America: The Beginning UNIT 1. Why? Economics -materials and markets -land -GOLD!!!!!! -joint stock companies Renaissance -sailing technology Religious.

America: The Beginning

UNIT 1

Why?Economics

-materials and markets-land-GOLD!!!!!!-joint stock companies

Renaissance -sailing technologyReligious freedom -Inquisitions

-Reformation

Early attempts

ROANOKE-Sir Walter Raleigh-”CROATOAN”???-lost colony

SUCCESS????

JAMESTOWN-Chesapeake Bay, Virginia-Virginia Company (joint stock)-problems

-location- “gentlemen”-GOLD!!!!!-disease-starvation

SUCCESS!!!!

Success-Captain John Smith

-”no work, no food”-relations with Powhattans

-John Rolfe-tobacco (Brown gold)

-Headright system-pay for a passage and get 50 acres

-HOUSE OF BURGESES***first representative government***

Nathaniel Bacon-indian attacks-no government protection-BACON’S REBELLION

***first time the colonists show discontent with British rule***

13 Colonies

NEW ENGLAND COLONIESMassachusetts

-Plymouth -Pilgrims (Separatists)-Mayflower

-Mayflower Compact***America’s first self government***

- “Thanksgiving”

-Massachusetts Bay-Puritans

- “purify the Church of England”- “God’s elect” (predestination)-strict adherence to church-John Winthrop

- “city on a hill”

CHALLENGES TO THE PURITANS (INSIDE)-Roger Williams

-settlers had no right to Indian land-free to worship as they please-Providence, Rhode Island

**first break from the Puritans**-Anne Hutchinson

- you do not need church or ministers-interpret the Bible for yourself-challenged Predestination

-Salem Witch Trials-people start to doubt Puritans

-Great Awakening-Puritan church loses control-Jonathan Edwards

- “attendance won’t save you”-John Wesley

-take the gospel to the poor-George Whitefield

CHALLENGES TO PURITANS (OUTSIDE)-Pequots

-Connecticut-upset with colonial “land ownership”-Mystic River Massacre

-Wampanoag- Matacom ”King Phillip”-hated Puritan restrictions- “King Phillip’s War”

***ended Native American resistance in New England***

MIDDLE COLONIES

Pennsylvania- William Penn-Quakers- “Holy Experiment”

-God’s “inner light” is in all- services held without ministers-no rank-paid Indians for their land

SOUTHERN COLONIES

Virginia-Jamestown- plantation culture

- “plantation aristocracy”-indentured servitude-slaves (1619)

Triangle Trade

Maryland- Lord Baltimore- Catholic refuge-Toleration Act **first law granting religious freedom**

North and South Carolina- “lord proprietors”-plantation aristocracy- “back water” “back woods” farmers

Georgia-debtors’ prison- “Buffer Zone”-no slavery-no rum

War!!!!!

Seven Years War (Europe) -1756-1763-England v France

French and Indian War (America)-Ohio River Valley-Fort Duquesne v Fort Necessity-Algonquin (French allies)-Iroquois (British Allies)

-Colonists fight for England-Albany Plan of Union (Ben Franklin)

***first time a united 13 Colonies is suggested***EFFECTS:

-English win-get all land east of the Mississippi

-Native Americas not pleased-English rule harshly-Pontiac’s Rebellion

- “smallpox blankets”

-Proclamation of 1763-colonists can not settle Appalachian

Mountains-UPSET!!!!!