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APRIL 21, 2010

THE FIRSTEARTH DAYTHE MOTHER OFMOTHER’S DAYDEWEY DEFEATSTRUMAN (ALMOST)

AMERICANPATRIOT

THE MOTHER OFMOTHER’S DAY

46THE AIR FORCEACADEMYONE OVER ALL8

GLACIERA NATIONAL ANDINTERNATIONAL PARK

THIS WEEKIN AMERICANHISTORY

QUOTE OFTHE WEEK

14 15

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ALMOST PRESIDENTDEWEY’S SURPRISING DEFEAT

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4 AMERICAN PATRIOT

THE MOTHER OFMOTHER’S DAY

AMERICAN PATRIOT 5

The idea of a day to honor mothers has a

rich history; spiritually the roots lie in early

Egyptian worship of goddesses. The Ancient

Greek and Roman also both had maternal

goddesses. The actual holiday originated in

the 1600’s as Mothering Day in England. But,

oddly, the notion did not translate easily to

colonial America. When the pilgrims settled

in America they ignored the practice of

Mothering day and, for centuries, the practice

not adopted in the United States. Never-

theless, several attempts were made over

the years to institute the holiday, if only as

a chance for mothers to gather to honor

sons who had died in the Civil War. A woman

named Ann Jarvis was among those who

organized such events.

In 1908, Ann’s daughter,

Anna Marie Jarvis, took

the lead, petitioning her

church for a Mothers Day

celebration. Jarvis was

from a small town in

Webster WV; after her

mother, the activist Ann, passed away, she

came up with the idea of a national holiday

to celebrate mothers. The YMCA and many

church groups adopted the cause and peti-

tioned the Congress. Nebraska Senator Elmer

Burkett proposed the idea of Mothers Day

as a national holiday on the Senate floor, but

the proposal was initially dismissed. Despite

this federal defeat, the commemorative day

spread to 46 states, with Jarvis’ own West

Virginia leading the way.

Bowing to the trend, in 1914 President

Woodrow Wilson signed the holiday into a

national observance.Wilson originally intended

the day to be one of solidarity with mothers

who had lost children in war, but the holiday

expanded to a national celebration of mother-

hood. In 1934, Franklin Delano Roosevelt

approved a stamp commemorating the hol-

iday and, in 2008, every single member of

Congress voted on a resolution commemo-

rating Mothers Day to show their support for

American mothers. They dared not.

So buy your chocolates and flowers and

decorate that macaroni card because the

second Sunday of May is now officially a

nationwide celebration of mothers in the

United States. And give a nod to Anna Marie

Jarvis by wearing a carnation, the flower

which has come to represent Mothers Day

because it was Anna’s mom’s favorite.

LEARN MORE ABOUTANNA MARIE JARVIS

Mothers Day in America takes place the second Sunday in May.This year, the date is May 9. Now one of the most popular andobserved of holidays, it did not easily take root in the NewWorld.

6 AMERICAN PATRIOT

THE AIR FORCE ACADEMYONE OVER ALL

The Air Force Academy was created in 1954and approved by President Dwight Eisenhowerin order to prepare officers for air service.Congress authorized Secretary of the AirForce Harold Talbott to find a worthy basefor the Academy. After traveling 21,000miles and considering 580 proposed sitesin 45 states, the commission recommendedthree locations. From those, Secretary Tal-bott selected the site near Colorado Springs.The state of Colorado contributed a total of $1million toward the purchase of the land. InJuly of 1955, as construction began on theAcademy, the first class of 306 men wassworn into the school at the temporary base.

General Hubert R. Harmon became the firstsuperintendent of the school, and the firstclass chose the falcon as the mascot. Sincethe establishment of the Academy, the schoolhas grown to a student body of 4,000 stu-dents per class and 560 professors. Thecampus is now 18,000 acres including theCadet Chapel, the Aeronautics ResearchCenter, the Prep School, Falcon Stadium, sev-eral gyms, air strips, and eateries. Retiredbombers are scattered over the campus.

During the VietnamWar, the enrollment at theAcademy dramatically increased, as greaternumbers of pilots were needed in the war.Women were permitted to enter the Academyin 1976 when President Gerald Ford signedgender equalizing legislation. The school isfirst rate in every way: Forbes magazine re-cently ranked the Air Force Academy number2 for best public colleges in the country andnumber 7 overall for best colleges.

AMERICAN PATRIOT 7

GO UP IN THE AIR WITH ANAIR FORCE CADET

“One over all,” can be heard shouted over the drone of plane engines in theheart of Colorado. The Air Force was the last of the three major servicesto have an independent existence— it was a branch of the Army for manydecades — and the Academy was the third major military training center.It now takes its rightful place along with West Point and Annapolis in thepantheon of American military history.

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8 AMERICAN PATRIOT

GLACIERA NATIONAL ANDINTERNATIONAL PARK

AMERICAN PATRIOT 9

The land that the park occupies has a richhistory and tradition, having been important tothe Blackfeet, Kootenai, and Salish Indian tribesfor thousands of years. Lewis and Clark’s expe-dition came within 50 miles of the area. GlacierNational Park offers diverse flora and fauna.As for plants, there are a wide variety of ferns,grasses, and trees. As for animals, there are allsorts including grizzly and black bears, elk, trout,lynx, and Yellowstone checkerspot butterflies.Most notable among the terrain are 26 smallglaciers left scattered across the landscapetoday. But interestingly the park is named for thegeologic effects of larger glaciers which appearedthousands of years ago.

Glacier National Park hosts approximately twomillion visitors a year. The most popular time tovisit is in the spring or summer. Then, the tem-peratures average between the high 60’s andhigh 70’s — perfect for a morning hike on thenearly 700 miles of trails! Visitors often like todrive the Going-to-Sun Road, which spans 50miles of the park’s interior. Many also choose toparticipate in a ranger-led walking tour or takinga boat cruise to learn about the geology, parkhistory, and fun facts. There are two lodges onthe premises of the park for those who wouldlike to enjoy longer stays. Kids will have funexploring in Discovery Cabin or becoming aGlacier Explorer on specially designed rangertours for families.

Just across the border, in Canada, is WatertonLakes National Park. In 1931, members of theRotary Clubs of Alberta and Montana suggestedjoining the two parks as a symbol of the peaceand friendship between the two countries. In1932, the United States and Canadian govern-ments voted to designate the parks as Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park, the world’sfirst. More recently the parks have received twoother international honors. The parks are bothBiosphere Reserves, and were named as a WorldHeritage Site in 1995. This international recog-nition highlights the uniqueness of this area.

It is Glacier National Park’s centennial, so thereare many special and exciting activities to par-ticipate in this year and even more reason tovisit the park.

PLAN YOUR NEXT VISIT

In the northern reaches of the United States there lies 1.4 million acres

of mountains, forest, lakes, and glacier carved valleys. Glacier National

Park preserves this pristine wilderness, having been established in 1910

by President Howard Taft as the tenth national park.

10 AMERICAN PATRIOT

ALMOST PRESIDENTDEWEY’S SURPRISING DEFEAT

AMERICAN PATRIOT 11

“Dewey Defeats Truman” read the post-election headline in theChicago Daily Tribune in 1948. Considered one of the mostfamous newspaper errors, the Daily Tribune was just printingwhat everyone was thinking, Thomas Dewey would be the nextpresident of the United States. They forgot to tell Truman.

Most historians consider the 1948 elec-

tion to be one of the greatest presidential

upsets in American history. Almost every-

one at the time predicted Truman’s defeat.

Truman was relatively unknown, having

succeeded Franklin Roosevelt near the

end of World War II, and he was not a

popular President up to the time of the

election. On the other hand, Dewey, born

in 1902 and raised in Michigan, was a

nationally known figure, a famous pros-

ecutor, and considered very competent.

Dewey had made his name in New York

City, excelling first as a prosecutor, build-

ing a record of busting criminals in the

city, and then being elected District At-

torney of New York County in 1937. In

1942, Dewey won Governorship of New

York. While in office, he signed legisla-

tion to create the University of New York

(now the SUNY system). He was a can-

didate in the Republican presidential

primaries but lost to Wendell Willkie

who, in turn, would lose to FDR.

Dewey ran again in 1948 again as the

Republican candidate, gaining the nom-

ination amid high hopes of a victory for

the GOP. It was not to be: he won 16

states and earned 45% of the popular

vote but the hard-charging Truman bur-

nished his reputation as a common man,

made fun of Dewey’s patrician manner,

and successfully shifted blame for the

country’s problems on Congress.

After Dewey’s shocking defeat, he won a

third term as Governor and then retired

from politics. He was instrumental in

helping get Dwight Eisenhower elected

as a Republican and in naming Richard

Nixon as Eisenhower’s running mate. He

remained a power broker in the Repub-

lican party until the 1960’s when it be-

came too conservative for his liking.

Dewey died in 1971.

WATCH HISTORIC FOOTAGEOF THE ELECTION RESULTS

CAMDEN YARDSTHE RETRO STADIUM BOOM

12 AMERICAN PATRIOT

Camden Yards was a revelation. When con-struction finished in 1992, there was almostunanimous praise for a stadium that buckedsterility and utility for retro ambiance, visitoramenities and a baseball-only focus. Built onland once occupied by the B&O Railroad, thestadium integrates several of the existing in-dustrial structures, notably the huge trainwarehouse that towers over the right field fence.The playing field and surrounding structurewere the first in decades to be constructedusing straight lines, once an eccentric base-ball standard, long since abandoned forcurved dimensions to accommodate footballfield conversions. Brick and iron dominate thebuilding materials, adding to the retro feel.

Yet the facility feels authentic. In the 18 yearssince its construction, fifteen Major Leaguestadiumshave been built relying on theCamdenYards template, often using the project archi-tects, HOK. None of the parks built during the“retro boom” have been able to quitematch thepitch-perfect hybrid of vintage aesthetic andmodern convenience seen in Camden Yards.The park is a synergy of a visual idea, one of

focused sentimentality, and the necessities ofoperating a 50,000 seat, 82 game-a-year colos-sus. Fans sit close to the field as they did inolder parks. The park feels intimate, yet theaisles and concourses are designed to providefreedom of movement.

A trip to Camden Yards includes many must-dos. Enter the stadium on Eutaw Street, whichis closed to vehicular traffic and open to ticketholders. The street is home to the B&O ware-house, and fans shops and restaurants. By far,themost recommended eatery is Boog's BBQ,operated by former first basemenBoog Powell.The barbecue pit offers the full compliment ofgrilled favorites and overlooks the outfield.The stadium is located a few minutes fromBaltimore’s InnerHarbor, home to aworld-classaquarium and numerous crab-centric restau-rants. Died-in-the-wool fans will also want tovisit the Babe Ruth birthplace, a museum lo-cated in a local tenement, a few short blocksfrom the stadium.

GET GAMES SCHEDULESAND VISITOR INFORMATION

Stadiumdesign in themiddle of the 20th century was, to borrow a quote fromThomasHobbes, “nasty, brutish, and short.” The civic need for multipurpose stadiums —facilities where football, baseball, and large entertainment events could co-habit —dovetailed with the rise of “brutalist” architecture to produce countless anonymous,symmetrical concrete structures. The designs, in attempting to accommodateeveryone, pleased no one. Notoriously hated by fans, these “Cookie Cutter Stadiums”radiated an institutional feel and boasted poor sight lines. Construction was poor,and the multipurpose stadium boom of the 60s and 70s left many Major LeagueBaseball teams with second-rate stadiums.

AMERICAN PATRIOT 13

QUOTE OFTHE WEEK

“Sic Semper Tyrannis”(Thus be to tyrants)— JOHN WILKES BOOTH

YELLED THIS AFTER HE SHOT ABRAHAM LINCOLNAND JUMPED FROM THE BALCONY TO THE STAGE.THE ASSASSINATION TOOK PLACE APRIL 14, 1864,AND BOOTH WAS CAPTURED AND KILLED ON APRIL 26.

14 AMERICAN PATRIOT

THIS WEEK INAMERICAN HISTORY

AMERICAN PATRIOT 15

1970.The first Earth Day took place on April 22, the brainchild of then-Senator Gaylord of Wisconsin. His goal was to force environmentalawareness as a political issue. The 40th anniversary event falls thisyear on the same date.

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