Amongst the Greenest Capitals of the World

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www.publicity.delhigovt.nic.in

DELHIINDIAAmongst the Greenest Capitals of the World

INDIA

Amongst the Greenest Capitals of the World

DELHI

Advisory BoardRakesh MehtaChief Secretary Government of NCT of Delhi

P.K. TripathiPrincipal Secretary to Chief Minister, Government of NCT of Delhi

J. K. DadooSecretary, Environment & Forest Government of NCT of Delhi

Chief Photo EditorUday SahayDirector, Information & Publicity Government of NCT of Delhi

Text CoordinatorM. DwarakanathSenior Scientific Officer, Environment

Green Room TeamM.S. Shehrawat, Maneesh, Nalin, Kaanchan, Satpal, Vinod, Amit, Chandan, Puran, Shyam, Sudhir, Ajay

Design and Production theIdeaWorks

04waste managementreduce, reuse & recycle and integrated approach for management

05water and waste water strategiesgoing beyond the conventional

06green buildings and spreading green covergreening the work place

07social and community actiontowards a green future

Delhi‑ Amongst the Greenest Capitals of the World

01 assured air qualityfor healthier life

02efficient transport infrastructurereducing pollution and stress, increasing efficiency and safety

03 smarter energy management‑ conservation and use of renewables

5

Today, Delhi is among the greenest Capital cities of the world and home to the Common Wealth Games-2010. Through various sustained efforts undertaken by Delhi Government, it is emerging as one of the most sustainable human habitations. Balance between development and environs is the essence of Delhi’s growth philosophy. The power of knowledge is being blended with nature’s bounty to engineer solutions that will combat serious issues like climate change and global warming.

16 million people. Rising aspiRations.Rapid uRbanisation. Challenge of infRastRuCtuRe. Committed administRation. Responsible Citizens.delhi. a Clean gReen metRopolis.

DELHI | Amongst the Greenest Capitals of the World 7

Delhi faces enormous challenges with a teeming population of 16 million and unrestrained influx of nearly half a million people every year. There are huge opportunities for the talented and the consequent pressure on land, water, air, space and environment, present stumbling challenges of developing appropriate infrastructure to meet the civic amenities and requirements. Emissions from India's fastest growing automobile population of 5.4 million is causing the city to develop modern metro systems, large number of flyovers, mass rapid transit systems and high speed bus

corridors to enable the large population to move freely and smoothly within the city. Balancing the need for incremental infrastructure, and yet preventing the ecology from deteriorating, is the need of the hour for Delhi. So far it has withstood the onslaught of burgeoning population and its consequential needs, and the city is now gearing for meeting the future needs of the population in the next decade. A master plan till 2021 is in place which sets the tone and the pace for Delhi's development, that has to be sustainable for the city to thrive and grow.

annual variation of Co at ito (high traffic intersection) in delhi

Source: Environment Department, Delhi Government

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

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cent

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CO

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despite the exponential Rise in the numbeR of vehiCles plying on delhi’s Roads, the sulphuR dioxide level in the aiR has Come down by 52% between 2000 and 2006.

01assured air qualityfor healthier life

Achieving and maintaining good air quality is crucial to the maintenance of public health and economic vitality of every city. Accordingly, Government of Delhi continues to work towards developing and implementing policies that provide residents and visitors with the benefits of clean air and a healthy environment at home, at work and at leisure.

Today, over 130,000 vehicles that run on the roads of Delhi use CNG as fuel.


Air quality in Delhi has been improving over the past six years through the adoption of cleaner technologies in the Transport Sector, use of better quality fuel and pollution control equipment in the Power Sector coupled with installation of Anti-Pollution measures in the Industrial Sector. Seven pollution monitoring stations work round the clock to monitor the quality of air in Delhi. Monthly data is collected from 40 stations in the city through empanelled laboratories to ensure that accurate data is available. Significant improvements were made in Delhi to control vehicular emissions which have resulted in stipulation of the emissions standards at Bharat-III norms, lowering of sulphur content in Diesel to 350 PPM, mandated clean fuels like CNG for public transport, and phasing out of 15 year old commercial vehicles.

For instance, the Nitrogen Oxide levels were more or less stable throughout 2000 to 2006, while the Carbon Monoxide levels fell drastically in all these years and were reportedly the lowest in 2007 at 2338 (CPCB data). The Sulphur Dioxide

levels also fell from 19 in 1999 to about 7 in 2007, which was a great achievement. Concentration of other pollutants like Carbon Monoxide, Lead and Benzene has also registered a marked decline. Level of Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM), Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (RSPM) and Nitrogen Dioxide have remained more or less constant and have shown a slight incline in 2007.

Today, all public transport in the city runs on eco-friendly fuel, CNG. In fact, Delhi is synonymous with the usage of non-polluting fuels for public transport as it is home to the world’s largest network of CNG fuelled buses. The use of CNG for other modes of public transport such as auto-rickshaws and taxis has also been made mandatory. Today, over 130,000 vehicles that run on the roads of Delhi use this fuel.

Delhi Government has also initiated a substantial subsidy program to usher battery operated vehicles i.e two wheelers, three wheelers & four wheeler vehicles in Delhi so

Construction of over 60 flyovers, 32 by-passes and underpasses to reduce the waiting time at busy intersections thereby reducing tail pipe emissions due to stalling on clogged roads.


that another clean fuel alternative is available in private transport. Such vehicles will become a highlight on Delhi’s roads this year.

A comprehensive program has been launched to curb automobile tail pipe emissions. High quality unleaded petrol has been made mandatory for cars and bikes, leading to indirect control

of pollution from these vehicles. A technological breakthrough is being tried by using a hydrocarbon based diesel pill to neutralise low quality diesel fuel effects on the ambient air quality of Delhi. It allows the heavier elements to burn in such diesel thereby improving fuel efficiency and reducing black air emissions. Construction of over 60 flyovers, 32 by-passes and underpasses

trend of ambient air Quality parametres before and after the introduction of Cng in delhi

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

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Post CNG

SPM RSPM SOx

Source: Environment Department, Delhi Government

NOx

Clean & Green Delhi: Battery operated vehicles – gearless, clutchless, noiseless & pollution-free.

is being implemented to reduce the waiting time at busy intersections thereby reducing tail pipe emissions due to stalling on clogged roads. The construction of the Delhi Metro and the Mass Rapid Transport System has led to a fall in the number of personal vehicles commuting on Delhi’s roads. Thousands of polluting industries have been closed down and others have been relocated to special industrial zones with common effluent treatment Plants (CETPs) facilities, built on the outskirts of the city. Industrial policy has been changed to allow only clean, hi-tech, service oriented industrial units in the city. The anti-firecrackers campaign launched has also added to the improvement in the quality of air in Delhi. Frequent advertisement campaigns to curb burning of leaves in Delhi are also preventing the ambient air quality from being disturbed.

Over the past ten years, the forest cover of the city has expanded by more than

1500%, leading to the expansion of the environment’s capacity to safely absorb greenhouse gases and assure minimal damage to air quality. Delhi’s 'Greening program' is one of the largest city greening exercises undertaken anywhere in the world. Satellite imagery data of Forest Research Institute shows total green cover in Delhi has risen from 3% in 1998 to 19.09% in 2005. In 2007, it is estimated to have increased to 20% covering nearly 300 sq. km.


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delhi metRo beComes fiRst Railway pRoJeCt in the woRld to be RegisteRed foR CaRbon CRedits

02efficient transport infrastructurereducing pollution and stress,increasing efficiency and safety

Delhi’s sustainable transportation network meets people’s needs for access to jobs, commerce and recreation with optimum utilisation of resources. Delhi is home to the world’s most eco-friendly metro rail network, envisaged and implemented with the least possible damage to nature.

The High Capacity Bus System will enhance capacity, reduce congestion and augment Delhi’s mass transport system.

DELHI | Amongst the Greenest Capitals of the World 1�

The Delhi Metro presently has an operational length of 65.1 km along three routes. DMRC operates 70 trains of four coaches each from 6 AM to 11 PM at a peak-hour frequency of four minutes and carries an average of 0.65 million passengers on each working day. Presently, construction of another 120 km for Phase-II is going on which is to be completed before the Commonwealth Games, to be held in New Delhi in 2010.

Completion of 65 km of Phase I of the Delhi Metro also resulted in the reduction of 1574 tons of pollutants and replacement of 0.657 million km equivalent of road traffic in the year 2006. This brought down the consumption of different fuels by 2.358 million litres over the year.

Delhi Metro will reduce another 3,94,285 tonnes of CO2 emissions between the years 2007-2017. The proposed connection from the airport to the city centre is expected to reduce 0.17 million passenger trips/day by the year 2011. These include trips by passengers,

visitors and employees to and from the airport. The number of air passengers who will be using the proposed metro to the international airport is projected to touch 42,500 per day by 2011 and further increase to 86,000 per day by 2021.

The Delhi Metro has become the first Railway project in the world to be registered by the United Nations under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) which will enable it to claim carbon credits.

Under the project, the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC) will earn Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) for the use of regenerative braking system in its rolling stock (trains). This is the first time in the world that the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) has registered a project based on regenerative braking. This is also the first Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC)-funded ODA loan project in the Mass Rapid Transit sector to be able to claim carbon credits.

Delhi’s roads are being widened to ensure easy flow of traffic and thereby bring down pollution caused by vehicles stalled in traffic jams.


DMRC claims 400,000 CERs for a 10-year crediting period beginning December 2007 when the project was registered by the UNFCCC. This translates to Rs 1.2 crore per year for 10 years.

The money available from sale of CERs will be used to offset the additional investment and operation costs incurred due to the implementation of the project activity, to stimulate research and development activities by DMRC to develop technology to reduce emission of green house gases and to give extensive training to train operators for optimum regeneration.

DMRC is also working on a project to claim carbon credits for the modal shift of commuters from buses/ cars to the Metro as tail-end emissions of such vehicles contribute to global warming.

The Delhi Metro Rail Corporation has planted ten trees for every tree felled during construction. Rainwater harvesting mechanisms have been integrated into the facilities all along its length. It is also the world’s safest transport system that is

fully electricity powered. Delhi Metro is also at the forefront of the usage of clean-energy technology in its rolling stocks. 70,000 tonnes of fly ash is being utilized for metro network construction purposes thereby leading to effective utilization of resources. Other initiatives of the Government of Delhi are:

• To provide safe, comfortable and efficient modes of transport, over 6000 new low floor buses with significant quality up-gradation are planned to be inducted in Public Sector. Intelligent Transport System Initiatives & Integrated Fares and smart card related initiatives are proposed to be introduced.

• Bus Rapid Transit system (BRT) In addition to Delhi Metro it is one of the initiatives of Delhi Govt. to enhance mobility and strengthen public transport. First Phase (5.6km) to be operational by April 2008.

• Effective use of cycling is also to be encouraged with cycling tracks planned

A world class Airport able to carry 100 million passengers by 2030.

along the HCBS routes. Mass transport should cater to 10 million additional vehicular trips by the year 2021. This is expected to reduce a huge amount of Green House Gas emissions especially CO2.

• Studies have been initiated to examine the feasibility of induction of light rail (mono rail) on certain corridors.

• A new modern Airport is under construction which will cater to 100 million passengers by 2030. It is being constructed in 4 phases and will be ready to accommodate 36 million passengers by October 2010 when Commonwealth games begin.


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a uniQue pRogRam to upgRade the teChnology has added 25% heat Rate impRovement at theRmal poweR plants and will save 0.128 million tonnes of Cdm peR unit – yet anotheR fiRst foR delhi.

03smarter energy managementconservation and use of renewables

The world is experimenting with various models to discover that elusive sustainable equilibrium and take off along the novel trajectory to find non-polluting methods to satisfy the growing hunger for energy. Delhi has discovered its own means in an innovative manner.

Stability in power transmisson has reduced dependence on diesel generators and release of greenhouse gases.


The Government is encouraging the use of energy efficient technologies for electrical equipment. Replacement of conventional lighting with energy efficient lighting systems and the introduction of non-conventional energy usage for buildings above 500 sq. mtrs. will bring about a massive reduction in Delhi’s dependence on fossil fuels. Almost 300,000 improved electrical fittings are proposed to be installed over 160 km of city roads. Power stability has been increased to curtail the use of Diesel Generating Sets thereby preventing the release of 30 tonnes per day of greenhouse gases.

A unique scheme in Delhi provides power efficient lighting equipment to its consumers at subsidized cost, and on easy installments, making it easier for citizens to bear the cost involved in changing their equipment. ‘Buy one, get one free’ scheme for CFL lamps has been implemented. 500,000 CFL lamps have been sold under this scheme and use of CFL has been made mandatory in government buildings. The total Certified Emission Reduction (CER) has been

estimated at 1.229 million tonnes due to switching over to CFL from conventional lamps.

The Government of Delhi is promoting the use of Light Emitting Diodes (LED) for reducing the city's traffic signal power demands. The total Certified Emission Reduction (CER) has been estimated at 78 Tonnes per year due to switching over to LED from conventional lighting in traffic system (assuming power consumption of 10,000 signals) Legislation has made solar water heating systems mandatory across hospitals, nursing homes, hotels, motels, banquet halls, jail barracks, large canteens and buildings located on plots larger than 500 sq mtrs. This is picking up fast and nearly 35 schools and colleges in Delhi which have hostel facility have already installed this.

Conventional fuel based energy sources have also been put under the scanner. New methods like clean coal technologies applied in Delhi have cut down air pollution by over 50% while delivering higher process efficiency.

Clean, Green Fuel – Solar Power.


Delhi’s dependence on thermal power is quite significant. A unique program to upgrade the technology has led to 25% heat rate improvement at thermal power plants and will save 0.128 million tonnes of CDM per unit – yet another first for Delhi.

Govt. of NCT of Delhi in July, 2006 has notified Delhi Transco Limited as State Designated Agency under Energy Conservation Act, 2001 for Delhi. A separate Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Management Centre has been established. Some of the initiatives are as follows:

• Proposal on Time of Day Metering in Domestic Sector on voluntary basis, prepared with the assistance of TERI, has been submitted to DERC for consideration.

• Awareness on use of energy efficient appliances has been created through RWA Meets, school visits, news papers and television. Training programmes were organised for the officers of DTL

on Energy Conservation in Oct / Nov 2006.

Use of renewable energy sources• The Government of NCT of Delhi has

made the use of Solar Water Heating System mandatory in the following categories of buildings:

- Industries where hot water is required for processing, Hospitals and Nursing Homes including Government Hospitals, Hotels, Motels or Banquet Halls, Jail barracks, Large Canteens having capacity to serve more than one hundred persons in a day, all Residential Buildings and Corporate Buildings located on the plots having an area of 500 Sq.M and above, all Government Buildings, residential schools, educational colleges, hostels, technical or vocational education institutes, district institutes of education and training, tourism complexes and universities etc.

Incentive Scheme for Domestic Sector• Government of NCT of Delhi is providing

Conserve Power – at all costs – LED signal lighting.

rebate / incentive of Rs. 6000/- to Domestic Electricity Consumers for installation of Solar Water Heater.

Incentive Scheme for Non Commercial Establishments:• Hostels, Religious establishments,

Charitable Institutions, Old Age Homes, Orphanages, Group Housing Societies etc. for installation of Solar Water Heater.

• An incentive of Rs. 6000/- per unit of 100 litres is given. Subjected to a maximum incentive of upto Rs. 60000/-.

Use of LEDs for traffic signals• About 400 signals have already been

converted to LED based. Traffic Police has a programme to replace all the signals to LED based, prior to Common Wealth Games.


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the methane gas ReCoveRy pRogRam has been implemented suCCessfully and it is being used as a souRCe of eneRgy in the waste tReatment plants.

04waste managementreduce, reuse & recycle and integrated approach for management

A campaign for minimizing waste called the 3Rs (Reduce, Recycle and Reuse) was undertaken by the government with active participation of citizens through over 2000 Resident Welfare Associations and 1900 Eco Clubs in schools and colleges of the city. A large number of Resident Welfare Associations have taken up solid waste segregation and management in their colonies at a decentralized level.

Garbage has been used at large land filling sites to transform wastelands into parks and add to the city’s green cover.


The city of Delhi generates nearly 7000 tonnes of solid waste everyday. Two major projects of waste management are being implemented in Public- Private Partnership by the Municipal Corporation of Delhi. 2000 tonnes of solid waste will be treated and converted into 16 MW of power in a 15 acre site in Delhi. Secondly, about 100 tons of solid waste will be converted into bio-gas and compost through a bio-methanation plant. Further, 1200 tonnes of solid waste is expected to generate 10-12 MW of power in another project. If these two projects work well, they will be expanded to put all of Delhi’s 7000 tonnes of solid waste into effective and productive use.

In order to promote the decentralised treatment of degradable waste, a pilot project for converting kitchen waste into compost by Organic Waste Converter, (OWC) developed by M/s Excel Industries, is being undertaken by the Delhi Govt. at the Delhi Sectt. canteen. Institutions like Hospitals, RWAs, Hotels, and Hostels have been asked to install OWC to handle kitchen & other degradable waste.

Several vermi-composting units have been established in schools & colleges. Further, through involvement of weaker section through a scheme, 4500 ragpickers are being trained for waste management and also provided with gloves, masks, aprons and shoes for a healthy working environment for them.

The methane gas recovery program has been implemented successfully and it is being used as a source of energy in the waste treatment plants.

The World Bank has sanctioned a grant under Japan’s Policy and Human Resources Development (PHRD) scheme for gas recovery and reuse, to the Municipal Corporation of Delhi. The project consists of landfill gas extraction testing, feasibility study and technical design of the project. It is expected that 3.0 million tonnes of equivalent of CO2 will be reduced. This not only reduces the emission of greenhouse gases from the decomposition of waste, but also reduces the dependence of the system on external sources of power, thereby

Convert kitchen waste to compost.

reducing energy consumption and subsequent pollution.

Integrated Waste ManagementPlastic bags are a serious threat to the city’s eco system and have been banned. Degradable plastic bags are promoted in a big way through both statutory and non statutory measures. The ‘Say no to Plastic’ campaign has been a huge success with all hotels, shopping malls and other establishments shifting to paper bags.

Resources like paper have been recycled within government offices. Over 100 paper recycling units have been set up in the city including one in the Delhi Secretariat, the seat of the city government. Some of them have been installed in schools and demonstrate the value of recycling to the new generation. Together, these plants recycle the waste paper that emanates from government offices and schools, controlling pollution.


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advanCed methane gas ReCoveRy systems fRom waste wateR tReatment and used to meet eneRgy ReQuiRements of the plants.

05water and waste water strategiesgoing beyond the conventional

Delhi's water policy works towards sustainable water use, balancing the needs of the community with the ability to tap more and more raw water and treat it in the most efficient manner. Energy consumption for water treatment has also been subjected to tight audits.

In Sonia Vihar Treatment Plant, over 15% energy has been conserved by applying stringent energy audit mechanisms leading to reduction in GHG emissions.


Water Treatment Plants in Delhi are presently producing around 770 MGD of potable water. All Water Treatment Plants are equipped with advanced laboratories to ensure that the water treatment is of the highest international standards.

The water distribution network is around 10,600 kms. To check leakages and contamination, around 3,000 kms of pipeline network has been laid/replaced in the last 10 years.

To augment the availability of water, Delhi has started using treated waste water for different non-potable uses. Over 110 MGD of treated water is used for horticulture, industrial uses and power stations.

The city is having a sewer network of 6,150 kms of which 4,500 kms is internal, 1,500 is peripheral and 150 kms is trunk sewers. There are 17 STPs having capacity of 512 MGD. The major challenge is to desilt the trunk sewers by 2009, and lay down the interceptor sewage network to

ensure that no sewage is allowed to enter the Yamuna river.

In state of the art facilities such as Sonia Vihar Water Treatment Plant, over 15% energy has been conserved by applying stringent energy audit mechanisms leading to reduction in GHG emissions. Steps have been taken to augment energy efficiency at the sewage processing and pumping terminals all across the city. Advanced methane gas recovery systems today gather methane from waste water and the same is used to produce energy to meet the internal requirements of the plant. Delhi’s Rithala wastewater treatment plant runs exclusively on electricity derived from methane gas recovery, from the waste water it treats.

Rainwater harvesting and water conservation is being promoted in a big way. A rain water harvesting cell has been set up in the Delhi Jal Board to provide technical guidance and financial assistance to citizen groups for taking up rainwater harvesting projects in their area. The Chief Minister’s Rainwater

Delhi has implemented programmes to rejuvenate water bodies by recycling waste water from sewage treatment plants.


Harvester Award has been instituted both in individual and institutional categories to encourage efforts in this direction. Eco-clubs in schools have also have been sensitized for roof top rainwater harvesting and nearly 100 schools have installed such systems by now.

An active Clean Yamuna River Program has been undertaken in association with four neighboring State Governments, the Central Government and active participation of all sections of civil society. During the drive, huge quantities of plastic bags, garbage, water hyacinth and general litter from the river embankment are lifted and sent to the sanitary landfill sites.

11 Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETP) cover 21 industrial areas and treat 165 MLD of industrial effluents. Sewage treatment capacity has been considerably enhanced to 540 MGD to prevent release of untreated sewage into surface water bodies. Several strategies have been planned to crub water pollution including laying of Interceptor sewers along the three major drains i.e. Najafgarh Drain,

Shahdara drain and Supplementary drain as well as augmentation of existing capacity of the STPs at the mouth of Delhi Gate and Dr. Sen Nursing Home Nallah drain. Methane generation from sludge digestion process and utilization for generation is also included in the projects.

Under the clean development mechanism, the Delhi Jal Board is working on a two stage plan of reducing 3.26 million tonnes of carbon dioxide between 2008-2012. In the second phase from 2012 to 2018, another about 13 million tonnes of carbon dioxide will be cut short. These efforts are on account of energy efficient equipment like pumps, motors, transformers, optimal pumping and aeration processes, improved efficiency of treatment and sludge disposal operations resulting in better methane recovery, and reduction in transmission losses through improved installations and networks. The Khelo Holi (play colours) Naturally Campaign is conducted every year during the Holi festival (the post harvest Festival of Colours) to encourage the use of natural colors, instead of chemical and synthetic colors.

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the expansion and ConstRuCtion of integRated teRminals foR delhi inteRnational aiRpoRt limited will adopt the gReen building ConCept.

06green buildings and spreading green covergreening the work place

Delhi has decided to adopt the Green Buildings technology across all its major construction agencies through a circular issued in 2003. The green building concept emphasizes sustainable site planning, design and construction of buildings to achieve maximum harmony with nature and at the same time reduce negative environmental effects.

Green CWG Games – Thyagaraj Stadium.

The Government of Delhi has declared the Commonwealth Games to be played in October-November, 2010 in Delhi as Green Games. The Bureau of Energy Efficiency has developed an Energy Efficiency Code for all buildings, which is now mandatory. The Government of Delhi is also adopting this code and one of the finest examples of this is the:• Thyagaraj Sport Complex which is

under construction as a part of preparations for the forth coming Commonwealth Games 2010 at Delhi.

• The technology adopted in this building not only ensures conservation of natural resources during construction, but also ensures conservation of energy and natural resources during its use. Some of the main environment friendly features are as under: -

Water Efficiency• Water efficient land scaping (Drip

irrigation).• Use of 100% recycled water for

irrigation of green areas resulting in reduction of potable water.

• Water efficient chillers to reduce water requirement for cooling towers.

• Use of Water Efficient Systems, Fixtures Fittings.

• Rain water harvesting for replenish-ment of ground water table.

• Waste Water Treatment & Recycling.

Non Conventional Energy Technology• The waste heat from the 3.5MW

Turbine will be used for Air-conditioning (1600 Tonnes Plant).

Alternative Fuel for Power Generation • Gas Turbine of 3.5MW will be used for

power generation instead of Diesel fed generators. The entire power-backup of the proposed project is through environment friendly means.

Eco-friendly Materials• Low embodied energy materials• Local materials• Recyclable materials• Low water intensive materials.• Paints with low VOC• Certified wood.


A green building is eco-friendly, conserves energy and water and circulates pure air.


• Low U value materials.• Some of the low embodied construction

materials produced with energy efficient process proposed in the project are:

- Fly ash lime bricks for walls- Recycled rubber flooring in public

places.- Paints, sealants and adhesives

containing no or low volatile organic chemical.

INDOOR ENVIRONMENT QUALITY• Declaration of the entire building

as Non Smoking Area/Creation of designated smoking rooms.

• Flush out before occupancy and replacement of AHU filters.

• Installation of CO2 sensors to monitor indoor air quality.

• The reverence standards to be achieved shall be AHRAE 90.1 2004 indoor air quality and ventilation standards.

• Maximize use of Natural Day lighting and outdoor view to the occupants.

Construction Waste Management• Excavated earth to be used for land

leveling/back filling and landscaping.• Waste concrete to be reused as

aggregate in construction process or for site grading and road filling.

• Construction debris with bits and pieces of steel, packaging materials and wood to be used for shuttering purposes.

A Green eco-friendly building: New Civic Centre of Municipal Corporation of Delhi.

• Cement bags, waste paper, card board packing materials, unusable steel/metal bits and pieces to be collected and sold to recyclers.

• The hazardous materials used during the construction such as petrol, diesel, welding gas and paints shall be collected, stored and handled (recycled/reused or disposed) according to the guidelines.

Ozone Depletion• The chillers proposed to be used will

be CFC and HCFC free and will work on environment friendly refrigerants.

Use of Renewable Energy Sources Solar Energy• The proposed THYAGARAJA STADIUM

project envisages in-house generation of 650 KVA electricity from Solar panels on the roof.

• The electricity generated from solar energy will contribute to around 18% of the 100% standby arrangement during the mega events in the stadium.

The expansion and construction

of Integrated Terminals for Delhi International Airport Limited will adopt the green building concept. Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL) is mandated to operate, develop, design, construct, upgrade, modernize, finance & manage the IGI Airport for 30 years. In the first phase by 2010 March would be able to handle 37 Million Passenger per annum. Till 2010, 4430 Mtrs of run ways, 18 KM of taxiways, 4,80,000 SQM of area are to be constructed. CDM potential exists in the use of natural lighting, Energy efficiency, water conservation, use of solar energy, integrated waste management, and adoption of Green Building Technologies etc. The new airport terminal building construction & runway construction has a lot of CDM potential. E&Y & PWC consultants are being utilised for the project preparation.

A number of buildings including four big hospitals, municipal corporation's civic centre of 28 floors, Commonwealth Games Village and the new headquarter building of the Delhi's Power Transmission


O Man! My Friend! In those blistering sweaty summer evenings, I grant you the Ultimate harmony, with my cool gentle breeze.

Company are being constructed along the green buildings concept.

SPREADING GREEN COVERDelhi is the one of greenest Capital cities of the world because of its creative hard work, mass social mobilization, awareness campaigns, dedicated public action and the strong political and administrative will of the governing authorities. Active efforts by the Government have led to the expansion in forest cover of the city from 26 sq. km to over 300 square kilometers in the past 10 years. The forests of Delhi are home to a rich variety of flora and fauna. 1,700,000 trees were planted in the year 2006 adding to Delhi’s green efforts. 14 city forests are being revived and 9 entirely new city forests have been created.

Multiple stake holders viz, Eco-clubs, Resident Welfare Associations (RWAs), Market Traders Associations (MTAs), and Industrial Associations are involved in the tree plantations in their respective areas. Places such as parks and gardens,

educational institutions, hospitals, bus stations, road side and central verges, along railway lines, railway stations, along the drains, village community lands and villages, bunds of agricultural lands, farm lands etc were also selected for plantation in a coordinated efforts with the concerned agencies. Initiatives such as free distribution of saplings through 13 Departmental nurseries and through the nurseries of other greening agencies were also taken. Novel approach such as free distribution through petrol pumps and Mother Diary milk vending booths during monsoon season yielded fruitful results.

The abandoned mines in the outskirts of Delhi were reclaimed and refurbished with half a million trees and today the entire 2500 acres is resplendent with a beautiful green cover where animals and insects are finding their homes in large numbers. It has become a renewed wild life sanctuary and waste lands have been converted into verdant green space.

The Government of Delhi has utilised


Harvest Rain water - Replenish Mother Nature for Posterity.

all available space to plant nearly 1.8 million saplings in 2007-08, and this would be a record for any city in the world. This effort is taken up as a separate carbon financing project under the clean development mechanism. In 2008-09, these plantation numbers will again be repeated.

CDM INITIATIVES ON GREENING The forestry plantation project covers appx 5000 acres in Deramandi, Bhatti Mines, & Asola wild life Sanctuary in Delhi. Eco-Task Force and Dept. of Forests cover these areas under plantation. The carbon sequestrated by poly culture plantation in the area is expected to provide outflow of direct benefits from carbon credits to the stake holders involved in the project. The income generated through the carbon credits accruing in the project is to be used for augmentation of green landscapes as well as for improvement and maintenance of existing green landscapes in the metropolis through the involvement of stakeholders.


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the ‘CatCh them young’ pRogRam implemented by the goveRnment disseminates awaReness aCtivities aCRoss City sChools.

07social and community actiontowards a green future

From development to implementation to evaluation - effective public education and information efforts at every step have played a pivotal role in building a sustainable Delhi. Given Delhi’s diversity of communities and cultures, the programs had to be consistently engaging, positive and inclusive. Accurate, usable information about sustainability has been made widely available, in many languages and formats.

Bhagidari Workshops involving Resident Welfare Associations, Traders’ Associations, Schools, NGOs and Corporates have increased citizen involvement in environmental issues.


Delhi’s green army is constituted of School Children, Resident Welfare Associations, armed forces personnel, senior citizens, NGOs and housewives. Over 1900 Eco-Clubs have been established in various schools/colleges of Delhi. These Eco-Clubs conduct various environment related activities throughout the year. An Annual Eco Meet and Environment Exhibition is organised wherein representatives from all the Eco-Clubs/Schools participate and exhibit various eco-friendly products. The ‘Catch them Young’ program implemented by the Government runs poster competitions and other awareness activities across city schools.

The Clean Yamuna River Campaign, Say No to Plastics Campaign, Say No to Crackers Campaign, Clean Delhi Campaign, Say No to Shining Wrapping Paper Campaign and other communication campaigns are people devised and people led, generating a mass movement of their own. Anti-littering and anti-plastic bags campaigns taken up under Bhagidari Program

involving Resident Welfare Associations, Traders’ Associations, schools, NGOs and corporate have created tremendous awareness among citizens of Delhi.

The Delhi Degradable Plastic Bag (Manufacture, Sale & Usage) and Garbage (Control) Act, 2000 is being implemented in earnest. According to this Act, manufacture, sales and usage of recycled plastic bags for storing, carrying and packing of food is prohibited in NCT of Delhi. In addition, plastic bags of less than 20 microns in thickness cannot be manufactured. Violation of these provisions of the Act can lead to imprisonment of up to one year or a fine of up to Rs. 25,000 or both. Provisions in the same Act make use of degradable bags compulsory for sectors such as hotels and shopping malls, hospitals etc. Conversion of plastic waste into carbon nano materials using Nano Technology is also being attempted. Using plastic waste into road making also have been attempted at in some stretches of roads in Delhi.

Say 'No to Crackers'Say 'No to Plastics'Use DG sets with accoustic enclosures.

An Eco-Care Program (Environment and Sanitation Drive) in residential areas is also conducted. These programs have always evoked enthusiastic response from all the stakeholders indicating the success of the Bhagidari concept.


Bhagidari Program involving Residents Welfare Associations, Traders Associations, Schools, NGOs and Corporates have created tremendous awareness among citizens of Delhi.


1 Public Works Department (PWD).

• Mandatory adoption of Green Building Technology. i.e

a. Optimum energy efficiency in lighting air conditioning, water pumping system.

b. Right heating, ventilation, Air-conditioning (HVAC) system.

c. Green screens for east-west building walls and for the roof.

d. Maximum natural lightings in buildings and Energy Graded Glass.

e. Building envelopes i.e. walls, roof, window, door, basements, slabs, and insulation are designed to meet clean and green goals.

f. Efficient water dispensing technologies i.e. Kitchen wares, low flushing toilets, low flow shower heads, irrigation system etc.

g. Construction Materials from recycled products such as fly ash bricks, recycled material in false ceiling.

h. Landscape to minimise soil erosion, reduce water usage, ensure good drainage system etc.

• Asphalt recycling using "Hot In place Recycling" (HIR) technology.

• In the last 5 years, energy saving was achieved in the range of 4% to 55%.

• Energy saving will be done in the next 5 years by adopting solar lighting, solar geyser and geothermal cooling.

• This is expected to result in energy saving in the range of 35% to 50%. In solar geyser 100 % saving is envisaged.

ExEcutIvE Summary

agency/department initiatives expected emission Reduction


3 Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD).

• Methane recovery and reuse from three land fill sites. The project involves landfill gas extraction, gas testing, feasibility study & technical design of the project. The World Bank has sanctioned the project.

• Integrated waste management project i.e Waste to energy project proposes to convert 2050 MT of Municipal Solid Waste into 16 MW power.

• Installation of Compact Fluorescent lamps (CFL), Installation of Capacitor banks for improving energy efficiency, automated car parking, construction of railway under passes and over bridge at 31 level crossings.

Three million tonnes of CO2 equivalent will be reduced.

This is registered with UNFCCC to earn 2.6 million CERs over the ten year period

2 Delhi Jal Board (DJB).

Energy Efficiency Improvement programme in water supply, waste water treatment and methane recovery.

Lot of potential for GHG reduction exists. DJB is trying to workout a CDM project with World Bank.


5 New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC).

New Delhi Muncipal Council (NDMC)• Integrated Muncipal Solid Waste

treatment.• Signal free movement of vehicles.• Use of ozone friendly refrigerant in

refrigerators, air-conditioners, etc. & centralised air-conditioning system in Connaught Place.

• Installation of Electronic Chokes and CFL.

Reduction of demand for energy by 1500kw by 2009 is expected.

4 Forest Department. • 1.8 million samplings proposed to be planted in 2008-2009.

The forestry plantation covers approx 4000 acres in Deramandi, Bhatti mines & Asola wildlife Sanctuary in Delhi.


A CDM project is being prepard & is being submitted shortly.


7 Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC).

• Through the regenerative braking system the kinetic energy released during the breaking are tapped & supplied back to the over head electric lines.

• 40,000 tree plantations have been done and 0.1 million more plantations will be done.

• Another project for modal shift of commuters from buses/cars to the metro for their phase-I & Phase II are also being prepared.

The project has been registered with UNFCCC for 400,000 CER's for a period of 10 yrs.

6 Delhi Transco Limited (DTL).

• Installation of Electronic Chokes and CFL.

• Mandatory solar water heating system in all buildings having 500 sqm and above.

• Installation of energy-efficient motor pumps, power capacitor, foot and reflex valves in agriculture sector.

• Promotion of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs).

• Notification of performance standards for the power distribution companies.

Lost of CDM potential exists if the households convert their lighting into CFL Systems. It is estimated that this alone could earn 1.22 Million Tonnes of CER/Yr


10 Delhi International Airport.

• Green Building Concept.• Energy-efficient lighting.• Fly Ash utilisation

To be included.

9 Transport Sector: • Introduction of CNG.• 145 CNG stations.• Introduction of Euro-II & Euro –III

norms for the vehicles.• Improved quality of fuels in terms

of Benzene, Sulphur and lead.• Phasing out of commercial vehicles.• 6000 new upgraded, fuel efficient buses

are proposed to be inducted.

8 Delhi Multimodal Transit System (DIMTS).

• Introduction of Medium Capacity modes like Bus Rapid Transit, Light Rail Transit, Monorail.


It is estimated that 13% reduction in green house gases is envisaged till the completion of DIMTS.


Expected CO2 emissions reduction 0.128 million tonnes per unit.

11 Thermal Power Generation.

• State of art instrumentation with lesser response time, high sensitivity, which helps in proactive operation & maintenance & planning of infrastructure.

• Renovation and Modernisation (R&M) of 210 MW units identified as CDM project by Ministry of Power will result in Heat Rate Improvement by 25% (i.e. 200 to 250 kcal/ kwh).

• Improvement in heat rate by innovative approach by changing the cycle parameters.


Published by:Directorate of Information and Publicity

www.publicity.delhigovt.nic.in

DELHIINDIAAmongst the Greenest Capitals of the World

Amongst the Greenest Capitals of the World

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