Caterpillar Engine Research An Engine System Approach to Exhaust Waste Heat Recovery Principal Investigator: David J. Patterson DOE Contract: DE-PS26-04NT42099-02 Presenter: Richard W. Kruiswyk DOE Technology Manager: John Fairbanks Caterpillar Inc. NETL Program Manager: Ralph Nine 15 August 2007 DEER Conference Note: This presentation does not contain any proprietary or confidential information.
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An Engine System Approach to Exhaust Waste Heat …...An Engine System Approach to Exhaust Waste Heat Recovery Author R.W. Kruiswyk Subject 2007 Diesel Engine-Efficiency & Emissions
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Caterpillar Engine Research
An Engine System Approach to Exhaust Waste Heat Recovery
Principal Investigator: David J. Patterson DOE Contract: DE-PS26-04NT42099-02 Presenter: Richard W. Kruiswyk DOE Technology Manager: John Fairbanks Caterpillar Inc. NETL Program Manager: Ralph Nine 15 August 2007 DEER Conference
Note: This presentation does not contain any proprietary or confidential information.
� Program Objectives
� Technical Approach
� Accomplishments
� Packaging Concepts
� Summary and Conclusions
Caterpillar Confidential: XXXXXEngine Research
Program Objectives
� Recover energy lost in the exhaust processes of an internal combustion engine and utilize that energy toimprove engine thermal efficiency
� Improve engine efficiency with: � No increase in emissions
� No reduction in power density
� Compatibility with anticipated aftertreatment
� TARGET – Demonstrate 10% improvement in overallthermal efficiency (OTE)
Caterpillar Confidential: XXXXXEngine Research
Ambient
Stack
Engine C15
A/C
LP Comp
HP Comp
LP Turb
HP Turb
DPF
CGICooler
HP Turb
Technical Approach
Recover energy lost
in the exhaust
processes
Baseline Engine
Caterpillar Confidential: XXXXEngine Research
CGI
Brake Power
Ambient
Stack
Engine C15
A/C
LP Comp
HP Comp
LP Turb
HP Turb
DPF
CGI Cooler CGI
BrakePower
Ambient
Stack
Engine C15
A/C
LP Comp
HP Comp
LP Turb
HP Turb
DPF
CGICooler
HP Turb
0.00
50.00
100.00
150.00
200.00
250.00
Ava
ilabl
e E
nerg
y (k
w)
Technical Approach
CGI
Brake Power
A/C
Ambient CGI
BrakePower
~ 34% of Exhaust availability used
~8% (primarily ports)
~16% (throttling, turbines, DPF)
~ 34% exits stack
~8% CGI flow (dumped)
Need System Level Approach to Maximize Exhaust Recovery
Peak Torque ConditionEngine C15
HP Comp HP Turb
Stack
LP Comp LP Turb
StackDPF
EnergyCGI
Cooler
Destruction
Heat LossCGI Energy
LP Work
HP Work
From Cylinder Caterpillar Confidential: XXXXEngine Research
Ambient
Stack
Engine C15
A/C
LP Comp
HP Comp
LP Turb
HP Turb
DPF
CGICooler
HP Turb
turbines, DPF)
umped)
~8% (primarily ports)
~8% CGI flow (d
Technical Approach
0.00
50.00
100.00
150.00
200.00
250.00
Ava
ilabl
e E
nerg
y (k
w)
Heat Loss
HP Work
LP Work
CGI Energy
Stack Energy
Destruction
CGI
Brake Power
Ambient
Stack
Engine C15
A/C
LP Comp
HP Comp
LP Turb
HP Turb
DPF
CGI Cooler CGI
BrakePower
~ 34% of Exhaust availability used
~16% (throttling,
~ 34% exits stack
Recovery Method
Insulation
Bottoming Cycle
Bottoming Cycle
Turbomachinery Intercooling
Peak Torque Condition
From Cylinder Caterpillar Confidential: XXXXEngine Research
(0.5%) (0.5%) (1.3%)
High Eff.LP Turb
Compressors
ry)
ompound or Bottoming Cycleoc
Technical Approach Port Insul. PipingPoPort Insul.rt Insul. PipingPiping
Mixed Flow Turbine � High efficiency wheel designed for improved pulse utilization � Inclined volute for maximum stage efficiency � Ball Bearings for low mechanical losses