An Integrated Analysis of Ecology, Land use and Land Cover Dynamics in Eastern Amazonia Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi Ministério.

An Integrated Analysis of Ecology, Land use

and Land Cover Dynamics in Eastern

Amazonia

Ima Célia Guimarães VieiraMuseu Paraense Emilio Goeldi

Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia

Analysis of land use/cover in old and recent agriculture

frontiersProposal of Integrative

Studies – Sustainable territory

Macrozoneamento Ambiental do Estado do Pará (Sectam/PA, 2000).

Áreas protegidas Áreas de cobertura florestal intacta

Áreas de baixa antropização e uso recente

Áreas dealta antropização

e uso antigo

Evolution of deforestation in Marabá-Pará

Projeto GEOMA:Modelagem de Uso da Terra e

Dinâmica Populacional

19751975

1991199120032003

19971997

Evolution of Deforestation

Total Desflorestamento (103 ha) 1975 – 1978 (103 ha.Ano-1) 1978 – 1991 (103 ha.Ano-1) 1991 – 1994 (103 ha.Ano-1) 1994 – 1997 (103 ha.Ano-1) 1997 – 2000 (103 ha.Ano-1) 2000 – 2001 (103 ha.Ano-1) 2001 – 2002 (103 ha.Ano-1) 2002 – 2003 (103 ha.Ano-1)

19 39 327 378 464 562 599 626 673 6,4 22,2 17,1 28,5 32,9 36,5 27,4 46,2

1975 1978 1991 1994 1997 2000 2001 2002 2003

Desflorestamento até 1997Incremento 1997 - 2000FlorestaNão-FlorestaNuvem

Desflorestamento 1997 : ~ 35.000 ha 2000 : ~ 57.000 ha

Prodes/Inpe 1997-2000Estimativa do desflorestamento: Área entre os rios Iriri e Xingú

e retas traçadas ortogonalmente

Frente do Iriri Frente do Iriri 1997 - 20001997 - 2000

Rio Iriri Rio Xingú

Frente do Iriri Frente do Iriri 2000 - 20012000 - 2001

Desflorestamento 2000 : ~ 57.000 ha 2001 : ~ 115.000 ha

Prodes/INPE 2000-2001

Desflorestamento até 2000Incremento 2000 - 2001FlorestaNão-FlorestaNuvem

Desflorestamento 2002 : ~ 185.000 ha 2003 : ~ 230.000 ha

Prodes/INPE 2002-2003

Desflorestamento até 2002Incremento 2002 - 2003FlorestaNão-FlorestaNuvem

Model of Sustainable Use of

Amazonian Territory

Model of sustainable occupation that maintains ecological and biodiversity processes and also allows the economic and social development of the region.

Which information are necessary ?

Environmental data• Land use

• Biodiversity distribution

• Geology and Geomorphology

• Climate

• Vegetation, etc...

Socio-Economical Data• Population

• Offer and use of natural resources

• Patterns and economical trends

• Protected Areas

• Infrastructure and development plans

• Etc...

What is the structure of a sustainable territory?

• Conservation units (UC’s) in strategic locations.

• Ecological Corridors connecting the UC’s by Permanent Preservation Areas (APPs) and Legal Reserves (RLs).

• Areas for economic ativities in appropriate and strategic locations.

How to analyse and integrate these information?

Geographical Information Systems• Overposing

• Simulation

• Construction of Scenaries

Critical Analysis by social actors • Group meetings (reuniões participativas)

The structure of the territory determines

the actions to be taken

Matrix Mancha

Corridor

NEW AGRICULTURE FRONTIER

Matrix

Mancha

Corridor

OLD AGRICULTURE FRONTIER

Differences in the landscape structure influences the strategies of development

and conservation planning

Structure Old frontier regions

Recent frontier regions

Matrix Change Mantain

Mancha IncreaseStabilize or

reduce

CorridorExpand/ Maximize

impactsReduce/

Minimize impacts

A Science Plan for Sustainable

Territories in Amazonia

Research Program and Public Policies – to establish sustainable

territories in Amazonia

There is a logical ccupation plan of the Amazon region and an enormous potential of reserach programs very well structured as LBA and GEOMA in the context of more “transversalidade” of the government actions, related to establish sustainable territories.

Considerations

1. The regions subjected to greater impacts that needs PP in Amazon are those under strong and decisive pression of fronts of agricultural, logging and mining expansion.

2. In the case of Para, the west part is more critical (BR 163) but other areas less visible are also under great logging and mining pressure (Itaituba, Aveiro e Juruti).

3. The investiments for Pará and region are centred in ZEE, BR-163, and deforestation control and monitoring. To consolidate these iniciatives these research programs have an importante role to demonstrate scientifically the modifications that occur related to land speculation, land use change, social and landscape changes in large scale.

4. In west Para there are local focus of great ecological and socioenvironmental importance that needs urgentt scientific knowledge to guide the territory planning (ordenamento territorial).

Some of these focus are: - Terra do Meio;- Norte da Transamazônica e margem esquerda do Amazonas; - Calha Norte (Prainha, Monte Alegre, Alenquer, Oriximiná e Óbidos); Cabeceirasd do rio Arapiuns (Juruti because of soybean and mining by ALCOA that can reach half of the territory) connecting Aveiro and Itaituba; - BR-163 Apuí, and other areas in Amazonas state

Challenges

How to articulate interdisciplinaries programs to be the most important “tool” for the government in the analysis of the ecological and socio economics dynamics of a region under the most critical and violent pression of occupation?

Can we provide tools (maps, sattelite images) using the best/modern technics for diagnostics that can be used by the government and society to urgent decision making?

WHAT WE NEED? Resources and mechanisms of elasticity of research teams and mainly a total envolvement of those teams with institutions that are discussing PP for the region.To establish credibility and legitimity and consolidate dialogues between researchers, decision makers and social actors.

Ways of acting

Construct an institucional network and alocate a great effort in scientific knowledge generation;

Construct an agenda with the main government plans and actions, allocate researchers and collaborators to develop a good research plan.

Provide information and tools (maps, sattelite images) for discussing local and regional strategies for territory planning;

The importance of this proposal• The strategy of the proposal is focused in territories;• Integrated approach that makes possible replicability;• A Science Plan based in the reality;• Allows to develop advanced instruments of analysis

and also reviews scientific theories;• Type of methodology is appropriate to develop and

predict scenaries; • Allows integration between research groups and

projects.