition or lasting duration.a land of perpetual snowfallPerennial implies enduring existence, often through constant

renewal.a perennial source of controversy

Back to Text I

compelling a.1) extremely interesting or excitinga compelling personality2) that one must accept or agree witha compelling reason, argument, etc. She found no compelling evidence to prove her father’s innocence.compel v.Harrison felt compelled to resign because of the allegations in the pr

ess.masculinity n. the quality of being maleChildren’s ideas of masculinity tend to come from their fathers.Different cultures often have different concepts of femininity and mas

culinity.She looks rather masculine in that suit.

maternal a1) related to a person through the mother’s side of the family my maternal

grandfather2) of or like a mother. She has a maternal concern for your welfare.She kept a maternal eye on them all.Antonym: paternal

• senior n. 1) student in the year before graduation from a high school or collegeher senior year at college2) a person older than anotherHer husband was nine years her senior.Comparison: freshman, sophomore, junior, seniorfreshman: student in his / her first year at college, high school or universitysophomore: student in the second year of a course junior: student in his third year of a four-year course senior: student in the year before graduation from a high school or college

Gift n. 1) a natural ability to do somethingI’ve always been able to learn languages easily; it’s a gift.2) thing given willingly without payment; presenta wedding gift3) (fig) thing that is very easy or too easy to doThat exam question was an absolute gift!4) unusually cheap purchase; bargainAt that price it’s an absolute gift!Collocation: gift for sth. / doing sth.Dee has a gift for making everyone feel at ease.Derivation:gifted a. having a natural ability to do one or more things extremely wel

la gifted pianist

• recognize v.

1) to accept or agree that something is true or realWe recognize that this is an unpleasant choice to have to make.2) be able to identify (sb./sth. that one has seen, heard, etc. before); know sb./sth. againI recognized her by her red hat.3) be prepared to admit or be aware of (sth.); to realize He recognized that he was not qualified for the post.4) show gratitude or appreciation of (sb’s ability, service, etc) by giving him an honor or r

ewardHis service to the State was recognized.Collocation: recognize sth. as: The US has not recognized the Cuban government as legitimate since

1961.be recognized as: Lawrence’s novel was eventually recognized as a work of genius.Derivation: recvognition, recognizableShe was barely recognizable as the girl I had known at school.

make one’s debut: to make one’s first public appearance He made his debut by beating the champion. Doomed: causing to suffer something unavoidableThe plan was doomed from the start.We loathe each other, yet we seem doomed constantly to meet.• Destined a. intended, esp. by fate, for some special purposeHollywood is the ultimate destination for those destined to become stars.She was convinced that her little boy was destined to become President.2) on the way to (a place)a letter destined for LondonCollocation: be destined for Derivation: destiny n.Juan accepted his destiny without complaint.Destiny drew us together.

taciturn a. tending to speak very little New Englanders are reputedly taciturn people.He’s a very kind man, but very taciturn, which sometimes makes him seem unfriendly.Derivation: taciturnity n.

• missionary n. a person who is sent, usu. to a foreign country, to teach and spread religion

He made up his mind to become a missionary when he was a young boy.She spent 20 years in Africa as a missionary.mission n. (work done by a) group of religious teachers sent to convert peoplea Catholic mission in Africa resounding a. 1) very greatThe film was a resounding success.2) sounding or echoing loudlyThe vase fell to the floor with a resounding crash.resound v.Her name resounded throughout Europe. The hall resounded with applause.

• Concern n. 1) worry; anxietyThe recent rise in crime is a matter of considerable publi

c concern.2) thing that is important or interesting to sb.What are your main concerns as a writer?3) company; businessOur little corner shop is no longer a paying concern. Collocationconcern about/overThere is growing concern about the effects of pollution o

n health.concern for sbA government spokesman expressed concern for the liv

es of the hostages.Derivation: concerned

• meditation n. act of thinking deeplyI’m sorry to interrupt your meditation. Try to set aside an hour each day for meditation.Collocation: meditation on sthmeditation on the causes of society’s evilsDerivation: meditative a.meditate v. Dr Wijk contemplated the picture in meditative silence.Philip was often found sitting alone in front of the fire meditating quietly.

• anti-Semitism n. hatred of or prejudice against Jewish peoplePrefix: anti-1) opposed to; against anti-aircraft2) opposite of anti-hero3) preventing anti-freeze

nomination n. the act of suggesting (someone) officially for honorWho will get the Republican nomination for presidency? All the committee’s nominations were approved.nominate v.He was nominated for the Nobel Prize.

• validation n.the act of making legal; confirmationCollocation: validate a contractValidate v. This passport has to be signed before the official can validate it.Comparison: validation, validityvalidation: the act of making legalvalidity: state of being legally acceptableamiable a. pleasant and well-intentioned; likableThe driver was an amiable young man.Derivation: amiability n.

patriarch n. 1) a much respected man2) male head of a family or tribe Derivation: patriarchal a. patriarchy n.Antonym:matriarch n. female head of a family or tribe

• quintessential a.representing a perfect or typical example of somethingGuys and Dolls is the quintessential American musical.Derivation: quintessence n.John is the quintessence of good manners. Her book captures the quintessence of Renaissance humanism.

lead n.1) the most important part in a film or a playplay the lead in the new West End hit2) guidance given by going first or in front; exampleYou say what you think is best. I’ll follow your lead.3) distance by which one competitor, etc. is in front The latest polls give the Republicans a lead of 32%. 4) piece of information or evidence that might provide the solution to a problem;

clueThe police are investigating an important new lead.5) strap or cord for leading or controlling a dogYou must keep your dog on a lead in the park. rugged a.1) strongly built: a car famous for its rugged qualities 2) rough; uneven; rocky: a rugged coastline 3) not refined or gentle: rugged mannersDerivation: ruggedness n.

• inseparable a. impossible to separate from something else or from one anotherIn poetry meaning is inseparable from form.Rights are inseparable from duties.Derivation: inseparability n.

• authority n. 1) power to influenceNone of us questioned my father’s authority.2) right to act in a specific wayOnly the treasurer has authority to sign checks.3) (pl) person or group having the power to give orders or take actionThe health authorities are investigating the matter.4) person with special knowledgeShe’s an authority on phonetics.5) book, etc. that can supply reliable information or evidenceWhat is your authority for that statement?

demeanor: behavior towards othersThere was certainly a large element of irony in his demeanor.Derivation:demean v. lower oneself in dignity; deprive oneself of other’s respectDon’t demean yourself by taking that job.demeaning a.He found it very demeaning to have to work for his former employee

• long for: to want very much; to feel a strong desire or craving especially for something not likely to be attained

The children are longing for the holidays.

Derivation: longing a.gaze with longing eyes

thriller n. a book, film or play that tells a very exciting story, esp. of crime and violence

a thriller writerDerivation: thrill n. & v. a sudden strong feeling of excitement and

pleasure, or the thing that makes you feel thisEven though I’ve been acting for years, I still get a thrill

out of going on stage.thrilling a. interesting and excitinga thrilling climax to the championship

address v. 1) to deal withThe article addresses the problems of diseases connected with mal

nutrition2) write on (a letter, parcel, etc) the name and address of the perso

n, firm, etc. that it is to be delivered to The card was wrongly addressed to us at our old home.3) make a speech to (a person or an audience), esp. formallyThe chairman will now address the meeting4) direct (a remark or written statement) to sb./sth.You will have to address your complaints to the Head Office.5) use (a particular name or title) in speaking or writing to sb.The president should be addressed as “Mr. President”.Derivation: addressee n.

• racism n. 1) unfair treatment of people, or violence against them, because they b

elong to a different race from your own2) the belief that different races of people have different characters and

abilities, and that the qualities of your own race are the best

Practice: paraphrase the following phrases:1) racial discriminationunfair treatment of people because of their race2) racial prejudicethe belief that other races are not as good or as intelligent as your own r

ace3) racial harassmentinsulting or annoying someone because of their race

humanity n1) people of the world in generalThirty percent of humanity lives in conditions of terrible poverty.2) the state or fact of being a human being3) being humane; kind-heartedness. We must never forget our common humanity.Derivation: human n.=human beinghumane a. treating people or animals in a way that is not cruel and causes them as

little pain or suffering as possibleFarmers will be asked to consider more humane ways of transporting livestock.inhumane a. causing too much suffering and therefore considered cruel and

unacceptablethe inhumane treatment of political prisonersDerivation:inhumanity n. cruel behavior or actsThe book focuses on the inhumanity of the labor camps.

• assertion n.

1) a forceful statementI seriously question a number of your assertions.2) action of claiming or stating forcefully; insistenceassertion of one’s authorityDerivation:assert v. She asserted her innocence.assertive a. Williams stated his opinion in an assertive tone of voice. public figure: famous person Practice: Paraphrase the following phrases:1)public affairsevents and questions, especially political ones, which have an effect on most people2) public conveniencea small building with toilets in it, provided for anyone to use

3) public expenditurethe money that the government spends on public services4) public healthHealth care provided by the government, including medica

l care and public cleaning services5) public opinionThe opinions or beliefs that ordinary people have about a

particular subject6) public relations (PR)the work of explaining to the public what an organization d

oes, so that they will understand it and approve of it

voice n.1) a means of expressionIt is important that parents should have a voice in deciding how their

children are educated. 2) sounds formed in the larynx and uttered through the mouth, esp. by a

person speaking or singingKeep your voice down.3) opinion, etc. in spoken or written words; influenceThe workers want a voice in management decisions.4) (grammar) contrast between a sentence in which the doer of the action

is subject and one in which the person or thing affected is subjectin the active voice5) a person, organization, newspaper etc. that expresses the opinions or

wishes of a group of peopleMartin Luther King had become the voice of the Civil Rights Movement.

breathe life into: to give life to, to make something exciting or full of lifeHis enthusiasm breathed new life into the firm, which was about to fail.It is readers who breathe life into a newspaper with their letters.

• continually ad. recurring in steady, usually rapid succession I continually have to remind him of his responsibilities. Derivation: continue v. continuous a. continual a.Fill in the blanks with continuously or continually:1) It rained all summer, which completely spoiled our vacation.2) It rained all summer, which was good for the rice crop.3) These interruptions are driving me mad.4) We landed after flying for 16 hours. Key: continually, continuously, continue, continuously

Back to Text I

• investigate v.1) try to find out more informationThe police were baffled, and Sherlock Holmes was called in to investigate. 2)find out detailed facts about (sb. or his character) by questioning, observation, et

c.Penney was already being investigated by the police on suspicion of murder. 3) try to discover (sth.) by detailed study, research, etc.We might be able to help you; I’ll investigate the possibilities. 4) make a brief checkI heard a noise and went downstairs to investigate.Derivation: investigation. Ionvestigatorshed light on: to make something clearer, to clarifyThe discoveries may shed light on the origins of the universe.New light has been shed on the behavior of the animal, as a result of this disc

overy.

• celebrity n.1) a famous person, esp. in the business of entertainmentcelebrities of stage and screen2) the state of being famous; fame Derivation:celebrate v.It’s Dad’s birthday and we’re going out for a meal to celebrate.celebrated a. a celebrated professor celebration n.There’ll be a reception in celebration of the Fund’s 70th Anniversary. celebratory a Join us for a celebratory drink in the war. Pass away: to dieOur director passed away this morning; it was a great shock to all of us.

Comprehension questions (1)

Why is Gregory well-respected and adored by his audiences in his fifty years of acting?

Because for more than fifty years Gregory Peck impresses his audiences with stories of strength and masculinity, and is viewed as a pillar of moral courage and a defender of traditional values.

Back to Text I

Comprehension questions (2)

When did Peck begin to gain fame in his acting career?

It was not until 1944 that Peck showed his real talent in the two films Days of Glory and The Keys of the Kingdom, the latter of which brought him his first Oscar nomination for Best Actor.

Back to Text I

Comprehension questions (3)

What are the particular features in Peck’s characters that make the quintessential mid-century American man?

The quintessential mid-century American man as represented by Peck and his characters was tough, caring and romantic.

Back to Text I

Comprehension questions (4)

Which, according to Peck himself, is his best film? Why?

According to Peck himself, his best film is To Kill A Mockingbird, because it gives attention to the lives of children and the importance of family.

Back to Text I

Comprehension questions (5)

What does Peck learn from the characters he portrayed? And what does he try to do in most of his films?

He learns that life during wartime was profoundly complex and life can hardly be free from war and struggle. What he tries to do in most of his films is to investigate these complex struggles and create stories that shed light on human possibility and social reality.

Back to Text I

Word comparison

Group 1: A. celebrated B. well-knownA. Celebrated means known and praised widely. He is a celebrated novelist.B. Well-known means widely known; familiar or

famous. Mother Teresa is well-known for her work with the

poor.

Group 2: A. adore B. hate C. miss D. love E. dislikeA. Adore means to love someone very much and feel very

proud of them. Betty adores her grandchildren.B. Hate means to dislike someone very much and feel

angry towards them. Jill really hates her stepfather.C. Miss means to feel sad because someone you love is

not with you. When George went away I really missed D. Love means to have a strong feeling of, caring for and

liking of someone, usu. combined with sexual attraction. He was the only man she had ever loved

E. Dislike means to think someone or something is unpleasant and not like them. Tom dislikes going to the dentist, that’s why he’s crabby

Group 3: A. concern B. problem C. worry D. matter E. headache

A. Concern means something that worries you. The main concern is that the health of the employees will be at risk.

B. Problem means a situation that causes difficulties. The shortage of trained staff poses a serious problem

C. Worry means a problem that you are anxious about or are not sure how to deal with. My main worry is how the divorce will affect the kids.

D. Matter means a subject or situation that you have to think about or deal with. He wasn’t particularly interested in financial matters.

E. Headache means an annoying or worrying problem. Jim has been a real headache for the teachers recently.

Group 4: A. amiable B. ill-tempered C. easygoing D. expressive E. friendly

A. Amiable means friendly and likeable.The driver was an amiable young man.B. Ill-tempered means easily made angry or impatient.John is an ill-tempered waiterC. Easygoing means taking life easily.My mother doesn’t mind who comes to stay. She is easygoing.D. Expressive means showing a particular feeling or influence.

The sculpture is expressive of Michelangelo’s spiritual aspirations.

E. Friendly means behaving in a kind and pleasant way; acting like a friend. It wasn’t very friendly of you to slam the door in his face.

Group 5: A. assertion B. idea C. saying D. thought E. statementA. Assertion means something that you say or write that you strongly

believe. Wilkinson kept repeating his assertion that he was innocentB. Idea means a plan or suggestion for a possible course of action,

especially one that you think of suddenly. What do you think of this idea that we should all wear uniforms?

C. Saying means well-known phrase, proverb, etc. “More haste, less speed,” as the saying goes.

D. Thought means something that you think of, remember, or realize; idea. I was just going to pick up the phone when a sudden thought made me hesitate.

E. Statement means something you say or write publicly or officially to let people know your intentions or opinions, or to record facts. False statement on your tax form could land you in jail

Translation 1. Most athletes are at their best during their early adulthood.2. I am not legally his mother, but I feel I have a moral

responsibility to help him.3. The film was so compelling that I could scarcely take my

eyes off the screen.4. They were destined by fate never to see each other again.5. Laurence’s novels were rejected at first, but they later came

to be recognized as works of genius.6. Philip was often found sitting alone in front of the fire

meditating quietly.7. Modern research has shed great light on this question.8. The coming of the new manager breathed new life into the

company, and soon it prospered.

Text II: Unforgettable Ingrid Bergman--Ann Todd

1. When she appeared on the screen without makeup, cosmetic sales declined. When she played a nun, convent enrollments increased. Industrialist Howard Hughes once bought every available airplane seat from New York to Los Angeles to be sure she would accept a ride in his private plane. A fan walked a sheep all the way from Sweden to Rome as a gift for her. Letters were delivered to her addressed simply “Ingrid Bergman—London”.

2. I first heard Ingrid’s magical laughter 34 years ago over scrambled eggs in a restaurant in Rome, where we had got together simply as two foreign actresses working in The Eternal City. For me it was a case of love at first sound. I remember her fair hair thrown back, and those cloudless blue eyes sparkling, the low voice that could sound so masculine on the telephone that operators (to her great annoyance) sometimes answered, “Yes, sir!” During our first exuberant day together, each of us felt as if she had discovered a long-lost sister—and we never looked back.

3. Challenging Parts. That must have been a very short list. Ingrid lived successively in some of the world’s most interesting cities—Stockholm, Hollywood, Rome, Paris and London—and played starring roles on stage, screen and television in five languages. She made 47 films and won three Oscars and an Emmy. She was the devoted mother of four children—Pia with her first husband, Petter Lindstrom; Roberto and twins, Isabella and Ingrid, with her second, Roberto Rossellini. Her autobiography was a best seller.

4. She had a ferocious dedication to her work. “If you took acting away from me,” she once claimed, “I’d stop breathing.” When Emest Hemingway told her she would have to cut off her hair for the role of Maria in For Whom the Bell Tolls, she shot back, “To get that part, I’d cut my head off!” She would rehearse tirelessly until any hour of the night, begging to repeat a scene long after the director was satisfied. Once she even proposed that she live on the set until the filming was over. The night before the end of an eight-month run of The Constant Wife in a London theater, she was still eagerly discussing with the director, John Gielgud, ways of improving her performance.

5. At the peak of her stardom, Ingrid insisted on taking screen tests and refused leads in favor of lesser but more challenging parts. Unwilling to be typecast, she fought for roles like the young bride on the edge of madness in Gaslight and the mousy Swedish missionary in Murder on the Orient Express.

6. Public Outrage. From her earliest childhood in Stockholm, Ingrid never had a moment’s doubt about where she was going. At 14 she scribbled in her diary her dreams of starring in a movie opposite Sweden’s leading matinee idol—and five years later she was doing just that. “I was the shyest human being ever invented,” she said. “But I had a lion inside me that wouldn’t shut up.”

7. Her luck was as phenomenal as her talent. In New York City, a Swedish couple praised a film of hers to their son, an elevator operator in the apartment building where one of film producer David Selznick’s young talent scouts lived. Six months later, Ingrid was on her way to Hollywood. “I owe my whole career to that elevator boy,” she would say laughingly.

8. One beguiling role followed another: the lonely piano teacher in Intermezzo; the passionate psychiatrist in Spellbound; the baseball-playing nun in The Bells of St. Mary’s within a few years, she was one of America’s most popular film stars—and a top draw at the world’s box office.

9. Then, one night in 1948, Ingrid went to see Open City, a realistic movie of wartime Rome produced and directed by Roberto Rossellini’s stormy genius—“I think I fell in love with Roberto the moment I saw the film,” Ingrid confided to me later—she impulsively wrote and offered to make a film with him.

10. Ingrid flew over to Rome—and stayed for seven years. Still married to Petter Lindstrom, she bore Rossellini a child, causing public outrage. A hostile press called it the “scandal of the century”. And Ingrid was reviled on the floor of the US Senate as unworthy to “set foot on American soil again”.

11. Transformed overnight into box office poison in the United States, Ingrid found her Hollywood career in ruins. The films that she made with Rossellini were largely failures—and so, in the end, was their marriage.

In 1956 the clouds finally broke when Ingrid played the fictional surviving daughter of the last czar of Russia in Anastasia. Her enthralling performance won her an Oscar.

12. Subsequently, Sen. Charles H. Percy read into the US Congressional Record a nation’s apologetic tribute to her: “One of the world’s loveliest, most talented women was made the victim of a bitter attack in this Chamber twenty-two years ago. To the American public she will always hold a place in our hearts as one of the greatest performing artists of our time. Miss Bergman is not only welcome in America, we are deeply honored by her visits here.”

13. Final Close-up. Not even the cancer that struck Ingrid in 1973 could stifle her spirit or sap her energy. As long as there were some good times to be had or some work to be done, she confronted each day with heartbreaking gallantry.

14. For a long time, even those of us who were close to her had no idea how sick she really was. “When we were working, she wanted us to share only her joys,” Wendy Hiller recalled, “never her misery.” She underwent two mastectomies. Her right arm swelled grotesquely. “My pet dragon,” she called it with cheerful courage.

15. Against all odds, she was determined to take on the grueling role of the late Israeli prime minister Golda Meir in a four-hour television biography. “Time is shortening,” she admitted. “But every day that I challenge this cancer and survive is a victory for me.”

16. During the filming, Ingrid was in constant pain from her arm, which had to be put in torturous traction every night. When the long, final close-up came around, a tearful Ingrid knew it was the last time she would ever face her beloved camera. Her stunning portrayal won her a 1982 Emmy.

17. She died on August 29, 1982, her 67th birthday—but not before she had one last sip of champagne.

1,102 words

Main idea

Questions for discussion

Main Idea of Text II

The author memorized detailed life experiences of Ingrid Bergman, which proved the actress’s dedication to work and persistence in acting.

Back to Text II

Questions for discussion

Questions for discussion  1. Have you seen any films starred by Ingrid Bergman? What is yo

ur idea of her acting?

Open to discussion.

2. Based on the passage, what do you think is the most striking part of Ingrid Bergman’s personality?

According to the passage, the most striking part of Ingrid Bergman’s personality was perhaps her “ferocious dedication to her work”; (Paragraph 4) and the last 5 paragraphs 14-18 also describe how she “confronted” each of her last days “with heart-breaking gallantry” when she was working on her last film.

 3. What do you think is most important for an actor or actress?

Open to discussion.

The End