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DISSERTATION On
AN INTEGRATED DATA MODEL APPROACH FOR
E-GOVERNANCE OF INFORMATION IN HIGHER
EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Thesis Submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Master of Technology
In IT (Courseware Engineering)
Submitted By
Tanna Samanta
Roll Number: 000770101005 Examination Roll number: M69CWE10-03
Under Guidance of Mr. Sanjit Nandy
CMC Limited, Kolkata
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION TECHNOLOGY
FACULTY COUNCIL FOR UG AND PG STUDIES IN ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY JADAVPUR UNIVERSITY
KOLKATA- 700032 2010
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Faculty Council for UG and PG studies in Engineering and Technology JADAVPUR UNIVERSITY, KOLKATA- 700032
Certificate of Recommendation
This is to certify that Tanna Samanta has completed her dissertation entitled “An
Integrated Data Model Approach for E-Governance in Higher Education
Institutes”, under the supervision and guidance of Mr. Sanjit Nandy, CMC Ltd,
Kolkata. We are satisfied with her work, which is being presented for the partial
fulfillment of the degree of Master of Technology in IT (Courseware
Engineering), Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032.
Mr. Sanjit Nandy Teacher in Charge of Thesis
CMC Limited, Kolkata
Prof. Kalyankumar Datta
Electrical Engineering Department Programme Coordinator
M.Tech IT ( Courseware Engineering) School of Education Technology
Jadavpur University,Kolkata – 700 032
Prof. Samar Bhattacharya
Director, School of Education Technology Jadavpur University,Kolkata – 700 032
Prof. Niladri Chakraborty
Dean, Faculty Council for UG and PG studies in Engineering and Technology Jadavpur University,Kolkata – 700 032
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Faculty Council for UG and PG studies in Engineering and Technology JADAVPUR UNIVERSITY, KOLKATA- 700032
Certificate of Approval *
The foregoing thesis is hereby approved as a creditable study of M.Tech IT
(Courseware Engineering) and presented in a manner satisfactory to warrant its
acceptance as a prerequisite to the degree for which it has been submitted. It is
understood that by this approval the undersigned do not necessarily endorse or
approve any statement made, opinion expressed or conclusion therein but
approve this thesis only for the purpose for which it is submitted.
Final Examination for Evaluation of the Thesis _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ Signature of Examiners
* Only in case the thesis is approved.
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Declaration of Originality and Compliance of Academic Ethics
I hereby declare that this thesis contains literature survey and original research
work done by the undersigned candidate, as part of Master of Technology in IT
(Courseware Engineering).
All information in this document have been obtained and presented in accordance
with academic rules and ethical conduct.
I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and
referenced all material and results that are not original to this work.
Name : TANNA SAMANTA
Exam Roll Number : M69CWE10-03
Thesis Title : An Integrated Data Model Approach for
E-Governance of Information in Higher Education Institutes
Signature with Date :
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AKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I would also like to convey my gratitude to my supervisor Mr. Sanjit
Nandy for his encouragement and kind help during the course of this work.
I would like to thank my advisor professor Samar Bhattacharya, Director,
School of Education Technology, whose help, encouragement and patience have
been invaluable. Without his guidance and constant help this thesis would not
have been completed.
I wish to thank Professor Kalyankumar Datta, Programme Coordinator for
his kind encouragement in completing this work. I am also indebted to professor
Pramatha Nath Basu and Arunasish Acharya for their immense help and valuable
comments during this work.
I also acknowledge the help and cooperation of all the teaching staffs, the
technical and nontechnical staffs of the School of Education Technology, Jadavpur
University in accomplishing this project.
I would like to thank my batch mates for their friendship and many
constructive comments.
Finally, I would like to express my immense gratitude to my loving parents
for their continuous support, encouragement and help.
TANNA SAMANTA
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Executive Summary
1 Chapter 1: Introduction ............................................................................................... 1
1.1 Overview ............................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Summary of Literature Survey ......................................................................... 1
1.3 Brief Discusson on the Problem ....................................................................... 2
1.4 Objective and Constraints/ Assumption ........................................................ 3
1.5 Organization of thesis ........................................................................................ 4
2 Chapter 2: Literature Survey ..................................................................................... 6
3 Chapter 3: Problem Statement and Objective....................................................... 22
4 Chapter 4: Requirement Analysis/ Design / Implementation ........................... 25
4.1 Requirement Analysis ...................................................................................... 26
4.2 Design Methodology ........................................................................................ 27
4.2.1 Part - One: Functional Design and Subject Area Detection ............. 27
4.2.2 Part - Two: Construction of Data Flow Diagrams .............................. 31
4.2.3 Part - Three: Detection of Entities ......................................................... 88
4.3 Implementation ........................................................................................... 95
5 Chapter 5: Results and Interpretations ................................................................ 115
5.1 Results ............................................................................................................... 115
5.2 Interpretations of the Results ....................................................................... 133
6 Chapter 6: Conclusion and Future Scope............................................................. 136
7 Chapter 7: References/Bibliography ..................................................................... 137
Appendix....................................................................................................................... A.1
Appendix I: Table Structure of the warehouse ............................................... A.1
Appendix II: Test Data ....................................................................................... A.37
Appendix III: Screen Shots of Reports............................................................ A.45
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Executive Summary:
The purpose of this research work is to design and develop an integrated data
model to organize a data warehouse for the e-governance of information in higher
education institutes. This approach can enhance the information management
activity over there. It prevents users from recreating and gathering information
already available in the scenario and facilitates the exchange of information in the
institute community so that they can spend more time in analyzing and using the
information for the sake of learning enhancement and accomplishing institutional
mission. The proposed model is unique in the sense that it can be viewed as an
integrated one, or can be subdivided into different subject areas according to the
departmental needs.
Information is critical to the functioning of the higher education institutes from
two different yet related perspectives: teaching and administration. With the
application of data warehousing technology, the proposed model is also capable
of organizing the data in such a way that will provide information via reports to
the diverse group of users on role basis with the help of any reporting tool like BO
(Business Object), OBI (Oracle Business Intelligence) or Brio Query. Apart from
these, history data can also be maintained in this warehouse with a proper sink
with the current one and therefore trend analysis and assessment is likely to be
prepared from the data warehouse.
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1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Overview:
The aim of this work is to build an integrated data model for e-governance
of information in higher education institutes. E-governance is the
governing of information electronically with the least physical intervention
for quick resolution and accurate administration. The motivation came
from the need of a structured data warehouse in the university
management system so that along with the others, the data driven courses
like e-learning activity can also be managed accurately.
Often, in our day-to-day life we just ignore some small information that
would be a valuable one in upcoming years and we spend a measurable
amount of time in digging out that information in later days. Same thing
happens to most of the institutes that are dependent mainly on data but
often ignores the storing this data in a proper way. These data could be a
valuable asset in the coming days. There comes the need of a structured
data warehouse that will maintain information necessary to meet academic
and administrative goals in the higher education institute management
system and can be helpful in conducting courses like e-learning.
1.2 Summary of Literature Survey:
In the way of applying the data warehousing concept in education institutes
or university, various approaches have been taken into account in different
research works, which are described briefly in chapter 2. Among them,
most of the approaches have considered the fact that data management in
the university information system must be organized in such a way, that
they should be able to provide valuable information as and when required.
Thus the application of data warehouse has been widely accepted by
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several research institutes and organizations. But, most of them only
concentrated on a particular area for data mining purpose. As an example,
for student‟s and teacher‟s evaluation, the student data mart and faculty
data mart was considered and learning index was built to measure the
performance. In an approach, the data from LMS was also considered for
the evaluation purpose. All they lack is considering the academic and
administrative needs together so that information barriers among students,
faculty, administrators and other constituents can be set to minimal which
is the major aspect in this research work.
1.3 Brief Discussion on the Problem:
The most important aspect in the sake of data management is that, the
value and significance of information are often increased within context of
other information. Despite the availability of powerful computers,
advanced network and communication infrastructures, educational
decision maker still lack access to the critical information necessary for
decision making in different scenario. The reason is that the data integrity
is not maintained among different subsystems. Generally they are stored in
different operational databases with their respective basic structure and
standard. Below are a few examples of the problems with respect to this
structure:
If the university decides for a scholarship scheme for needy and
meritorious students availing courses, then the students need to
submit the details individually after the announcement, and
based on that decision would have been made.
This decision could be made within a few minutes without the student
intervention if the student information in the Student database and his
corresponding information in the Finance database were related and the
decision maker could have access to this required information for reporting
purpose only.
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Access rate of a particular book in the library for a particular
course by the students
The respective teacher does not need to go and search in the library. He can
get this view himself through report if the repository for student and
library are logically or physically connected.
Sometimes, examination form is distributed among the students
on the basis of fees submitted for that semester. For that students
need to collect the proof of submission from the finance
department and show that to the examination department.
This problem can also be solved and students can collect the form from
online with their login id. If the two departments are connected on the
basis of a particular student id, then their access to the form will be given
on the status of their fees submission.
In this way effective data management with a proper data warehouse will
convert the general data into useful information for perfect course setup,
process management, student interest identification and evaluation of
students as well as the teaching process through e-governance.
1.4 Objective and Constraints/Assumption:
The main purpose of the proposed data model is to find a relation among
all the possible entities within the departments in the institute or university
that is required to organize and conduct any course by e-governance and
design a data model that will be virtually subdivided into different
schemas, but will act as a central hub to the institute‟s administrative
information system.
Since, the university has diverse needs and end users may vary depending
on the area of analysis, the model is designed to support a warehouse that
will provide information through reports with help of below separate
access mechanism:
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Reporting Tool: Some ad hoc report templates have been generated
and the reports have been shown using the reporting tool BO
(Business Object) with Oracle 10g as a backend database.
Custom Query: Programs can be written to access the warehouse
using structured query language (SQL). Data can also be accessed by
writing full applications using Java, PowerBuilder etc.
The proposed model is based on some common processes that are being
conducted while attaining a course. These processes are shown via some
data flow diagrams that are discussed elaborately in chapter 4. Also the
relationship among the entities and their attributes are assumed on the
basis of their existence and activity in the course management curriculum.
This may vary according to the needs of the institute or university
management information system.
1.5 Organization of Thesis:
After the introduction of the research work and a brief discussion on the
summary of the literature survey with problem to be solved, objective,
constraints and assumption the organization of the rest of the thesis is as
follows:
Chapter two describes the literature survey.
Chapter three describes the problem statement and objective.
Chapter four describes the requirement analysis, design and the
implementation of the data model. The design part is subdivided
into three parts. The first part deals with the overall functional
design and requirement analysis and the second part deals with the
data flow diagrams and conceptual diagrams for the database level
implementation. The third part deals with the detection of the
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entities and their functions in the database. The implementation
section contains the entire data model along with the relationship
among all the entities depicted from the previous procedures.
Chapter five describes the result along with test cases and
interpretations of the results.
Chapter six describes the conclusion of the entire work and future
scope.
Chapter seven contains the references made for this research work.
Appendix section is divided into three parts. Among these the first
section contains the table structures of the warehouse as designed
in the data model and the necessary constraints among them. The
second part contains the test data that have been provided for
generating the reports. The third section contains the snapshots of
the results made by the reporting tool BO and through custom
query via sqlplus.
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2 LITERATURE SURVEY:
As a part of the data driven organization, education is an exemplary activity
that is increasingly being offered through the web. In their lifetime, the
education institutes gather huge amount of data during the process of
teaching, learning and management. For the need of university development
purpose, the DSS (Decision Support System) needs to be set up with proper
warehousing and mining technology. This can speed up the enhancement of
the education system to establish the perfect courses setup and to improve the
mechanism of teaching. A typical example of the extent of integration of the
technology of data warehouse, data mining etc, can be seen as a model of
university decision support depicted by Meijing Kong, Wan-Zhen Zhou,
Wen-Tao Wang and Hong-Bin Gao in [15] as below:
Figure 1: A model of university decision support (Adopted from [15])
In the above model, the data warehouse management system performs various
operations such as organization of data warehouse and abstraction of data.
Data mining gets useful information from this organization of data and
User (decision-making)
The man-machine conversion interface
Model base system
Knowledge base system
Decision information
Data mining
Data warehouse management system
Data Warehouse
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satisfies various requirement of decision support system. The conversation
model of man and computer enables interactive interface containing user and
system. Thus by data mining from the great deal of data gathered by various
departments, proper decision can be made about the teaching plan and course
setting. But, if the decision and analysis is based on the data sets which are
dispersed among various departments and systems, many problem may arise
such as lack in uniformity in standard and organization. So, a proper
warehouse needs to be build up by taking into consideration the factors like
integrity, consistency and uniformity that will provide appropriate input to
this mining system and DSS [15].
From the above discussions, need of a proper warehouse is very prominent
as per the discussion in [15], but only mining technology is considered and
implemented over there. The relationship among the entities in a university
management system remained a concealed part of that work. Apart from this,
for the sake of a data warehouse, the mining technology needs input from data
base through various fact and dimension tables as per the entities identified in
the management system. Considering this circumstances, another approach
was taken by Marta Zorrilla in his work in [17] where design of a web house is
depicted which is adapted to support collaborative actions in e-learning so
that the integrated collaborative e-learning structure can be supported.
In web based learning, the user, that is the students and teachers are
provided with adequate tool recovering the limitations of temporal constraints
[17]. In the case of e-learning, the lack of student-educator relationship is
evident as the teacher does not directly controls the student activity and the
students also express their problems in a natural way. This problem is found
in different web based learning environment. It is very difficult and time
consuming for the educators to track all the student activities in detail and
assess accordingly to evaluate the structure of the course and its value in the
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learning process [17]. Although, data mining technology in e-learning is a
challenging activity, different architectures have been proposed for
collaborative e-learning systems. A special three component architecture
(operational, collaborative and analytical) presented by Gartnet Group [26], for
CRM can be easily translated when dealing with e-learning environment [17].
It is assumed over there that the modules of the collaborative actions are the
results of the patterns obtained from analyzing the components that are
connected to the operational module. For the implementation of these
architectures and the interchange of information to work, a data web house is
needed that will contain the structured information of the web. As part of the
implementation of this web house, a model was proposed, containing some
necessary entities of the university management system and corresponding
dimension and fact tables for the construction of the warehouse. The purpose
of this model is to discover the information to be stored so that most intelligent
decisions can be made. Three main kind of information have been
distinguished for this model such as, information related to student, faculty,
enrollment and exam as well as course structure [17]. This is the information
which is independent of the communication channel chosen to learn (face to
face or e-learning). Another type is navigational information which is related
to user navigation gathered by web server such as session, time of stay in
pages etc [17]. The third type is web site structure and content information
[17]. The design is just concentrated on the faculty and the students and
proposes to analyze them separately. This can be used as the supporting
structure for any mining architecture. The following data marts are obtained:
Navigational data mart, Learning Data Mart, Teaching Data Mart and Course
Data Mart [17].
The above system can further be improved by implementing data marts for
other kind of information so that the overall information need can be satisfied
by the university decision makers and a generalized view can be obtained in
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the global infrastructure of learning and teaching management. In fact, the
need of a proper data warehousing technology is very prominent at this point
of structured implementation need by the university decision maker.
A DW (Data Warehouse) system helps us to enhance the personalization and
content distribution. So, the use of data warehouse in e-learning is very helpful
in decision making process by the teachers and the administrators. Depending
on the analysis, the content structure can be modified according to the user
needs. In the recent years, university education is facing higher quality and
flexibility in teaching and environmental structure. The number of students
who are unable to follow the traditional method of learning due to time and
space constraint, has increased in a large account in the past few years in
higher education. So, learning method is also undergoing to a new approach,
which is student centered learning, providing the student more control over
his/her learning. Different software packages like the LMS (Learning
Management System), CMS (Content Management System), ELMS (Enterprise
Learning Management System) etc have been developed that enables the
management and delivery of learning content and facilitate anytime and
anywhere access to learning content by the students. However these systems
do not support data analysis directly, which can enable the teachers or
decision makers to evaluate the students according to their behavior over e-
learning platform. The use of DW technique can resolve the problem by
providing an integrated source of information gathering the data from these
heterogeneous systems.
In the progress of structuring the data needs of the education decision
makers, and in accordance with the discussed deficiencies depicted in the
previous works, a more sophisticated approach was found in the EDUCASE
decision support and data warehousing constituent group (Heise, 2007) [2 ] . A
business intelligence approach is taken over there to track the data of LMS and
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other sources and store them in an intelligent manner so that it can be used for
decision making. As per the inclusion of LMS, E -learning can be defined as
any kind of learning by means of any kind of information and communication
technology (ICT). Each time a student logs on to the LMS, participates in an
online discussion or reads an electronic document, an electronic transaction is
performed. With each of the transaction data are captured by the LMS. The
value as well as importance of information increases within the perspective of
other information. The value of LMS tracking data can also be increased
within context of information from other module. Then this tracking data can
be associated with the measures of teaching effectiveness, such as results,
learning styles and student satisfaction. This information context creation is
possible when a deliberate business intelligence approach is followed to build
the warehouse [2]. As a practical implementation of this concept, a framework
based on Kimball‟s generic business intelligence framework within the context
of Higher Education Institute is shown as below:
Figure: 2
Source system
(E.g. LMS)
Source systems ETL Data Warehouse Analysis
Manual Input (E.g. survey
data from MS excel, MS
Access)
Source system (E.g. ERP)
Source system
(E.g. SIS)
Source system
(E.g. Finance)
Staging Conversion
(Extract - Transform -
Load)
Example of data marts
Example of data
Warehouse dimensions
Click-stream data mart
Student data mart
Alumni
Students
Lectures
LMS tools
Modules Results
Data Mart Repository
( Definition of source formulas etc.)
Ad-Hoc
Analysis
Standard measures data mart
Standard measures of online teaching effectiveness
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In this model, data from sources are extracted, transformed and loaded in the
warehouse consisting of data marts. Data in the warehouse is then organized
in such a way to provide support for ad hoc analysis. Out of this some
effective measures for e-teaching effectiveness are consolidated to provide a
set of standard measures. EDUCASE maintains a directory of data warehouses
in higher education as part of the activities of EDUCASE decision support and
data warehousing constituent group (Heise, 2007) [2]. Enterprise Resource
Planning (ERP) systems, Student Information Systems (SIS), and learning
Management Systems (LMS) are typically source systems for the warehouse.
The EDUCAUSE HE data warehouse contains data marts such as alumni,
prospective students, modules and facilities. Most analyses drawn from these
data marts are designed to support decision-making on strategic level. Some
operational and micro-level decision support is provided in the form of
customer (student) relationship management (CRM) type of queries to enable
marketing and communication targeted specifically at potential students or
donors [2]. Mainly e-teaching effectiveness is considered with respect to some
measurement like, learning styles, student results and satisfaction. Also
measures of online behavior are also considered with respect to click stream
data mart, where total number of hits per student per module etc is calculated.
The above work mainly focused on LMS tracking data for micro level decision
making in the organization. Data mart concept is adopted here, but that does
not content all the data corresponding to various entities necessary for any
kind of operational decision making in the educational organization. In fact,
the logical integrated data model concept is still a bit away from their solution.
The same kind of approach is also taken by F. Araque1, A. Salguero1.
Martínez2, E. Navarro1 and M. Calero1 in their work related to the use of
warehousing for improving web based learning sites in [1]. Here the DW (Data
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Warehouse) is fed by the data generated by students when navigating through
the platform. After that, On Line Analytical Processing (OLAP) is used to
generate valuable reports based on the analysis and help in the learning
evolution [1]. This would help to improve the relationship between the teacher
and the student. A generic functional architecture was proposed in [1] as
below:
Figure 3: Functional Architecture
Here the DW is fed by the data from e-learning platform. After that the Data
Mart is loaded with useful information necessary for analysis. The education
will be able to access the data mart data through an interface inside the
e-learning platform. This platform can be helpful in answering several
questions like how long the student is connected to the platform, which is the
most popular page, the connection percentage from university campus etc. A
multidimensional schema including activity, student, source, target and time
have been defined to implement this. OLAP servers are actually software tools
that help to prepare data for analysis, query processing, reporting and mining
[1]. An e-learning platform has also been developed using ASP.NET which is
based on learning modules. If data were extracted from the distributed data
sources, then they would need to be correlated at a particular point of time
Students
E-Learning Platform
Data
Warehouse Data mart OLAP
Data about
student navigation
Feed back data
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before presenting to the user. But, in the DW it can be found in a central place.
In this way an approach has been taken into consideration by integrating the
DW concept and OLAP technique for the evolution and decision making in
e-learning.
In the above model, the DW and the data marts can only be implemented
using relational databases defining multidimensional structure. But, this
structural detail is not been considered as a major part of the generic
architecture proposed in [1] as well as in [2].
In another e-learning management initiative taken by technical university of
Graz to support multimedia method in engineering education has also
realized the need for establishment of central database because of the
problems concerning the cooperation between the administrational staff and
the education department [4]. They supported the following basic rules:
Data should be collected or manipulated electronically at the
responsible organization
Each data-item should exist only once in the system, no duplicates, no
transfers
Each person on the university should have a personal identification in
the system
The persons privileges in the system should depend on its functions on
the university
Only one central database should be used (for maintenance- and
support-reasons)
A very generic application model was proposed by them consisting of five
embedded layers that were also fully integrated in the E-R model as shown in
the next page.
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Figure: 4
This model can be understood very easily by this example:
The identified person “X” is connected to
The function “Lecture-Manager” that is connected to
The role “Edit Lecture” of
The program “Lecture Management” that operates on
The data “Lectures” of the organization ”Z” department to which the
function belongs [4]
The goal of this model was to allow a much decentralized access management
for the system. The above considerations have partly described some of the
basic relational database design needs that would help towards defining an
integrated data model.
In the way of progress, another very different approach has been taken into
account towards the need of achieving a dynamic data model scheme. Today
many e-learning systems achieve high standards in delivering online courses
via web technologies and database system. But more or less, these systems are
based on rigid data model or schema that was predefined in the database to
provide data storage structure for contents. Many e-learning systems are
Identified persons
Functions
Roles
Programs
Data
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supported with a backend database system. The database system works as the
storage of the contents data in the e-learning system. The use of a database
system provides fast retrieval of data information, and it stores the data in an
organized, logical and non-redundant manner [5]. In the database driven e-
learning system, this model can be crucial in analyzing the data requirement in
the system. The most concerned issue includes the inflexibility of the data
model that leads to unalterable contents data structure and its layout format,
because the attributes in the data model are expected to be hard coded during
the development in most cases [5]. To avoid such inflexibility and improve the
performance in the e-learning system, Chee Chern LIM, Man Hing YU, Jesse J.
JIN proposed an approach of generic data model scheme in the database
structure and interface design toolkit which allows the users to make
modifications on the data structure and the system has the ability to adapt
these changes [5]. Their work focused on the issues related to the design and
development of an e-learning system named Cyber Campus. Cyber Campus is
a web-based teaching and learning education system developed based on the
proposed generic data model scheme [5]. Most e-learning systems do not
allow alternation on the data structure after the completion of system
development. Thus, any small alteration in the database require large amount
of processing time. To overcome such problems, the proposed generic data
model contains two entities: FORM_PAGE and FORM_FIELD. FORM_PAGE
stores the contents in the presenting page, and FORM_FIELD stores data or
attributes in the form. Any alteration of the data structure will be solely on the
FORM_FIELD table, without further modification of codes in HTML form
page. It was developed with additional special layer interface in the e-learning
system.
Thus, the generic data model scheme was proposed with some relational
entities, which were implemented with some extra database layer connections
and some other additional portal, as well as technical requirement, which are
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adopted by the e-learning system Cyber Campus. But, this approach can only
be taken after identification of entities based on the data requirement and their
relationships in the systems. Also additional cost may be an overhead to
achieve this kind of generic data model in the e-learning system. A need for an
integrated database level approach is still remains very necessary but,
concealed fact in all of the above discussions.
In the need of data warehouse as per the previous methodologies, apart from
the operational and strategic decision making another very important task like
content management process was also considered for which an approach was
taken by Sean Wolfgand Matsui Siqueira, Maria Helena Lima Baptista Braz
and Rubens Nascimento Melo in [24], in which two different content views
was noticed: operational and explorary. The operational view is used for
insertion, update and deletion of the content while the explorary view
provides the perception of the available content through the navigational
queries. A five layer architecture based on data warehouse approach was
proposed in [24] which consider learning content management as well as
learning metadata proposal standards, domain ontologies and personalized
hypermedia content presentation. The proposed architecture is shown below:
Figure: 5
DW system‟s architecture (at left) and e-learning proposed architecture (at right)
DW Integrated
LO Metadata
Managerial
View
Operational
View
Analytical
Applications
E-Learning
Application
s
Metadata
Ontology
Transformer’s Extractors Semantic compositions
Exploratory
View
Operational
View
Learning Objects Repositories
Production Systems
DM2 DM2 Domain LO
OS1 OS2 OS3
Atomic LO
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The traditional data warehouse system is shown at the left side which
describes the flow of data from operational sources (OS), to the Data Marts
(DM) after extraction, cleansing and transformation. Analysis can be done
from the data of these data marts. In accordance with this DW architecture, a
five layer e-learning architecture is shown in the right side of which, the first
layer is for LO (Learning Object) repositories. Here we can find the atomic
LOs. They are actually the raw content as, they do not have any relationship
with other Los. The second layer is composed of structural-composed LOs.
They represent the composition of atomic LOs. In the third layer, we can the
integrated view of the objects and in the fourth layer the content can be seen
according to certain domain area. Finally, the fifth layer provides the
presentation of the LOs. It incorporates hypermedia concepts as well as
content personalization technique [24]. If the user makes a request to the e-
learning environment, the system checks the user profile and according to that
defines views over the LOs based on their relationships over layer three and
four and according to the role of the user. Thus, the content is presented
according to the user‟s profile following hypermedia modeling concepts [24].
Personalized content distribution technique shown in [24] can also be
adopted in personalized query distribution technique where a user or decision
maker will be provided with proper result or data set as per the role defined
for the user in the system because this warehouse is accessed by various users
of e-learning systems like educators, learners and decision makers for many
reasons.
An educational data warehouse comprises of information gathered from
heterogeneous, autonomous and distributed learning systems. One of the most
important tasks is to update the warehouse data in case of source information
changes. A view synchronized maintenance technique can be adopted to
update the warehouse as per the source changes in order to ensure integrity,
accessibility and availability of the afforded information as per the work of
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Jalel Akaichi in [7]. An agent based approach was taken to reduce the effects of
schema changes in the system. One of the major tasks of the electronic data
maintenance system is to update the warehouse as per the source information
changes. This approach has the goal to preserve the maximum number of
effected view definitions by occurrence of learning information sources
schema changes [7]. It is assumed that the information sources are integrated
in the e-learning system via a wrapper. This wrapper converts their structure
into a common rational model [7]. This E-DWMS system contains two basic
modeling tools of which one permits to user the expression of view definition
evolution via an extended SQL called Evolvable SQL (E-SQL) and another for
the description of the information sources (MISD) and the relationships
between them [7]. The View Knowledge Base (VKB) is an agent, which
contains views definition expressed with preferences by users and described
by E-SQL. The Meta Knowledge Base (MKB) revealed by MISD, represent the
base for any operation of view rewriting or view synchronization process [7].
In collaborative learning scenario, multiple schemas can be formed by the
individual institutes to provide some common e-learning resources to the
collaborating communities. In such situation the views can be formed with the
help of E-SQL. The E-SQL view definition can then be stored in the View
Knowledge Base (VKB). The rules and constraints are embodied in the MKB
for schema changes. Thus the availability of e-learning informational sources
in collaborative learning scenario under schema changes was optimized
adopting the above agent based model.
Though most of all the models described till now do not really concentrates on
the relational database structure or the data warehouse model implementation
part at all, but, this fact has been considered partially in the work presented by
Darja Solodovonikova and Laila Niedrite in [9]. Here the data from WebCT log
files and WebCT internal data have been combined along with the university
MIS in order to provide suitable information to learning and administration.
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The main purpose of this work was to evaluate the usage of WebCT at the
university. This was done with help of data warehouse where the sources
were Web log files and university MIS from which the data about courses,
student grades, study programs etc was extracted. The data warehouse was
implemented in the Oracle RDBMS. Data access was done by Oracle
Discoverer. Data loading was done on weekly basis. The warehouse star
schema presents the information about the structure and usage of the course. It
contains three fact tables like, Structure fact, usage fact, activity fact and
corresponding measurements and dimensions. The structure fact incorporates
the data about the course structure consisting of four dimensions: Time, Tool,
Course and teaching. The Usage fact table contains two measurements–
Number of registered students, Number of active students. This star schema
uses the dimensions Course and Time described above. The activity star
schema includes student activities in the WebCT during course acquisition [9].
This presents the usage information such as Hit number, Data amount and
Time which records student‟s usage. The overall source to warehouse loading
process as described in [9] is shown below:
Figure:6
Figure: The summarized loading process from WebCT data source
(Adopted from [9])
Log File
XML File
WebCT
database
WebCT Data
Source
Staging Area Data Warehouse
Table with proposed activity
informat ion (Table1)
Table with data about courses, users
and their roles
Table with course data and indices
(number and file size of tools)
Session Dimension
Activity Fact Table
Structure Fact Table
Usage Fact Table
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As per the model, the data sources of the warehouse include the Web server
log file and the WebCT‟s internal database. The university management
system (MIS) which is a relational database is not shown over there as the data
are extracted following a very well known way in data warehousing. Data
from the log file are first processed and loaded into a database. The WebCT
internal database is not a relational database. To extract the user role from
there WebCT API is used. It transfers the data into an XML file. Data about the
course structure and the number of registered and active students are
extracted from the WebCT internal database and summarized and loaded into
a table via a specifically developed script.
Thus different approaches have been taken into account to provide the
sufficient use of data in educational institutes including those conducting e -
learning and corresponding technological applications have also been
considered. It is evident from the previous discussions that a warehouse is a
must for any kind of decision making in higher education institute. But, from
the models proposed till now have only taken into account the functional
aspect and few of them have proposed an elementary diagram of entities
involved in the organization to evaluate the student and teacher performance.
This is not the overall aspect of any higher education institute who also
conducts e-learning courses. As, there is a lack of direct contact between the
institute and the learners in e-learning, and also disparity in information
between various departments, there must be an integrated warehouse system
that will relate all the components of the organization like academic, student,
staff information, Finance and library etc. If we can establish a link between all
of these components, then it will be far easier for the institute to analyze any
kind of situation for strategic, tactical and operational decision making as well
as the students could perform different other functionalities other than studies
like issue library card, fill up the examination form of submit fees in a
smoothly manner.
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Taking into account all of these aspects, an integrated data model approach
is proposed containing justified relation between some possible components of
an education institute.
This model can be subdivided into appropriate subject areas or schemas
providing sufficient privileges among them or can be applied as an integrated
one in the database. Thus the warehouse can be constructed comprising the
data coming from all of the components in a higher education institute
providing support to generate reports for any kind of decision making by
diverse users in the organization.
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3 PROBLEM STATEMENT AND OBJECTIVE:
The problem to be solved is to generate an integrated data model for e-
governance of information in higher education institutes.
There is no institute or university, which is running without data. In fact they
are the lifeblood of the higher education institute. E-governance is the
management of these data through electronic means so that time and efforts
needed by manual intervention can be minimized for fast recovery of
necessary information from the system. The primary objective of the education
institutes is the preservation, advancement and distribution of knowledge. To
fulfill this objective, universities enable students, faculty and other co-workers
to collect, exchange and increase knowledge by creating and using information
in the form of data. On the other side, the administrative functions that
support and enable this knowledge development also rely heavily on this data.
This data dependency becomes inevitable in case of courses like e-learning. As
the student-teacher interaction is minimal here, a large amount of the
processes are only data driven. Most of the times, these data are only kept for
record keeping purposes and in an unorganized manner. In that case
information extraction really becomes a very tough job. The reason is that, to
become information data must be presented in a proper and structured way.
There comes the need of a well organized data warehouse and for that an
integrated data model that will contain the relationship among the entities and
there attributes in the education institute or university community.
If data are kept in a way that is readily understandable and accessible by the
required user, then they can spend less time on searching and collecting
information rather than using it. A good correlation is also possible among the
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various departments if they can get standardized and synchronized
information instead of the scattered one. Also, data analysis will be an easier
one if statistics can be obtained from harmonized information out of the
history and current data. An integrated synchronized data repository would
therefore help the administrative as well as the other tasks easier and efficient
with respect to the one that is dependent on the separate and scattered data
without any synchronization.
The basic vision of the data model proposed in this work is to point out the
relationship between every single entity and their attributes necessary to
conduct a course in the university so that data duplicity can be set to minimal
and convenient access to the accurate and up-to-date information is possible.
This approach reduces the anomaly among the data and storage requirement..
Also this model is build in such a way, that department wise data can be
virtually kept in separate schemas and necessary access can be given to the
other departments so that data consistency can be maintained. Also, history
data can be maintained in synch with current one so that trend analysis and
other valuable information can be extracted out of it. In brief, the integrated
data model consist the following features:
Applicable relationship among all the possible entities
Minimal duplicate attribute
Flexibility of being implemented as an integrated one or can be
implemented as different schemas which will be maintained by
different group of administrators according to various departments.
Flexibility of structure capable of sharing of information among
different group of users via different schemas that will be controlled via
necessary grants. The model is presented as an integrated one and also
subdivided into different subject areas according to the different
departments in the university.
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Capability of maintaining “Changed Data Capture” facility.
Capability of tracking history records with synchronization with the
current data.
Selection of attributes suitable for report generation activity both via
any reporting tool as well as custom query by means of Structured
Query Language.
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4 REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS / DESIGN / IMPLEMENTATION:
The design of this research work is mainly concentrated on building the data
model to organize an integrated repository or data warehouse and the concept
of building this model is divided into three parts:
Requirement analysis
This part deals with the reporting needs of the users considering the
academic as well as management‟s expectation that helps in the
subsequent phases to figure out the subject areas and entities within
the university curriculum.
Design Methodology
This part is divided into three sub parts
The first part deals with the conceptual view of the overall
process and the applicability of the repository in the system
along with the subject areas.
The second part deals with the data flow diagrams to identify
the entities and understand the relationship among them
The third part consists of the conceptual view of the database
level implementation of the data stores or entities and the
schema level division of the integrated data stores.
Implementation
The third part deals with the actual data model concept that will be
applied in the data warehouse.
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4.1 Requirement Analysis
Some of the reporting needs among the diverse users of the data
warehouse have been classified into three categories for the sake of this
research work as below:
From Academic point of View
The Student is promoted or not to the next semester so that
examination form can be provided to him
Fees submission for the semester is complete or not.
The student is eligible to appear for the supplementary exam or
he has covered the maximum chances for the exam.
The student can issue a book or not
Whether clearance can be given from all the necessary
departments to the student for passing out at the end of the
course.
Whether the student has submitted the fees for issuing the
library card.
If any fine is pending due to book submission in the library.
From the Educator‟s point of view:
The student‟s progress report is satisfactory or not.
What kind of book is most accessed by the student for a
particular subject?
What is the progress report of the backward class students?
Comparative study of access rates of the LMS and result.
How many students are availing the library?
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From Management‟s Point of View
Need to launch a scheme for needy meritorious students.
Teaching Staffs availability for a particular subject.
What is the academic background of the students availing the
course?
Need for the course in a particular state or local area.
Attrition rate if any.
How many students are having multiple courses under same
university?
Comparative study between different courses by comparing
their results.
Visiting Staffs details.
Keeping in mind the above reporting requirement, design strategy of the
data warehouse and the data model have been decided in the subsequent
phases so that it can afford similar kind of other reporting needs also.
4.2 Design Methodology
4.2.1 Part – One: Functional Design and Subject Area Detection
While designing Part I, at first eight subject areas have been decided
considering some of the general processes like student admission,
examination procedure etc as below:
Academic
Faculty
Student
KMR
Library
Finance
Student assessment
General
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The subject area “Academic” is for storing the entire academic details like
subject, course etc. “Faculty” subject area is for storing the faculty details.
In the same way, “Student” is for storing the student details. “KMR” is the
Key Muster Rolls that is for tracking the registration details of the students.
“Library” will manage all the transactional data and book detail related to
library. “Finance” is for storing the financial transaction related data.
“Student Assessment” is for storing all the records of the students for the
assessments including the examination details assigned to a course. At last,
“General” subject area is for storing the common information that will be
required by all the other subject areas for managing information.
These subject areas have been shown each as a separate schema that is
under the control of separate administrative groups. All of them share the
required information with the other schemas or administrative groups so
that data integrity and consistency is maintained.
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The conceptual view incorporating these subject areas within the
repository has been depicted as a model as shown below:
Figure: 7 Integrated Data Warehouse/ Repository Model
Description
In the above diagram, data from the sources are kept in the repository
according to the predefined structure, which will be implemented as per
the data model that will be derived in the subsequent sections. Data can be
stored in the warehouse directly from the web or excel files or can be
Manual
Input (E.g.
Data from
excel, CSV
etc)
Web Data
Student
Student
Assessment
Academic
Faculty
Library
Finance
General (Contains the
synonyms of the shared tables if requi red along with the
common tables)
Integrated Repository View
Add-
Hoc Analysis
by Admin
Yearly
Report
Decision
Making
Web User
Access
Feedback
Academic Control
Examination Control
Administrative Control
KMR
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stored manually. These data will be stored in different schemas according
to their subject areas that will be under the control of three administrative
groups mainly:
Academic Control
Examination Control
Administrative Control
Under academic control, there will be two schemas: Academic and Library.
Under Examination control there will be one schema namely Student
Assessment. Under Administrative control, there will be three schemas:
Student, Faculty, KMR and Finance. The common tables and the required
views will be represented by the General schema that will be shared by all
other schemas. Connectivity through proper grant will also be maintained
among all these schemas, so that data integrity is maintained. Having
implemented, this repository or warehouse can be used for several
purposes like, yearly report generation, Ad-hoc analysis by ad-hoc report
generation using any reporting tool or just by firing SQL queries to the
database, decision making by data mining and web users can also access
this database as per their needs decided by the administration body. These
web users can then provide input to the system as feedback provided
proper access is given to them. This integrated repository virtually divided
by separate schemas will be helpful in managing the information
requirement of the diverse group of users within the university with
maintaining proper security and access control as per the structure. Thus,
all the activities related to the academic and administrative aspects of the
institute will have convenient access to relevant, accurate and up-to-date
information across the community.
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4.2.2 Part – Two: Construction of Data Flow Diagrams
Designing of part II consists of the Data Flow Diagrams (DFD) according to
the academic and administrative activities in the university. The DFD
construction is mainly divided into three levels: Level 0, Level 1 and Level
2.
Below is the detail of Level 0 DFD construction which considers a single
process considering all the activities within the university.
The following external entities have been considered that will provide
input to the process “University Management System” and will receive
corresponding outputs from it:
1) Entities:
Student
Faculty Council
Faculty
Administration Body
Finance
Examination Controller
Librarian
KMR
Department
Only a single process “University Management” has been considered that
will represent all the processes in the curriculum.
2) Processes:
University Management System
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Data flows have been named as per the entities so that in and out flows can
be separated according to the entities. The standards adopted while
naming the data flows are described as below:
DO: Output from the entity Department.
DI: input to the Entity Department
LO: Output from the entity Library
LI: Input to the entity Library
FCO: Output from the entity Faculty Council
FCI: Input to the entity Faculty Council
SO: Output from the entity Student
SI: Input to the entity Student
AO: Output from the entity Administration Body
AI: Input to the entity Administration Body
FNO: Output from the entity Finance
FNI: Input to the entity Finance
KO: Output from the entity KMR
KI: Input to the entity KMR
FTO: Output from the entity Faculty
FTI: Input to the entity Faculty
ECO: Output from the entity Examination Controller
ECI: Input to the entity Examination Controller
The number of inputs and outputs for a single entity are shown along with
numbers in the corresponding line. Only two single line have been
considered for each entity for representing the in and out flows from and to
the “University Management System” process. The individual data flow
details corresponding to each entity are described in the next section.
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3) Data Flows:
DO :
DO1: Course setup and details
DO2: Assign subject id to subject
DO3: Assign course id to course
DO4: Assign subjects to courses
DO5: Send Faculty requirement details
DO6: Subject and project assignment to Faculty
DO7: Subject List
DO8: Sends List of Paper setter, examinee and examiner
DO9: Sends Student Application
DO10: Sends the Faculty Information
DO11: Department wise expenditure details
DI:
DI1: Request for Faculty information
DI2: Approval Status
DI3: Recruited Faculty Details
DI4: Exam Ids and Examination Date
DI5: Selected candidate list and information
DI6: Request for Paper setter, examinee and Examiner List
LO:
LO1: Issue Library Cards to Faculty
LO2: Request the status of availability of the required book
LO3: Request the status of number of books issued by the
student
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LO4: Issues Book according to availability and previous issue
status
LO5: Issues books for Faculty
LO6: Check submission date and calculates the fine if any
LI:
LI1: Book issue request
LI2: Sends Status
LI3: Sends Submitted Book
LI4: Receive deposited fine
LI5: Library Card Request for Faculty
LI6: Book issue request for Faculty
FCO:
FCO1: Send approval to Department
FCO2: Reviewed list
FCO3: Assign course id to course
FCO4: Assign subjects to courses
FCO5: Send Faculty requirement details
FCO6: Subject and project assignment to Faculty
FCI:
FCI1: Get the approval from Administrator
FCI2: Course setup details
FCI3: Faculty requirement details for review
FCI4: Recruited Faculty Details
FCI5: Request Applications for Candidates
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SO:
SO1: Provides Details
SO2: Deposits fees for Admission and Registration
SO3: Deposit Fees for Library
SO4: Request for Book
SO5: Deposits fine if any
SO6: Submits book
SO7: Request the form
SO8: Submit the form along with exam fees
SO9: Submit exam papers
SO10: Deposits Fees for semester
SI:
SI1: Provides the student id
SI2: Generate Library Card-ID and Issues Library Card
SI3: Provide Book
SI4: Send fine details and submission status
SI5: Exam notice as per the instruction
SI6: Get the form
SI7: Generate and send the exam roll id and exam date
SI8: Generates and publishes the result
SI9: Send the receipt
AO:
AO1: Sends approval detail
AO2: Send approval for Faculty recruitment
AO3: Allocates Administrative Role
AO4: Provides instruction and information
AO5: Assign Start time and end time for a course in a session
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AI:
AI1: Course setup details From Faculty for Approval
AI2: Get the reviewed staff requirement list
AI3: Recruited Faculty Details
AI3: Admitted student information
FNO:
FNO1: Sends library fees submission status
FNO2: Send the fees clearance status
FNO3: Sends Clearance for Admission
FNO4:Sends Calculated Reports and clearance
FNI:
FNI1: Send collected fess and request for library fees
submission status
FNI2: Request for course fees submission status
FNI3: Sends the collected fees to the Finance
FNI4: Fees Collection
FNI5: Collected Fees and other cost details
KO:
KO1: Provide Confirmation
KO2: Generate Student Id
KO2: Provides Registration id
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KI:
KI1: Sends Details for verification
KI2: Request for Registration
FTO:
FTO1: Request for Library Card
FTO2: Request for Book
FTO3: Sends the faculty details
FTO4: Question Papers
FTO5: Send the marks details
FTO6: Send the evaluated papers along with marks
FTI:
FTI1: Get the Library Card
FTI2: Get the Book
FTI3: Recruitment confirmation
FTI4: Generate and send the Staff-ID
FTI5: Get the assignment detail
FTI6: Appointment for paper setter and evaluation
FTI7: Send the paper for evaluation
FTI8: Request for sessional marks and attendance records
FTI9: Provides the salary
ECO:
ECO1: Examination Date
ECO2: Send the list of examiners for evaluation
ECO3: Provides approval for publishing the result
ECO4: Send the eligibility status
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ECO5: Instruction for form fill up and exam fees submission
ECO6: Send the Selected papers
ECI:
ECI1: Get the subject list
ECI2: Get the Question Papers
ECI3: Request for eligibility checking
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Data Flow Diagram Level - 0 (Context Diagram):
Figure: 8
In the above diagram multiple lines have been indicated by a slash along
with the name and number beside the lines.
University Management
System
Student Librarian
Finance
Faculty
Faculty
Council
Admin istration
Body
Examination
Controller
Department
KMR
6DI 11DO
9SI
10SO
4AI
6LI
6LO
5AO
2KI
3KO 5FNI
4FNO
4FCI
6FCO
9FTI
7FTO
3ECI 7ECO
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Data Flow Diagram Level – 1
At level 1 the entities remain the same as described in level 0. Only the
main process has been subdivided into six sub processes according to
which data flows have been decided. In the data flow diagrams, a single
line has been used for indicating the input or output from the individual
entity to individual process. If input or output is more than one, then this
number is shown along with the line. Later on the data flows have been
described in detail in the child diagrams where all the inputs and outputs
are shown. Below are the entity and process details:
1) Entity:
Student
Faculty Council
Faculty
Administration Body
Finance
Examination Controller
Librarian
KMR
Department
2) Processes:
Student Admission
Library Management
Faculty Management
Student Assessment
Financial Transaction management
Academic
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Data Flow Diagram (Consolidated) Level – 1
Figure: 9
In the above figure, to represent multiple lines, a slash has been used along with
the number beside the line.
Student
Librarian
Administration
Body
Faculty Council
Finance
Faculty
Examination
Controller
KMR
Library Management
Course Management
Faculty Management
Student
Assessment
Process
Admission
Financial
Transaction Management
Department
6
6
3 3
6 2
3
3
4
2
4
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
4
3
3 3
2
2
2
4
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Data flow details of the above diagram are given in the child diagrams in the
coming sections.
Child Diagrams - Library Management:
Figure: 10
Details of the Child Diagram for Library Management:
Library
Management
Student
Librarian Finance
11) Provide
Book
9) Sends Status
4) Generate Library Card-
ID and Issues Library Card
5)
Request
for Book
7) Request the status of availability of the
required book
3) Sends library
fees submission status
8) Request the status of number of books
issued by the student
10) Issues Book according to
availability and previous issue
status
1) Deposit Fees
for Library
2) Send
collected
fess and
request for
library fees
submission
status
6) Book issue request
12) Submits book
13) Sends Submitted Book
14) Check
submission date
and calculates the
fine if any
15) Send
fine details
and
submission
status
16) Deposits fine i f
any
17) Receive deposited fine
Faculty
Request for Library Card
Library Card Request for Faculty
Issue Library Cards to Faculty
Get the Library
Card
Request for Book
Book issue request for Faculty
Issues books for Faculty
Get the Book
Submits the book
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1) Entities:
Student
Faculty
Librarian
Finance
2) Processes:
Library Management
3) Data Flows:
3.1) Deposit Fees for Library
3.2) Send collected fess and request for library fees submission status
3.3) Sends library fees submission status
3.4) Generate Library Card-ID and Issues Library Card
3.5) Request for Book
3.6) Book issue request
3.7) Request the status of availability of the required book
3.8) Request the status of number of books issued by the student
3.9) Sends Status
3.10) Issues Book according to availability and previous issue status
3.11) Provide Book
3.12) Submits book
3.13) Sends Submitted Book
3.14) Check submission date and calculates the fine if any
3.15) Send fine details and submission status
3.16) Deposits fine if any
3.17) Receive deposited fine
3.18) Request for Library Card
3.19) Library Card Request for Faculty
3.20) Issue Library Cards to Faculty
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3.21) Receives the library card
3.22) Book issue request for Faculty
3.23) Issues books for Faculty
3.24) Receives the book
3.25) Submits the book
According to the data flows, the student first deposits fees for library to the
Library Management System. The fees are then sent to Finance and fees
submission status is requested. Finance sends the library fees submission
status to Library Management System. Receiving the status, library card is
generated and issued to the student. After receiving the library card,
student request for book issue. Book issue request is sent to the librarian.
Librarian requests for the status of the availability of the book from the
Library Management System. Also the status of number of books issued by
the student is requested. Status is then sent to the librarian. Then librarian
issues book according to the status. Book is provided to the student.
Student then submits the book on, before or later the due date. The
submitted book is sent to the librarian. Librarian calculates the fine if any.
Then the fine details and submission status is sent back to the student from
the system. The student deposits the fine. The librarian receives the
deposited fine. The faculty also requests for issuing the library card to the
Library Management System. The library card issue request is sent to the
librarian. Librarian issues card for faculty. Then faculty receives the library
card. He then requests for book issue. The librarian receives the book issue
request for faculty. He then issues books for faculty. The faculty then
receives the book. After that he submits the book when required. In this
way, the Library Management System is depicted for identifying the data
Stores that are introduced in the Level 2 Data Flow
Diagrams.
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Child Diagram - Course Management:
Figure: 11
Details of the Child Diagram for Course Management:
1) Entities:
Administration Body
Faculty Council
Department
2) Processes:
Course Management
Course
Management
Faculty
Council
1) Course setup and
details
4) Sends approval detail
Assign Start t ime and end time for
a course in a session Assign subject id
to subject
Administration
Body Department
2) Course setup details for
approval
3) Course setup details From
Faculty for Approval
5) Get the approval
from Administrator
6) Send approval
to Department
7) Approval
Status
Assign course id
to course
Assign subjects
to courses
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3) Data Flows:
3.1) Course setup and details
3.2) Course setup details for approval
3.3) Course setup details From Faculty for Approval
3.4) Sends approval detail
3.5) Get the approval from Administrator
3.6) Send approval to Department
3.7) Approval Status
3.8) Assign course id to course
3.9) Assign subject id to subject
3.10) Assign subjects to courses
3.11) Assign Start time and end time for a course in a session
According to the data flows, at first course setup details are sent from the
department to the Faculty Council via course management system for
approval. Then Faculty Council sends these to Administration Body for
approval. Then the approval to Faculty Council is sent via Administration
Body. Then Faculty Council sends this approval status to Department.
Then Department sends the course id along with the subject id and course-
subject assignment detail to Course Management System. Then the
administration body sends the course start time and end time for a session
to the course management system. Based on these data flows data stores
have been shown in the level 2 DFD in the next phase.
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Child Diagram - Faculty Management:
Figure: 12
Faculty Management
Administration
Body
Faculty Council
5) Send approval for
Faculty recruitment
7) Sends
Details
11) Allocates Role for
faculty
12) Provides Role Id
Department
14) Subject and project
assignment to Faculty
2) Faculty requirement
details for review
3) Reviewed list
4) Get the reviewed faculty requirement
list
Faculty
6) Recruitment
confirmation
8) Generate and send
the staff_ID
9) Recruited Faculty
Details
10) Recruited Faculty Details
9) Recruited
Faculty Details
1) Send Faculty
requirement details
15) Get the assignment
detail
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Details of the Child Diagram for Faculty Management:
1) Entities:
Student
Faculty
Librarian
Finance
2) Processes:
Faculty Management
3) Data Flows:
3.1) Send Faculty requirement details
3.2) Faculty requirement details for review
3.3) Reviewed list
3.4) Get the reviewed staff requirement list
3.5) Send approval for Faculty recruitment
3.6) Recruitment confirmation
3.7) Sends Details
3.8) Generate and send the staff-ID
3.9) Recruited Faculty Details
3.10) Recruited Faculty Details
3.11) Allocates Role for faculty
3.12) Provides Role Id
3.13) Subject and project assignment to Faculty
3.14) Get the assignment detail
According to the data flows, at first faculty requirement details are sent
from the Department to the Faculty Management Process. Then it is sent to
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the Faculty Council for review. Faculty Council sends the reviewed list to
the system. Then this reviewed faculty requirement list is sent to the
Administration Body for approval. Administration Body then sends the
approval. Then confirmation is send to the corresponding faculty for
recruitment. After that, faculty sends his details to the Faculty Management
System. Then Staff-id is generated by the system and it is then sent to the
faculty for his unique identity. The recruited faculty details are then sent to
the corresponding Department. At the same time role is allocated for the
faculty by the Administration Body. Then corresponding role-id is given to
the faculty. After all the processes are done, then subject or project
assignments are given to the faculty by the Department. Faculty receives
the assignment details from the Faculty Management System.
Thus, considering the above general data flows, the data stores are decided
and the details are given in the level - 2 DFD for Faculty Management in
the next phase.
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Child Diagrams – Student Assessment:
Figure: 13
Student
Assessment Process
Student
Examination
Controller
Finance
Faculty
Department
4) E
xam
Ids an
d E
xam
inatio
n D
ate
1)
Subje
ct L
ist
4)
Req
ues
t fo
r P
aper
set
ter,
exam
inee
and E
xam
iner
Lis
t
5)
Lis
t of P
aper
set
ter,
exam
inee
and e
xam
iner
3) Examination Date
7) Q
uestio
n P
apers
8) Get the Question Papers
9)
Sen
d t
he
Sel
ecte
d p
aper
s
10)
Inst
ruct
ion f
or
form
fil
l up
and e
xam
fee
s su
bm
issi
on
13) Request the form
14) Request for eligibility checking
15) R
equest fo
r sessional m
arks an
d atten
dan
ce reco
rds
16) S
end th
e mark
s details
17)
Sen
d t
he
elig
ibilit
y st
atus
20) Get the form
21) Submit the form
along with exam fees
19)
Sen
d t
he
fees
cle
aran
ce s
tatu
s
18)
Req
ues
t fo
r co
urs
e fe
es s
ubm
issi
on
stat
us
22) Generate and send the exam roll id and
exam date
23) Submit exam papers
24) S
end th
e list of ex
amin
ers for ev
aluatio
n
25) S
end th
e pap
er for ev
aluatio
n
26) S
end th
e evalu
ated p
apers alo
ng w
ith m
arks
27) Provides approval for
publishing the result
28) Generates and
publishes the result
21.1
) S
end t
he
coll
ecte
d f
ees
to t
he
Fin
ance
Dep
artm
ent
12) Exam notice as per the
instruction
6) Appointment for paper setter and
evaluation
2) Get the subject list
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Details of the Child Diagram for Student Assessment:
1) Entities:
Student
Faculty
Examination Controller
Finance
Department
2) Processes:
Student Assessment
3) Data Flows:
3.1) Send the Subject List
3.2) Get the subject list
3.3) Send the Examination Date
3.4) Request for Paper setter, examinee and Examiner List
3.5) List of Paper setter, examinee and examiner
3.6) Appointment for paper setter and evaluation
3.7) Question Papers
3.8) Get the Question Papers
3.9) Send the Selected papers
3.10) Instruction for form fill up and exam fees submission
3.11) Get the Exam Ids and Examination Date
3.12) Exam notice as per the instruction
3.13) Request the form
3.14) Request for eligibility checking
3.15) Request for sessional marks and attendance records
3.16) Send the marks details
3.17) Send the eligibility status
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3.18) Request for course fees submission status
3.19) Send the fees clearance status
3.20) Get the form
3.21) Submit the form along with exam fees
3.22) Generate and send the exam roll id and exam date
3.23) Submit exam papers
3.24) Send the list of examiners for evaluation
3.25) Send the paper for evaluation
3.26) Send the evaluated papers along with marks
3.27) Provides approval for publishing the result
3.28) Generates and publishes the result
3.29) Send the collected fees to the Finance
According to the data flows, at first the subject list is sent from the
department to the Examination Controller via the Student Assessment
process. Examination Controller then sends the examination date to the
Student Assessment process. Then request for paper setter, examinee and
examiner list comes to the Department and the Department sends the list.
According to the list appointment for paper setter and evaluation is sent to
the Faculty. Faculty sends the question papers to Examination Controller.
Examination Controller then sends the selected papers to the Student
Assessment process along with the instruction for form fill up.
Examination id and examination date is then sent to Department. The
student gets the examination notice as per the instruction and he then
requests for form. The Examination Controller is then requested for the
eligibility checking of the students to appear for the exam. The Faculty is
requested for sending the sessional marks and attendance record of the
students. Faculty sends the details requested. The Examination Controller
then sends the eligibility status and the Finance is request for sending the
course fees submission status. Finance sends the clearance. The student
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then receives the form and then he submits the form along with the
examination fees. After that examination roll-id is generated and sent to the
student. The student then appears for the exam and submits the
examination papers. These papers are then sent to the list of examiners
among the faculties for evaluation. Examiners then send the evaluated
papers along with the marks. Examination Controller then provides
approval for publishing the result. The student then gets the result. The
examination fees submitted by the students are then sent to finance.
Thus, based on the above data flows for student assessment, data stores
have been depicted which are shown in the level 2 DFD for Student
Assessment process in the next phase.
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Child Diagram – Admission Process:
Figure: 14
Details of the Child Diagram for Admission Process:
1) Entities:
4) Administration Body
5) Faculty Council
6) Department
7) KMR
8) Finance
9) Student
Admission
Administration
Body Student
KMR
Finance
5) Provides Details
6) Sends Details for
veri fication
Faculty Council
11) Fees Collection
1) Provides
instruction and
Information
7) Provide
Confirmation
8) Generates
and sends the Student Id
9) Provides
the student id 10) Deposits fees for
Admission and Registration
3) Selected
Candidate List
12) Clearance for Admission
14) Request
for Registratio
n
15) Provides Registration
id
Department
2) Sends Student Application
2)
Applications for
Candidates
13) Admitted
student list
4) Selected Candidate List
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2) Processes:
10) Admission Process
3) Data Flows:
3.1) Provides instruction and Information
3.2) Applications for Candidates l
3.3) Selected Candidate List
3.4) Selected Candidate List
3.5) Provides Details
3.6) Sends Details for verification
3.7) Provide Confirmation
3.8) Generates and sends the Student Id
3.9) Provide Student id.
3.10) Deposits fees for Admission and Registration
3.11) Clearance for Admission
3.12) Admitted student list
3.13) Request for Registration
3.14) Provides Registration id
According to the data flows, at first the Administration Body provides the
information and instruction for admission. Then the application for
candidates comes to the Faculty Council. Faculty Council sends the
selected candidate list to the Admission Process. Then the selected
candidate list is sent to the Department. After that the selected students
provide their details to the Admission process. The KMR then sends the
details for verification. After receiving the request, Admission process
sends confirmation after verification. After receiving the confirmation KMR
generates and sends the student id for the student. Student id is then
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provided to the student. Then the student deposits fees for admission and
registration. Collected fees are then sent to Finance. Finance then sends
clearance for admission. Finally the admitted student list is sent to the
Administration Body. After that KMR is requested for registration. KMR
generates and sends the registration id for the students.
Thus, based on the data flows for Admission process data stores have been
decided which is shown in the level 2 DFD for Admission Process in the
next phase.
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Child Diagram –Financial Transaction Management:
Figure: 15
Details of the Child Diagram for Admission Process:
1) Entities:
Student
Faculty Council
Faculty
Finance
Department
Financial Transaction
Management
Student
Faculty
1)
Dep
osi
ts F
ees
for
sem
este
r
2)
Sen
d th
e re
ceip
t
Department
Request for Faculty information
Sends the faculty information
Provides the salary
Department wise
expenditure details
Faculty Council
Other development
Cost Details
Finance
Collected Fees
and other cost
details
Calculated
Reports and
clearance
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2) Processes
Financial Transaction Management
3) Data Flows:
Deposits Fees for semester
Send the receipt
Request for Faculty information
Sends the faculty information
Provides the salary
Department wise expenditure details
Other development Cost Details
Collected Fees and other cost details
Calculated Reports and clearance
According to the data flows, the student submits the course fees and gets
the receipt from the Finance through Financial Transaction Management
process. The Finance requests the Department for the faculty detail and
provides salary to faculty after the department sends the faculty
information. Department wise expenditure details are sent from the
Department to the Financial Transaction Management Process. Other
development cost details are sent from the Faculty Council to the Financial
Transaction Management Process. The Finance gets the collected fees and
other details from the Financial Transaction Management Process and then
sends the calculated reports and provides clearance.
Based on the above data flows, data stores have been decided that are
shown in level 2 DFD for Financial Transaction Management process.
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Specifications for Data Flow Diagram (Level - 2):-
All the entities for level 2 DFD are same as that of level1 DFD. The newly
added components are data stores according to which in and out data
flows of the data stores have been named as DSI and DSO respectively. For
entities, the data flow has been shown as two separate lines for input and
output for a single entity. The data flows have also been named according
to the entities with „I‟ or „O‟ at the end indicating input or output. The
number if inputs or outputs from a single entity have been shown along
with their names. To represent multiple lines, a slash has been used along
with the number beside the line.
Details for Library Management Data Flow Diagram (Level - 2):-
1) Entities:
Student
Faculty
Finance
Librarian
2) Process
Library Management
3) Data Stores
L_Card_Issue
Library_Code
Book_Issue_List
Subject_Material_Detail
Main_Book_List
Sub_Book_List
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4) Data Flows:
The standards adopted while naming the data flows are described
as below:
SO: Output from the entity student
SI: Input to the entity Student
LO: Output from the entity Library
FNI: Input to the entity Finance
FNO: Output from the entity Finance
FTI: Input to the entity Faculty
FTO: Output from the entity Faculty
DSI1: Input to the data store Library_code
DSI2: Input to the data store Subject_Material_Detail
DSI3: Input to the data store Main_Book_List
DSI4: Input to the data store Sub_Book_List
DSI5: Input to the data store L_Card_Issue
DSI6: Input to the data store Book_Issue_List
DSO1: Output from the data store Library_code
DSO2: Output from the data store Subject_Material_Detail
DSO3: Output from the data store Main_Book_List
DSO4: Output from the data store Sub_Book_List
DSO5: Output from the data store L_Card_Issue
DSO6: Output from the data store Book_Issue_List
Description of the data flows:
SO:
SO1: Deposit Fees for Library
SO2: Request for Book
SO3: Submits book
SO4: Deposits fine if any
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SI:
SI1: Generate Library Card-ID and Issues Library Card
SI2: Provide Book
SI3: Send fine details and submission status
LO:
LO1: Request the status of availability of the required book
LO2: Request the status of number of books issued by the
student
LO3: Issues Book according to availability and previous issue
status
LO4: Check submission date and calculates the fine if any
LO3: Issue Library Cards to Faculty
LO4: Issues books for Faculty
LI:
LI1: Book issue request
LI2: Sends Status
LI3: Sends Submitted Book
LI4: Receive deposited fine
LI3: Library Card Request for Faculty
LI4: Issue Library Cards
FNO:
FNO1: Sends library fees submission status
FNI:
FNI1: Send collected fess and request for library fees
submission status
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FTO:
FTO1: Request for Library Card
FTO2: Request for Book
FTO3: Submits the book
FTI:
FTI1: Get the Library Card
FTI2: Get the Book
DSI:
DSI1: Code for Library
DSI2: Subject material details and issue details
DSI3: Main Book Details
DSI4: Sub Book Details
DSI5: Library card issue details
DSI6: Book Issue details and fine amount details
DSO:
DSO1: Library Code
DSO2: Status of subject material issue
DSO3: Main Book Details
DSO4: Sub Book Details
DSO5: Library card issue details
DSO6: Book availability status and fine amount
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Library Management Data Flow Diagram (Level -2):-
Figure: 16
Library Management System
Student
Faculty
Librarian
Finance
L_Card_Issue Library_Code
Main_Book_List
Book_Issue_List
Sub_Book_List
Subject_Material_Detail
3FTO 2FTI
3SI
4SO
6LI
6LO
1FNO
1FNI
DSI5: Library card issue
details
DSO5: Library card issue
details
DSI1: Code
for Library
DSO1: Library
Code
DSI2: Subject material details
and issue details
DSO2: Status of
subject material issue
DSI3: Main
Book Details
DSO3: Main
Book Details
DSI4: Sub
Book Details
DSO4: Sub
Book Details
DSI6: Book Issue details and fine amount
details
DSO6: Book availability status and
fine amount
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Details for Course Management Data Flow Diagram (Level - 2):-
1) Entities:
Faculty Council
Department
Administration Body
2) Processes:
Course Management
3) Data Stores:
Course
Subject
Department
Course_Session_Allocation
Course_Department_Rel
Subject_Course_Rel
Faculty_Council
Stipend_Detail
4) Data Flows:
The standards adopted while naming the data flows are described as
below:
AO: Output from the entity Administration Body
AI: Input to the entity Administration Body
DI: Input to the entity Department
DO: Output from the entity Department
FTI: Input to the entity Faculty
FTO: Output from the entity Faculty
DSI1: Input to the data store Faculty_Council
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DSI2: Input to the data store Department
DSI3: Input to the data store Course
DSI4: Input to the data store Course_Department_Rel
DSI5: Input to the data store Subject
DSI6: Input to the data store Subject_Course_Rel
DSI7: Input to the data store Course_Session_Allocation
DSI7: Input to the data store Stipend_Detail
DSO1: Output from the data store Faculty_Council
DSO2: Output from the data store Department
DSO3: Output from the data store Course
DSO4: Output from the data store Course_Department_Rel
DSO5: Output from the data store Subject
DSO6: Output from the data store Subject_Course_Rel
DSO7: Output from the data store Course_Session_Allocation
DSO8: Output from the data store Stipend_Detail
Description of the data flows:
AO:
AO1: Assign Start time and end time for a course in a session
AO2: Sends approval detail
AI:
AI1: Course setup details From Faculty for Approval
DO:
DO1: Assign subjects to courses
DO2: Assign course id to course
DO3: Assign subject id to subject
DO4: Course setup and details
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DI:
DI1: Approval Status
FCO:
FCO1: Send approval to Department
FCI:
FCI1: Course setup details for approval
FCI2: Get the approval from Administrator
DSI:
DSI1: Faculty Council Details
DS2: Department detail
DSI3: Course Details
DSI4: Department wise course details
DSI5: Subject Details
DSI6: Course wise subject assignment
DSI7: Course start time and end time for session
DSI8: Stipend Information
DSO:
DSO1: Faculty Council Details
DSO2: Department id
DSO3: Course name and code
DSO4: Department wise course details
DSO5: Subject name and code
DSO6: Course wise subject details
DSO7: Course timing for a session
DSO8: Stipend detail with stipend id
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Course Management Data Flow Diagram (Level -2):-
Figure: 17
Course
Management
Faculty
Council
Admin istration
Body Department
Course_Department_Rel
Course_Session_Allocation
Faculty_Council
Department
Course
Subject
Subject_Course_Rel
1FCO
2FCI
4DO 1DI 2AO
1AI
DSI4:
Department wise
course details
DSO7:
Course timing for a
session
DSI7: Course
start t ime and end time for
session
DSO1: Faculty
Council Details
DSI1: Faculty
Council Details
DSI5: Subject
Details
DSO5: Subject
name and code
DSI3:
Course
Details
DSO3:
Course name
and code
DSO4:
Department wise course
details
DSI6: Course wise
subject assignment
DSO6: Course wise subject
details
DSI2:
Department detail
DSO2:
Department id
Stipend_Detail
DSI8: Stipend
information
DSO8: Stipend Detail
with stipend id
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Details for Faculty Management Data Flow Diagram (Level -2):-
1) Entities:
Faculty Council
Faculty
Administration Body
Department
2) Processes
Faculty Management
3) Data Stores
Faculty_Information
Faculty_Contact_Detail
Faculty_Address_Detail
Faculty_Role
Role_Code
Administrative_Role_Allocation
P_Faculty_Lecture_Details
Post_Guide_Allot
Faculty_Subject_Allocation
Visiting_Faculty_Information
4) Data Flows:
The standards adopted while naming the data flows are described as
below:
AO: Output from the entity Administration Body
AI: Input to the entity Administration Body
DI: Input to the entity Department
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DO: Output from the entity Department
FTI: Input to the entity Faculty
FTO: Output from the entity Faculty
FCI: Input to the entity Faculty Council
FCO: Output from the entity Faculty Council
DSI1: Input to the data store Role_Code
DSI2: Input to the data store Faculty_Information
DSI3: Input to the data store Faculty_Address_Detail
DSI4: Input to the data store Faculty_Contact_Detail
DSI5: Input to the data store Faculty_Role
DSI6: Input to the data store Faculty_Subject_Allocation
DSI7: Input to the data store Administrative_Role_Allocation
DSI8: Input to the data store P_Faculty_Lecture_Details
DSI9: Input to the data store Post_Guide_Allot
DSI10: Input to the data store Visiting_Faculty_Information
DSO1: Output from the data store Role_Code
DSO2: Output from the data store Faculty_Information
DSO3: Output from the data store Faculty_Address_Detail
DSO4: Output from the data store Faculty_Contact_Detail
DSO5: Output from the data store Faculty_Role
DSO6: Output from the data store Faculty_Subject_Allocation
DSO7: Output from the data store
Administrative_Role_Allocation
DSO8: Output from the data store P_Faculty_Lecture_Details
DSO9: Output from the data store Post_Guide_Allot
DSO10: Output from the data store Visiting_Faculty_Information
Description of the data flows:
AO:
AO1: Send approval for Faculty recruitment
AO2: Allocates Role for faculty
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AI:
AI1: Get the reviewed staff requirement list
AI1: Recruited Faculty Details
DO:
DO1: Send Faculty requirement details
DO2: Recruited Faculty Details
DI:
DI1: Recruited Faculty Details
FCO:
FCO1: Reviewed list
FCI:
FCI1: Faculty requirement details for review
FCI2: Recruited Faculty Details
FTO:
FTO1: Generate and send the staff-ID
FTI:
FTI1: Provides Role Id
FTI2: Recruitment confirmation
FTI2: Generate and send the staff-ID
FTI2: Get the assignment detail
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DSI:
DSI1: Role code details
DS2: Information of faculty
DSI3: Address details of faculty
DSI4: Contact details of faculty
DSI5: Role allocation details for faculty
DSI6: Subject allocation details of faculty
DSI7: Administrative role Allocation details
DSI8: Number of lectures delivered by part time faculty
DSI9: Guide allocation details
DSI10: Visiting faculty details
DSO:
DSO1: Role code details
DSO2: Information of faculty
DSO3: Address details of faculty
DSO4: Contact details of faculty
DSO5: Faculty role
DSO6: Coordinator name for a subject
DSO7: Administrator name
DSO8: Number of lectures delivered by part time faculty
DSO9: Guide name
DSO10: Visiting faculty details
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Faculty Management Data Flow Diagram (Level -2):-
Figure: 18
Faculty
Management
Faculty Council Administration
Body
Faculty Department
Faculty_Subject_
Allocation P_Faculty_Lecture_
Details
Visiting_Faculty_Information Post_Guide_Allot
Administrative_Role_Allocation
Faculty_Address_Detail
Faculty_Information
Role_Code
Faculty_Contact_Detail
Faculty_Role
2AI
2AO
1FCO
2FCI
2DO
1DI 1FTO
4FTI
DSI7: Administrative role
Allocation details
DSO7: Administrator name
DSI8: Number of lectures delivered
by part t ime faculty
DSO8: Number of lectures
delivered by part t ime faculty
DSI6: Subject allocation
details of faculty
DSO6: Coordinator name for a subject
DSI9: Guide allocation
details
DSO9: Guide
name
DSI10: Visiting
faculty details
DSO10: Visiting
faculty details
DSI3: Address details of
faculty
DSO3: Address
details of faculty
DSO2: information of
faculty
DSI2: Information
of faculty
DSI1: Role
code details DSO1: Role code
details
DSI5: Role allocation details for
faculty
DSO5:
Faculty role
DSO4: Contact details of
faculty
DSI4: Contact details of
faculty
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Details for Student Assessment Data Flow Diagram (Level -2):-
1) Entities:
Student
Faculty Council
Faculty
Administration Body
Finance
Examination Controller
Librarian
KMR
Department
2) Processes
Student Admission
Library Management
Faculty Management
Student Assessment
Financial Transaction management
Academic
3) Data Stores
Grade_Detail_Semester
Marks_Obtained
Course_Session_Allocation
Assesment_Detail
Attendence_Record
S_Exam_Roll_No
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Grade_Detail
Grade_Detail_Course
Exam_Fees_Submission
LMS_Data
4) Data Flows:
The standards adopted while naming the data flows are described
as below:
FNO: Output from the entity Finance
FNI: Input to the entity Finance
DI: Input to the entity Department
DO: Output from the entity Department
FTI: Input to the entity Faculty
FTO: Output from the entity Faculty
SI: Input to the entity Student
SO: Output from the entity Student
ECI: Input to the entity Examination Controller
FECO: Output from the entity Examination Controller
DSI1: Input to the data store Assesment_Detail
DSI2: Input to the data store Exam_Fees_Submission
DSI3: Input to the data store S_Exam_Roll_No
DSI4: Input to the data store Semester
DSI5: Input to the data store LMS_Data
DSI6: Input to the data store Grade_Detail
DSI7: Input to the data store Attendence_Record
DSI8: Input to the data store Marks_Obtained
DSI9: Input to the data store Grade_Detail_Semester
DSI10: Input to the data store Grade_Detail_Course
DSO1: Output from the data store Assesment_Detail
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DSO2: Output from the data store Exam_Fees_Submission
DSO3: Output from the data store S_Exam_Roll_No
DSO4: Output from the data store Semester
DSO5: Output from the data store LMS_Data
DSO6: Output from the data store Grade_Detail
DSO7: Output from the data store Attendence_Record
DSO8: Output from the data store Marks_Obtained
DSO9: Output from the data store Grade_Detail_Semester
DSO10: Output from the data store Grade_Detail_Course
Description of the data flows:
ECO:
ECO1: Send the Examination Date
ECO2: Send the list of examiners for evaluation
ECO3: Provides approval for publishing the result
ECO4: Send the eligibility status
ECO5: Instruction for form fill up and exam fees submission
ECO6: Send the Selected papers
ECI:
ECI1: Get the subject list
ECI2: Get the Question Papers
ECI3: Request for eligibility checking
SO:
SO1: Request the form
SO2: Submit the form along with exam fees
SO3: Submit exam papers
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SI:
SI1: Exam notice as per the instruction
SI2: Get the form
SI3: Generate and send the exam roll id and exam date
SI4: Generates and publishes the result
DO:
DO1: Send the Subject List
DO2: List of Paper setter, examinee and examiner
DI:
DI1: Get the Exam Ids and Examination Date
DI2: Request for Paper setter, examinee and Examiner List
FNO:
FCO1: Send the fees clearance status
FNI:
FCI1: Request for course fees submission status
FCI2: Send the collected fees to the Finance
FTO:
FTO1: Send the evaluated papers along with marks
FTO1: Send the marks details
FTO1: Sends the Question Papers
FTI:
FTI1: Send the paper for evaluation
FTI2: Request for sessional marks and attendance records
FTI3: Appointment for paper setter and evaluation
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DSI:
DSI1: Assessment details
DS2: Examination fees detail and submission detail
DSI3: Examination roll number of the students
DSI4: Semester code and description
DSI5: LMS access details for the students
DSI6: Grade and corresponding points detail
DSI7: Attendance record of the students
DSI8: Marks obtained in each subject by each student
DSI9: Semester wise grade detail of the students
DSI10: Grade obtained by the students in the course
DSO:
DSO1: Assessment details
DSO2: Exam fees submission status
DSO3: Examination roll number
DSO4: Semester code and description
DSO5: LMS access details for the students
DSO6: Grade and corresponding points detail
DSO7: Attendance record of the students
DSO8: Marks for each subject
DSO9: Result of the students in semester
DSO10: Grade of the student in a course
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Student Assessment Data Flow Diagram (Level -2):-
Figure: 19
Student
Assessment Process
Examination
Controller
Student
Finance Faculty
Department
Marks_Obtained
Semester
Assesment_Detail
Exam_Fees_Submission
Attendence_Record
Grade_Detail_Semester
Grade_Detail LMS_Data
Grade_Detail_Course
S_Exam_Roll_No
6ECO
3ECI 1FNO
2FNI
2DO
2DI
3FTO
3FTI
3SO
4SI
DSO8: Marks for
each subject
DSI8: Marks obtained in each subject by each
student
DSO9: Result of the students in semester DSI9: Semester wise grade detail of the students
DSI1: Assessment
details
DSO1: Assessment details DSI7: Attendance record
of the students
DSO7: Attendance
record of the students DSI4: Semester code and description
DSO4: Semester code and
description
DSO3: Examination roll
number
DSI3: Examination roll
number of the students
DSO6: Grade and
corresponding points detail
DSI6: Grade and corresponding points
detail
DSI2: Examination fees
detail and submission detail
DSO2: Exam fees
submission status
DSO5: LMS access
details for the students
DSI5: LMS access details
for the students
DSO10: Grade of the student in a course
DSI110: Grade obtained by
the students in the course
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Details for Admission Data Flow Diagram (Level -2):-
1) Entities:
Student
Faculty Council
Administration Body
Finance
KMR
Department
2) Processes
Student Admission
3) Data Stores
Registration_Detail_Hist
Registration_Detail
Student_Contact_Detail
Student_Stipend_Issue_Detail
Student
Student_Admission_Detail
Student_Qualification_Detail
4) Data Flows:
The standards adopted while naming the data flows are described
as below:
FNO: Output from the entity Finance
FNI: Input to the entity Finance
DI: Input to the entity Department
DO: Output from the entity Department
FCI: Input to the entity Faculty Council
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FCO: Output from the entity Faculty Council
SI: Input to the entity Student
SO: Output from the entity Student
AI: Input to the entity Administration Body
AO: Output from the entity Administration Body
KI: Input to the entity KMR
KO: Output from the entity KMR
DSI1: Input to the data store Student
DSI2: Input to the data store Student_Contact_Detail
DSI3: Input to the data store Student_Qualification_Detail
DSI4: Input to the data store Student_Admission_Detail
DSI5: Input to the data store Student_Stipend_Issue_Detail
DSI6: Input to the data store Registration_Detail
DSI7: Input to the data store Registration_Detail_Hist
DSO1: Output from the data store Student
DSO2: Output from the data store Student_Contact_Detail
DSO3: Output from the data store Student_Qualification_Detail
DSO4: Output from the data store Student_Admission_Detail
DSO5: Output from the data store Student_Stipend_Issue_Detail
DSO6: Output from the data store Registration_Detail
DSO7: Output from the data store Registration_Detail_Hist
Description of the data flows:
AO:
AO1: Provides instruction and Information
AI:
AI1: Admitted student list
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DO:
DO1: Sends Student Application
DI:
DI1: Selected Candidate List
FCO:
FCO1: Selected Candidate List
FCI:
FCI1: Applications for Candidates
KO:
KO1: Generate and sends the Student Id
KO2: Provide Confirmation
KO3: Provides Registration id
KI:
KI1: Sends Details for verification
FNO:
FNO1: Clearance for Admission
FNI:
FNI1: Fees Collection
SO:
SO1: Provides Details
SO1: Deposits fees for Admission and Registration
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SI:
SI1: Provides the student id
DSI:
DSI1: Student detail
DS2: Contact details of the students
DSI3: Student qualification detail
DSI4: Student admission detail
DSI5: Stipend detail of the student
DSI6: Registration number of the students
DSI7: Details of the previous student id associated with
registration number for a student
DSO:
DSO1: Student detail
DSO2: Contact details of the students
DSO3: Student qualification detail
DSO4: Student admission detail
DSO5: Stipend detail of the student
DSO6: Registration number of the students
DSO7: Number of student ids for a registration number
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Admission Process Data Flow Diagram (Level -2):-
Figure: 20
Admission Administration
Body
Faculty Council Finance
Student KMR
Department
Registration_Detail Student_Contact_Detail
Student
Student_Admission_Detail
Student_Qualification_Detail
Registration_Detail_Hist
Student_Stipend_Issue_Detail
3KO
1KI
1SI
2SO
1AO
1AI
1FCO
1FCI
1DI
1DO
1FNI
1FNO
DSO7: Number of student ids
for a registration number DSI7: Details of the previous student id associated
with registration number for a student
DSO6: Registration
number of the students
DSI6: Registration number of the
students
DSI2: Contact details of the
students
DSO2: Contact details
of the students
DSO4: Student
admission detail
DSO5: Stipend detail of the
student
DSI4: Student admission
detail
DSI5: Stipend detail of the
student DSI3: Student qualification
detail DSO3: Student qualification
detail
DSO1: Student
detail
DS1I: Student
detail
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Details for Financial Transaction Management Data Flow Diagram
(Level-2)
1) Entities:
Student
Faculty Council
Finance
Department
Faculty
2) Processes
Financial Transaction Management
3) Data Stores
Salary_P_Faculty
Course_Fees_Detail
Other_Development_Cost
Total_Revenue
Salary_F_Faculty
4) Data Flows:
The standards adopted while naming the data flows are described as
below:
FNO: Output from the entity Finance
FNI: Input to the entity Finance
DI: Input to the entity Department
DO: Output from the entity Department
FTI: Input to the entity Faculty
FTO: Output from the entity Faculty
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SI: Input to the entity Student
SO: Output from the entity Student
FCI: Input to the entity Faculty Council
FCO: Output from the entity Faculty Council
DSI1: Input to the data store Course_Fees_Detail
DSI2: Input to the data store Salary_F_Faculty
DSI3: Input to the data store Other_Development_Cost
DSI4: Input to the data store Salary_P_Faculty
DSI5: Input to the data store Total_Revenue
DSO1: Output from the data store Course_Fees_Detail
DSO2: Output from the data store Salary_F_Faculty
DSO3: Output from the data store Other_Development_Cost
DSO4: Output from the data store Salary_P_Faculty
DSO5: Output from the data store Total_Revenue
Description of the data flows:
DO:
DO1: Sends the faculty information
DO1: Department wise expenditure details
DI:
DI1: Request for Faculty information
FCO:
FCO1: Other development Cost Details
FCI:
FCI1:
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FNO:
FNO1: Calculated Reports and clearance
FNI:
FNI1: Collected Fees and other cost details
SO:
SO1: Deposits Fees for semester
SI:
SI1: Send the receipt
FTI:
FTI1: Provides the salary
DSI:
DSI1: Course Fees collection detail
DS2: Salary details for permanent faculty
DSI3: Other development cost details
DSI4: Salary details for part time faculty
DSI5: Total revenue details
DSO:
DSO1: Course fees submission status of the students
DSO2: Salary details for permanent faculty
DSO3: Other development cost details
DSO4: Salary details for part time faculty
DSO5: Total revenue details
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Financial Transaction Management Data Flow Diagram (Level -2):-
Figure: 21
Financial Transaction
Management
Student Department
Faculty Council
Faculty
Course_Fees_Detail Other-Development_Cost
Salary_P_Faculty
Salary_F_Faculty
Total_Revenue
1SI
1SO
1FCO
1FCI
2DI
1DO
1FTI
Finance 1FNI
1FNO
DSO1: Course Fees collection
detail
DSI1: Course fees submission status of the
students
DSO3: Other development
cost details
DSI3: Other development
cost details
DSI2: Salary details for permanent
faculty
DSO2: Salary details
for permanent faculty
DSI5: Total revenue
details
DSO5: Total
revenue details
DSI4: Salary details for part
t ime faculty
DSO4: Salary details for part t ime
faculty
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4.2.3 Part – Three: Detection of Entities
In this phase of design, consolidating the ideas from requirement analysis
and the DFD, eight subject areas and corresponding entities have been
decided that will act as the backbone for the integrated data model as given
below:
Subject Area
Name and
Functionality
Entity Name Functionality
Academic
( This subject
area is for
storing the
academic
information
like course,
subject etc)
Course For storing course related
information along with course id.
Subject For storing subject related
information along with subject id.
Department For storing department related
information along with department
id.
Course_Department_Rel To maintain relation between course
and department.
Course_Session_Allocation To indicate course start and end
time for a session
Subject_Course_Rel For maintaining course wise subject
allocation
Faculty_Council For storing faculty council
information.
Student
( This subject
area is for
storing
student
details)
Student For storing student information
Student_Contact_Detail For storing student‟s contact details.
Student_Qualification_Detail For storing student‟s qualification
details.
Student_Admission_Detail For storing student‟s admission
related information.
Student_Stipend_Issue_Detail For storing student‟s stipend issue
related information.
Stipend_Detail For storing the stipend related
information in the institute.
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Student
Assessment
( This subject
area is for
storing
student
assessment or
examination
details)
Assessment_Detail For storing Assessment related
information
Semester For storing semester id and name.
Grade_Detail_Semester For storing marks obtained by each
student in a particular semester for a
course.
S_Exam_Roll_No For storing examination roll number
of the students.
Grade_Detail_Course For storing the grades obtained by
each student in a course.
Marks_Obtained For storing marks obtained by each
student in each subject of a semester
for a course.
LMS_Data For storing necessary information
extracted from LMS.
Grade_Detail For storing the grade point related
information
Attendence_Record For storing attendance records of the
students.
Exam_Fees_Submission For storing exam fees submission
status of the students.
Faculty
( This subject
area is for
storing
faculty
information)
Faculty_Information For storing faculty information.
Faculty_Contact_Detail For storing Faculty‟s contact
information
Faculty_Role_Allocation For maintaining faculty‟s
designation and responsibility
details.
Administrative_Role_Allocation For maintaining different
administrator‟s details.
Visiting_Faculty_Information For storing visiting faculty‟s
information.
P_Faculty_Lecture_Details For tracking number of lectures
delivered by part time faculty.
Post_Guide_Allot For storing details of post
graduation guide allocation
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Faculty_Role For storing the role id and
corresponding details.
Faculty_Subject_Allocation For maintaining the subject lists
assigned to a faculty.
Finance
( This subject
area is for
storing the
financial
transaction
related
information)
Course_Fees_Detail, For storing the course fees given by
students according to each semester.
Salary_P_Faculty For storing the salary issue details to
the part time faculty.
Other_Development_Cost For storing other development cost
for organizing a course.
Total_Revenue For storing the total revenue details.
Salary_F_Faculty For storing salary issue details to the
permanent faculty.
Library
(This subject
area is for
storing
information
related to
library)
Main_Book_List For storing distinct book details
L_Card_Issue For storing library card issue details
Sub_Book_List For storing individual book details
according to main book list.
Book_Issue_List For storing the book issue details.
Library_Code For storing the code for library.
Subject_Materil_Detail For storing the subject material ids
and corresponding issue details.
KMR
(KMR stands
for Key
Muster Rolls.
This subject
area is for
storing
Registration_Detail For storing the registration details of
the students. This table will be
updated with the student id if the
student gets admission in the
university for other courses. This
table will store the registration id
along with current student id.
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registration
details of the
students)
Registration_Detail_Hists For storing the registration details
history of the students. This table
will be populated if the student gets
another admission in the same
university for different course. Then
the student id will be changed for
that student and the old student id
along with the registration number
will be populated in this table. This
is for tracking the statistics of having
multiple courses under same
university.
General ( This subject
area is for storing
information that is
required by
all the other subject areas)
Session_Detail For storing the session id and the session information like 2008-09.
Month For storing the month details along
with month id and number of days in that month according to different
years.
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The subject areas and corresponding entities are shown as a conceptual
diagram as below:
Figure: 22 A Conceptualize View of Entity Details Along With Subject
Areas
In the above diagram, the subject areas are shown in the oval shaped objects and
corresponding entities are shown in the rectangular objects with separate colors.
Student
Finance
Student
Assessment
Registration_Detail
Registration_Detail_Hists
Assessment_Detail,
Semester,
Grade_Detail_Semester,
Semester,
S_Exam_Roll_No,
Grade_Detail_Course,
Marks_Obtained,
LMS_Data, Grade_Detail,
Attendence_Record,
Exam_Fees_Submission,
Marks_Before_Review
Course_Fees_Detail,
Salary_p_Faculty,
Other_Development_Cost,
Total_Revenue,
Salary_F_Faculty
Main_Book_List, L_Card_Issue,
Sub_Book_List, Book_Issue_List,
Library_Code,
Subject_Materil_Detail
Student, Stipend_Detail
Student_Contact_Detail,
Student_Qualification_Detail,
Student_Admission_Detail,
Student_Stipend_Issue_Detail,
KMR
Academic
Library
Session_Detail,
Month
Faculty
Faculty_Information,
Faculty_Contact_Detail,
Faculty_Role_Allocation,
Post_Guide_Allot, Faculty_Role,
Faculty_Subject_Allocation,
Administrative_Role_Allocation,
Visiting_Faculty_Information,
P_Faculty_Lecture_Details,
Role_Code
Course, Subject,
Department,
Course_Department_Rel,
Course_Session_Allocation,
Subject_Course_Rel,
Faculty_Council
General
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In accordance with the above diagram, conceptual views of the schemas and
corresponding table details have been visualized. In this diagram, the relation
between the schemas has been shown with arrows indicating the shared tables
among them. The schemas along with their entities are shown in the can shaped
objects. The shared tables of any particular schema are shown via the oval shaped
objects. The source schemas for these shared tables are shown via arrows with
proper color as per the target schema. The schema names have been decided as
per the subject area names as below:
Academic
Library
Student
Student Assessment
Finance
KMR
Faculty
General
Apart from the other schemas, the General schema contains two independent
tables among which the Session_Detail will be shared by all the other schemas. So,
it is not shown explicitly in the diagram. Another one, Month table will be shared
by Finance schema. Apart from the two tables along with the General schema, all
the other schemas and their corresponding shared tables are shown via a diagram
in the next page. The direction of arrow indicates the flow of information from
source schema to target schema.
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A conceptual diagram of the schemas in the integrated repository is given below:
Figure: 23
Assessment_Detail, Semester, Grade_Detail_Semester,
S_Exam_Roll_No, Grade_Detail_Course, Marks_Obtained, LMS_Data, Grade_Detail,
Attendence_Record, Exam_Fees_Submission, Marks_Before_Review
Course, Subject, Department, Course_Department_Rel,
Course_Session_Allocation,
Subject_Course_Rel,
Faculty_Council
Main_Book_List, L_Card_Issue, Sub_Book_List, Book_Issue_List,
Library_Code,
Subject_Materil_Detail
Student, Student_Address, Student_Contact_Detail,
Student_Qualification_Detail, Student_Admission_Detail,
Stipend_Detail, Student_Stipend_Issue_Detail
Course_Fees_Detail, Salary_p_Faculty, Other_Development_Cost, Month,
Total_Revenue, Salary_F_Faculty
Faculty_Information, Faculty_Contact_Detail,
Faculty_Role_Allocation, Role_Code, Post_Guide_Allot, Faculty_Role, Faculty_Subject_Allocation, Administrative_Role_Allocation,
Visiting_Faculty_Information,
P_Faculty_Lecture_Details
Registration_Detail Registration_Detail_Hist
Academic
Library
Student_Assessment
Student
KMR
Faculty
Session_Detail,
Semester,
Student, Subject
Faculty_Information,
Subject, Course,
Faculty_Information, Student
Student
Course,
Semester
Semester, Department,
Student, Course,
Faculty_Information,
Department, Student, Course, Faculty_Council,
Subject
Finance
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4.3 Implementation
The implementation part contains the actual data model incorporating the
entity details and along with their attributes and relations between them.
Strategy for Implementation:
The most critical part of this implementation was to find out all the attributes
necessary for e-governance in the university and the relation among the
attributes to construct the integrated data model.
To overcome such difficulties, the following strategy has been adopted:
At first the data model has been subdivided into different subject
areas as detected in the design phase.
Attributes of each entity in a specific subject area have been decided
along with their significance so that unique identifier of any particular
entity can be decided.
Relation among the entities in a particular subject area has been
decided so that foreign keys can be decided for each of the entities.
Shared entities from each schema have been detected while defining
the relationship among them. Thus integrity and atomicity is
maintained in the model.
Combining the individual subject areas, the integrated data model has
been constructed.
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Along with the integrated one, data model has also been shown for the
following:
Academic
Student
Student Assessment
Finance
Library
Faculty
General
KMR
The integrated data model named as “Main” is shown in the next page as a
combination of these subject areas. The data model for individual subject
areas along with their description are given in the subsequent pages.
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Data Model for Subject Area: Main
Figure: 24 All the attributes along with PK – FK relationship are also shown in the
model for individual subject areas.
This integrated data model comprises of different subject areas for which the
detailed description is given along with the model in the coming sections.
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Data Model for Subject Area: Academic
Figure: 25
Description:
The entities directly monitored by Academic will be Department, Subject,
Course, Subject_Course_Rel, Faculty_Council, Course_Session_Allocation,
Course_Department_Rel. Apart from these the required entities from other
subject area will be Session_Detail from General, and semester from
Student_Assessment.
In the subject area Academic, the details for various courses, their subjects,
different departments and their relations are shown via primary key(PK) and
foreign key(FK) relationship. Course will contain the details related to
courses with a unique identifier course_id, course name, duration, course
mode, approval detail, degree associated with the course and total
expenditure. Also there will be an active_flag to indicate if the course is still
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valid. In this way history data about courses can be tacked. Subject details
such as subject id, subject name and subject type i.e. theory or sessional for
these courses are stored in the subject table.
The Subject_Course_Rel table contains the relationship between the course
and the subject. Here, for a single course id there will be multiple subject id
for a particular semester and in a particular session. The semester id will be
taken from the semester table of Student Assessment schema. The course id
and the subject id can be repeated in different session id. The session id is
taken from Session_Detail table of General schema.
Similarly course start time and end time for different courses will be kept in
the table Course_Session_Allocation for different session id. This start time
and end time will be different for different phases of the course. It will be
mentioned as per first year or second year as per the course curriculum and
course duration. There will be many to many relation between course and
session entity, as a single course will be assigned under different sessions
like 2007, 2008 etc. Similarly a single session will have multiple courses
under it.
Department table will contain the department name and department id as
unique identifier for each department. This table will also contain the faculty
council id that is to be taken from Faculty_Council table. Theis table contains
the faculty council id and name line Engineering or Science etc.
The Course_Department_Rel table will be used to specify the relation
between course and department, which is many to many. A single course
will be assigned to a particular department in a particular session. So, for a
particular session id there will a single entry for a course id and multiple
entries for the department id. A single department can have multiple courses
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but a single course will be assigned to a single department only in a
particular session.
In this way academic information can be kept in a manner so that current
data and history data can be stored in an efficient and useful way to generate
necessary information.
Subject Area: Student
Figure: 26
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Description:
The entities directly monitored by Student subject area are Student,
Student_Contact_Detail, Student_Qualification_Detail,
Student_Admission_Detail and Student_Stipend_Issue_Detail and
Stipend_Detail. Apart from these the required entities from other subject
area will be Semester from Student Assessment, Course from Academic and
Session_Detail from General.
Student entity will contain the student details like student name, date of
birth, monthly family income etc. along with the unique identifier student id
for each student which is the class roll number for a particular student. This
will be derived from the following:
x - Admission Type (New or readmission)
x - Admission Mode (Regular or distance)
xx - year of admission
xxx - Course id
xxx - Faculty id
xxx - unique number among the students
Student_Contact_Detail will contain the contact information related to
students. Contacts will be separated by particular contact ids. For a single
student, there will be a single contact id. If grant for the student table is
required from any other subject area then it can be given without sharing the
personal address or contact details. The student table contains the contact id
as a foreign key.
Student_Qualification_Detail table is for storing the student qualification
details. There will be a unique identifier qualification id in the
Student_Qualification_Detail table for each student that will different for
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different student id. The student table will contain this qualification id as a
foreign key in the student table.
Student_Admission_Detail stores the admission detail like date of
admission, session id, course id, admission mode and necessary charges
collected while admission from each student. This table contains the relation
between the student and the course entity for a particular session. If a
student gets registered for a particular course in a session, and later changes
the course, then another new row will be inserted into the table for that
student with different student id.
Stipend_Detail stores the information regarding various kinds of stipends
available with their corresponding unique id. This table also stores the
information regarding stipend amount, frequency of issue that is monthly or
yearly etc along with the eligibility criteria. Student_Stipend_Issue_Detail
contains the stipend issue details for the students who are eligible for it. The
stipend amount and the issue date with issue status are stored for a
particular student id with active flag to indicate the current record.
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Subject Area: Faculty
Figure: 27
Description:
The entities directly monitored by Faculty are Faculty_Information,
Faculty_Address_Detail, Faculty_Contact_Detail, Faculty_Role_Allocation,
Post_Guide_Allot, Faculty_Role, Faculty_Subject_Allocation, Role_Code
Administrative_Role_Allocation, Visiting_Faculty_Information and
P_Faculty_Lecture_Details.Apart from these the required entities from other
subject area are Session_Detail and Month from General, Department and
Subject from Academic and Student from Student.
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The Faculty_Information table contains the information about the faculty like
faculty name, qualification etc.The Faculty_Contact_Detail is for storing
contact details of faculty with a unique contact id for each faculty. The
Faculty_Information table will contain this contact id as a foreign key against
the individual staff_id indicating the relation between the faculty and his
contact.
The P_Faculty_Lecture_Details table contains the number of lectures given
by a particular part time faculty for a subject in a month for a session
indicated by month key and session id with staff id and corresponding
subject id.
The Role_Code contains the different roles or designation assigned to faculty
and unique identifier for that role as role code id. The same role id can be
shared by different faculties and at the same time more that one role can be
assigned to any individual faculty. These details are stored in Faculty_Role
table where staff id is assigned with individual role code id for a particular
department in a session along with role start date and end date. The active
flag will indicate whether the faculty is still active in that role or not.
The Administrative_Role_Allocation is for storing the administrative role
code id and corresponding staff id along with the division that will indicate
the faculty council or department for which the role is assigned along with
active flag to indicate the current assignment.
The Post_Guide_Allot table is for maintaining the guide allocation details for
postgraduate students along with start date and end date. The active flag
will indicate whether the guide is still allotted for that particular student.
This table will contain the staff id and student id and session id as foreign
key for maintaining the relation.
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Faculty_Subject_Allocation table contains the staff id and subject id along
with the session id as foreign keys for denoting the subject allocation for
faculty. This table also maintains the allocation start date and end date. Any
particular faculty can be assigned multiple subjects. So, for a staff id, there
can be multiple subject id. Similarly, same subject id can be assigned to
multiple faculties at the same time. So, the relation between faculty and
subject is many to many. The Visiting_Faculty_Information table contains
the information of visiting staffs with visitor id as the unique identifier for
each visiting faculty.
Subject Area: Student Assessment
Figure: 28
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Description:
The entities directly monitored by Student Assessment are
Assessment_Detail, Semester, Grade_Detail_Semester, S_Exam_Roll_No,
Grade_Detail_Course, Marks_Obtained, LMS_Data, Grade_Detail,
Attendence_Record and Exam_Fees_Submission. Apart from these the
required entities from other subject areas are Session_Detail from General,
Subject and Course from Academic Student from Student and
Faculty_Information from Faculty.
All the assessment details including the sessional exam and semester exam
details are stored in the Asesment_Detail table with unique identifier
assessment id for each assessment along with assessment start date and end
date. The subject id and semester id (if required) acts as the foreign key in
this table for maintaining the relation of assessment id with subject and
course. This table also contains the assessment summary along with the
assessment type indicating weekly, monthly, sessional evaluation or
semester exam. The A_Mode field is for indicating whether the assessment is
for supplementary or regular exam. The marks obtained by the students for
these assessments are stored in the Marks_Obtained table for a particular
student id along with assessment id and session id. The subject id, semester
id and course id are also included in this table as foreign keys so that
reporting tasks becomes easier. As, after population, this will be larger
compared to other tables so, to reduce access time for reporting, the above
foreign keys are included. This table also contains the field review which
contains a review id that will be generated if the student requests for review.
This id will be populated into another table along with the other details
which will contain the marks before and after review against that particular
id. The changed marks will be updated in the Marks_Obtained table. In this
way, history data maintenance will be easier. The status field is for denoting
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the status failed or passed. The Attempt field is to denote the number of
attempts made by the student to pass the exam or assignment of a particular
subject id in a semester. In different attempts, the assessment id will be
different, but the attempt filed will be updated accordingly to track the
marks obtained in the regular or supplementary exam.
Re_Assessment_Allowed field denotes if reassessment is allowed for the
student for that particular assignment id. This will be decided according to
the attempt field. If attempt field reaches the maximum limit for appearing
in an exam, them reassessment will not be allowed further.For more that one
attempt, the marks obtained in the maximum attempt will be considered for
a particular subject id, course id and session id.
The Semester table will contain the unique identifier for each semester as
semester id and the name of that semester.
The Grade_Detail_Semester table contains the Semester grade points average
or SGPA of each student for a particular semester. The semester id, session id
and student id are foreign keys here to denote SGPA obtained by the student
uniquely. Status field denotes three kind of states i.e. X for failed, XP for
passed with blockage and P for passed. The end_date is the end date of the
semester and the completion date is the date when the status becomes P.
The Grade_Detail_Course table contains the DGPA (Degree Grade Point
Average) along with percentage of marks obtained by each student for a
particular course id in a session. The status field denotes if the course is
completed or not by the student. Here end_date denotes the date when the
student completes the course.
The S_Exam_Roll_No table contains the exam roll number of the students
with respect to a particular student id, course id and semester id for a session
id that are the foreign keys in this table.
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The attendance records of the students are maintained by the
Attendence_Record table where attendance of each student will be kept for a
particular student id, session id, semester id and subject id that are the
foreign keys in this table.
The meaning of the grade points given to the students for the assignments
are kept in the Grade-Detail table that contains the grade and corresponding
grade point with percentage of marks obtained for that grade and
performance according to that drage.
The LMS_Data table contains the unique identifier st_code for a particular
student id, subject id and session id to maintain the login date and the
duration spent by the student in accessing the LMS for any particular
subject.
The Exam_Fes_Submission table contains the individual fees details
submitted by the student for a semester in a session. Also along with
semester fees submitted for any particular paper or assignment are also
maintained here with completion status. The last date of fine submission
and form fill up are stored here optionally.
In this way, the student assessment details are stored in a structured and
convenient way.
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Subject Area: Library
Figure: 29
Description:
The entities directly monitored by Library will be Main_Book_List,
L_Card_Issue, Sub_Book_List, Book_Issue_List, Library_Code,
Subject_Materil_Detail. Apart from these the required entities from other
subject area will be Session_Detail from General, and Student from Student,
Subject from Academic and Faculty_Information from Faculty.
The Library_Code table contains the code for the libraries i.e. main library or
departmental library etc with unique identifier l_code.
The L_Card issue table contains the library card issue details with unique
identifier as card number or L_Card_Id for faculty and the students. With
card submission date and active flag to indicate if the card is still valid
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against that particular student id or staff id. The student id, staff id and
session id will be the foreign key in this table.
The Main_Book_List contains the individual book details along with unique
identifier M_Book_Id for each book and corresponding book title, subject,
author, publisher and number of copy for that particular type of book.
The Sub_Book_List contains the unique identifier S_Book_Id for each copy of
a particular type of M_Book_Id that is the foreign key in this table. This table
also contains the L_Code as a foreign key to indicate the location of that book
along with its edition, price and availability status for issue.
The Book_Issue_List table contains the book issue details along with
L_Card_Id against which the book is issued and issue date, due date,
submission status, fine if applicable and fine submission status. According to
the book issue details in this table, the corresponding availability status will
be updated in the Sub_Book_List table.
The Subject_Material_Detail table contains the subject material details and
the issue status of that material with unique identifier material id along with
subject id as the foreign key in this table.This table also contains the issue
date and the number of material with material type i.e. CD or DVD etc.
.
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Subject Area: Finance
Figure: 30
Description:
The entities directly monitored by Finance will be Course_Fees_Detail,
Salary_p_Faculty, Other_Development_Cost, Total_Revenue,
Salary_F_Faculty. Apart from these the required entities from other subject
area will be Session_Detail and Month from General, and semester from
Student_Assessment, Student from Student, Faculty_Information from
Faculty and Course and Department from Academic.
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Course_Fees_Detail will contain the course fees submission details of a
student for a particular semester id, course id and session id that are the
foreign keys in this table. The total fees submitted by the student with due
amount are also kept in this table along with the fees submission status. This
status will be complete or incomplete according to amount of submission of
the total fees of a particulars semester. Fees_Sub_Date will be updated
according to fees submission.
The Salary_F_Saculty table contains the salary details of the permanent
faculties according to month and corresponding year. The staff id, month
key, department id and session id are the foreign keys for this table.
The Salary_P_Faculty table contains the salary details of the part time
faculties for a particular staff_id, department_id, month id and session id
that are the foreign keys in that table.
The Other_Developemnt_Cost table contains the corresponding departments
and session information will be stored to keep track of the expenditure of
that particular department.
Other_Development_Cost will contain the details of the extra development
costs according to department, course and session and month. The
corresponding ids are the foreign keys in this table.
Total_Revenue table will be used to keep track of the total expenditure and
revenue according to a particular month and corresponding year.
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Subject Area: KMR
Figure: 31
Description:
The entities directly monitored by KMR will be Registration_Detail
Registration_Detail_Hist. Apart from these the required entities from other
subject area will be Session_Detail from General and Student from Student.
The Registration_Detail contains the registration id for a particular student
along with student name and student id, session id and date of registration.
This registration id will remain same for all the other courses attained by the
student in the same university. So, if the student gets admitted in another
course then a new student id will be assigned to him. Then this
Registration_Detail table will be updated with that new student id and
before updating, the old record for that registration id will be moved to
another table called Registration_Detail_Hist. Thus the history record will be
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kept for a student availing multiple courses under same university. The
Active_Flag denotes if the student id for that registration id is still active or
not. So, in the Registration_Detail table the active_flag will be „Y and in the
Registration_Detail_Hist table, the active_flag will be „N‟ for all the records.
Subject Area: General
Figure: 32
Description:
The entities directly monitored by General are Session_detail and Month.
These two tables are used by all the other subject area for their respective
purposes. The Session_detail table contains the session id and session
description The Month table contains the month key as unique identifier for
each month along with the month id, corresponding year, month name and
total days in that month.
This model has been build using the data modeler tool ERwin version 7.2.
And reports have been generated using some test data that have been
prepared using the reporting tool BO (Business Object).
The individual table details for the entire model are given in the Appendix
section in Appendix I for reference.
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5 RESULTS AND INTERPRETATIONS:
In this phase, at first the integrated data model has been physically
implemented into the database with Oracle 10g as backend and been divided
into eight schemas according to the subject areas. Then, some standard
reporting needs have been considered as per the requirement analysis and test
cases have been organized according to that. The result has been obtained in
two different modes:
Through custom query via SQL with Oracle 10g as a backend
database.
Using BO reporting tool as front end with the help of pre
organized reporting templates with Oracle 10g as a backend
database.
Some of the snapshots of the results both from SQLPLUS and BO are given in
the Appendix section in A III.
5.1 Result
Test Case 1:
To check whether the student is promoted or not to the next
semester so that examination form can be provided to him
Result:
Custom query:
Select student_id, Session_id, Semester_id, promoted from Grade_Detail_Semester where student_id='0009002011002' and semester_id=1 and session_id='2009-10';
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Via BO:
Test Case 2:
To check whether fees submission for the semester is complete or
not.
Result:
Custom query (For a particular student):
select student_id, course_id, semester_id, session_id, Status_Fees_Submission from finance.Course_Fees_Detail where student_id='0009002011003' and semester_id=2
and session_id='2009-10';
Custom query (For all students of a particular course):
select student_id, course_id, semester_id, session_id, Status_Fees_Submission from finance.Course_Fees_Detail where semester_id=2
and session_id='2009-10';
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Via BO (For a particular Student):
Via BO (For all the student of a particular course):
Test Case 3:
To check whether the student is eligible to appear for the
supplementary exam or he has covered the maximum chances
for the exam.
Result:
Custom query:
select student_id, course_id, session_id, semester_id, Re_Assessment_Allowed from Marks_Obtained
where student_id='0009002011005' and Assesment_Id=(select Assesment_Id from Assesment_Detail
where Subject_ID=(select Subject_ID
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from Academic.Subject where Subject_Name='Principle of Programming
Language') );
Via BO:
Test Case 4:
To check whether The student can issue a book or not
First we need to check the book is available or not
Secondly we need to check whether the student has issued
max number of books:
Result:
Custom query (to check whether the book is available or not):
select S_Book_ID,Status from Sub_Book_List where S_Book_ID in(select S_Book_ID from Sub_Book_List where M_Book_ID=(select M_Book_ID from Main_Book_List where Book_Title='Mathematics' and Author='R. Grewal') and L_Code=(select L_Code from Library_Code where L_Type='Main Library') );
Custom query (to check whether the student has issued maximum number of
books):
select Book_Issue_List .L_Card_ID, student_id,count(s_book_id) from Book_Issue_List,
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l_card_issue where Status!='Submitted' and l_card_issue.l_card_id= Book_Issue_List.l_card_id group by Book_Issue_List .L_Card_ID,student_id having Book_Issue_List .L_Card_ID='LMain011002';
Via BO( to check whether the book is available or not):
Via BO (to check whether the student has issued maximum number of books):
Test Case 5:
To check the list of all the books of a particular type in the main
irrespective of issued or non issued:
Result:
Custom query:
select S_Book_ID,Status from Sub_Book_List where S_Book_ID in(select S_Book_ID from Sub_Book_List where M_Book_ID=(select M_Book_ID from Main_Book_List where Book_Title='Mathematics' and Author='R. Grewal') and L_Code=(select L_Code from Library_Code
where L_Type='Main Library');
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Via BO:
Test Case 6:
To check how many copies of a particular book are available in
the main library for issuing.
Result:
Custom query:
select M_Book_ID,count(1) from Sub_Book_List
where S_Book_ID in(select S_Book_ID from Sub_Book_List where M_Book_ID=(select M_Book_ID from Main_Book_List where Book_Title='Mathematics' and Author='R. Grewal') and L_Code=(select L_Code from Library_Code where L_Type='Main Library') ) and Status='Available' group by M_Book_ID;
Via BO:
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Test Case 7:
To check if clearance can be given from library for submitting the
library card.
Result:
Custom query:
select card_submission_status from l_card_issue where student_id='0007001011001' and l_code= 'Main001';
Via BO:
Test Case 8:
To check the number of books with status overdue and get the
calculated fine amount for them
Result:
Custom query:
select S_Book_ID, (trunc(sysdate)-Due_Date)*.5 fine from Book_Issue_List where l_card_id='LMain011002' and status='Overdue';
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Via BO:
Test Case 9:
To check the marks obtained the students of a particular course
in the class test
To check the marks obtained all the test by all the student of a
particular course
Result:
Custom query (For class test):
select student_id, ass_mode, avg(Marks_or_Grade_Points) from student_assessment.marks_obtained marks_obtained, student_assessment.assesment_detail assesment_detail
where marks_obtained.Assesment_Id= assesment_detail.Assesment_Id
and student_id in(select student_id from student.student where course_id=‟MT001‟)
group by student_id,ass_mode having ass_mode='Class Test';
Custom query (For all the tests of a course):
select student_id, ass_mode, avg(Marks_or_Grade_Points) from student_assessment.marks_obtained marks_obtained, student_assessment.assesment_detail assesment_detail
where marks_obtained.Assesment_Id= assesment_detail.Assesment_Id
and student_id in(select student_id from student.student where course_id=‟MT001‟)
group by student_id,ass_mode;
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Via BO (For class test):
Via BO (For all the tests):
Test Case 10:
To check what kind of book is most accessed by the student for a
particular subject
Result:
Custom query:
select subject,count(1) from Book_Issue_List, Main_Book_List, Sub_Book_List where Book_Issue_List.s_book_id=Sub_Book_List.s_book_id and Sub_Book_List.M_Book_ID=Main_Book_List.M_Book_ID
group by subject order by count(1) desc;
Via BO:
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Test Case 11:
To check How many students of a course are availing the library
Result:
Custom query:
select course.course_name, count(distinct book_issue_list.l_card_id) from book_issue_list, L_Card_Issue, student.student_admission_detail student_admission_detail, Academic.course course where book_issue_list.l_card_id=L_Card_Issue.l_card_id and L_Card_Issue.student_id=student_admission_detail.student_id and student_admission_detail.course_id=course.course_id
group by course.course_name having course.course_name='MTech. in IT Courseware Engineering';
Via BO:
Test Case 12:
To check the course wise count of students who are using the
library
Result:
Custom query:
select course.course_name, count(distinct book_issue_list.l_card_id) from book_issue_list, L_Card_Issue, student.student_admission_detail student_admission_detail,
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Academic.course course where book_issue_list.l_card_id=L_Card_Issue.l_card_id and L_Card_Issue.student_id=student_admission_detail.student_id and student_admission_detail.course_id=course.course_id
group by course.course_name;
Via BO:
Test Case 13:
To check the progress report of the backward class students
according to class tests for a particular course
Result:
Custom query:
select student_id, assesment_id, Marks_or_Grade_Points, grade from student_assessment.marks_obtained where Assesment_Id in(select assesment_id from assesment_detail Where ass_mode='Class Test') and student_id in(select student.student_id from student.student, student.student_admission_detail where category!='General' and course_id=‟MT001‟);
Via BO:
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Test Case 14:
To check the progress report of the backward class students
according in all tests for a particular course
Result:
Custom query:
select student_id, ass_mode, avg(Marks_or_Grade_Points) from student_assessment.marks_obtained marks_obtained, student_assessment.assesment_detail assesment_detail where marks_obtained.Assesment_Id= assesment_detail.Assesment_Id and student_id in(select student.student_id from student.student, student.student_admission_detail where category!='General' and student_admission_detail.course_id=‟MT001‟)
group by student_id,ass_mode;
Via BO:
Test Case 15:
To check the Comparative study of access rates of the LMS and
result of the students
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Result:
Custom query:
select b.student_id, b.subject_id, b.duration, a.Marks_or_Grade_Points from (select student_id, st_code, subject_id, sum(duration) duration from LMS_Data group by student_id,subject_id,st_code) b, (select student_id, Marks_or_Grade_Points from marks_obtained where subject_id='MET011' and course_id='MT001' and assesment_id in(select assesment_id from assesment_detail where ass_mode='Semester Exam') ) a
where a.student_id=b.student_id;
Via BO:
Test Case 16:
To check the needy, meritorious students result for launching a
scheme for them
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Result:
Custom query:
select grade_detail_semester.student_id, semester_id, SGPA from grade_detail_semester, student.student_admission_detail, student.student where grade_detail_semester.student_id in( select student_id from student.student where MonthllyFamily_Income<=10000) and student.student_id=student.student_admission_detail.student_id and student.student.student_id=grade_detail_semester.student_id and student.student_admission_detail.course_id='MT001';
Via BO:
Test Case 17:
To check the subject allocation for teaching staffs so that
availability of the staff for a particular subject can be decided.
Result:
Custom query:
select staff_id,count(subject_id) from staff_subject_allocation where Allocation_End_Date is NULL or Allocation_End_Date>sysdate
group by staff_id;
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Via BO:
Test Case 18:
To check the academic background of the students availing the
course
Result:
Custom query:
select student.student_id, course_id, degree from student, student_qualification_detail, student_admission_detail where student_admission_detail.student_id=student.student_id and student.qualification_id=student_qualification_detail.qualification_id and student_admission_detail.course_id=‟MT001‟;
Via BO:
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Test Case 19:
How many out-of-state students are availing the course
Result:
Custom query:
select course.course_name, a.No_Of_Students from(select count(distinct student.student_id) No_Of_Students from student, student_contact_detail, student_admission_detail where student.Contact_Detail_Id
=student_contact_detail.Contact_Detail_Id and student_contact_detail.state_name!='West Bengal' and
student_admission_detail.student_id=student.student_id and student_admission_detail.course_id='MT003') a, academic.course
where course_id=‟MT003‟;
Via BO:
Test Case 20:
To check the State wise student division for a particular course
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Result:
Custom query:
select state_name, count(distinct student.student_id) No_Of_Students from student, student_contact_detail, student_admission_detail where student.Contact_Detail_Id =student_contact_detail.Contact_Detail_Id and student_admission_detail.student_id=student.student_id and student_admission_detail.course_id='MT003'
group by state_name;
Via BO:
Test Case 21:
To check the areas within the state from where the students are
availing the course
Result:
Custom query:
select distinct city_name from student, student_contact_detail, student_admission_detail where student.Contact_Detail_Id=student_contact_detail.Contact_Detail_Id and student_admission_detail.student_id=student.student_id and student_admission_detail.course_id='MT001';
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Via BO:
Test Case 22:
To check how many students are having multiple courses under same
university and their previous and current courses
Result:
Custom query:
select count(distinct S_Registration_ID) Registration_ID from KMR.Registration_History; select student_admission_detail.student_id, course_id previous_Course from student.student_admission_detail student_admission_detail, Registration_History where student.student_admission_detail.student_id=Registration_History.student_id and S_Registration_ID in(select distinct S_Registration_ID from Registration_History);
Via BO:
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Test Case 23:
To check the areas within the state from where the students are
availing the course
Result:
Custom query:
select distinct city_name from student, student_contact_detail, student_admission_detail where student.Contact_Detail_Id=student_contact_detail.Contact_Detail_Id and student_admission_detail.student_id=student.student_id and student_admission_detail.course_id='MT001';
Via BO:
5.2 Interpretations of the Result
Results obtained from the test cases via BO and sqlplus shows the justified
relationship and strong integrity among the entities in the data model
proposed for the institute.
The results have been obtained via two means. One set of results has been
obtained from reporting tool BO. This is for the users who need not know
the background relationship among the entities. The templates in the
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reporting tool and the relationship among the entities according to the data
model will be defined by the database administrators or anyone suitable
for this responsibility. The end users will only place their needs and they
will get the report accordingly. Thus the model supports the data security
issue by providing role-based access to information. Another kind of report
is shown via sqlplus by placing custom query. This is for the users who
have the thorough knowledge of the database. Also they can prepare
report templates for different end users needs. Apart from BO, any
reporting tool or applications can be used for data access and reporting
purpose. In this way, the model supports the needs of diverse users in the
higher education institute community.
Test case one to test case six has been organized keeping in mind the
academic needs. Sample reports have been shown regarding student‟s
promotion to the next semester, book issue details in the library, exam fees
submission status etc. Results have been obtained accordingly combining
different schemas and their corresponding entities.
Test case seven to fifteen have been organized considering the needs of the
educators on student‟s progress report, library usage, book usage in the
library etc. Here also result shows the relation among the entities of various
schemas such that they are acting as an integrated repository in case of
information extraction. Different kind of tracking mechanism has become
simple with this data structure as implemented according to the data
model.
Test case sixteen to twenty three have been organized according to the
management‟s needs on teaching staff allocation details, financial and
academic background of the students, state wise student distribution, out
of state student count etc so that they can make a proper analysis out of it
and make suitable decision about course management, student
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management, institutional development etc. The benefits of one of the main
features of the proposed data model in this work, history data maintenance
is also evident from the results. Students, having multiple courses under
same university have also been identified from the
Registration_Detail_Hist table. It maintains history data about the student‟s
registration if the student avails multiple courses under same university. In
the same way trend analysis is shown by tracking the student‟s contact
details and also via other entities.
Thus considering the report outcomes and flexibility of information access
from the warehouse which have been tested with some sample data shown
in the Appendix II section, it is clear that a major pitfall of data
management and information extraction have been overcome by the data
model proposed in this work
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6 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE:
This paper discusses several benefits of a warehouse in e-governance activity
for information management in higher education institutes and various
aspects of their information needs. In accordance with that an integrated data
model has been proposed as a backbone of this warehouse. The most
important outcome of this model is flexible and integrated reporting that talks
about how the institutes will become proactive based on current trends. This
also makes them enable to forecast on the prospective careers for the students
by making the management activity relatively smooth.
Data warehousing is the most emerging technology in today‟s information
driven world. A vast number of organizations from different sectors are using
it to transform useless data into useful information for their business needs.
Naturally there is a vast area of work in this field to make the education
system and corresponding institutes in sink with this information evolution
activity. The data model presented in this work can be further improved by
incorporating various other aspects of information needs and making it more
generalized to fit into any of the higher education institutes seeking
structured information storage. Integration with the LMS and financial
transaction management system etc are the areas, which can be elaborated
further to achieve better integration and collaboration within the arena of
educational management system.
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7 REFERENCES:
[1] F. Araque1, A. Salguero1, L. Martínez2, E. Navarro1 and M. Calero1 “Data
Warehousing for Improving Web-based Learning Sites” iJET – Vol. 2, No. 4, 2007
[2] Van Dyk, L “A Data Warehouse Model for Micro-Level Decision Making in Higher
Education” The Electronic Journal of e-Learning Volume 6 Issue 3, pp.235-
244, 2008
[3] Kebin Huang1 Feimin Li1 Ming Zhao2 Feng Wang1 Xiaoshuang Xu1
“Design and Implement On E-learning Behavior Mine System”
On Second International Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary
Computing -- IEEE DOI 10.1109/WGEC.2008.89, 2008
[4] Isidor Kamrat, Franz Haselbacher “E-Learning Initiative Based on a WEB-
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[5] Chee Chern LIM, Man Hing YU, Jesse J. JIN “GENERIC E-LEARNING DATA
STRUCTURE AND WEB TEACHING”
[6] José Paulo Leal1, Ricardo Queirós “Integration of E-Learning Systems with
Repositories of Learning Objects”.
[7] Jalel Akaichi “E-learning data warehouse maintenance system for
collaborative learning availability resources optimization” International
Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication
Technology (IJEDICT), Vol. 3, Issue 3, pp. 16-29, 2007.
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An Integrated Data Model Approach for E-Governance in Higher Education Institutions Page 138 of 140
[8] Zuzana Bizonova, Daniel Ranc, Matilda Drozdova, Expected graduation:
“Model Driven E-learning Platform Integration”, September 2008
[9] Darja Solodovņikova and Laila Niedrīte “Using Data Warehouse Resources for
Assessment of E-Learning Influence on University Processes”
[10] Biswas P and Ghosh S.K. (2007) “A Novel Approach to Define Performance
Metrics for Students’ and Teachers’ Evaluation” The Electronic Journal of e-
Learning Volume 5 Issue 2, PP 87 – 102, 2007
[11] Michael Boehnlein, Markus Plaha, Achim Ulbrich-vom Ende “Case Study -
Building A Data Warehouse For Higher Education In The Course Of
Microstrategy’s University Program”
[12] Adeel Javed , Maqbool Uddin Shaikh , Baber Majid Bhatti “Conceptual Model
for Decision Support System Based Business Intelligence OLAP Tool for
Universities in Context of E-Learning” Proceedings of the World Congress on
Engineering and Computer Science 2008 WCECS 2008, San Francisco, USA
PP 22 - 24, October 2008
[13] Oleg Rostanin1, Klaus-Dieter Schewe2, Bernhard Thalheim3, Alexei
Tretiakov2 “Managing the Data in Electronic Learning Systems” Proceedings of
the IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies
(ICALT‟04) 0-7695-2181-9/04, IEEE, 2004
[14] Rui Luís, David Simões, Nuno Horta “A Multi-Level Model for Tracking
Analysis in E-Learning Platforms” Proceedings of the IEEE International
Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT‟04) 0-7695-2181-
9/04, IEEE, 2004
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An Integrated Data Model Approach for E-Governance in Higher Education Institutions Page 139 of 140
[15] Meijing Kong, Wan-Zhen Zhou, Wen-Ta0 Wang, Hong-Bin Gao “The
Application Study Of The Data Mining Technology In University Dss” Proceedqs
of the Third International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics,
Shanghai, 26-29 August 2004, 0-7803-8403-2/04, IEEE, 2004
[16] SU-LAN ZHANG, JI-FU ZHANG “A New Classification Mining Model Based
On The Data Warehouse “
[17] Marta Zorrilla, Universidad de Cantabria “Data Webhouse to support web
intelligence in e-learning environments” This work has been partially supported
by Spanish Mininstry of Education under proect N2004-05873" and
"TIC2002-01306" 0-7803-9017-2/05: IEEE, 2005
[18] Xi-Qian Chen, Zhong-Xian Chi, Xiu-Kun Cao “Applying Dp To Etl Of Spatial
Data Warehouse” Proceedlngs Of The Third International Conference On
Machine Learning And Cybernetics, Shanghai, 26-29, August 2004
[19] Alex G. Büchner, David Patterson “Call for a Pedagogical Domain Knowledge
Model” Proceedings of the 15th International Workshop on Database and
Expert Systems Applications (DEXA‟04) 1529-4188, IEEE, 2004
[20] Anilia Lourenqo, Joaquim Gonqalves, Orlando Belo “Agent -Based Knowledge
Extraction Services Inside Enterprise Data Warehousing Systems Environments”
1529-4188/01, IEEE, 2001
[21] Sylvain Delisle “Towards a Better Integration of Data Mining and Decision
Support via Computational Intelligence” Proceedings of the 16th International
Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA‟05) 1529-
4188/05, IEEE, 2005
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An Integrated Data Model Approach for E-Governance in Higher Education Institutions Page 140 of 140
[22] Daniela Resende Silva, Marina Teresa Pires Vieira: “Using Data Warehouse and
Data Mining Resources for Ongoing Assessment of Distance Learning”
[23] Shanli Wang “Research on a New Effective Data Mining Method Based on Neural
Networks”
[24] Sean Wolfgand Matsui Siqueira, Rubens Nascimento Melo, Maria Helena
Lima Baptista Braz “E-Learning Content Warehouse Architecture” IADIS
International Conference WWW/Internet, 2002
[25] C. Gombiro, W. Munyoka, S. Hove, G. Chengetanai, and C. Zano “The Need
For Data Warehousing In Sharing Learning Materials” Journal of Sustainable
Development in Africa (Volume 10, No.2) ISSN: 1520-5509, 2008
[26] Inc. Elizabeth Shahnam. META Group: “The customer relationship management
ecosystem”.
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APPENDIX I: TABLE STRUCTURE
Table Structures for different subject areas are given below:
SUBJECT AREA: ACADEMIC
Table : Subject
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Subject_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
This is unique identifier of the subject. Yes No
Subject_Name VARCHAR2(100) NULL Name of the subject No No
Subject_Type VARCHAR2(30) NULL Theory or Seasonal No No
Active_Flag CHAR NULL It is used to denote if the subject id is still
active or it was used previously. It will be
'Y' if active, otherwise, 'N'.
No No
Table: Course
Name Data type Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Course_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
This is the unique identifier of the
course.
Yes No
Course_Name VARCHAR2(100) NULL Name of the course. No No
Course_Duration VARCHAR2(20) NULL Duration of the course. No No
Approval_Detail VARCHAR2(300) NULL This is the path of a linked list which
will contain the approval detail like,
Department Resolution Number,
Faculty, Executive Council, Court etc.
No No
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C_Mode VARCHAR2(20) NULL Course will be conducted in full time,
distance or part time mode.
No No
Degree VARCHAR2(60) NULL What will be the degree that will be
offered to the student after completing
the course, like, 'B.Tech' or 'M.Tech'
etc.
No No
Total_Fees NUMBER NULL Total fees for availing the course. No No
Active_Flag CHAR NULL This will be used to denote if the
course is still active or not.
No No
Table: Course_Session_Allocation
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is PK Is FK
Course_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
This is the unique identifier of
the course.
Yes Yes
Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the session. Yes Yes
C_Year VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
C_Year will be like 1st year or
second year or 3 year or 4th Year
etc
Yes No
Session_Start_Time DATE NULL This is the start time of a course
for a particular session.
No No
Session_End_Time DATE NULL This is the end time of a course
for a particular course.
No No
Table: Subject_Course_Rel
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Subject_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
This is unique identifier of the
subject.
Yes Yes
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Course_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
This is the unique identifier of the
course.
Yes Yes
Semester_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier for a semester. Yes Yes
Table: Faculty_Council
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
FC_ID VARCHAR2(30) NOT
NULL
This is the unique identifier of the Faculty
council like ENG, SC or ARTS.
Yes No
FC_NAME VARCHAR2(50) NULL Name of the Faculty Council like,
Engineering, Science or Arts
No No
Table: Course_Department_Rel
Name Datatype Null Option Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Department_ID VARCHAR2(30) NOT NULL Unique identifier of the
department.
Yes Yes
Course_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT NULL This is the unique identifier
of the course.
Yes Yes
Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT NULL Unique identifier of the
session.
Yes Yes
SUBJECT AREA: STUDENT ASSESSMENT
Table: Assessment_Detail
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Assesment_Id VARCHAR2(20) NOT Unique identifier of the Yes No
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NULL assignment.
Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the session. Yes Yes
Subject_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
This is unique identifier of the
subject.
No Yes
Semester_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier for a semester. No Yes
Assesment_Summary VARCHAR2(100) NULL This is a path of the linked list
containing the details of the
assessment.
No No
Assess_Type VARCHAR2(20) NULL This will be Weekly Evolution
or Monthly Evolution or
Sessional Or Semester Exam.
No No
A_Mode VARCHAR2(20) NULL Mode will be regular or
Supplementary.
No No
Date_Assesment_Start DATE NULL Start date of the assignment No No
Date_Assesment_End DATE NULL End date of the assignment. No No
Max_Attempt_allowed INTEGER NULL Maximum attempts allowed to
complete the assignment.
No No
Table: Marks_Obtained
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Assesment_Id VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the
assignment.
Yes Yes
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Student_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the student.
This is the student class roll
number. This will be derived
from the following:
x - Admission Type (New or
readmission)
x - Admission Mode (Regular or
distance)
xx - year of admission
xxx - Course id
xxx - Faculty id
xxx - unique number among the
students
Yes Yes
Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the session. No Yes
Subject_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
This is unique identifier of the
subject.
No Yes
Semester_ID VARCHAR2(20) NULL Unique identifier for a semester. No Yes
Course_ID VARCHAR2(20) NULL This is the unique identifier of
the course.
No Yes
Marks_or_Grade_Points NUMBER NULL Marks or grade points obtained
in a semester or class test.
No No
Review VARCHAR2(20) NULL This is the ID for review if
review request is raised.
No No
Status VARCHAR2(20) NULL Whether the student has passed
or failed in the exam
No No
Grade VARCHAR2(20) NULL Overall grade obtained in the
exam.
No Yes
Active_Flag CHAR NULL It is used to denote whether a
particular assignment is
completed by the student or not.
If i t is complete, then this flag
will be 'N'. Otherwise it will be
No No
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'Y'.
Staff_ID VARCHAR2(20) NULL This will be a multivalued field.
Because more than one Staff can
review a paper.
No Yes
Attempt INTEGER NULL This will track the number of
attempts by a student to
complete any assignment.
Also mode of the exam can also
be decided from this. If attempt
is greater than one, then it is
supply exam.
No No
End_Dt DATE NULL Date on which the student has
cleared the assignment.
No No
Re_Assessment_Allowed VARCHAR2(20) NULL This will be used to denote if
reassessment is allowed if the
student is not able to complete
the assignment in the current
attempt
No No
Table: Grade_Detail_Semester
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the session. Yes Yes
Semester_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier for a semester. Yes Yes
Student_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the student. This
is the student class roll number. This
will be derived from the following:
x - Admission Type (New or
readmission)
x - Admission Mode (Regular or
Yes Yes
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distance)
xx - year of admission
xxx - Course id
xxx - Faculty id
xxx - unique number among the
students
SGPA VARCHAR2(20) NULL This is used to denote the semester
grade point average. This will be
calculated by calculating the over all
grade of the subjects which can be
obtained by taking the individual
assessment_ids assigned for a
particular subject and making a sum.
Then the sum of individual grades for
subjects assigned for a semester can be
taken to calculate the grade for the
semester.
No No
Status VARCHAR2(20) NULL X- Failed
XP - Passes with blockage
P - Passed and promoted
No No
End_Dt DATE NULL Date on which the student completes
or partially completes the semester.
No No
Promoted VARCHAR2(20) NULL This is used to denote if the student is
promoted or not to the next semester.
The value will be 'Y' if promoted, and
'N' if not promoted.
No No
Completion_Date DATE NULL Date on which the student completes
the semester. This will be NULL until
the student completes the exam.
No No
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Table: Attendence_Record
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Student_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the student. This is
the student class roll number. This will be
derived from the following:
x - Admission Type (New or
readmission)
x - Admission Mode (Regular or
distance)
xx - year of admission
xxx - Course id
xxx - Faculty id
xxx - unique number among the students
Yes Yes
Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the session. Yes Yes
Semester_ID VARCHAR2(20) NULL Unique identifier for a semester. No Yes
Subject_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
This is unique identifier of the subject. No Yes
Attendence NUMBER NULL Total attendance of the student for the
particular subject
No No
Table: Semester
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is PK Is FK
Semester_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier for a
semester.
Yes No
Semester_Name VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Name of the semester. No No
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Table: S_Exam_Roll_No
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Student_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the student. This is
the student class roll number. This will be
derived from the following:
x - Admission Type (New or readmission)
x - Admission Mode (Regular or distance)
xx - year of admission
xxx - Course id
xxx - Faculty id
xxx - unique number among the students
Yes Yes
Exam_Rol_No VARCHAR2(30) NOT
NULL
This is the unique identifier of the student
with respect to the exam.
This will be derived as follows:
xxxxxx - course id
x - semester id
x - mode
xxx - part of student roll no.
Yes No
Course_ID VARCHAR2(30) NOT
NULL
This is the unique identifier of the course. Yes Yes
Semester_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier for a semester. Yes Yes
Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the session. No Yes
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Table: Grade_Detail_Course
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Course_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
This is the unique
identifier of the course.
Yes Yes
Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the
session.
Yes Yes
Student_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the
student. This is the
student class roll number.
This will be derived from
the following:
x - Admission Type (New
or readmission)
x - Admission Mode
(Regular or distance)
xx - year of admission
xxx - Course id
xxx - Faculty id
xxx - unique number
among the students
Yes Yes
DGPA NUMBER NULL This is used to denote the
degree grade points
average. This will be
calculated and populated
on the basis of the grade
points obtained in the
semesters.
No No
Status VARCHAR2(20) NULL This is used to denote
status whether the
student completed the
course successfully or
not.
No No
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End_Dt DATE NULL Date on which the
student completes the
course.
No No
Attempt INTEGER NULL This is the number of
attempts in case the
student gets year lack.
No No
Percentage_Of_Marks_Obtained NUMBER NULL Percentage of marks
obtained in the course.
No No
Table: Grade_Detail
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Grade VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
This is the grade which
is given as per the
performance in the
exam.
Yes No
Grade_Point INTEGER NULL This is the grade point
given as per the grade.
No No
Percentage_Of_Marks_Obtained NUMBER NULL This is the percentage of
marks obtained with
respect to a particular
grade.
No No
Performance VARCHAR2(50) NOT
NULL
This is used to denote
performance according
to the grade.
No No
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Table: LMS_Data
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
St_Code VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
This Code will be generated as a
combination of Subject_Id,Course_Id,
Section_Id and student id.
Yes No
Student_ID VARCHAR2(20) NULL Unique identifier of the student. This is the
student class roll number. This will be
derived from the following:
x - Admission Type (New or readmission)
x - Admission Mode (Regular or distance)
xx - year of admission
xxx - Course id
xxx - Faculty id
xxx - unique number among the students
No Yes
Subject_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
This is unique identifier of the subject. No Yes
Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NULL Unique identifier of the session. No Yes
Log_Date DATE NULL Date on which the student accesses the LMS. No No
Duration VARCHAR2(20) NULL Duration during which the student was
logged on to the page.
No No
Table: Exam_Fees_Submission
Name Datatype Null Option Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT NULL Unique identifier of the
session.
Yes Yes
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Student_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT NULL Unique identifier of the
student. This is the student
class roll number. This will
be derived from the
following:
x - Admission Type (New
or readmission)
x - Admission Mode
(Regular or distance)
xx - year of admission
xxx - Course id
xxx - Faculty id
xxx - unique number
among the students
Yes Yes
Semester_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT NULL Unique identifier for a
semester.
Yes Yes
Assesment_Id VARCHAR2(20) NOT NULL Unique identifier of the
assignment.
Yes Yes
Exam_Fees NUMBER NULL Fees for the exam. No No
Grade_Card_Fees NUMBER NULL Fees for grade card. No No
Form_Fees NUMBER NULL Fees for examination form. No No
Status_Form_Fillup VARCHAR2(20) NOT NULL Form fill up status:
complete or incomplete.
No No
Late_Fine NUMBER NULL Late fine for form fill up if
any.
No No
Submission_Date DATE NULL Submission date of the
exam fees along with the
form.
No No
Completion_Status VARCHAR2(20) NOT NULL Completion status of the
examination fees
submission and form fill
up.
No No
Last_date_Fine_Sub DATE NULL Last date of fine submission No No
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for form fill up.
Last_date_Form_Fillup DATE NULL Last date of form fill up. No No
SUBJECT AREA: FACULTY
Table: Faculty_Information
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is PK Is FK
Staff_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT NULL Unique identifier of
the staff.
Yes No
Staff_First_Name VARCHAR2(50) NOT NULL First name of the staff. No No
Staff_Middle_Name VARCHAR2(50) NULL Middle name of the
staff.
No No
Staff_Last_Name VARCHAR2(50) NOT NULL Last name of the staff. No No
Gender CHAR NOT NULL Gender of the staff. No No
Qualification VARCHAR2(60) NOT NULL Qualification of the
staff.
No No
Marital_Status VARCHAR2(20) NOT NULL Marital status
(married or
unmarried) of the
staff.
No No
Contact_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT NULL Unique identifier of
the contact details of a
staff.
No Yes
University_joining_date DATE NULL The date on which the
staff has joined the
university.
No No
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Date_Left_University DATE NULL The date on which the
staff has left the
university. This will
remain NULL until
the staff leaves the
university.
No No
L_Mode VARCHAR2(20) NULL Part time or Full Time No No
Retirement_Date DATE NULL This is the date of
retirement for the full
time staffs.
No No
Agreement_Period VARCHAR2(30) NULL This is for part time
teachers. For full
timer, this will be
NULL
No No
Subject_List VARCHAR2(300) NULL List of subjects which
can be taught by a
particular Academic
Staff.
No No
Table: Faculty_Contact_Detail
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Contact_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the contact
details of a staff.
Yes No
Addrss_type CHAR(18) NULL Address type of the staff like
permanent or present.
No No
Address_Detail VARCHAR2(100) NULL Address detail of the staff. No No
Country_Name VARCHAR2(50) NOT
NULL
Country name where the Staff
resides.
No No
City_Name VARCHAR2(50) NULL City name where the staff
resides.
No No
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ZIP_Code VARCHAR2(20) NULL ZIP code of the place where the
staff resides.
No No
State_Name VARCHAR2(50) NULL Name of the state where the staff
resides.
No No
Mobile_No VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Mobile number of the staff. No No
Residence_Phn_No VARCHAR2(30) NOT
NULL
Residence phone number of the
staff.
No No
E_mail_Address VARCHAR2(100) NOT
NULL
e-mail address of the staff. No No
Table: Administrative_Role_Allocation
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Create Statement
Staff_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of
the staff.
Yes Yes Staff_ID
VARCHAR2(20)
NOT NULL
R_Code_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of a
particular role.
Yes Yes R_Code_ID
VARCHAR2(20)
NOT NULL
Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of
the session.
Yes Yes Session_ID
VARCHAR2(20)
NOT NULL
Active_Flag CHAR NOT
NULL
This will denote if
the staff is still active
with the particular R-
code-id.
Yes No Active_Flag
CHAR NOT
NULL
Division VARCHAR2(100) NOT
NULL
This Can be FC_ID
or Department_id.
Department_id will
be for the
administrators of the
No No Division
VARCHAR2(100)
NOT NULL
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department .FC_ID
will be for the
administrators of the
faculty council.
Role_Start_Date DATE NULL The date on which
the staff is assigned
the particular role.
No No Role_Start_Date
DATE NULL
Role_End_Date DATE NULL The date on which
the assignment of the
staff ends for that
particular role.
No No Role_End_Date
DATE NULL
Table: Role_Code
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
R_Code_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of a particular role. Yes No
Role_Description VARCHAR2(50) NOT
NULL
Register, Dean, Professor, Head of the
department, Assistant professor etc
No No
Role_Type VARCHAR2(30) NOT
NULL
This can be Administration or
Teaching
No No
Table: Post_Guide_Allot
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Staff_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the staff. Yes Yes
Student_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the
student. This is the student
class roll number. This will be
derived from the following:
x - Admission Type (New or
Yes Yes
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readmission)
x - Admission Mode (Regular
or distance)
xx - year of admission
xxx - Course id
xxx - Faculty id
xxx - unique number among
the students
Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the session. Yes Yes
Assignment_Start_date DATE NULL The date on which the staff is
assigned as a guide of a
postgraduate student.
No No
Assignment_End_Date DATE NULL The date on which the
assignment for the particular
staff ends as a guide of a
postgraduate student.
No No
Active_Flag VARCHAR2(20) NULL Is used to denote if the staff is
still active as a guide.
No No
Table: P_Faculty_Lecture_Details
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Staff_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the staff. Yes Yes
Subject_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
This is unique identifier of the subject. Yes Yes
Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NULL Unique identifier of the session. No Yes
Mon_key VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of a particular
month.
No Yes
No_Of_Lectures INTEGER NULL Number of lectures given by the staff
for a particular period or month.
No No
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Table: Faculty_Subject_Allocation
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Staff_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the staff. Yes Yes
Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the session. Yes Yes
Subject_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
This is unique identifier of the
subject.
Yes Yes
Allocatrion_Start_Date DATE NULL The date on which the staff is
assigned as a coordinator of a
particular subject.
No No
Allocation_End_Date DATE NULL The date on which the assignment
for the particular sta ff ends as a
coordinator of a particular subject.
No No
Table: Faculty_Role
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Staff_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the staff. No Yes
R_Code_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of a particular
role.
No Yes
Department_ID VARCHAR2(30) NULL Unique identifier of the
department.
No Yes
Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NULL Unique identifier of the session. No Yes
Role_Start_Date DATE NULL The date on which the staff is
assigned a particular role.
No No
Role_End_Dt DATE NULL The date on which the role
assignment ends for the staff.
No No
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Active_Flag VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
This is used to denote if the staff is
still active in his role.
No No
Table: Visiting_Faculty_Infromation
Name Datatype Null Option Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Visitor_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT NULL Unique identifier of a
visiting staff.
Yes No
Department_ID VARCHAR2(30) NULL Unique identifier of the
department.
No Yes
First_Name VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL First name of a visiting
staff.
No No
Middle_Name VARCHAR2(100) NULL Middle name of a visiting
staff.
No No
Last_Name VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL Last name of a visiting
staff.
No No
Gender CHAR(18) NULL Gender of the staff. No No
Qualification VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL Qualification of the
visiting staff.
No No
Visiting_Date DATE NULL The date on which the
staff visits the University.
No No
Reason VARCHAR2(300) NOT NULL The reason of visiting. No No
Subjects_Monitored VARCHAR2(300) NOT NULL The subjects which will be
monitored by the visiting
staff.
No No
Associated_Organization VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL The organization with
which the visiting staff is
associated currently.
No No
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SUBJECT AREA: FINANCE
Table: Course_Fees_Detail
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the session. Yes Yes
Semester_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier for a semester. Yes Yes
Course_ID VARCHAR2(30) NOT
NULL
This is the unique identifier of
the course.
Yes Yes
Student_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the student.
This is the student class roll
number. This will be derived
from the following:
x - Admission Type (New or
readmission)
x - Admission Mode (Regular or
distance)
xx - year of admission
xxx - Course id
xxx - Faculty id
xxx - unique number among the
students
Yes Yes
Total_Fees_Submitted NUMBER NULL Total fees submitted for a
particular semester till date.
No No
Amount_Due NUMBER NULL Amount of fees due by the
student for a particular semester.
No No
Fees_Sub_Date DATE NULL Date of fees submission. No No
Status_Fees_Submission VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
This is used to denote whether
the fees submission is complete
or not for a particular semester.
No No
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Table: Salary_P_Faculty
Name Datatype Null Option Comment Is PK Is FK
Staff_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT NULL Unique identifier of the staff. Yes Yes
Department_ID VARCHAR2(30) NOT NULL Unique identifier of the
department.
Yes Yes
Mon_key VARCHAR2(20) NOT NULL Unique identifier of a
particular month.
Yes Yes
Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NULL Unique identifier of the
session.
No Yes
Amount_Paid NUMBER NULL Amount paid to the full time
staff.
No No
Table: Salary_F_Faculty
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is FK
Staff_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the staff. Yes Yes
Mon_key VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of a particular
month.
Yes Yes
Department_ID VARCHAR2(30) NULL Unique identifier of the
department.
No Yes
Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NULL Unique identifier of the session. No Yes
Amount_Paid NUMBER NULL Amount paid to the full time
staff.
No No
Table: Other_Development_Cost
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is PK Is FK
Department_ID VARCHAR2(30) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the
department.
Yes Yes
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Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NULL Unique identifier of the session. No Yes
Course_ID VARCHAR2(30) NULL This is the unique identifier of
the course.
No Yes
Reason VARCHAR2(100) NULL Reason for the cost. No No
Amount_Spent NUMBER NULL Amount spent for the reason. No No
Mon_key VARCHAR2(20) NULL Unique identifier of a particular
month.
No Yes
Table: Total_Revenue
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Department_ID VARCHAR2(30) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of
the department.
Yes Yes
Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of
the session.
Yes Yes
Course_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
This is the unique
identifier of the
course.
Yes Yes
Mon_key VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of a
particular month.
Yes Yes
Total_Fees_Collected NUMBER NULL Total fees collected
from the students.
No No
Other_Cost NUMBER NULL The other cost for
different reasons.
No No
Total_Development_Expenditure NUMBER NULL Total development
expenditure.
No No
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SUBJECT AREA: STUDENT
Table: Student
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Student_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the
student. This is the student
class roll number. This will be
derived from the following:
x - Admission Type (New or
readmission)
x - Admission Mode (Regular
or distance)
xx - year of admission
xxx - Course id
xxx - Faculty id
xxx - unique number among
the students
Yes Yes
Gender CHAR NOT
NULL
Gender of the student. No No
ST_First_Name VARCHAR2(50) NULL First name of the student. No No
ST_Middle_Name VARCHAR2(50) NOT
NULL
Middle name of the student. No No
ST_LAST_NAME VARCHAR2(100) NULL Last name of the student. No No
DOB DATE NULL Date of birth of the student. No No
Active_Flag CHAR NULL This is used to denote whether
the student is still active.
No No
MonthllyFamily_Income NUMBER NULL Monthly Family income of the
student.
No No
Contact_Detail_Id VARCHAR2(20) NULL Unique identifier for the
contacts of a particular student.
No Yes
Qualification_ID VARCHAR2(20) NULL Unique identifier of the No Yes
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qualification details of the
student.
Category VARCHAR2(20) NULL General or SC ST or OBC or
other backward class category
No No
Working_Status VARCHAR2(200) NULL Whether the student works for
any organization.
No No
Marital_Status VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Marital status of the student. No No
Table: Student_Qualification_Detail
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Qualification_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the
qualification details of
the student.
Yes No
Degree VARCHAR2(20) NULL Primarily it is the degree
hold by the student
before joining the course
in the university.
No No
Year_Of_Passing DATE NULL Year of passing for the
degree hold by the
student.
No No
Percentage_of_Marks_Obtained NUMBER NULL Percentage of marks
obtained by the student
while accomplishing the
degree.
No No
University VARCHAR2(100) NULL Name of the university
from which the student
have obtained his
previous degree.
No No
College_or_School VARCHAR2(200) NULL Name of the college or
school from which the
No No
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student have obtained
his previous degree.
Table: Student_Contact_Detail
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Contact_Detail_Id VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier for the
contacts of a particular
student.
Yes No
Guardian_Name VARCHAR2(100) NULL Name of the guardian of the
student.
No No
Mobile_No VARCHAR2(30) NOT
NULL
Mobile number of the student. No No
Residence_Phn_No VARCHAR2(30) NOT
NULL
Residence phone number of
the student.
No No
Local_Guardian_Name VARCHAR2(20) NULL Local guardian name of the
student.
No No
E_Mail_Address VARCHAR2(100) NULL E-mail address of the student. No No
Address_Type VARCHAR2(20) NULL Address type (permanent or
present) of the student.
No No
City_Name VARCHAR2(50) NULL Name of the city where the
student resides.
No No
Country_Name VARCHAR2(50) NULL Name of the country where
the student resides.
No No
State_Name VARCHAR2(50) NULL Name of the state where the
student resides.
No No
ZIP_Code VARCHAR2(20) NULL ZIP code of the place where
the student resides.
No No
Other_Address_Detail VARCHAR2(200) NULL Other address detail of the
student.
No No
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Table: Student_Stipend_Issue_Detail
Name Datatype Null
Option Comment Is
PK Is
FK
Student_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL Unique identifier of the student. This is the
student class roll number. This will be
derived from the following:
x - Admission Type (New or readmission)
x - Admission Mode (Regular o r distance)
xx - year of admission
xxx - Course id
xxx - Faculty id
xxx - unique number among the students
No Yes
Stipend_Id VARCHAR2(20) NULL Unique identifier of the stipend. No Yes
Semester_ID VARCHAR2(20) NULL Unique identifier for a semester. No Yes
Eligible_For_Stipend VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL If the student is elig ible for any further
stipend. If he fin ishes taking the total
amount, then this field will be 'No'.
No No
Stipend_Amount NUMBER NULL Amount of stipend given to the student No No
Issued_Amount NUMBER NULL Amount issued by the student on the issue
date. No No
Due_Amount NUMBER NULL No No
Issue_Date DATE NULL Dat on which the stipend is given to the
student. No No
Status VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL Status of the issue of stipend to the student
and further details. No No
Active_Flag VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL To indicate the current record of the student
receiving stipend. On next issue, this flag
will be 'N' and a new record will be inserted
with active flag 'Y'.
No No
Table: Stipend_Detail
Name Datatype Null
Option Comment Is
PK Is
FK Create Statement
Stipend_Id VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL Yes No Stipend_Id
VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Detail VARCHAR2(100) NOT Details of the No No Detail
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NULL stipend. VARCHAR2(100) NOT
NULL
Amount NUMBER NULL Amount to be
given as stipend. No No Amount
NUMBER NULL
Stipend_Division VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL Monthly or
yearly or
quarterly etc.
No No Stipend_Division
VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Column: Student_Admission_Detail
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Student_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the student.
This is the student class roll
number. This will be derived
from the following:
x - Admission Type (New or
readmission)
x - Admission Mode (Regular or
distance)
xx - year of admission
xxx - Course id
xxx - Faculty id
xxx - unique number among the
students
Yes No
Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the session. No Yes
Course_ID VARCHAR2(20) NULL This is the unique identifier of the
course.
No Yes
A_Mode VARCHAR2(20) NULL This is the mode of admission.
This can be full time, part time or
distance.
No No
Date_Admission DATE NULL This is the date of admission of
the student.
No No
Admission_Type VARCHAR2(20) NULL This can be New admission or
Readmission
No No
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Admission_Test_Marks NUMBER NULL This is the marks obtained in the
admission test by the student.
No No
Admission_Fees NUMBER NULL Fees of admission. No No
Fees_Registration NUMBER NULL Fess for registration during
admission.
No No
Fees_Library NUMBER NULL Fees for library during admission. No No
Submission_Status VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Submission status of the different
fees during admission.
No No
Caution_Money NUMBER NULL Caution money submitted during
admission.
No No
Other_Charges NUMBER NULL Other charges submitted during
admission.
No No
Submission_Date DATE NULL Submission date of the fees for
admission and other charges.
No No
SUBJECT AREA: LIBRARY
Table: L_Card_Issue
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
L_Card_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the library
card issued to the students.
Yes No
L_Code VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the Library
(Whether it is main or
departmental)
No Yes
Staff_ID VARCHAR2(20) NULL Unique identifier of the staff. No Yes
Student_ID VARCHAR2(20) NULL Unique identifier of the student.
This is the student class roll
number. This will be derived
from the following:
x - Admission Type (New or
No Yes
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readmission)
x - Admission Mode (Regular or
distance)
xx - year of admission
xxx - Course id
xxx - Faculty id
xxx - unique number among the
students
Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the session. No Yes
Issue_Date DATE NULL Dat on which the card is issued
to the student.
No No
Active_Flag CHAR NULL It is used to denote if the library
card is still active with respect to
that particular student.
No No
Card_Submission_Date DATE NULL Dat on which the card is
submitted in the library. It is
NULL until the card is
submitted.
No No
Card_Submission_Status VARCHAR2(20) NULL It is used to denote if the card
submission is complete or not.
No No
Table: Library_Code
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
L_Code VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the Library (Whether it
is main or departmental)
Yes No
L_Type VARCHAR2(20) NULL Whether departmental or Main No No
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Table: Subject_Material_Detail
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is FK
Material_Id VARCHAR2() NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the materials
present in the library.
Yes No
Subject_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
This is unique identifier of the subject. Yes Yes
Material_Type VARCHAR2(40) NULL This can be CD or DVD No No
Num_Material INTEGER NULL Number of materials present in the
library.
No No
Student_ID VARCHAR2(20) NULL Unique identifier of the student. This
is the student class roll number. This
will be derived from the following:
x - Admission Type (New or
readmission)
x - Admission Mode (Regular or
distance)
xx - year of admission
xxx - Course id
xxx - Faculty id
xxx - unique number among the
students
No Yes
Issue_Date DATE NULL Date on which the material is issued
to the student.
No No
Status VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Available/Issued No No
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Table: Book_Issue_List
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
S_Book_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the books. Yes Yes
L_Card_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the library
card issued to the students.
Yes Yes
Issue_Date DATE NULL The date on which the book is
issued to the student.
No No
Due_Date DATE NULL The date on which book is to be
returned by the student.
No No
Submission_Date DATE NULL The date on which the book is
submitted to the library.
No No
Fine NUMBER NULL Fine amount if the book is not
submitted in time.
No No
Status VARCHAR2(20) NULL Submitted or Due or Overdue. No No
Fine_Submission_Date DATE NULL Date on which the fine is
submitted to the library.
No No
Table: Sub_Book_List
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
S_Book_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT NULL Unique identifier of the books. Yes No
M_Book_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT NULL Unique identifier of a particular type
of book.
No Yes
L_Code VARCHAR2(20) NOT NULL Unique identifier of the Library
(Whether it is main or departmental)
No Yes
Edition VARCHAR2(20) NOT NULL The edition of the book. No No
Status VARCHAR2() NULL Available or Issued or Reference
Copy.
No No
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Price NUMBER NULL Price of the book. No No
Table: Main_Book_List
Name Datatype Null Option Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
M_Book_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT NULL Unique identifier of a
particular type of book.
Yes No
Book_Title VARCHAR2(100) NULL Title of the book. No No
Subject VARCHAR2(100) NOT NULL Subject of the book. No No
No_Of_Copy INTEGER NULL Number of copies available in
the library for that particular
kind of book.
No No
Author VARCHAR2(400) NULL Author of the book. No No
Publisher VARCHAR2(200) NULL Publisher of the book. No No
SUBJECT AREA: GENERAL
Table: Month
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is PK Is FK
Mon_key VARCHAR2(20) NOT NULL Unique identifier of a particular
month.
Yes No
Month_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT NULL Month id of a month. e.g. 1, 2 or 3
etc.
No No
M_Year INTEGER NOT NULL Year of the month e.g. 2010 or 2009
or 2008 etc.
No No
Month_Name CHAR(18) NULL Name of the month e.g. January,
February etc.
No No
Total_days INTEGER NULL Total days in a month. No No
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Table: Session_Detail
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the session. Yes No
Session_Description VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Description of the session like
2009-10 or 2008-09 etc.
No No
SUBJECT AREA: KMR
Table: Registration_Detail
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
St_First_Name VARCHAR2(400) NOT
NULL
First Name of the student Yes No
ST_Middle_Name VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Middle Name of the Student Yes No
ST_Last_Name VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Last Name of the Student Yes No
S_Registration_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Registration number of a student. Yes No
Date_Registration DATE NOT
NULL
Date on which the registration is
done.
Yes No
Student_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the student.
This is the student class roll
number. This will be derived from
the following:
x - Admission Type (New or
readmission)
x - Admission Mode (Regular or
distance)
xx - year of admission
No Yes
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xxx - Course id
xxx - Faculty id
xxx - unique number among the
students
Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NULL Unique identifier of the session. No Yes
Active_Flag CHAR NOT
NULL
It is used to denote whether the
student still exists in the
university.
No No
Table: Registration_Detail_Hist
Name Datatype Null
Option
Comment Is
PK
Is
FK
St_First_Name VARCHAR2(400) NOT
NULL
First Name of the student Yes Yes
ST_Middle_Name VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Middle Name of the Student Yes Yes
ST_Last_Name VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Last Name of the Student Yes Yes
S_Registration_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Registration number of a student. Yes Yes
Date_Registration DATE NOT
NULL
Date on which the registration is
done.
Yes Yes
Student_ID VARCHAR2(20) NOT
NULL
Unique identifier of the student.
This is the student class roll
number. This will be derived from
the following:
x - Admission Type (New or
readmission)
x - Admission Mode (Regular or
distance)
No Yes
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xx - year of admission
xxx - Course id
xxx - Faculty id
xxx - unique number among the
students
Session_ID VARCHAR2(20) NULL Unique identifier of the session. No Yes
Active_Flag CHAR NOT
NULL
This used to denote whether the
registration id is still active or not
in the university.
No No
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APPENDIX II: TEST DATA
The following are the few sample set of data has been used for testing purpose:
SUBJECT AREA ACADEMIC:
COURSE_ID COURSE_NAME
MT001 MTech. in IT Courseware Engineering
MT002 MTech. in IT Courseware Engineering
MT003 MTech. in IT Software Engineering
PG004
Post Graduate Deploma in Courseware
Engineering
UG005 COmputer Science Engineering
DEPARTMENT_ID DEPARTMENT_NAME FC_ID
11 School Of Education Technology Engg
SUBJECT_ID SUBJECT_NAME S_TYPE
MET011 Mastering in Multimedia Development Theory
CWE011 Principle of Courseware Engineering Theory
SWE011 Principle of Software Engineering Theory
MTL024 Multimedia Lab Sessional
ENM023 Engineering Mathematics Theory
PRM009 Principle of Programming Language Theory
ALG024 Principle of Algo Theory
PGL024 Pogramming Lab Sessional
GRM009 Principle of Graphics Theory
DBMS024 Data Base Management System Theory
MAUT023 Multimedia Authoring Theory
CMUN004 Principle of Communication Theory
SWT004 Software System Development Theory
ENG005 Engineering Graphics Theory
ELC0006 Principle of Electronics Theory
SWT011 Software System Development Theory
DRW0006 Engineering Drawing Theory
ELC0007 Electrical Engineering Theory
SWT012 Software Testing Theory
SYS0007 System management Theory
DBA008 Database System Theory
SUBJECT_ID SESSION_ID COURSE_ID SEMESTER_ID
MET011 2007-08 MT001 1
CWE011 2009-10 MT001 1
SWE011 2009-10 MT001 1
MTL024 2009-10 MT002 1
ENM023 2009-10 MT002 1
PRM009 2009-10 MT002 1
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ALG024 2009-10 MT003 1
PGL024 2009-10 MT003 1
DBMS024 2009-10 MT003 1
GRM009 2009-10 MT004 1
MAUT023 2009-10 MT004 1
CMUN004 2009-10 MT003 1
SWT004 2009-10 MT004 1
ENG005 2004-05 UG005 1
ELC0006 2004-05 UG005 1
SWT011 2004-05 UG005 1
DRW0006 2004-05 UG005 1
ELC0007 2005-06 UG005 1
SWT012 2005-06 UG005 1
SYS0007 2005-06 UG005 1
DBA008 2005-06 UG005 1
SUBJECT AREA: STUDENT
STUDENT_ID ST_FIRST_NAME ST_LAST_NAME ST_MIDDLE_NAME
0007001011001 Amit Pandey Kumar
0009001011002 Suresh Pandey Kumar
0009001011003 Dipu Dolui Kumar
0009001011004 Dipa Das Snigdha
0009001011005 Lisha Ray Sinha
0009002011001 Nilu Pandey Kumar
0009002011002 Anish Dutta Roy
0009002011003 Nilesh Dolui Kumar
0009002011004 Aparna Mohanti Roy
0009002011005 Nila Ray Sinha
0009003011001 Amitav Roy Kumar
0009003011002 Animesh Dolui Kumar
0009003011003 Ajit Hansda Kumar
0009003011004 Natasha Roy Rani
0009003011005 Archana Ray Sinha
0009004011001 Dinesh Tribadi Kumar
0009004011002 Avisek Sengupta Kumar
0009004011003 Nikhil Gain Kumar
0009004011004 Mala Gupta Sen
0009004011005 Susmita Das Nag
0004005011001 Amit Pandey Kumar
0004005011002 Suresh Pandey Kumar
0004005011003 Dipu Dolui Kumar
0004005011004 Dipa Das Snigdha
STUDENT_ID COURSE_ID SESSION_ID DATE_ADMISSION
0007001011001 MT001 2007-08 03/31/2007 00:00:00
0009001011002 MT001 2009-10 03/31/2009 00:00:00
0009001011003 MT001 2009-10 03/31/2009 00:00:00
0009001011004 MT001 2009-10 03/31/2009 00:00:00
0009001011005 MT001 2009-10 03/31/2009 00:00:00
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0009002011001 MT002 2009-10 03/31/2009 00:00:00
0009002011002 MT002 2009-10 03/31/2009 00:00:00
0009002011003 MT002 2009-10 03/31/2009 00:00:00
0009002011004 MT002 2009-10 03/31/2009 00:00:00
0009002011005 MT002 2009-10 03/31/2009 00:00:00
0009003011001 MT003 2009-10 04/30/2009 00:00:00
0009003011002 MT003 2009-10 04/30/2009 00:00:00
0009003011003 MT003 2009-10 04/30/2009 00:00:00
0009003011004 MT003 2009-10 04/30/2009 00:00:00
0009003011005 MT003 2009-10 04/30/2009 00:00:00
0009004011001 PG004 2009-10 04/01/2009 00:00:00
0009004011002 PG004 2009-10 04/01/2009 00:00:00
0009004011003 PG004 2009-10 04/01/2009 00:00:00
0009004011004 PG004 2009-10 04/01/2009 00:00:00
0009004011005 PG004 2009-10 04/01/2009 00:00:00
0004005011001 UG005 2004-05 04/30/2004 00:00:00
0004005011002 UG005 2004-05 04/30/2004 00:00:00
0004005011003 UG005 2004-05 04/30/2004 00:00:00
0004005011004 UG005 2004-05 04/30/2004 00:00:00
SUBJECT AREA: KMR
STUDENT_NAME STUDENT_ID S_REGISTRATION_ID SESSION_ID
Amit Kumar Pandey 0007001011001 JU04ENGUG0050001 2004-05
Suresh Kumar Pandey 0009001011002 JU04ENGUG0050002 2004-05
Dipu Kumar Dolui 0009001011003 JU04ENGUG0050003 2004-05
Dipa Snigdha Das 0009001011004 JU04ENGUG0050004 2004-05
Lisha Sinha Ray 0009001011005 JU09ENGMT0010005 2009-10
Nilu Kumar Pandey 0009002011001 JU09ENGMT0020001 2009-10
Anish Roy Dutta 0009002011002 JU09ENGMT0020002 2009-10
Nilesh Kumar Dolui 0009002011003 JU09ENGMT0020003 2009-10
Aparna Roy Mohanti 0009002011004 JU09ENGMT0020004 2009-10
Nila Sinha Ray 0009002011005 JU09ENGMT0020005 2009-10
Amitav Kumar Roy 0009003011001 JU09ENGMT0030001 2009-10
Amitav Kumar Roy 0009003011002 JU09ENGMT0030002 2009-10
Ajit Kumar Hansda 0009003011003 JU09ENGMT0030003 2009-10
Natasha Rani Roy 0009003011004 JU09ENGMT0030004 2009-10
Archana Sinha Ray 0009002011005 JU09ENGMT0020005 2009-10
Dinesh Kumar Tribadi 0009004011001 JU09ENGPG0040001 2009-10 Avisek Kumar
Sengupta 0009004011002 JU09ENGPG0040002 2009-10
Nikhil Kumar Gain 0009004011003 JU09ENGPG0040003 2009-10
Mala Sen Gupta 0009004011004 JU09ENGPG0040004 2009-10
Susmita Nag Das 0009004011005 JU09ENGPG0040005 2009-10
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SUBJECT AREA: LIBRARY
M_BOOK_ID BOOK_TITLE NO_OF_COPY AUTHOR PUBLISHER SUBJECT
M00001 Mathematics 5
R.
Grewal JK Publishers
Engineering
Mathematics
M00002 Mathematics 5 P Dutta AK Publishers Mathematics
M00003 Software Engineering 5
Rajib Dutta JK Publishers
Software Engineering
M00004
Data Base
Management System 5
AmitDutta JK Publishers
Data Base
Management System
M_BOOK_ID S_BOOK_ID STATUS PRICE L_CODE EDITION
M00001 SM0001 Issued 235.00 Main001 7th
M00001 SM0002 Issued 235.00 Main001 2nd
M00001 SM0003 Issued 235.00 Main001 7th
M00001 SM0004 Issued 235.00 Main001 7th
M00001 SM0005 Available 235.00 Main001 7th
M00002 SM0006 Issued 235.00 Main001 7th
M00002 SM0007 Available 235.00 Main001 7th
M00002 SD0008 Reference 235.00 Dep001 7th
M00002 SM0009 Available 235.00 Main001 7th
M00002 SD0010 Reference 235.00 Dep001 7th
M00003 SM0011 Issued 235.00 Main001 7th
M00003 SM0012 Available 235.00 Main001 7th
M00003 SD0013 Reference 235.00 Dep001 7th
M00003 SM0014 Available 235.00 Main001 7th
M00003 SD0015 Reference 235.00 Dep001 7th
M00004 SM0016 Issued 235.00 Main001 7th
M00004 SM0017 Issued 235.00 Main001 7th
M00004 SD0018 Reference 235.00 Dep001 7th
M00004 SM0019 Available 235.00 Main001 7th
M00004 SD0020 Reference 235.00 Dep001 7th
STUDENT_ID L_CODE L_CARD_ID STAFF_ID ISSUE_DATE
0007001011001 Main001 LMain011001 NA 06/17/2007 00:00:00
0007001011001 Dep001 LDep011001 NA 06/24/2007 00:00:00
0009001011002 Main001 LMain011002 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009001011002 Dep001 LDep011002 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009001011003 Main001 LMain011003 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009001011003 Dep001 LDep011003 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009001011004 Main001 LMain011004 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009001011004 Dep001 LDep011004 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009001011005 Main001 LMain011005 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009001011005 Dep001 LDep011005 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009002011001 Main001 LMain02011001 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009002011001 Dep001 LDep02011001 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
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0009002011002 Main001 LMain02011002 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009002011002 Dep001 LDep02011002 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009002011003 Main001 LMain02011003 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009002011003 Dep001 LDep02011003 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009002011004 Main001 LMain02011004 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009002011004 Dep001 LDep02011004 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009002011005 Main001 LMain02011005 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009002011005 Dep001 LDep02011005 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009003011001 Main001 LMain03011001 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009003011001 Dep001 LDep03011001 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009003011002 Main001 LMain03011002 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009003011002 Dep001 LDep03011002 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009003011003 Main001 LMain03011003 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009003011003 Dep001 LDep03011003 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009003011004 Main001 LMain03011004 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009003011004 Dep001 LDep03011004 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009003011005 Main001 LMain03011005 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009003011005 Dep001 LDep03011005 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009004011001 Main001 LMain04011001 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009004011001 Dep001 LDep04011001 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009004011002 Main001 LMain04011002 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009004011002 Dep001 LDep04011002 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009004011003 Main001 LMain04011003 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009004011003 Dep001 LDep04011003 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009004011004 Main001 LMain04011004 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009004011004 Dep001 LDep04011004 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009004011005 Main001 LMain04011005 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
0009004011005 Dep001 LDep04011005 NA 06/24/2009 00:00:00
NA Main001 LMain005011001 005011001 06/24/2005 00:00:00
NA Dep001 LDep005011001 005011001 06/24/2005 00:00:00
NA Main001 LMain006011002 006011002 06/24/2005 00:00:00
NA Dep001 LDep006011002 006011002 06/24/2006 00:00:00
NA Main001 LMain003011001 003011001 06/24/2003 00:00:00
NA Dep001 LDep003011001 003011001 06/24/2003 00:00:00
NA Main001 LMain003011002 003011002 06/24/2003 00:00:00
NA Dep001 LDep003011002 003011002 06/24/2003 00:00:00
NA Main001 LMain104011001 104011001 06/24/2003 00:00:00
NA Dep001 LDep104011001 104011001 06/24/2003 00:00:00
S_BOOK_ID L_CARD_ID ISSUE_DATE DUE_DATE SUBMISSION_DATE STATUS
SM0001 LMain011002
06/16/2009
00:00:00
06/23/2009
00:00:00 06/23/2009 00:00:00 Submitted
SM0001 LMain011002 04/24/2010
00:00:00 05/01/2010
00:00:00 Due
SM0002 LMain011002 04/24/2010
00:00:00 05/01/2010
00:00:00 Due
SM0003 LMain011002
04/20/2010
00:00:00
04/28/2010
00:00:00 Overdue
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SM0004 LMain011002 04/20/2010
00:00:00 04/28/2010
00:00:00 Overdue
SM0006 LMain02011001
04/27/2010 00:00:00
05/03/2010 00:00:00 Due
SM0011 LDep02011001
04/27/2010
00:00:00
05/03/2010
00:00:00 Due
SM0012 LDep02011002 04/27/2010
00:00:00 05/03/2010
00:00:00 Due
SD0013 LMain02011003
04/27/2010 00:00:00
05/03/2010 00:00:00 Due
SM0016
LMain0201100
5
04/27/2010
00:00:00
05/03/2010
00:00:00 Due
SM0017 LDep02011005 04/27/2010
00:00:00 05/03/2010
00:00:00 Due
SM0014 LMain03011001
04/13/2010 00:00:00
05/19/2010 00:00:00 05/19/2010 00:00:00 Submitted
SM0019 LDep02011005
04/13/2010
00:00:00
05/19/2010
00:00:00 05/19/2010 00:00:00 Submitted
SUBJECT AREA: STUDENT ASSESSMENT
ASSESMENT_ID SESSION_ID SUBJECT_ID ASS_MODE ASSESS_TYPE SEMESTER_ID
E-MET011 2009-10 MET011 Semester Exam Regular 1
CT01-MET011 2009-10 MET011 Class Test Regular NA
CT02-MET011 2009-10 MET011 Class Test Regular NA
E-ENM023 2009-10 ENM023
Sessional
Exam Regular 1
E-MTL024 2009-10 MTL024 Semester Exam Regular 1
E-SWE011 2009-10 SWE011 Semester Exam Regular 1
E-CWE011 2009-10 CWE011
Semester
Exam Regular 1
E-PRM009 2009-10 PRM009 Semester Exam Regular 1
E-ALG024 2009-10 ALG024 Semester Exam Regular 1
E-PGL024 2009-10 PGL024
Sessional
Exam Regular 1
E-DBMS024 2009-10 DBMS024 Semester Exam Regular 1
E-GRM009 2009-10 GRM009 Semester Exam Regular 1
E-MAUT023 2009-10 MAUT023
Semester
Exam Regular 1
E-CMUN004 2009-10 CMUN004 Semester Exam Regular 1
E-ENG005 2004-05 ENG005 Semester Exam Regular 1
E-ELC0006 2004-05 ELC0006
Semester
Exam Regular 1
E-SWT011 2004-05 SWT011 Semester Exam Regular 2
E-DRW0006 2004-05 DRW0006 Semester Regular 2
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Exam
E-ELC0007 2005-06 ELC0007 Semester Exam Regular 3
E-DBA008 2005-06 DBA008 Semester Exam Regular 4
E-SYS0007 2005-06 SYS0007
Semester
Exam Regular 4
E-SWT012 2005-06 SWT012 Semester Exam Regular 3
STUDENT_ID SESSION_ID SEMESTER_ID SGPA STATUS ATTEMPT
0004005011001 2004-05 1 9 P 1
0004005011001 2004-05 2 9 P 1
0004005011001 2005-06 3 8 P 1
0004005011001 2005-06 4 9 P 1
0004005011002 2004-05 1 7.5 P 1
0004005011002 2004-05 2 7 P 1
0004005011002 2005-06 3 8 P 1
0004005011002 2005-06 4 8.5 P 1
0004005011003 2004-05 1 8 P 1
0004005011003 2004-05 2 8 P 1
0004005011003 2005-06 3 8 P 1
0004005011003 2005-06 4 8.5 P 1
0004005011004 2004-05 1 7.5 P 1
0004005011004 2004-05 2 7 P 1
0004005011004 2005-06 3 7 P 1
0004005011004 2005-06 4 7 P 1
0009001011002 2009-10 1 8 P 1
0009001011003 2009-10 1 7.66 P 1
0009001011004 2009-10 1 6.66 P 1
0009001011005 2009-10 1 6.66 P 1
0009002011001 2009-10 1 7 P 1
0009002011002 2009-10 1 6.66 P 1
0009002011003 2009-10 1 8 P 1
0009002011004 2009-10 1 8.33 P 1
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0009002011005 2009-10 1 NA XP 1
STUDENT_ID
COURSE_ID
SESSION_ID
DGPA STATUS ATTEMPT
PERCNT_OF_
MARKS_OBTAINED
00040050
11001 UG005 2004-05 8.75 Complete 1 87.50 0004005011002 UG005 2004-05 7.75 Complete 1 77.50
0004005011003 UG005 2004-05 8.15 Complete 1 81.50 00040050
11004 UG005 2004-05 7.15 Complete 1 71.50
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APPENDIX III: SCREEN SHOTS
Below are some of the screen shots for the reports generated by reporting tool
Business Object and Sqlplus :
Construction of the report template:
Report for Student Promotion( Test Case1) from BO:
Report for Student Promotion( Test Case1) from Sqlplus:
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Report for Course Fees Submission( Test Case2) from BO:
Report for Course Fees Submission( Test Case2) from sqlplus:
Report for Course Reassessment ( Test Case3) from BO:
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Report for Course Reassessment ( Test Case3) from sqlplus:
Report for book availability ( Test Case4) from BO:
Report for book availability ( Test Case4) from sqlplus:
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Report to check the course wise count of students who are using the library
( Test Case12) from BO:
Report to check the course wise count of students who are using the library
( Test Case12) from sqlplus:
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Report to check How many out-of-state students are availing the course(
Test Case19) from BO:
Report to check the course wise count of students who are using the library
( Test Case19) from sqlplus: